KR101558990B1 - Activation analysis method for stretch reflex - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for analyzing muscle activation for the stretch reflex. According to the present invention, the method for analyzing muscle activation for the stretch reflex comprises: a step of calculating the length and the contraction speed of a muscle (S10) to obtain the length and the contraction speed of a muscle influenced by the stretch reflex; a step of nondimensionalization (S20) to nondimensionalize the length and the contraction speed of the muscle obtained by the step of calculating the length and the contraction speed of the muscle (S10); a step of calculating weighted values (S30) to obtain the weighted value of length by identifying the ratio of slow muscle fibers in the muscle influenced by the stretch reflex and to obtain the weighted value of speed by identifying the ratio of fast muscle fibers in the muscle influenced by the stretch reflex; and, a step of calculating the muscle activation (S40) to calculate the muscle activation of the muscle according to the stretch reflex by using the length of the muscle nondimensionalized and the contraction speed of the muscle nondimensionalized drawn by the step of nondimensionalization (S20) and the weighted value of the length and the weighted value of the speed calculated by the step of calculating weighted values (S30). According to the present invention, the method makes it possible to estimate the analysis of the activation and the power of a muscle due to the stretch reflex, and can reduce errors in analyzing the muscle activation according to the stretch reflex as it considers the length and the speed of the muscle by nondimensionalizing the length and the speed of the muscle in calculating the muscle activation. In addition, since it can estimate the analysis of the muscle activation according to the stretch reflex even if it does not use an electromyogram signal in an experiment, it can reduce the time needed for estimation of the muscle activation and make it possible to estimate the analysis of the muscle activation according to the stretch reflex of a healthy adult.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of analyzing muscle activity for height-

The present invention relates to a method of analyzing muscle activity for elongation reflection, and more particularly, to estimate muscle activity due to kidney reflex, a value inputted for a heel-type model analysis is calculated by substituting EMG signals by EMG The present invention relates to a method for analyzing muscle activity for elongation reflection,

Since the development of modern civilization is fundamentally for human beings, science and technology, which led to the development of civilization, are also related to human beings.

In addition, research fields of biomechanics are becoming more and more widespread due to improvement of living standards, heightened interest in health, and demand for high quality human-centered products.

In particular, the development of a mathematical model of a skeletal system in biomechanical research has developed into a highly reliable stage in the last few years and active research is still under way.

And kidney reflexes are a type of spinal reflex that occurs without the brain's commands and plays an important role in the human body. This phenomenon is the reaction of the kidney-stimulated skeletal muscles to shrink without brain commands to protect the muscles.

Kidney reflexes play an important role in upright posture because it maintains muscular tension by repeating muscle contraction and relaxation. It plays a role in the maintenance of life, is used in the judgment of neurological diseases, do.

However, most human models do not take into consideration the effect of the height reflex. In addition, there are relatively few researches on analytical models considering the elongation reflectance compared with the general human model.

Since most experimental studies on kidney reflex were performed for the purpose of treating patients with rigidity, it is necessary to develop a muscle activity model based on kidney reflexes for healthy adults.

In addition, the method of predicting the existing muscle activity requires a comparatively long time since the muscle strength is to be interpreted on the off-line with the data obtained through the experiment, and the existing muscle strength analysis method must be preceded by the experiment Therefore, there are many limitations in terms of cost and time.

Patent Registration No. 10-1114138

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for estimating muscle activity according to extension reflection, And to provide a method for analyzing muscle activity.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of analyzing muscular activity for elongation reflection includes calculating a muscle length and a contraction rate (SlO) for obtaining a length and a contraction rate of a muscle affected by stretch reflexes; A step (S20) of non-dimensionizing the muscle length and the contraction speed of the muscle obtained in the calculating step (S10) of the muscle length; A weight calculating step (S30) of obtaining a weight weight by determining the ratio of the nearest muscle in the muscle affected by the kidney reflex, determining the weight weight by grasping the ratio of the muscle in the muscle affected by the stretch reflex; And the length of the non-dimensionalized muscle derived from the non-dimensionalization step (S20) and the contraction rate of the non-dimensionalized muscle, and the length weight and the velocity weight calculated in the weight calculation step (S30) And a muscle activity calculating step (S40) for calculating muscle activity.

