KR101537752B1 - Method for paving road using inorganic binder - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for paving a road using top soil in the pertinent region, aggregates, and wood chips as aggregates for paving the road when constructing any eco-friendly road around us such as hiking trails in national parks, Dulle-Gil trails, roads around temples, walks in urban parks, exclusive roads for bicycles or the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to an eco-friendly method for paving a road using a non-cement non-resin inorganic binder which maintains the unique texture of used aggregates such as soil, avoids damaging the natural scenery, controls the passing vehicles, has a proper water permeability, and causes no damage to the surrounding environment and no secondary wastes after use.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly road packaging method using a non-cemented and non-

The present invention relates to a method for constructing all environmentally friendly roads such as a national park trail, a Dulay road, a temple road, a city park park walkway, a bicycle exclusive road, etc., More particularly, the present invention relates to a road pavement method using a pavement, and more particularly, it is possible to maintain the texture unique to the materials used such as soil, aggregate, wood chips, etc., The present invention also relates to an environmentally friendly road pavement method using a non-cemented and non-resin inorganic binder which does not cause damage to surrounding environment and secondary waste after use.

Presently, it is important to protect the natural scenery, such as the national park trail, the Dullegil road, the road around the temple, the urban park park promenade, the bike road, etc. The most important thing in our living environment is cement roads, resin binder roads, There are serious concerns about the destruction of the surrounding environment and the secondary environmental pollution due to the various structures that have been constructed.

Cement roads and structures have been studied variously to prevent and reduce the cement toxicity not only of widely known pH and heavy metal leaching but also of cold radiation effect of the structure itself.

Resin and plastic road pavements and structures have been introduced and applied to various eco-friendly materials that solve their problems to some extent according to the progress of related material technology. However, beyond the harmfulness of the material itself, It is a representative petrochemical-based material lacking affinity with the natural environment system.

In addition to the road packaging methods described above, preservation treated wood, cement or various plastic-based structures, which are inevitably treated only by using toxic chemicals, are also used around such living environments, so that further environmental destruction concerns are also serious It is a well-known fact.

All of the above cases are concerns about natural environment, and the worry about environmental destruction is as much as the preservation and destruction of ecological environment.

It is common that all living environments in our environment are destructed by all equipments that are constructed to pursue convenience and comfort of human beings. No matter how environmentally friendly materials and methods are used, their impact on the destruction and ecosystem is absolutely negligible.

Therefore, the roads and various structures around our living environment where the protection of the natural scenery and the environmental friendliness are most important, such as the national park trail, the Dulay road, the road around the temple, the urban park park promenade, The materials that existed are preserved as much as possible as they are, and the materials that originally existed in the place other than the ecosystem materials brought in from the outside, the natural environment protection and the ecological environment preservation technology, The application of complex eco-technology has become very serious.

Korean Patent No. 10-0882888

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that when building all the environment friendly roads such as a national park trail, a Dulay road, a temple road, a city park walkway, a bicycle road, etc., The present invention relates to a road pavement method using aggregates and wood chips as aggregates for road pavement. More particularly, the present invention relates to a road pavement method using soil materials such as soil Environment in which a non-cementitious and non-resin inorganic binder is applied, which has the capability of permeating the vehicle without causing damage to the natural landscape as much as possible, has adequate permeability, Friendly road pavement method.

The object of the present invention to solve the above problems is to provide a method for separating and separating mixed aggregate by collecting topsoil and surrounding soil that are present in a construction site, A lower layer construction step of compacting the mixed aggregate to a thickness of 100 mm; A barrier block construction step of installing a barrier block for separating the packaging surface on the upper surface of the lower layer portion; Wherein the surface layer comprises 30-40 wt% of a mixture of magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, 15-30 wt% of calcium aluminosilicate, 5-10 wt% of aluminum chloride, 5-10 wt% of phosphate, 5-10 wt% of calcium sulfate, 20 to 30% by weight of magnesium chloride, and 0.5 to 2% by weight of sodium silicate; And a surface layer construction step in which the mixture is installed in the boundary stone inside the boundary stone.

