KR101557820B1 - a method manufacturing the coal briquet using half carbide of EFB(empty fruit bunch) - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of coal briquette using half-carbide of palm byproducts, capable of molding as coal briquette with high viscosity while not polluting an environment, having short ignition time, and improving instant calorie due to short combustion time, by using palm byproducts (palm tree fruit, palm tree stem, palm tree, etc.) comprising a palm fruit discarded after collecting oil with half-carbonized half-carbide and a binder (starch), and water and tar generated in a carbonizing process for binder mixing.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coal using a semi-carbide of a by-product of a palm by using a method of manufacturing a coal briquet using an empty fruit bunch (EFB)

The present invention relates to a method for producing a pellet which is obtained by mixing powder of a palm by-product (palm tree fruit, palm tree stem, palm tree, etc.) containing palm fruit which is discarded after oil is collected and a binder with starch To a method of manufacturing a molded coal using a semi-carbide of a by-product of a palm, which is configured to shorten the burning time and increase the instantaneous calorific value.

The present invention relates to a process for cutting off palm by-products (hereinafter referred to as "by-products") having a humidity of 50 to 65%, a process for crushing the by-products, a process for drying the crushed by-products at a drying rate of 95% A process of firstly separating tar and water, a process of supplying dried by-products in a fixed amount, a process of first pulverizing the dried palm by-product at 100 to 150 mesh, a step of pulverizing the palm by- 250 to 350 占 폚), semi-carbonization at a carbonization rate of 50% in the carbonization process, secondary separation of tar and water in the carbonization of the carbonization chamber, separation of toxic substances, A process of forming a carbide having a drying rate of 100% in a carbonizer, a process of cooling a carbide to a normal temperature, a process of forming a fine powder of 100 to 150 mesh by secondly pulverizing the cooled carbide, The binder (starch) is mixed Mixing 3 to 5% by weight of the binder with respect to the carbide, mixing 4 to 7% by weight of water with respect to the mixture and stirring the mixture, extruding the kneaded carbide in a molding machine to form pellets, And drying the molded pellets. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-1326223 (Method of manufacturing molded carbon using palm waste, hereinafter referred to as cited invention) is disclosed in the prior art of the applicant of the present invention.

The cited invention is constituted as a technique relating to a method for producing a carbide using palm waste to make a 100% carbide by using palm waste and to produce a blast furnace using the carbide as described in the publication.

Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a pulp wastes, which comprises a process of pulverizing palm waste (hereinafter referred to as waste), a process of pulverizing the pulverized waste, a pulverizing process of supplying pulverized waste in a fixed amount, A step of supplying the dried waste in a predetermined amount, a step of carbonizing the dried waste supplied in a fixed amount at a high temperature (250 to 450 ° C), a step of cooling the carbonized carbonized by high temperature, A process of mixing a binder with a carbide, a process of supplying a carbide mixed with a binder in a fixed amount, a process of molding the mixed carbide to be supplied in a fixed amount, a process of separating the formed formed carbon, The method comprising the steps of: (a)

Since the binder of the cited invention is constituted to use tar generated in the carbonization process and the tar is composed of a combustible oily substance, even if the carbon powder and the tar are mixed and the water is mixed, the physical properties There is a problem that the solidity of the molded briquette is high and the productivity is low even when it is molded into a pellet (briquette) shape.

In the cited invention, the carbonization time for constituting activated carbon at a temperature of 250 to 450 ° C is 30 to 120 minutes for carbonization of the palm waste, which causes a problem that the production amount per unit is lowered.

In addition, since the carbide constituted by the cited invention is composed of activated carbon, there is a problem that it can not be rapidly burned, and since the burning time is long, the burning rate per hour is low and the thermal energy per unit is low.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a pellet (pellet) comprising the step of mixing starch and half powder of palm by-product (palm tree fruit, palm tree stem, palm tree, etc.) Noodle shape), and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a molded coal using a semi-carbide of a by-product which is easy to burn.

The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the carbonization time and the thermal energy by half-carbonizing the by-product of the palm.

The present invention aims to form a semi-carbide by an extrusion method to strengthen the strength of the pellet to prevent the pellet from being broken.

The by-product of the present invention is a by-product composed of palm tree fruit and palm tree trunk.

Palm by-product is a by-product of extracting oil from the pulp of the fruit, and the palm tree trunk is the tree trunk where the palm tree fruit was fixed.

The palm trunks are mostly composed of fibers.

All of the byproducts of the palm will be treated regardless of the drying rate in the cutting process of the present invention.

The by-product of the farm is cut to a length of 100 to 150 mm using a cutting machine.

