KR101543282B1 - Heat recovery apparatus using fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace and, more specifically, to a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace, wherein costs for maintenance and management are reduced by increasing the recovery efficiency of heat radiating from the gasification melting furnace, preventing the moving path of water for heat exchange from being exposed to corrosive synthesis gas, thereby increasing durability and corrosion resistance. The heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to the present invention comprises: a gasification melting furnace for receiving waste and generating and discharging synthesis gas and slag via gasification; a preheating part arranged on the gasification melting furnace to allow water supplied from the outside to pass while being isolated from the synthesis gas, and converting the water into hot water or steam using the heat of the gasification melting furnace and discharging the hot water or steam; and a waste heat recovery boiler for recovering for recovering waste heat by receiving the hot water or steam discharged from the preheating part.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace,

The present invention relates to a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace, and more particularly, to a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace configured to enhance the recovery efficiency of heat released from a gasification melting furnace.

Generally, the gasification technology is a technique of producing a synthesis gas containing CO and H ₂ by endothermic reaction of carbon in fuel by using partial oxidation heat and CO ₂ and H ₂ O.

Gasification equipment using such gasification technology is being developed variously according to the type of fuel or oxidizer and the purpose of use.

A conventional gasifier is disclosed in Korean Patent No. 10-1204756 entitled " Integrated Pyrolysis and Gasification Combustion Boiler Device for Solid Fuel Products ". The present invention relates to a combustion boiler apparatus for burning a solid fuel and burning gasification / pyrolysis gas by burning a solid fuel, the combustion boiler having a conical shape having a stepped outer circumference and a combustion chamber, , The upper part of the combustion chamber, and the heat recovery means for performing the boiler function are installed in the exhaust port to increase the utilization ratio of the thermal energy and to separate and assemble the rotary grate in which the solid fuel is burned. It is a pyrolysis and gasification integrated combustion boiler device of a solid fuel product.

Such conventional technology allows the solid fuel product to be introduced and gasified through the fractionation bed gasifier, and the heat is recovered by burning the gas in the integrated combustion boiler.

Another technique for a conventional gasifier is Korean Patent No. 10-1218976 entitled " Gasification Apparatus for Combining Power Generation and Combustion Boiler with Variable Gasifier " A variable gasifier which is supplied with fuel of coal, biomass, RDF (refuse derived fuel), and RPF (Refuse Plastic Fuel) and is varied so as to perform upflow or downflow gasification depending on the purpose of use; A purifier for purifying the syngas produced in the variable gasifier; A supply controller for controlling the supply direction of the purified syngas in the purifier; And a combustion boiler and a gas engine driven by selectively supplying synthesis gas by the supply controller.

Another such prior art is dealing with a system for the recovery of energy (heat) from air gasification to supply power, heating water and hot water.

However, the conventional waste gasification system is restricted to use the arrangement after boiler and gas engine connection after burning using syngas for recovering heat, and there is a limit to increase the heat recovery efficiency, and the boiler has a corrosive synthesis And it has a problem of causing durability such as corrosion due to exposure to gas.

Also, in the gasification technology of the related art, the heat recovery boiler has a problem that it is difficult to increase the efficiency of heat recovery, either by burning the produced syngas or by using the arrangement generated at the rear end by applying the gas engine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the recovery efficiency of heat radiated from the gasification melting furnace, to prevent the passage of water for heat exchange from being exposed to corrosive syngas to improve durability and corrosion resistance, And management costs.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gasification melting furnace for generating and discharging a syngas and a slack by being supplied with waste and gasifying the gasification furnace; A preheating unit provided in the gasification melting furnace so that water supplied from the outside is separated from the syngas and passes through the gasification furnace to convert water into hot water or steam by the heat of the gasification melting furnace, And a waste heat recovery boiler for receiving hot water or steam discharged from the preheater and recovering waste heat. The present invention also provides a heat recovery apparatus using the fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace.

The gasification furnace includes a waste supply unit for supplying waste to the inside; A syngas reforming unit provided at an upper portion of the waste supply unit and having a reforming burner for reforming syngas; A discharge port provided at an upper portion of the syngas reforming unit for discharging syngas; A waste reaction unit provided under the waste supply unit for gasification reaction of the waste; And a slack homogenizing furnace for homogenizing the slack at a lower portion of the waste reacting portion.