The surface layer material may be any one selected from a topsoil, a wood chip, and an aggregate, and a color pigment may be added to the mixture of the surface layer material and the inorganic binder. .

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According to the present invention, the carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) value emitted during the manufacturing process of the present non-cementitious and non-resin inorganic binders made of the road paving binder is about 1/2 value It is a very low carbon product because it is only 500g or less. At the same time, it has high strength and permeability suitable for vehicle traffic without damaging the scenery as natural as possible. It is possible to construct the most environmentally friendly pavement pavement which is free from the occurrence of the problem.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a flow diagram of an overall construction method and process according to the present invention.
FIG. 1B is a diagram of a proposed design and a 3D model of a mobile mixer capable of directly mixing packing materials of the present invention at a construction site. FIG.
FIG. 2A is a photograph of a concrete road pavement application test site for the actual application and confirmation experiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2B is a photograph of a concrete application test of the wood chip packaging starting site for the practical application and confirmation experiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2c is a photograph of a concrete application test of a high permeability pavement starting site using coarse aggregate for practical application and confirmation experiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2d is a photograph showing a specific application of the application of the inorganic pigment and the various natural aggregates for the color application of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below can be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

The embodiments of the present invention are provided to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention.

FIG. 1A is a flow chart of the entire construction method and process according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a proposed design drawing and a 3D model view of a movable mixer capable of directly mixing packaging materials of the present invention at a construction site.

1A, the present invention is to develop a comprehensive composite eco-friendly technology for paving the most environmentally friendly pavement, combining various non-cementitious and non-resin mineral binders with inorganic binder and a small amount of The present invention relates to a road paving process technique in which water is mixed only and is then easily applied by a conventional road paving process (preparation for preparation - compounding - laying and compaction - curing), followed by wet curing at room temperature for a certain period of time.

Here, the mineral binder is an inorganic binder, and the mineral includes metallic elements such as Ca, Ma, Fe, Zn, and Cu.

In the art of the present invention, the non-cementitious and non-resin inorganic binders include 30 to 40% by weight of a Mg (OH) 2 .Ca (OH) 2 mixture and 15 to 30% by weight of calcium aluminosilicate , 5 to 10 wt% of aluminum chloride, 5 to 10 wt% of phosphoric acid, 5 to 10 wt% of calcium sulfate, 20 to 30 wt% of magnesium chloride and 0.5 to 2 wt% of sodium silicate. More specifically, (Pozzolanic reaction) when mixed with water and metal and nonmetallic powders, which is prepared by mixing functional powder such as dolomite extract, granulated blast furnace slag, water-soluble aluminum chloride, phosphate, magnesium chloride fertilizer, The hydration reaction of CaO and MgO components in the calcined dolomite and the Ca (OH) 2 and Mg (OH) 2 components produced by the hydration reaction of the calcined dolomite with the amorphous nano silica and alumina components It is a new substance that exerts a binder-binding function like general cement by eventually ion-reacting individually and reacting with magnesium chloride to generate three-component or four-component materials.

Further, the added gypsum gypsum reacts with the blast furnace slag and aluminum chloride to produce an insoluble compound of calcium sulfoaluminate on the surface and inside, and the phosphate is a magnesium secondary product, such as 5 (Mg3 (OH) 5Cl4H2O) It inhibits the transverse growth of the morphology of the product and plays a role of greatly improving the water resistance of the product by generating a morphology such as a hexagonal plate shape. That is, it inhibits 5 (Mg3 (OH) 5Cl4H2O) from reacting with water to form a hydroxide.

In addition, in the morphology form, there is a problem that the needle shape (needle shape) which is a product of 5 (Mg3 (OH) 5Cl · 4H2O) changes into hydroxide through hydration reaction in contact with water, It changes into an insoluble substance which does not react even when it is in contact with water and keeps its crystal phase as it is.

Sodium silicoate was added to improve the short-term water resistance maintenance and weatherability of the road pavement material, and was used to impart water resistance to the joint structure not possessed by conventional inorganic binders. This was used to protect the interior of the pavement composition from invasion of moisture or infiltration of groundwater during the room temperature curing period of the early road packaging material, and to prevent concentration dilution by water on the surface.

