KR101536999B1 - Thermal balancing materials with partitions - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a flexible temperature control film which is formed by melt-depositing a phase change material (PCM) powder on a substrate having a partition area so that the phase change material is divided into space, and more particularly, To a thermostatted film which is used to control the temperature, to reduce the energy required for heating or cooling, and to add design flexibility to the installation site.

Description

Thermal balancing materials with partitions < RTI ID = 0.0 >

The present invention relates to a flexible temperature control film in which a phase change material exists by being melt-immersed in a phase change material (PCM) powder on a substrate having a partition area, and more particularly, To a temperature control film having a temperature control function, which is used to reduce the energy required for heating or cooling, and to add design flexibility according to the place of installation.

A phase change material is a material in which a phase change occurs from a liquid state to a solid or from a solid state to a liquid depending on an external temperature change. When the external temperature rises due to a latent heat effect in which heat is transferred without changing the temperature, It is a material that simultaneously realizes insulation / insulation / cooling effect by releasing heat when the outside temperature is lowered.

Conventionally used phase change materials include organic phase change materials such as paraffin oil, aliphatic oil and organic oil, and inorganic phase change materials such as mineral oil.

Such a phase change material is a material having a melting point higher than 0 ° C which is the melting point of water, and specifically, it is used variously in the fields of cooling and heating of a space for a building or a special purpose, automobile and aerospace.

Particularly, as an example of application of a phase change material to a functional garment, a phase change material in the form of microcapsules is injected into the fiber structure of a fiber to store heat generated during movement, It keeps warming effect by releasing, and it is applied to ski suit and special military uniform.

In addition, it is applied to cold clothes for workers exposed to high temperature environment, and warm clothes suitable for cold weather. It is also used as a food coating material for keeping the food cold and keeping warm.

In addition, there is an example in which a phase change material used in the NASA space suit is applied to conventional fibers and made of a functional fiber material capable of automatic temperature control. For example, A functional material is provided for applying a post-treatment to existing fibers to maintain a constant temperature by interrupting a sudden external temperature.

Conventionally, a phase change material protecting means is formed in the form of a thin pack, and a phase change material is filled therein. However, when the phase change material is used in the form of a capsule, the cost is low, , And the amount of the pure phase change material is reduced to less than 50 wt% or 65 wt% due to the material forming the capsule, which causes the inherent characteristics of the phase change material to deteriorate. In the case of using the phase change material itself, There is a problem that the phase change material leaks due to breakage of the bag, which is a protection means, at a temperature in which the substance exists in a liquid phase.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a temperature control film which can replace the conventional microcapsule and replace the role of a capsule. , It is difficult to uniformly distribute the base material such as fibers or ceramics according to the impregnation method. On the other hand, the present invention provides a temperature control film which can be uniformly distributed by filling a phase change material on a base material .

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a phase change material by additionally coating a substrate filled with a phase change material by an atomic layer deposition method, And to provide a temperature control film having flexibility to enable the temperature control film according to the present invention to be used for an outdoor cover, an indoor curtain, and the like.

The temperature control film according to the present invention

A substrate having a plurality of partition areas; And

And a phase change material filled in at least a portion of the partition regions of the substrate.

In the temperature control film according to the present invention, the partition area has a pore shape.

In the temperature controlling film according to the present invention, the base material is a method of binding a fiber aggregate through a mechanical, chemical or thermal treatment to a fibrillated fiber or fiber obtained by weaving the fiber into a mesh or net shape by weaving, A nonwoven fabric may be formed.

In addition, the substrate may include a polymer material having open pores. Preferred examples thereof include polymer materials having open pores such as polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam is prepared by mixing isocyanate as a raw material of urethane and polyol Refers to a soft or hard porous urethane in which a foaming agent is mixed with a catalyst, a surfactant, and the like, and the foaming agent is vaporized by reaction heat generated during the reaction to form a foam.

In addition, the substrate may include a metallic material substrate having open pores selected from copper mesh, aluminum mesh, or foam metal to improve durability.

In the present invention, the phase change material to be filled in the partition region may be at least one kind selected from an organic phase change material and an inorganic phase change material.

As a specific example, the organic phase change material is at least one selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons having 12 to 40 carbon atoms, acetamide, propylamide, naphthalene, stearic acid, cyanamide and ethylenediamine. Specific examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having 12 to 40 carbon atoms include paraffin, dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, nonadecane, eicosane, Acid, tetracosanic acid, pentachoic acid, hexachoic acid, heptacic acid, ditriacontane, trytrichontan, and hexatricontan.