Wherein the preheater comprises: a first heat exchanger provided inside the slack homogenizer; A second heat exchange unit provided inside the waste reaction unit to be connected to the first heat exchange unit; A third heat exchange unit provided inside the syngas reforming unit to be connected to the second heat exchange unit; And a fourth heat exchange unit provided inside the discharge port to be connected to the third heat exchange unit.

The first heat exchanging unit, the second heat exchanging unit, and the fourth heat exchanging unit may be made of a water-cooled coil wound inside the refractory.

The third heat exchanger may include a sub-assembly provided inside the refractory to surround the inner space at the lower end of the syngas reformer and connected to the second heat exchanger; An upper collecting tank provided inside the refractory so as to be positioned around the inner space at the upper end of the syngas reforming unit and connected to the fourth heat exchanging unit; And a water pipe provided inside the refractory to connect the subset tank and the upper tank, and a plurality of water tubes arranged at intervals along the circumference of the internal space.

The synthesis gas reforming section may include a plurality of reforming burners provided around the reforming burner, and the reforming burner is disposed so as to be inclined in the radial direction, so that the flame to be injected can be turned in the internal space.

And a refining facility for refining the syngas discharged from the gasification melting furnace.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gasification furnace for performing gasification of waste; And a preheating unit for converting the water supplied from the outside into the gasification furnace to be converted into hot water or steam by heat exchange while being separated from the syngas, and being discharged from the gasification furnace, is provided in the heat recovery apparatus using the fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace .

The preheating unit may include a water-cooling coil or a water pipe installed inside the refractory of the gasification melting furnace.

According to the present invention, a preheating portion, which is a passage for water for heat exchange, is provided in the gasification melting furnace to recover the waste heat of the syngas generated in the gasification melting furnace to the maximum to be utilized as hot water or steam, The heat recovery efficiency can be increased by using it as the supply water of the boiler.

According to the present invention, there is a risk of corrosion when the preheating part is directly exposed to the synthesis gas because of the presence of the corrosive gas in the synthesis gas. However, since the preheating part itself is inserted into the refractory material and is not exposed to the synthesis gas, durability and corrosion resistance are improved Maintenance and management costs can be reduced.

1 is a schematic view showing a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a side cross-sectional view showing a gasification melting furnace and a preheating section of a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a gasification melter of a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to one embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a plan view showing a gasification melting furnace of a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to one embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the following embodiments can be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

1 is a schematic view showing a heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, a heat recovery apparatus 10 using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a gasification melting furnace 100 for performing gasification of waste, And the preheating unit 200 is provided with a preheating unit 200 for converting water to heat or steam by heat exchange and discharging the warm water or steam. The hot water or steam discharged from the preheating unit 200 is used for recovering waste heat. (300).

The gasification furnace 100 receives waste and generates and discharges syngas and slag by gasification. For this purpose, for example, a waste supply unit 110 for supplying waste to the inside of the gasification furnace 100, A syngas reforming unit 120 provided at an upper portion of the syngas reforming unit 120 and provided with a reforming burner 121 for generating heat by flame by injecting fuel, A waste reaction part 140 provided for the gasification reaction of the waste at the lower part of the waste supply part 110 and a discharge part 130 provided at the lower part of the waste reaction part 140 And a slack homogenizing furnace 150 provided for homogenization of the slack. In addition, the gasification furnace 100 may be provided with an auxiliary fuel supply means and a pure oxygen supply means together with or in addition to the reforming burner 121.

The waste reacting unit 140 may be formed to be perpendicular to the waste supply unit 110 so that the slack homogenizing furnace 150 is orthogonal. In addition, the slack homogenizing furnace 150 may be formed to be horizontal, and a slack outlet 151 for discharging the slack may be provided at a lower portion thereof. The gasification melting furnace 100 may be provided with refractories 111, 123, 131, 141 and 152 in order to block the heat emission due to heat insulation or heat storage.

The waste supply unit 110 is supplied with wastes generated in the workplace or the home so as to be gasified in the gasification melting furnace 100 to produce a syngas. Waste from workplaces or the home may generally include solid wastes or liquid wastes. When the waste supplied through the waste supply unit 110 produces synthesis gas in the gasification melting furnace 100, the minerals contained in the waste are melted and generated as slack, and the slack discharge port 151 is discharged through the slack homogenization furnace 150 , Which makes it possible to utilize the slack.