The characteristics of sodium silicoate can be expressed from day 1, and the dosage is suitably in the range of 0.5 to 2%. Outside this range, there is a problem that the desired waterproof property can not be obtained or the strength development is inhibited.

The mixture of magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide is suitably 30 to 40% by weight. If it is used in an amount of less than 30% by weight, the bonding force is lowered, which is not suitable as a required soil pavement material.

The calcium aluminum silicate is preferably used in an amount of 15 to 30% by weight. If it is used in an amount of less than 15% by weight, it is difficult to produce secondary products as desired by reacting with the gypsum to be added because the amorphous nanosilica and alumina components are insufficient, and it is difficult to improve the water resistance. If more than 30% by weight is used, Reaction particles exist inside and outside, and the binding force is lowered because it interferes with the ionic reaction between calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.

The amount of aluminum chloride used is suitably from 5 to 10% by weight, and if it exceeds this range, the physical properties of the packaging material to be designed can not be expressed.

The addition amount of the phosphate is suitably from 5 to 10% by weight, and if it is out of this range, there arises a problem in controlling the shape of the secondary product and imparting water resistance.

Calcium sulfate generally includes semi-gypsum, diatomaceous gypsum, anhydrous gypsum, phosphate-based gypsum compounds, and semi-gypsum gypsum is used in this study. The amount of the semi-gypsum used is suitably from 5 to 10% by weight. When the amount of the gypsum is less than the above range, insoluble calcium sulfoaluminate, which is a secondary product to be obtained in the present invention, is not produced or excessive calcium sulfate aluminate It can be inhibited.

Magnesium chloride is generally referred to as magnesium chloride and magnesium chloride reacts with magnesium hydroxide in the composition to produce magnesium oxychloride, which is the main bonding product of the present composition, and the content of 20 to 30 wt% A strong binding force can not be exhibited. When the amount is less than 20% by weight, sufficient magnesium hydroxide / magnesium chloride hydrate can not be formed. Therefore, the compressive strength can not be attained. When the amount is more than 30% by weight, the amount of other compositions used for complementary use decreases. And the like.

On the other hand, when the amount of the inorganic binder used is less than 10% by weight, the designed bonding strength can not be exhibited, so that it can not serve as a packaging material, while 30 to 90% by weight of the surface layer material is mixed with 10 to 30% If it is added in an amount of not less than 1% by weight, the strength development performance is excellent, but it is too hard to increase the fatigue on walking, and the cost increases and the competitive power deteriorates. In addition, if the amount of binder used is increased, the function as a natural soil packaging material is deteriorated.

When these inorganic binders are applied with various environmentally friendly aggregates and inorganic binders required for each application site, durability such as anti-freeze is excellent and pH value is in a range of 8-10 It is proved to be a new soil pavement technology with the lowest environmental hazard.

Comparing the compressive strengths of simple pastes, the inorganic binder paste exhibits high physical properties as high as about 150 MPa, compared to 65 MPa in general Portland cement. Compressive strength values of about 8 MPa or more can be expected when blending 10% by weight of binder with respect to roe aggregate.

Of course, it has been confirmed through various experiments that if the thickness of the pavement is increased to 20 cm or more and the binder content is increased to about 30% or more, a compressive strength value of 30 MPa or more,

According to the above-described elementary technologies, the environmentally friendly road pavement method using the non-cementitious and non-resin inorganic binders can maintain the texture unique to the used aggregate such as soil, It will be a comprehensive and eco-friendly technology that builds the most environmentally friendly pavement that has high strength and permeability that is as high as possible, and does not cause damage to surrounding natural environment, ecological environment and secondary waste after use.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 2A is an actual photograph of a starting site which is packed using the soil of the topsoil existing in the construction site as it is to confirm the efficiency of the present invention.

First, the overall process of the present embodiment will be described. Based on the basic process shown in FIG. 1A, the topsoil of the site is uniformly sampled at a depth of 200 mm, and then the settlement supporting force for the ground layer is fully examined.

As a result, it was found that the construction site for the present example is composed of high quality soil and rock, which do not require special ground balls, and the lower layer and surface layer processes were performed directly without additional ground.