The crushed palm by-products are crushed to a length of 40 to 60 mm using a crusher.

The crushed palm by-products are dried at a temperature of 150 to 250 ° C. to dry at a drying rate of 95% in order to keep the carbonized state of the carbide satisfactorily.

The palm byproduct is configured to heat indirectly.

The dryer is composed of two layers, the inner chamber is housed in the inner chamber and dried by rotation, and the inner chamber of the palm by-product is dried for 10 to 20 minutes while passing between the outer chamber and the inner chamber through high temperature .

A screw is formed in the inner chamber wall of the dryer so that the palm byproduct of the inner chamber can be discharged while moving in the rotating direction of the inner chamber.

During the drying process, the volatilized steam and tar are separated and the steam is liquefied to water and the tar is liquefied and transferred to a refining apparatus (not shown).

First, crush dried palm byproducts at a drying rate of 90% to 100-150 mesh.

The by-product of the pulverized 100 to 150 mesh is configured to transfer the by-product of the palm to the carbonizer in a fixed amount.

Since the by-product of the palm is made of fibrous material when pulverizing the by-product of the palm, when the fine pulverization is performed with a powder having a particle size of 100 to 150 mesh or more, the pulverization time and the abrasion of the pulverizer are increased. Do.

The fine pulverization of the dried by-product of the above-mentioned pulp is intended to reduce the carbonization time of the by-product of the palm in the carbonization cycle.

The carburetor is configured to have the same structure as that of the dryer, and is configured to have a double chamber inside and outside, and to provide heat to the inner chamber by providing hot air of high temperature (250 to 350 ° C) between the inside and the outside chamber, The chamber is configured to rotate, and a screw is formed on the inner wall of the inner chamber so that the by-product of the palm is carbonized while moving along the screw in the rotating direction of the inner chamber.

The dryer is configured to use the waste heat of the carbonizer, and the waste heat of the dryer is circulated to the combustion chamber to reduce heat loss.

The carbonation process of the byproducts of the carbon which is carbonized while passing through the carbonization machine allows the carbonization time and the carbonization temperature to be controlled by visually identifying the semi-carbonization state of the by-product of the farm.

Since the semi-carbonated by-product of carbonization in the carbonization process is not easily mixed with the binder due to the fiber, the semi-carbonated by-product of the pellets is secondly finely ground to 150-200 mesh.

The secondary pulverization is intended to solve the problem that when the fiber is mixed with the binder in the state that the fiber is maintained, the blend ratio is irregular due to the fiber, thereby breaking the molded by-product of the mill.

Allow the semi-carbonised by-product of the carbur to cool to room temperature (35-45 ° C) at high temperature (250-350 ° C).

And the screw conveyor for conveying the by-product of the palm is cooled to pass through the cooling water jacket when cooling the semi-carbonated by-product of the high temperature.

The cooled semi-carbonated by-product is configured to mix with the binder (starch).

3 to 5% by weight of the binder is mixed with the by-carbonized by-product of the palm by-product, and 4 to 7% by weight of water is mixed with the by-product of the palm and the binder.

The agitated semi-carbonized by-product is compressed at high pressure and passed through a molding machine to form a pellet (noodle shape).

In the present invention, the first and second pulverization are performed in order to reduce the carbonization time of the by-product of the pulp, and the second pulverization can easily mix with the binder, and the pellet- So that it can be maintained.

The present invention can be used as a clean energy in which a molded carbon formed by semi-carbonization of a by-product of a palm and constituting a binder with starch is used as clean energy, and since the carbide constituting the above-mentioned shaped coal constitutes half-carbonization, the amount of heat required for carbonization can be reduced by half Since the carbonization can be performed quickly, the productivity of the carbide can be increased, and the carbonized material can be burned quickly, so that a high calorific value per unit can be obtained.

1 is a process block diagram of the present invention
2 is a block diagram of an apparatus for implementing the present invention.

The present invention relates to a method for improving the mucilage property by mixing powder of a palm by-product (palm tree fruit, palm tree trunk, palm tree, etc.) containing a palm fruit which is discarded after oil is collected and a binder with starch, The present invention is configured to provide a method of manufacturing a molded coal using a semi-carbide of a by-product of a pellet, which can be formed into pellets and has a short burning time and can increase the amount of instantaneous heat.

Figure 1 illustrates the process of the present invention.

Figure 2 illustrates an apparatus for performing a process.

The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and photographs.