The main components of the syngas produced through gasification in the gasification melting furnace 100 are CO, H ₂ , and include some contaminants such as dust, HCl, HCN, NH ₃ , and H ₂ S. In particular, when the temperature of the synthesis gas reformer 120 is low, a large amount of CH ₄ can be included in the synthesis gas. In order to convert the synthesis gas into a chemical raw material, it is necessary to maintain a certain level of quality. To this end, the synthesis gas reforming unit 120 should be reformed with pure CO and H ₂ without CH ₄ . Therefore, the syngas discharged from the gasification melting furnace 100 is purified by the refining facility 400 so that it can be used as a chemical raw material. The refining facility 400 includes a rapid cooling tower 410 for rapidly cooling the synthesis gas using a refrigerant circulation system, a water cooling system, a cooling cycle system, or the like, and a syngas cooled by the rapid cooling tower 410 And a desulfurization cleaning tower 430 for removing sulfur components from the syngas neutralized by the neutralization scrubbing tower 420. The synthesis gas discharged from the desulfurization scrubber 430 A storage tank 500 may be provided.

The gasification melting furnace 100 can operate at about 1,300 to 1,500 DEG C depending on the target wastes. The waste heat recovery boiler 300 installed at the rear end of the gasification melting furnace 100 may recover the waste heat from the hot water or steam of the preheating unit 200 (shown in FIG. 2), recover the waste heat by receiving the synthesis gas , In which case the temperature of the incoming syngas may be between 1,200 and 1,300 ° C.

As shown in FIG. 2, the preheater 200 is provided so that water supplied from the outside to the gasification melting furnace 100 is isolated from the synthesis gas and passes through the gasification melting furnace 100, To be discharged.

The preheating unit 200 may include a water cooling coil or a water tube installed inside the refractory of the gasification melting furnace 100 as in the present embodiment. For example, the preheating unit 200 may include a first heat exchange unit A second heat exchange unit 220 installed in the waste reaction unit 140 to be connected to the first heat exchange unit 210 and a second heat exchange unit 220 connected to the second heat exchange unit 220, And a fourth heat exchanging unit 240 provided in the discharge port 130 to be connected to the third heat exchanging unit 230. The third heat exchanging unit 230 may include a third heat exchanging unit 230, Water for conversion into hot water or steam is heated by heat exchange with the gasification melting furnace 100 by sequentially passing through the first to fourth heat exchanging units 210, 220, 230 and 240.

The first heat exchanging part 210, the second heat exchanging part 220 and the fourth heat exchanging part 240 may be made of a water cooling coil wound inside the refractory 152, 141, 131.

3 and 4, the third heat exchanging part 230 is provided inside the refractory 123 so as to be positioned around the inner space 122 at the lower end of the syngas reforming part 120, A lower collecting tank 231 connected to the heat exchanging unit 220 by a pipe or the like and a lower collecting tank 231 provided inside the refractory 123 to be positioned around the inner space 122 at the upper end of the syngas reforming unit 120, An upper collecting tank 232 connected to the heat exchanging unit 240 by a pipe or the like and a lower collecting tank 231 provided inside the refractory 123 to connect the lower collecting tank 231 and the upper collecting tank 232, And a plurality of water tubes 233 spaced along the circumference of the water tube 233. The water to be supplied to the water tube 233 or the water that has passed through the water tube 233 is mixed and collected in the lower collecting tank 231 and the upper collecting tank 232 to increase the heat exchange efficiency, By increasing the heat exchanging area, it is possible to rapidly heat the water.

The water pipe 233 is provided inside the refractory 123 to be heat-recoverable so that the water can be converted into hot water or steam by utilizing the heat dissipation. The hot water or steam is supplied to the waste heat recovery boiler 300 The efficiency of the waste heat recovery boiler 300 can be increased.

The waste heat recovery boiler 300 (shown in FIG. 1) is supplied with hot water or steam discharged from the preheating unit 200, for example, the fourth heat exchanging unit 240, to recover waste heat. Also, a pressure controller 310 may be installed to supply the hot water or steam to the waste heat recovery boiler 300 or to control the pressure to prevent a pressure rise at the front end thereof.