As described above, the lower layer of the present site was directly separated and separated from the topsoil collected from the ground and the surrounding soil to a size of 100 mm under appropriate moisture content without any binder mixture.

Then, using the upper part of the lower layer surface, we used the commonly used clay block as shown in the photograph, and set up a boundary stone for the pavement side.

Finally, based on the basic process shown in FIG. 1A, the construction of the surface layer is adjusted to 15 to 18% of the total water content in consideration of the water content of the topsoil raw material at the time of construction, and 10% Were mixed uniformly in the field and then laid down to a thickness of 100 mm. The compaction installation used a 1 ton class movable roller. After one day, they were covered with vinyl to prevent people from approaching, and they provided sufficient wet curing process conditions to proceed slowly.

As shown in the photograph shown in FIG. 2A, the topsoil packaging layer according to the present embodiment constructed as described above had no feeling of separation from the surrounding topsoil immediately after the construction, It was a very harmonious and friendly atmosphere.

On the other hand, the physical properties of the pavement samples taken from the site four weeks after the construction were measured, the water absorption rate was 20%, the bending strength was 3.8 N / mm 2, and the compressive strength value was 12.8 MPa.

Therefore, according to the results of the treatment according to the present embodiment, the topsoil pavement according to the embodiment of the present invention is disadvantageous in that the durability against the surface friction is slightly deteriorated due to various particle size distribution characteristics of the uneven surface topsoil. In addition, it can not be used as a deficiency factor due to natural rainfall. It is very easy to access on site, has excellent material procurement characteristics, is easy to maintain, and has excellent walkability and conservativeness. Friendly roads such as national parks trails, Dulles roads, temple roads, urban park park trails, bicycle roads, etc., in view of their superior physical properties and their uniqueness with other process technologies. It is judged that it is the most suitable packaging technique in a place where a demand is required.

The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out, except that only 30% by weight of the inorganic binders on the basis of the weight of the surface layer and the on-site topsoil were collected. As a result, the physical properties of the pavement samples collected from the site after 4 weeks after the construction showed that the water absorption rate was 10% or less, the flexural strength was 10 MPa, and the compressive strength value was 45 MPa.

FIG. 2B is a photograph showing the actual state of the wood chip packaging starting site packed using the topsoil and the wood chips existing at the construction site, to confirm the efficiency of the present invention.

First, the entire process of the present embodiment will be described. The same process as in Example 1 was carried out on the basis of the basic process shown in FIG. 1A.

Particularly, as described above, the bottom aggregate of 40 mm or less was directly separated and separated from the topsoil collected from the underground and the surrounding soil as described above, and then compacted to a thickness of 100 mm under appropriate moisture content without any binder mixture. And to maximize the effect of preserving the ecosystem in the field.

Then, using the upper part of the lower layer surface, the boundary block for dividing the pavement surface was established by the same method using the clay block which is commonly used as shown in the photograph.

Finally, based on the basic process shown in FIG. 1A, the construction of the surface layer is adjusted to a total moisture content of 10% in consideration of the water content of the wood chip raw material at the time of construction, and only inorganic binders and wood chips of 15% After mixing uniformly in the field, the compaction was installed to a thickness of 100 mm.

The compaction installation used a 1 ton class movable roller. After one day, they were covered with vinyl to prevent people from approaching, and they provided sufficient wet curing process conditions to proceed slowly.

On the other hand, if it is difficult to directly install the wood chips on the site or if the wood chips are supplied from outside, it is also possible to manufacture the packing layer in a predetermined size in a factory and prefabricate it in the field.

The wood chip packaging layer according to the present embodiment as constructed above exhibits a smooth texture as if the texture of the packaging layer is as a wood chip immediately upon construction as shown in the photograph shown in FIG. 2B, and the packaging layer has no glare Friendly atmosphere and has a very harmonious and friendly atmosphere with the surrounding environment.

On the other hand, the physical properties of the pavement samples collected from the site four weeks after the construction showed a water absorption of 20%, a bending strength of 4.5 N / mm 2 or more, and a compressive strength of 8.5 MPa or more.