Examples of the inorganic phase change material include KAl (SO ₄ ) ₂揃 12H ₂ O, Mg (SO ₃ ) ₂揃 6H ₂ O, SrBr ₂揃 6H ₂ O, Sr (OH) ₂揃 8H ₂ O, Ba OH) ₂ and _{8H 2 O, Al (NO 3} ) 2 and _{9H 2 O, Fe (NO 3} ) 2 and _{6H 2 O, NaCH 2 S 2} O 2 and _{5H 2 O, Ni (NO 3} ) 2 and 6H ₂ O ₂ , Na ₂ S ₂ O ₂揃 5H ₂ O, ZnSO ₄揃 7H ₂ O, CaBr ₂揃 6H ₂ O, Zn (NO ₃ ) ₂揃 6H ₂ O, Na ₂ HPO ₄揃 12H ₂ O, Na ₂ CO _3? 10H ₂ O, Na ₂ SO ₄揃 10H ₂ O, LiNO ₂揃 3H ₂ O, CaCl ₂揃 6H ₂ O, CaCO ₂揃 10H ₂ O and FeBr ₃揃 6H ₂ O.

The method of filling the phase change material is characterized in that when the phase change material powder is applied onto the porous substrate having the partition regions and the temperature is raised above the melting temperature of the phase change material, the phase change material becomes a liquid phase, There is a method of allowing the liquid to flow through the pores (partition region) by applying pressure while raising the temperature, or a method of infiltrating the liquid phase-change material into the pores (partition region).

As a preferable example, when a fibril is used as the substrate, a paraffin wax powder having a melting temperature of 49 to 52 ° C as a phase change material is applied to a partition area in a fibril fabric woven with a fiber having an average diameter of 40 to 60 μm by 60 Lt; 0 > C for 30 minutes.

When a polyurethane foam is used as the base material, a paraffin wax powder having a melting temperature of 49 to 52 DEG C as a phase change material is introduced into pores which are partition areas of a polyurethane foam having a pore size (or cell size) of 450 to 580 mu m The film may be melted and immersed at 60 DEG C for 30 minutes to prepare a temperature control film.

The temperature controlling film according to the present invention may further comprise a coating layer formed additionally on the substrate by an atomic layer deposition method.

Referring to FIG. 3, a coating layer is formed on at least one surface of the temperature control film. That is, the coating layer is formed at least on the surface of the exposed substrate and the phase change material. The coating layer may be formed of a metallic material, or a ceramic material such as an oxide, a nitride, or a carbide. Specifically, the coating layer may be formed of a ceramic material selected from oxides, nitrides, and carbides such as aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and zirconium oxide.

By forming the coating layer, the strength, durability, and the like of the temperature control film composed of the polymer material can be improved, and the usable lifetime can be improved. The coating layer is preferably formed as thin as possible. For example, the coating layer may be formed to have a thickness of 100 nm or less so that the temperature control film may have flexibility, while being formed by a method which is dense and has excellent step coverage desirable.

To this end, the coating layer may be formed using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a temperature control film having a coating layer formed using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method.

The atomic layer deposition method can densely form a thin film and has excellent step coverage, so that the coating layer formed thereon can be densely formed according to the shape of the partition region of the substrate. This atomic layer deposition process consists of one cycle of alternating chemisorption, surface reaction, and desorption of unreacted by-products between reactants, and the atomic layer can be deposited by one cycle. Further, the cycle can be repeated a plurality of times to form a coating layer having a desired thickness.

The atomic layer deposition process may include the following steps, as shown in FIG. 3, as an example:

(1) introducing a raw material precursor and adsorbing it on a substrate;

(2) desorbing by-products using purge gas and removing residual gas;

(3) supplying a reaction gas to react with a raw material precursor adsorbed on a substrate;

(4) desorbing by-products using purge gas and removing residual gas.

Further, it is also possible to form a coating layer having a desired thickness by repeating the above-mentioned steps (1) to (4) in one cycle and repeating a plurality of cycles.

In one preferred embodiment, trimethylaluminum, tris [N, N-bis (trimethylsilyl) amide] aluminum or the like is used as an aluminum precursor to form a coating layer using aluminum oxide, and oxygen gas can be used as a reaction gas, As the purge gas, argon gas can be used. In this case, after the aluminum precursor is adsorbed on the film using argon (Ar) gas as the diluting gas, the by-product is desorbed by using argon gas, the residual gas is removed, and the oxygen plasma is generated to cause the oxidation reaction with the aluminum precursor And then the unreacted by-product is desorbed by using argon gas and the residual gas is removed.

By such a process, a coating layer corresponding to the atomic layer thickness is formed, and a predetermined cycle can be repeated to form a coating layer having a predetermined thickness.

Each of the above steps can be performed for different times. For example, step (1) is performed for 0.3 to 5 seconds, step (2) is performed for 5 to 15 seconds, step (3) is performed for 1 to 10 seconds, step (4) It can be carried out for 15 seconds. The coating layer 120 may be formed to a thickness of 10 to 100 nm by repeating 100 to 1000 cycles at a reaction temperature of 100 to 300 ° C, depending on the coating thickness of the coating layer and the deposition rate (about 0.1 nm / sec). Preferably, a cycle consisting of 1 second of aluminum adsorption at 230 캜, 10 seconds of aluminum unreacted by-product desorption, 10 seconds of oxidation reaction, 3 seconds of unreacted by-product desorption, 10 seconds of unreacted by- It is possible to form an aluminum oxide thin film of about 20 nm in thickness. In addition, hydrogen (H ₂ ) gas may be simultaneously introduced together with the aluminum precursor to reduce the aluminum atom as the main component in the aluminum precursor from the aluminum precursor. On the other hand, when aluminum nitride (AlN) is applied to the coating layer, a reaction can be carried out by generating a plasma using a nitrogen-containing gas such as NH ₃ gas as a reaction gas.