4, the syngas reforming unit 120 may be provided with a plurality of reforming burners 121 around the reforming burner 121 so that the reforming burners 121 are inclined with respect to the radial direction r And the inclined angle? With respect to the radial direction r so that the flame to be injected can be swirled in the inner space 122 so that a strong flow field is formed and the waste is smoothly reformed into syngas can do.

According to the heat recovery apparatus 10 using the fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to the present invention, the preheating unit 200 is installed in the gasification melting furnace 100 to maximize the waste heat of the syngas generated in the gasification melting furnace 100 The heat recovery efficiency can be increased by passing the duct through the duct at the rear end of the existing waste heat recovery boiler in the case of the existing waste heat recovery boiler. However, heat recovery efficiency is utilized as the supply water of the waste heat recovery boiler 300, .

Further, according to the heat recovery apparatus 10 using the fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace according to the present invention, since the syngas such as H ₂ S and HCl is present in the syngas, when the preheater 200 is directly exposed to the syngas, However, since the preheating part 200 itself is inserted into the refractory 123 and is not exposed to the syngas, the durability and corrosion resistance can be increased, and the cost required for maintenance and management can be reduced.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is.

100: Gasification melting furnace 110: Waste supply part
111: Refractory 120: Synthetic gas reforming part
121: reforming burner 122: inner space
123: Refractory 130: Outlet
131: refractory 140: waste reaction part
141: refractory 150: slack homogenization furnace
151: Slack outlet 152: Refractory
200: preheating part 210: first heat exchanging part
220: second heat exchanger 230: third heat exchanger
231: Subset set 232: Upsetting set
233: water tube 240: fourth heat exchanger
300: waste heat recovery boiler 310: pressure controller
400: refining facility 410: rapid cooling tower
420: Neutral cleansing tower 430: Desulfurization cleansing tower
500: Storage tank

Claims (9)

A gasification melting furnace for supplying and discharging syngas and slack by gasification and supplying waste;
A preheating unit provided in the gasification melting furnace so that water supplied from the outside is separated from the syngas and passes through the gasification furnace to convert water into hot water or steam by the heat of the gasification melting furnace, And
And a waste heat recovery boiler for receiving hot water or steam discharged from the preheater and recovering waste heat,
The gasification-
A waste supply unit for supplying the waste to the inside;
A waste reaction unit provided under the waste supply unit for gasification reaction of the waste; And
And a slack homogenizing furnace for homogenizing the slack at a lower portion of the waste reacting portion,
The pre-
A first heat exchanger provided inside the slack homogenizer;
Wherein the fixed-bed waste gasification furnace comprises a fixed-bed waste gasification furnace. The method according to claim 1,
The gasification-
A syngas reforming unit provided at an upper portion of the waste supply unit and having a reforming burner for reforming syngas; And
A discharge port provided at an upper portion of the syngas reforming unit for discharging syngas;
Further comprising a heat recovery unit for recovering heat from the gasification furnace. The method of claim 2,
The pre-
A second heat exchange unit provided inside the waste reaction unit to be connected to the first heat exchange unit;
A third heat exchange unit provided inside the syngas reforming unit to be connected to the second heat exchange unit; And
A fourth heat exchange unit provided inside the discharge port to be connected to the third heat exchange unit;
Further comprising a heat recovery unit for recovering heat from the gasification furnace. The method of claim 3,
The first heat exchanging unit, the second heat exchanging unit, and the fourth heat exchanging unit,
A heat recovery apparatus using a fixed bed waste gasification melting furnace comprising a water cooling coil wound inside a refractory. The method according to claim 3 or 4,
Wherein the third heat exchanger comprises:
A sub-assembly provided inside the refractory to be positioned along the inner space around the lower end of the syngas reformer and connected to the second heat exchanger;
An upper collecting tank provided inside the refractory so as to be positioned around the inner space at the upper end of the syngas reforming unit and connected to the fourth heat exchanging unit; And
A plurality of water tubes arranged inside the refractory to connect the sub-set and the upper collecting tank, the water tubes being spaced apart from each other along the periphery of the inner space;
Wherein the fixed bed waste gasification furnace comprises a fixed bed waste gasification furnace. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the syngas reformer comprises:
Wherein a plurality of reforming burners are provided in a circumferential direction and the reforming burners are disposed so as to be inclined in the radial direction so that the flames to be injected are swirled in the internal space. The method according to claim 1,
And a refining facility for refining the syngas discharged from the gasification melting furnace. delete delete

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