The non-dimensioning step S20 includes a threshold value calculation step S21 for calculating a threshold value for the muscle length and a threshold value for the muscle contraction rate; Dividing the length of the muscle into a limit value for the length of the muscle (S22); And dividing the muscle contraction rate into a threshold value for the muscle contraction rate (S23).

The threshold value calculation step S21 is characterized by calculating a threshold value for the muscle length and a threshold value for the muscle contraction rate by the following equation.

은 근육의 길이에 대한 한계 값이고,

는 근육의 수축속도에 대한 한계 값이고,

및

는 실험 대상에 따라 가변되는 변수이고,

은 근육이 최대 힘을 낼 수 있는 최대 근력길이이며,

는 근육의 최대 수축속도이다.here,

Is the limit value for the length of the muscle,

Is the limit value for the contraction rate of the muscle,

And

Is a variable that varies according to the subject of the experiment,

Is the maximum muscle strength at which the muscle can exert maximum force,

Is the maximum contraction rate of the muscle.

및

는 실험대상의 성별, 나이 또는 질환의 유무에 따라 달라지는 것을 특징으로 한다.remind

And

Is characterized by being varied depending on the sex, age, or absence of the disease.

The muscle activity calculating step S40 may be performed by calculating a length value of the non-dimensionalized muscle in the non-dimensioning step S20 and a length calculation value calculated in the weight calculating step S30 to calculate the muscle activity of the near side Step S41; A second calculation step (S42) of calculating the muscle activity of the fasted muscle by calculating the shrinkage rate value of the non-dimensionalized muscle in the non-dimensionalization step (S20) and the speed weight calculated in the weight calculation step (S30); And a third calculation step (S43) of calculating a muscle activity by adding the calculated values to the first calculation step and the second calculation step.

The muscle activity calculating step S40 is characterized in that the muscle activity is calculated by the following formula.

는 근 활성도이고,

은 길이 가중치이고,

는 속도 가중치이고,

는 근육의 길이이고,

는 근육의 수축속도이고,

은 근육의 길이에 대한 한계 값이고,

는 근육의 수축속도에 대한 한계 값이며,

및

는 실험 대상에 따라 가변 되는 변수이고,

은 근육이 최대 힘을 낼 수 있는 최대 근력길이며,

는 근육의 최대 수축속도이다.here,

Is a muscle activity,

Is a length weight,

Is a speed weight,

Is the length of the muscle,

Is the contraction rate of the muscle,

Is the limit value for the length of the muscle,

Is the limiting value for the rate of muscle contraction,

And

Is a variable that varies according to the subject of the experiment,

Is the maximum muscle strength that the muscle can exert the maximum force,

Is the maximum contraction rate of the muscle.

)는 신장반사에 영향을 받는 근육 중 지근의 비율을 보정상수(

)로 나눈 값이고, 상기 속도 가중치(

)는 신장반사에 영향을 받는 근육 중 속근의 비율을 보정상수(

)로 나눈 값인 것을 특징으로 한다.The length weight (

) Is the ratio of the nearest muscle to the corrected constant (

), And the velocity weight value (

) Is the ratio of the muscle to the muscle that is affected by the kidney reflex

). ≪ / RTI >

는 상기 근 활성도

가 0 이상이고, 1 이하의 값을 가지게 하는 값인 것을 특징으로 한다.The correction constant

The muscle activity

Is 0 or more and 1 or less.

및 상기

는 상기 수학 식에 의해 산출된 근 활성도

를 이용하여 산출된 무릎의 각도변화와 실험을 통해 측정된 무릎의 각도변화가 같아지는 값인 것을 특징으로 한다.remind

And

Is the muscle activity calculated by the above equation

And the angle of the knee measured through the experiment is equal to the change of the angle of the knee.