Accordingly, the wood chip pavement according to the embodiment of the present invention has a disadvantage in that it is a little burdensome in terms of cost when wood chips are purchased from outside, It has excellent slip prevention effect due to the self-projection of the chip, easy maintenance, easy walkability and water retention, and is excellent in terms of preservation of surrounding ecosystem and eco-friendliness. It is also considered to be a very good packaging technology in places that require construction of all eco-friendly roads around us, such as national parks trails, Dulay roads, roads around temples, urban parks, do.

The same procedure as in Example 3 was carried out except that the total water content was adjusted to 15% in the case of the surface layer construction, and compaction was carried out only for the inorganic binder of 30% by weight and the field surface soil collected. As a result, the physical properties of the pavement samples collected from the site 4 weeks after construction showed that the water absorption rate was 15% or less, the flexural strength was 13 MPa, and the compressive strength value was 24 MPa.

FIG. 2C is a specific example for confirming the efficiency of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2C, it is possible to use the middle aggregate of a few centimeters in size or the natural aggregates separately supplied, This is a real picture of the scene.

First, the overall process of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the basic process shown in FIG. 1A.

Particularly, as described above, the bottom aggregate of 40 mm or less was directly separated and separated from the topsoil collected from the underground and the surrounding soil as described above, and then compacted to a thickness of 100 mm under appropriate moisture content without any binder mixture. And to maximize the effect of preserving the ecosystem in the field. Then, using the upper part of the lower layer surface, the boundary block for dividing the pavement surface was established by the same method using the clay block which is commonly used as shown in the photograph.

However, depending on the construction site, it is possible to have a solid ground that is not necessary for the lower layer. In this case, the depth of the surface layer removal operation for the first packing layer construction may be limited to 100 mm .

Finally, based on the basic process shown in Fig. 1A, the construction of the surface layer is performed by adjusting the total water content to 7% in consideration of the adsorption water content of the aggregate raw material at the time of construction, and only the inorganic binder and aggregate of 15% After mixing uniformly in the field, the compaction was installed to a thickness of 100 mm.

The compaction installation used a 1 ton class movable roller. After one day, they were covered with vinyl to prevent people from approaching, and they provided sufficient wet curing process conditions to proceed slowly.

On the other hand, if it is difficult to install the aggregate on site or it is necessary to procure the whole from the outside due to the difficulty of site-direct construction according to the construction site, the packing layer may be pre- .

As shown in the photograph shown in FIG. 2C, the aggregate water permeable packing layer according to the present embodiment as constructed above exhibits a smooth cobbled texture of the natural layer as the texture of the packing layer immediately after the construction, Friendly environment, and the environment is very harmonious with the surrounding environment and has produced a friendly atmosphere.

On the other hand, the physical properties of the pavement samples collected from the site four weeks after the installation showed a porosity of 25% or more, a bending strength of 5.0 N / mm 2 or more, and a compressive strength value of 25 MPa or more.

Accordingly, the aggregate pavement pavement according to the embodiment of the present invention has a disadvantage in that, when the natural aggregate is purchased from outside, In addition, there is a slight disadvantage that it can be offset sufficiently by the advantage that the investment cost of the separate drainage facility is reduced. The slip prevention effect is large due to the self-projection of the natural aggregate, the maintenance is easy because there is no phenomenon in the road surface, , It is possible to realize excellent physical properties along with the above-mentioned preservation characteristics of surrounding ecosystem and the difference in processability compared with other process technologies in terms of environment friendliness. In addition, A place that requires construction of all eco-friendly roads around us, such as urban park walkways and bike paths It is judged as excellent packaging technology.

On the other hand, in the case of such a permeable road pavement, the most important technical factor is that, in the permeable water passing through the pavement layer and flowing into the surrounding ecosystem, the factors causing the second environmental pollution should not be provided from the road pavement material In view of the above, the water-borne pavement packaging technology using only the non-cementitious and non-resin natural mineral binder according to the present invention can be compared with the existing cement packing technology (including the entire base technology based on the modified cementitious pozzolanic reaction) It is a breakthrough eco-friendly new technology that has a degree of difference in terms of stability and efficiency.