The present invention relates to a process for cutting a by-product of a palm (hereinafter referred to as a by-product) in a cutter 11, crushing a by-product of the cut palm in a crusher 12, Drying the dried product by firstly separating the tar and water in the drying process, supplying the dried by-product in a fixed amount, and drying the dried product by-product in the primary pulverizer (14a) at 30 to 50 mesh A step of carbonizing the crushed palm byproducts at a high temperature (250 to 350 ° C) in the carbonizer (15), a step of semi-carbonizing the crushed palm byproduct at a carbonization rate of 50% in the carbonization step, A process of separating and separating tar and moisture from each other in a process of carbonization, a process of forming a carbide having a drying rate of 100% in the carbonizer (15), a process of cooling the carbide to a normal temperature in the cooler (16) Is pulverized in a secondary pulverizer (14b) to obtain fine particles of 50 to 100 mesh A step of mixing the cooled fine powder and a binder (starch), and a binder of 3 to 5 wt% based on the weight of the carbide, mixing 4 to 7 wt% of water with respect to the mixture, ), A step of extruding the kneaded carbide in a molding machine (19) to form a molded bell (21) in a pellet shape, and a step of drying the molded pellet, So that it is possible to implement a method of manufacturing a molded coal.

The process of cutting the by-product of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the by-product) is a process of cutting the by-product of the palm and cutting the by-product of the palm while protecting the cutter 11, and the by-product of the palm is cut to a length of 100 to 150 mm It is a process that is composed.

The process of crushing the crushed by-products of the crusher 12 is such that the crusher 12 rotates at a different speed and the crusher can be crushed while tearing off the crushed by-products. The crusher 12 has a length of 40 to 60 mm Which is constructed so as to be crushed.

In the drying process of the present invention, the crushed palm by-product is formed in the dryer 13 to be dried at a temperature of 150 to 250 ° C. for 20 minutes to dry at a drying rate of 95%.

The dryer 13 is configured to dry using indirect heat, and the dryer 13 is configured to receive the palm by-product and to dry and discharge it in the rotating direction for 20 minutes while rotating.

In the process of primary separation of tar and water in the drying process, since the by-product of the palm is dried in a biological state, the water vapor and tar are volatilized in the drying process. The steam and tar are separated and liquefied to purify the tar The water is configured to be used to mix the carbide of the palm byproduct with the binder.

The dryer 13 is constructed to be double and configured to house the by-product of the palm in the inner chamber 22b and to be dried while being rotated. A high temperature (150 to 250 ° C) is provided between the outer chamber 22a and the inner chamber 22b, And the drying of the by-product of the palm.

The by-product of the palm introduced into the dryer 13 by the rotation of the dryer 13 is configured to pass through for about 20 minutes.

The time during which the by-product of the palm passes through the dryer (13) is configured to control the drying temperature and the drying time according to the drying condition of the by-product of the palm.

The pulverization process of the present invention is a process in which the by-product of the dried palm in the dryer 13 is first crushed to a size of 30 to 50 mesh in the crusher 14b.

As shown in the photograph 3 in the course of the primary pulverization as described above, the pulp by-product pulverized in the pulverizer 14b is formed in a cotton-like shape due to the fiber.

The carbonization process of the present invention is a process in which the by-product of the pulverized product 30 to 50 mesh is transferred to the carbonization unit 15 so as to be carbonized.

The carbonizer 15 is composed of an inner chamber 22b and an outer chamber 22a so that the pulverized palm byproducts flow into the inner chamber 22b and the inner chamber 22b that receives the by- In the direction of rotation.

(250-350 [deg.] C) is provided outside the inner chamber 22b to indirectly heat it.

As described above, the cotton-like palm by-products contained in the inner chamber 22b constitute a state in which heat can pass therethrough, so carbonization can be quickly realized.

When the by-product of the carbonization of the carbonization unit 15 is carbonized, the rotation speed and the heating temperature of the carbonization unit 15 can be set so that carbonization can be carried out only to about half as shown in Photo 6.

When the heating temperature of the carbonizer (15) is 250 to 350 占 폚, the time for the palm by-product to pass through the carbonizer (15) in the form of semi-carbonization is 15 to 30 minutes.

When the heating temperature is 350 ° C, the time for the by-product of the palm to pass through the carbonizer 15 is 15 minutes. When the heating temperature is 250 ° C, the time when the palm by-product passes through the carbonizer 15 Is set to 30 minutes.

The half-carbonization time of the by-product of the present invention is characterized in that half of the conventional carbonization time can be achieved.

And the by-product of the carbon that is carbonized and discharged as described above is cooled to room temperature.

The cooling of the semi-carbide to be carbonized is to realize the durability of the crusher 14b when crushing the semi-carbide.