The thickness of the coating layer is preferably 10 to 100 nm. If the thickness is less than 10 nm, the protective layer may not function as a protective layer. If the thickness is more than 100 nm, the deposition time is long.

The coating layer may be formed using a metal material having a high melting point such as tungsten or titanium in addition to the ceramic material.

The temperature control film according to the present invention may be provided in the form of a laminated film comprising a plurality of layers of the temperature control film according to the present invention.

In order to further improve the performance of the temperature control film, when the films are laminated and processed into a laminated film, the total amount of the phase change material increases, thereby increasing the latent heat capacity.

Examples of the method for producing such a laminated film include a method of applying an adhesive to the surface of the temperature control film, laminating another temperature control film, repeating this process a plurality of times as necessary, And a method in which a film for bonding such as a thermoplastic synthetic resin film or the like is interposed between the temperature control films to heat and press the laminated temperature control films to be thermally fused.

In the method for producing a temperature control film according to the present invention, the bonding film may be a film having a light weight such as low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) Low-polyethylene-based resin or other conventional thermoplastic synthetic resin.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the temperature control film by using the base material having the partition area so as to substitute for the capsule, instead of omitting the steps necessary for encapsulation in the microcapsule of the conventional phase change material, It is easy to uniformly distribute the phase change material to the base material by filling the phase change material on the base material uniformly provided in the partition area unlike the case of using the conventional microcapsule.

Further, the present invention can further increase the isolation state from the adjacent region by additionally coating the base material filled with the phase change material by the atomic layer deposition method, and by stacking a plurality of the base materials filled with the phase change material The temperature control effect can be increased by increasing the thickness of the film as a whole and the temperature control film can be used for an outdoor cover or an indoor curtain since the temperature control film has flexibility, It is possible to reduce energy by reducing the temperature change of the coating object when the object is exposed to the external environment by using the temperature control function of the phase change material.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of a temperature control film composed of a substrate having a partition region according to an embodiment of the present invention and a phase change material filled therein, as measured by a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a temperature control film filled with a phase change material according to another embodiment of the present invention, as measured by a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a process cycle of an atomic layer deposition method for adding a metal, ceramic, or other material to a temperature control film to improve the spatial isolation characteristics.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, but may be embodied in various other forms.

1 is a plan view of a temperature control film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 (a)) having a pore size (or a cell size) of 450 to 580 탆 is used as a substrate having a partition area in Fig. 1, and a pore structure having a melting temperature of 49 (Fig. 1 (b)) was prepared by melting and immersing the paraffin wax powder at 60 deg. C for 30 minutes in the case of using another substrate. In Fig. 2, As the base material, a fibrillated fiber cloth with an average diameter of 40 to 60 탆 was used, and a paraffin wax powder having a melting temperature of 49 to 52 캜 as a phase change material was fused at 60 캜 for 30 minutes To prepare a temperature control film.

Although the technical idea of the present invention has been specifically described in accordance with the above embodiment, it is to be noted that the above embodiments are for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

A substrate having a plurality of partition areas; And
A phase change material filled in at least a portion of the partition regions of the substrate,
And a coating layer formed on the substrate by an atomic layer deposition method.
The temperature control film according to claim 1, wherein the partition region is in a pore form.
The temperature control film according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a fiber foil fabricated to have a mesh or net shape by fiber weaving.
The thermosensitive film according to claim 1, wherein the base material is a nonwoven fabric formed into a mesh or net shape by a method of binding a fiber aggregate through mechanical, chemical, or thermal treatment.
The temperature control film according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a polymer material substrate having open pores.
The temperature control film according to claim 1, wherein the base material is a metal base material having open pores selected from a copper mesh, an aluminum mesh, or a foamed metal.
The temperature control film according to claim 1, wherein the phase change material is at least one selected from organic phase change materials and inorganic phase change materials.
delete The temperature control film of claim 1, wherein the coating layer is formed of a metallic material, or a ceramic material selected from oxides, nitrides, and carbides.
The temperature-adjusting film according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the coating layer is 10 to 100 nm. The method of claim 1, wherein the atomic layer deposition method comprises the steps of:
1) introducing a raw material precursor and adsorbing it on a substrate;
2) desorbing by-products using purge gas and removing residual gas;
3) supplying a reaction gas to react with a raw material precursor adsorbed on the substrate; And
4) Desorbing by-products using purge gas and removing residual gas.
A temperature control film comprising a plurality of layers of the temperature control film according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 11 to 11.
[14] The temperature control film according to claim 12, wherein the lamination is performed by applying an adhesive to the surface of the temperature control film, and then laminating another temperature control film and pressing it to bond. The temperature-adjusting film according to claim 12, wherein the lamination is performed by a method of interposing a bonding film between the temperature control films, followed by heating, pressing, and thermal fusion.

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