According to the present invention, it is possible to make analytical prediction of muscular activity and muscle strength due to stretch reflexes, and to calculate the muscle activity, the muscle length and speed are made non-dimensional, , And error in the analysis of muscle activity due to elongation reflection can be reduced.

In addition, since it is possible to predict and analyze the muscle activity according to the elongation reflection without using the EMG signal by the experiment, it is possible to shorten the time required to predict the muscle activity, It is possible.

1 shows a musculoskeletal model for an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a flowchart of a method of analyzing muscle activity for elongation reflection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a detailed flowchart of the dimensionless step according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a detailed flowchart of a step of obtaining muscle activity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram comparing an angle change of a knee predicted using Equation 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention and an angle change of a knee measured through a pendulum experiment. FIG.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a predicted value of muscle activity causing the angle change of the knee shown in Fig. 5; Fig.
FIG. 7 is a view showing the angular velocity of the measured leg and the EMG signal measured through an experiment to verify the result of the muscle activity prediction shown in FIG. 6; FIG.

It is to be understood that the words or words used in the present specification and claims are not to be construed in a conventional or dictionary sense and that the inventor can properly define the concept of a term to describe its invention in the best way And should be construed in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, various equivalents It should be understood that water and variations may be present. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Generally, when analyzing the motion of a human body, the muscle activity used as the input of the Hill type muscle model is determined through the optimization process or post-processing of EMG (Electromyogram) signal measured through the experiment.

However, in the embodiment of the present invention, a method capable of predicting the muscle activity without deriving the EMG experiment by deriving a formula for predicting the muscle activity in order to predict the effect of the extension reflection on the human body.

In the embodiment of the present invention, muscular strength and muscle activity were predicted using the muscle activity model for the patellar tendon reflex, which is a typical example of the elongation reflection as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the method for analyzing muscular activity for elongation reflection according to an embodiment of the present invention includes calculating a muscle length and a contraction rate (S10) for obtaining a muscle length and a contraction rate, ; A step (S20) of non-dimensionizing the muscle length and the contraction speed of the muscle obtained in the calculating step (S10) of the muscle length; A weight calculating step (S30) of obtaining a weight weight by determining the ratio of the nearest muscle in the muscle affected by the kidney reflex, determining the weight weight by grasping the ratio of the muscle in the muscle affected by the stretch reflex; And the length of the non-dimensionalized muscle derived from the non-dimensionalization step (S20) and the contraction rate of the non-dimensionalized muscle, and the length weight and the velocity weight calculated in the weight calculation step (S30) And a muscle activity calculating step (S40) for calculating muscle activity.

Muscles consist of a root and a right leg, where the near side is closely related to the muscle length corresponding to the static state of the muscle.

Since the abdominal muscles are mainly used for a momentary exercise with great moment and the kidney reflexes also reflexively contract muscles to generate large muscular force at a faster speed than conscious exercise, There is a close relationship.

, 근육의 수축속도는

로 나타낸다.Accordingly, the muscle length and contraction speed calculation step S10 is a step of obtaining the muscle length and the contraction speed of the muscle, and in the embodiment of the present invention,

, Muscle contraction rate

Respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the dimensionless step S20, the dimensionless step S20 includes a threshold value calculation step S21 for calculating a threshold value for the muscle length and a threshold value for the muscle contraction rate ); Dividing the length of the muscle into a limit value for the length of the muscle (S22); And a muscle velocity non-dimensionalization step (S23) of dividing the muscle contraction rate to a threshold value for the muscle contraction rate.

Here, the threshold value for the muscle length can be calculated by the following equation (1).

은 근육의 길이에 대한 한계 값이고,

는 실험 대상에 따라 가변 되는 변수이고,

은 근육이 최대 힘을 낼 수 있는 최대근력길이이다.here,

Is the limit value for the length of the muscle,

Is a variable that varies according to the subject of the experiment,

Is the maximum muscle strength at which the muscle can exert maximum force.