The cooling process is configured to cool the discharged half-carbide through the cooling water jacket 19.

As shown in the photograph 6, the carbonized by-product of the palm has a problem in that even if the agitator 17 is used, it can not be uniformly mixed when it is mixed with the binder as it is because the fiber remains intact.

The semi-carbide thus cooled is secondarily pulverized and pulverized into a size of 50 to 100 mesh.

3 to 5% by weight of the binder (starch) based on the crushed semi-carbide is mixed and stirred to uniformly mix the semi-carbide and the binder.

And 4 to 7% by weight of water is mixed and stirred with respect to the mixture of the binder and the semi-carbide.

The mixture in the wet state is formed to be extruded through the compression molding machine 18 as described above.

During the molding process, the mixture is molded and discharged at a pressure of 10 kg / cm 2.

The mixture extruded at a high pressure as described above is configured to be extruded in the form of a solid pellet and to be molded while being molded in a thickness of 5 to 10 mm.

Since the mixture is extruded at a high pressure as described above, the extruded pellets are formed to maintain a good dry state by forming a high temperature of 60 to 80 DEG C while rubbing against the wall of the molding.

Example

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings.

The sample used in the examples of the present invention is carried out with stem of palm fruit.

The present invention improves the invention of Patent No. 10-1326223 (method of manufacturing molded carbon using palm waste, hereinafter referred to as a cited invention) and can carbonize at low temperature, , It is easy to ignite the fibers remaining in the carbonized carbide in half, so that it can be quickly ignited and burned to save time, so that a large amount of molded coal can be burned per hour, so that the half-carbide of the by- And to a method for producing a molded coal.

In the process of the cited invention, since the by-product of the palm is carbonized at high temperature to be composed of activated carbon, the activated carbon has a problem that it can not be quickly ignited when it is burned, and the burning time is long, There is a problem that waste water generated in the drying and carbonization process pollutes the environment.

The piled sample (palm fruit stem) is transferred to the cutter 11 by a conveyor and the sample is transferred to the rotary cutter 25a of the cutter 11 and the fixed cutter 24).

Picture 1

The cut sample is conveyed to the crusher 12 through the screw conveyor 23a and crushed as shown in Photographs 2 and 3 at a length of 40 to 60 mm in the crusher 12.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sample is crushed while passing through the crusher 12, and the two rotary cutters 25b and 25c of the crusher 12 The sample is torn at the cutters 25b and 25c of the crusher 12 and crushed as shown in photographs 2 and 3 with different rotation speeds.

Picture 2

Picture 3

When the sample is crushed as described above, the structure of the sample is torn to facilitate the drying of the sample.

The crushed sample is conveyed to the dryer 13 through the screw conveyor 23b and the sample of the dryer 13 is dried to a drying rate of 95% at a high temperature of 150 to 250 ° C.

2, the sample is composed of two chambers 22a and 22b so that the sample flowing into the inner chamber 22b is configured to move by rotation of the inner chamber 22b, A conveyor screw 23c is formed on the inner wall of the chamber 22b so that the sample of the inner chamber 22b moves in the rotating direction of the inner chamber 22b when the inner chamber 22b is rotated.

A high temperature hot air of 150 to 250 ° C passes between the inner chamber 22b and the outer chamber 22a while passing between the inner chamber 22b and the outer chamber 22a while indirectly providing a high temperature to the inner chamber 22b, And dried.

The moisture and tar generated during the drying of the sample are separated as described above.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sample dried at a drying rate of 95% as described above is first pulverized into 30 to 50 mesh while passing through the rotary cutters 25d and 25e of the first mill 14a, And crushed in the same shape.

Picture 4

Crushing the dried sample as described above is intended to facilitate carbonization.

The sample pulverized into 30 to 50 mesh as described above is conveyed through the screw conveyor 23d to the carbonizer 15 configured as shown in Fig.

The carburetor 15 is constituted by a dual chamber as shown in FIG. 2 and the sample flowing into the inner chamber 22b is configured to move by the rotation of the inner chamber 22b, and the inner chamber 22b and the outer High temperature hot air of 250 to 350 占 폚 flows between the chambers 22a and passes between the inner chamber 22b and the outer chamber 22a to indirectly provide the inner chamber 22a with high heat to half-carbonize the sample.

As described above, the semi-carbonized sample in the carbonizer 15 is discharged by the operation of the screw conveyor 23e formed in the inner chamber 22b of the carbonizer 15, so that the carbonized material .

Picture 5

The moisture and tar generated during the carbonization process are separated as described above.

The semi-carbonized carbide in the carbonizer 15 is cooled while passing through the cooler 16 through the screw conveyor 23f.