In the same manner as in Example 5, compaction was carried out only for inorganic binders and aggregates of 25% by weight in the surface layer construction. As a result, physical properties of the pavement samples taken from the site after 4 weeks after the construction showed a porosity of 20% or more, a flexural strength of 8.0 N / ㎟ or more, and a compressive strength value of 40 MPa or more.

FIG. 2d is a specific example for confirming the efficiency of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2d, all kinds of packing aggregates used in Examples 1, 2 and 3 and inorganic pigments having various colors in common use with the inorganic binders according to the present invention It is an actual photograph of the starting site showing that eco-friendly non-cementitious and non-resin-based color packaging is possible according to the required characteristics of each construction site by appropriately mixing them together.

First, the entire process of the present embodiment will be basically the same as the above-described first, second, and third embodiments based on the basic process shown in FIG. 1A, except that, when the final stage surface portion is constructed, The pigments may be further mixed and laid.

On the other hand, in the case of the present color packing, the physical property measurement results of the package layer samples collected from the site four weeks after the application showed similar characteristics to those of the pavement for each aggregate described above. Were environmentally friendly inorganic pigments, and there was no concern about incidental environmental pollution.

As described above, according to the present invention, the carbon dioxide (CO2) value emitted during the manufacturing process of the present non-cementitious and non-resin inorganic binders made of the road paving binder is about 1/2 value Which is not only a low-carbon product but also a high strength and suitable permeability that can pass through the vehicle without damaging the natural scenery as much as possible. It is possible to package the most environmentally friendly soil pavement without any possibility of waste generation.

[Comparative Example 1]

The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out, except that only 5% by weight of the inorganic binder and the onsite topsoil were applied to the surface layer. As a result, the physical properties of the pavement samples collected from the site after 4 weeks after the construction showed water absorption rate of 30% or more, bending strength value of 1.5 N / ㎟ or more, and compressive strength value of 5 MPa or less.

[Comparative Example 2]

In the same manner as in Example 1, compaction was carried out for only 10% by weight Portland cement and the field surface soil collected in the surface layer. As a result, the physical properties of the pavement samples collected from the site after 4 weeks after construction showed that the water absorption rate was more than 20%, the bending strength was more than 2.0 N / ㎟, and the compressive strength was less than 6.7 MPa.

[Comparative Example 3]

In the same manner as in Example 3, compaction was carried out for only Portland cement and wood with 15% by weight in the surface layer construction. As a result, physical properties of the pavement samples collected from the site after 4 weeks after construction showed water absorption rate of 20% or more, bending strength value of 3.0 N / mm 2 or more, and compressive strength value of 3.7 MPa or less.

[Comparative Example 4]

In the same manner as in Example 5, compaction was carried out for only 15% by weight Portland cement and aggregate in the surface layer construction. As a result, physical properties of the pavement samples collected from the site after 4 weeks after construction showed water absorption rate of 20% or more, bending strength value of 3.0 N / mm 2 or more, and compressive strength value of 3.7 MPa or less.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but many variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art Modification is possible.

Claims (6)

Separating and sorting the mixed aggregate by collecting the topsoil and the surrounding soil that exist in the construction site;
A lower layer construction step of compacting the mixed aggregate to a thickness of 100 mm;
A barrier block construction step of installing a barrier block for separating the packaging surface on the upper surface of the lower layer portion;
Wherein the surface layer comprises 30-40 wt% of a mixture of magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, 15-30 wt% of calcium aluminosilicate, 5-10 wt% of aluminum chloride, 5-10 wt% of phosphate, 5-10 wt% of calcium sulfate, 20 to 30% by weight of magnesium chloride, and 0.5 to 2% by weight of sodium silicate; And
And a surface layer construction step of placing the mixture in the inside of the boundary stones. delete delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the surface layer material is any one selected from a topsoil, a wood chip, and an aggregate, and a color pigment is further added to the mixture of the surface layer material and the inorganic binder, wherein the surface layer material is mixed with 70 to 90% by weight of an inorganic binder in an amount of 10 to 30% Wherein said method comprises the steps of:

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