The threshold value for the contraction rate of the muscle can be calculated by the following equation (2).

는 근육의 수축속도에 대한 한계 값이고,

는 실험 대상에 따라 가변 되는 변수이고,

는 근육의 최대수축속도이다.here,

Is the limit value for the contraction rate of the muscle,

Is a variable that varies according to the subject of the experiment,

Is the maximum contraction rate of the muscle.

)를 상기 근육의 길이에 대한 한계 값 (

)로 나누고, 상기 근육의 수축속도 (

)를 상기 근육의 수축속도에 대한 한계 값 (

)로 나누면 상기 근육의 길이 및 근육의 수축속도가 무차원화 될 수 있다.Therefore, the length of the muscle (

) To the limit value of the muscle length (

), And the contraction rate of the muscle

) To the limit value for the contraction rate of the muscle

), The length of the muscle and the rate of contraction of the muscle may become non-dimensional.

및

는 실험 대상의 연령, 성별 또는 질환의 유무 등으로 달라질 수 있다.Here,

And

May vary depending on the age, sex, or absence of the disease or the like.

The weight calculation step S30 for calculating the weight weight by determining the ratio of the nearest point among the muscles affected by the kidney reflex and determining the weight weight by determining the ratio of the right atrium among the muscles affected by the kidney reflection, Wherein the length weight can be calculated from the ratio of the nearest in the muscle affected by the stretch reflex and the speed weight can be calculated from the ratio of the muscle fasting affected by the stretch reflex.

, 상기 속도 가중치를

로 나타낼 수 있다.In the embodiment of the present invention,

, The speed weight

.

The muscle activity calculating step S40 is a step of calculating the muscle activity of the near side in the non-dimensionalizing step S20 by calculating the length value of the non-dimensionalized muscle and the length weight calculated in the weight calculating step S30 Calculation step S41; A second calculation step (S42) of calculating the muscle activity of the fasted muscle by calculating the shrinkage rate value of the non-dimensionalized muscle in the non-dimensionalization step (S20) and the speed weight calculated in the weight calculation step (S30); And a third calculation step (S43) of calculating a muscle activity by adding the calculated values to the first calculation step and the second calculation step.

Accordingly, the following equation (3) is used to analyze the muscle activity due to the elongation reflection.

는 근 활성도 또는 근 활성도의 이득(gain)이다.here,

Is the gain of muscle activity or muscle activity.

은 길이 가중치이고,

는 속도 가중치이고,

는 근육의 길이이고,

는 근육의 수축속도이고,

은 근육의 길이에 대한 한계 값이고,

는 근육의 수축속도에 대한 한계 값이며,

및

는 실험 대상에 따라 가변 되는 변수이고,

은 최대근력길이이고,

는 최대수축속도이다.

Is a length weight,

Is a speed weight,

Is the length of the muscle,

Is the contraction rate of the muscle,

Is the limit value for the length of the muscle,

Is the limiting value for the rate of muscle contraction,

And

Is a variable that varies according to the subject of the experiment,

Is the maximum muscle strength length,

Is the maximum contraction rate.

, 근육의 수축속도

, 최대근력길이

, 최대수축속도

는 근육마다 달라지는 값이다. For reference, the length of the muscle

, Muscle contraction rate

, Maximum muscle strength

, Maximum contraction rate

Is a value that varies from muscle to muscle.

)는 신장반사에 영향을 받는 근육 중 지근의 비율을 보정상수(

)로 나눈 값이고, 상기 속도 가중치(

)는 신장반사에 영향을 받는 근육 중 속근의 비율을 보정상수(

)로 나눈 값이다.The length weight (

) Is the ratio of the nearest muscle to the corrected constant (

), And the velocity weight value (

) Is the ratio of the muscle to the muscle that is affected by the kidney reflex

).