When the semi-carbide is cooled to room temperature, the semi-carbide is cooled to room temperature while passing through the cooling water jacket 19 as shown in Fig.

The semi-carbide cooled to room temperature is secondarily pulverized into 50 to 100 meshes while passing through the rotary cutters 25f and 25g of the second crusher 14b shown in Fig.

Picture 6

The secondary crushed semi-carbide is conveyed to the agitator 17 by a screw conveyor 23g to be mixed with a binder composed of starch.

The binder may be tar derived from carbonization of the by-product of the palm.

The binder may be a mixture of starch and a binder.

The secondary crushed semi-carbide is mixed with the binder composed of starch while passing through the agitator 17.

Exceptively, the binder may be tar derived from the sample carbonization of the present invention.

The binder is mixed at a ratio of 3 to 5% by weight based on the weight of the carbide to form a mixture.

4 to 6% by weight of water is mixed with the mixture and stirred to form a mixture to form moisture.

The mixture is compressed at a high pressure of 10 kg / cm 2 by the operation of a screw conveyor 23h in a molding machine 18 as shown in FIG. 2 to form pellets having the same shape as a noodle, Thereby forming the molded body 21 in the same shape.

Picture 7

A comparison was made between a conventional briquette composed of the activated carbon and the briquette formed in Example 1 using the half-carbide according to the present invention.

Experiment 1

Table 1 compares briquettes made of 100% carbonized activated carbon and 50% briquetted semi-carbide (21).

Sample (kg) Activated carbon Half-carbide Remarks Carburization rate (%) 100 50 Binder Mixing Ratio (%) 3.5 3.5 Humidity(%) 6.5 6.8 Ignition time (sec) 10 5 Burning time (min) 30 18 Calories (Kcal / kg) 4,567 5,235 Condition of sample Briquette (kg) Ferret (㎏)

As shown in Table 1, the activated carbon in the sample constitutes 100% carbonized carbide.

The unit of sample was 1 kg in weight.

The condition of the sample is that the activated carbon is formed from briquettes, and the semi-carbide shaped coal 21 is made from noodle-shaped pellets.

Half carbides in the sample consist of only 50% carbonized carbides.

Each of the binders used starch.

Tar and palm oil, which are generated in the starch external carbonization process, can be used.

The humidity of the briquettes (21) using activated carbons and semi-carbides was found to be almost the same.

The ignition time of the briquettes 21 using the activated carbons is faster than the ignition time of the briquetted carbons using activated carbon of 10 seconds in terms of sec (sec) Able to know.

It can be seen that the combustion time of 1 kg of activated carbon is 30 minutes.

It can be seen that the combustion time of 1 kg of semi-carbide briquetted coal is 18 minutes.

Therefore, it can be seen that the combustion of the semi-carbide-formed coal 21 is quicker than the activated carbon of the same weight.

Since the briquettes 21 made of a semi-carbide as described above are burnt in a short time, the amount of combustion of the briquetted semi-carburetor 21 becomes larger at the same time.

Comparing the calorific value of the activated carbon shaped coal in Table 1 with the calorific value of the semi-carbide molded carburetor 21 shows a large difference in the same amount of calorific value of the semi-carbide shaped coal 21 and when calculated in terms of the combustion time, The amount of heat is greatly increased.

11: cutter 12: crusher
13: dryer 14: grinder (a, b)
15: half-carbonizer 16: cooler
17: stirrer 18: molding machine
19: Jacket 21: Molded carbon
(A, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)
24: fixed cutter 25: rotary cutter (a, b, c, d, e,

Claims (6)

delete delete A step of cutting the by-product of the palm (hereinafter, referred to as a by-product), a step of crushing the by-product, a step of drying the crushed by-product, a step of firstly separating the tar and water in the drying process, A step of firstly pulverizing the dry palm byproducts, a step of carbonizing the pulverized palm by-products at a high temperature, a step of separating the tar and moisture from the tar and separating the harmful substances during the carbonization process, A step of cooling the carbide to room temperature, a step of forming a fine powder by secondary pulverization of the cooled carbide, a step of mixing the cooled fine powder and the binder, and a step of mixing the binder of 3 to 5 wt% Mixing and agitating 4 to 7% by weight of water with respect to the mixture, and extruding and agitating the agitated carbide to form pellets. In the step of carbonizing the by-product of the palm, Wherein the rotary cutters 25b and 25c of the crushing process are configured to have different rotating speeds so that the crushing of the crushing product is broken during the crushing process Wherein the drying of the molded coal is carried out using a by-product of the palm. delete delete delete

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