)는 [수학식 3]에 따른 근 활성도(

)가 0 이상이고, 1 이하인 값을 가지게 하는 값이다.Here, the correction constant (

) Is the muscle activity according to Equation (3)

) Is 0 or more and has a value of 1 or less.

,

는 [수학식 3]에 따른 근 활성도를 이용하여 구한 무릎의 각도와 실험을 통해 측정한 무릎의 각도가 같아지는 값으로 결정될 수 있다.In the above equations (1) and (2)

,

Can be determined as a value at which the angle of the knee obtained by using the muscle activity according to Equation (3) is equal to the angle of the knee measured through the experiment.

Table 1 below provides an illustration of the ratio of muscles affected by the patellar tendon reflex during renal reflexes, the ratio of muscle to muscle nearest muscle, maximum muscle length, maximum rate of contraction, and variables depending on the subject .

Muscle name Persistence: fasting

(m/s)

(m / s)

(m)

,

Hamstring 0.55: 0.45 0.3353 0.1108 0.80 / 0.20 Vasti 0.48: 0.52 0.5584 0.0857 0.80 / 0.20 Recutus Femoris 0.45: 0.55 0.5645 0.084 0.60 / 0.20

The muscle activity according to the elongation reflection can be calculated by substituting the unique information of each muscle described in Table 1 into the equation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

)을 다음 [수학식 4]와 같이 표현되는 힐 타입(Hill type) 운동방정식에 EMG신호 대신 입력하여 신장반사에 따른 무릎의 각도 및 정강이뼈의 각가속도 등을 예측할 수 있다.Therefore, the muscle activity calculated in the above-mentioned formula (1)

) Can be inputted instead of the EMG signal in the Hill type motion equation expressed by the following equation (4), so that the angle of the knee and the angular velocity of the shin bone according to the extension reflection can be predicted.

는 무릎중심점에 대한 종아리와 발로 구성된 강체의 관성모멘트,

는 종아리와 발로 구성된 강체의 각가속도,

은 종아리와 발의 무게,

은 무릎에서 종아리와 발의 무게중심까지의 거리,

은 중력가속도,

은 무릎의 각도,

는 종아리의 도선과 종아리와 발의 무게중심 사이의 각도,

는 본 발명의 실시 예의 수학 식에서 산출된 근 활성도인 근육(슬개건)의 수축력이며,

는 슬개건에 걸리는 힘의 모멘트 팔길이이다.In Equation (4)

Is the moment of inertia of the body composed of the calf and feet with respect to the center of knee,

The angular acceleration of the body composed of the calf and the foot,

The calf and the weight of the foot,

The distance from the calf to the center of gravity in the knee,

Is the gravitational acceleration,

The angle of the knee,

Is the angle between the line of the calf and the center of gravity of the calf and the foot,

Is the contraction force of the muscle (patellar tendon), which is the muscle activity calculated in the equation of the embodiment of the present invention,

Is the moment arm length of the force applied to the patellar tendon.

FIG. 5 is a graph comparing an angle change of a knee predicted using Equation 3 and an angle change of a knee measured through a pendulum experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of calculation of muscle activity according to an angle change using Equation 3. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing pendulum test results for verifying muscle activity and kinematics information predicted through analysis. FIG. 7 shows results of measurement of EMG signals of femur muscles according to a pendulum test and angular velocity of calf.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, it can be seen that the angle of the knee predicted through the analysis coincides with the angle of the knee measured through the pendulum test. Further, Of the EMG signal measured by the pendulum experiment is similar to that of the EMG signal measured by the pendulum experiment.

In particular, with respect to the results according to FIG. 7, the paper He, Stretch Reflex Sensitivity: Effects of Postural and Muscle Length Changes, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON REHABILITATION ENGINEERING, Vol. 6, NO. 2 and JUNE 1998 show similar results.

Accordingly, the method of analyzing muscle activity for elongation reflection according to an embodiment of the present invention can enable analytical prediction of muscular activity and muscle strength due to stretch reflex.

In calculating the muscle activity value, since the length and the velocity of the muscle are made non-dimensional by considering the length and the speed of the muscle, the error of the muscle activity analysis can be reduced.

In addition, since it is possible to predict and analyze the muscle activity according to the elongation reflection without using the EMG signal by the experiment, the time required for estimating the muscle activity can be shortened.

In addition, it is possible to predict and analyze the activity of muscles in healthy adults.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed, and will be fully understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions, modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the present invention, and it is obvious that those parts easily changeable by those skilled in the art are included in the scope of the present invention .

S10: Muscle length and contraction rate calculation step
S20: No dimensioning step
S30: Weight calculation step
S40: muscle active value calculating step

Claims (9)

A muscle length and a contraction speed calculating step (SlO) for obtaining the length and contraction speed of the muscle affected by the elongation reflection;
A step (S20) of non-dimensionizing the muscle length and the contraction speed of the muscle obtained in the calculating step (S10) of the muscle length;
A weight calculating step (S30) of obtaining a weight weight by determining the ratio of the nearest muscle in the muscle affected by the kidney reflex, determining the weight weight by grasping the ratio of the muscle in the muscle affected by the stretch reflex; And
The length of the non-dimensionalized muscle derived from the non-dimensionalization step (S20), the contraction rate of the non-dimensionalized muscle, and the length weight and speed weight calculated in the weight calculation step (S30) A muscle activity calculating step (S40) for calculating an activity;
/ RTI > and a method for analyzing muscle activity for elongation reflection. The method according to claim 1,
The non-dimensioning step S20 includes a threshold value calculation step S21 for calculating a threshold value for the muscle length and a threshold value for the muscle contraction rate;
Dividing the length of the muscle into a limit value for the length of the muscle (S22); And
Dividing the muscle contraction rate into a threshold value for the muscle contraction rate (S23);
Wherein the method comprises the steps of: 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the threshold value calculation step S21 calculates a threshold value for the muscle length and a threshold value for the contraction rate of the muscle by the following equation.

here,

Is the limit value for the length of the muscle,

Is the limit value for the contraction rate of the muscle,

And

Is a variable that varies according to the subject of the experiment,

Is the maximum muscle strength that the muscle can exert the maximum force,

Is the maximum contraction rate of the muscle. The method of claim 3,
remind

And

Characterized in that the test subject is different depending on the sex, age, or absence of the subject of the test subject. The method according to claim 1,
The muscle activity calculating step S40 may be performed by calculating a length value of the non-dimensionalized muscle in the non-dimensioning step S20 and a length calculation value calculated in the weight calculating step S30 to calculate the muscle activity of the near side Step S41;
A second calculation step (S42) of calculating the muscle activity of the fasted muscle by calculating the shrinkage rate value of the non-dimensionalized muscle in the non-dimensionalization step (S20) and the speed weight calculated in the weight calculation step (S30); And
And calculating a muscle activity by adding the calculated values to the first calculation step and the second calculation step (S43). 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Wherein the muscle activity calculating step (S40) calculates the muscle activity by the following equation.

here,

Is a muscle activity,

Is a length weight,

Is a speed weight,

Is the length of the muscle,

Is the contraction rate of the muscle,

Is the limit value for the length of the muscle,

Is the limiting value for the rate of muscle contraction,

And

Is a variable that varies according to the subject of the experiment,

Is the maximum muscle strength that the muscle can exert the maximum force,

Is the maximum contraction rate of the muscle. The method according to claim 6,
The length weight (

) Is the ratio of the nearest muscle to the corrected constant (

), And the velocity weight value (

) Is the ratio of the muscle to the muscle that is affected by the kidney reflex

). ≪ / RTI > 8. The method of claim 7,
The correction constant

The muscle activity

Is a value that is 0 or more and has a value of 1 or less. The method according to claim 6,
remind

And

Is the muscle activity calculated by the above equation

Wherein the angle change of the knee measured through the experiment is equal to the angle change of the knee measured by the experiment.

Images