KR101536741B1 - Coal gasifier of dry type - Google Patents

Coal gasifier of dry type Download PDF

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KR101536741B1
KR101536741B1 KR1020130121538A KR20130121538A KR101536741B1 KR 101536741 B1 KR101536741 B1 KR 101536741B1 KR 1020130121538 A KR1020130121538 A KR 1020130121538A KR 20130121538 A KR20130121538 A KR 20130121538A KR 101536741 B1 KR101536741 B1 KR 101536741B1
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South Korea
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unit
gasification
coal
pulverized coal
reaction
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KR1020130121538A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20150043612A (en
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이신구
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주식회사 포스코
재단법인 포항산업과학연구원
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

Dry type coal gasifier. According to the present invention, there is provided a gasification system comprising: a gasification section for performing dry gasification of coal; a reaction section for reacting pulverized coal generated in the gasification section and carbon dioxide discharged from the gasification section to generate a syngas; And a fuel supply unit for supplying the primary pulverized coal with the new pulverized coal to the gasification unit.

Description

[0001] COAL GASIFIER OF DRY TYPE [0002]

The present invention relates to a dry type coal gasifier, and more particularly to a dry type coal gasifier that generates carbon monoxide by reacting unreacted coal and carbon dioxide generated in a coal gasifier using waste heat generated in a coal gasifier, To a dry type coal gasifier in which carbon monoxide can be supplied to a coal gasifier together with new coal fine powder.

Generally, coal gasification is a technology for producing high concentrations of CO and H 2 through oxygen, partial combustion and gasification of coal. Most of the coal gasifier operating in commercialization stage is mostly entrained bed type and it is used to produce chemical, IGCC, fuel gas according to the purpose of the process after gasification. It is.

Such a coal gasifier is a wet type in which coal having a predetermined particle size (for example, < 75 mu m) is mixed with a predetermined amount of water to produce a coal slurry and gasified using the coal slurry, Is dried and transferred to N2 to be gasified.

Generally, the dry gasification process is about 10% better than the wet gasification process because of the latent heat of water and the cool gas efficiency (syngas calorific value / coal calorific value) * 100%, which is the main index of the coal gasifier. However, the cost of gasification construction requires that dry gasifiers be selected for operation and downstream applications because they require more manufacturing cost than wet gasifiers.

The supply of coal slurry into the coal gasifier has conventionally been performed by injecting coal slurry into the coal gasifier using the pump discharge pressure at the center of the coal slurry. Generally, it is a general role of a fuel mixer (feed mixer), which is a coal slurry feeder, to collide a coal slurry transferred from a cylindrical inner pipe with an oxidizing agent supplied through an external concentric pipe to atomize the coal slurry.

Therefore, the coal-usable particle size is mainly determined by the size of the nozzle tip (for example, 4 to 5 mm) supplying the coal slurry. In particular, when the coal slurry is introduced from the side of the coal gasifier, if it is not sufficiently atomized by the load, unreacted coal may be deposited in the coal gasifier.

Therefore, in order to produce CO and H 2 stably and to enable continuous operation, it is necessary to solve the problem of depositing the unreacted coal and ensure safety in operation. In addition, a membrane wall is provided on the wall surface of the dry type coal gasifier, water is supplied into the wall of the membrane through a water-cooled jacket to cool the heat generated inside the coal gasifier to maintain the internal temperature of the coal gasifier at an appropriate temperature have.

As described above, the dry type coal gasifier is required to have an expensive membrane wall on its wall surface and a water-cooling jacket for supplying water to the membrane wall, thereby increasing the installation cost. In addition, The generated heat is lost as it is by cooling, and the energy efficiency is deteriorated.

In addition, since the carbon dioxide generated from the coal gasifier must be discharged as it is, there has been a problem of polluting the environment.

The present invention relates to a method for producing carbon monoxide by reacting unreacted coal generated from a coal gasifier with carbon dioxide generated in a coal gasifier by using waste heat to produce carbon monoxide and supplying the carbon monoxide thus produced to the coal gasifier To provide a dry type coal gasifier.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a gasification section in which dry gasification of coal is performed,

A reaction part for generating syngas primarily by reacting the pulverized coal generated from the gasification part and the carbon dioxide discharged from the gasification part, and

And a fuel supply unit for supplying the primary pulverized coal discharged from the reaction unit together with fresh fines to the gasification unit.

And a pulverized coal supply unit for supplying pulverized coal generated in the gasification unit to the reaction unit.

And a synthesis gas purifier for removing the particulate matter contained in the synthesis gas discharged from the gasification unit and the synthesis gas generated by the first reaction in the reaction unit.

(CO 2 ) contained in the gas discharged from the gasification unit is captured, and CO 2 And may include a collecting section.

And a reacted pulverized coal supply unit for generating synthesis gas by reacting the pulverized coal with carbon dioxide in the reactor, discharging the pulverized coal from the reactor, and supplying the pulverized coal to the fuel supply unit.

And a syngas supply unit for supplying the syngas to the syngas purifier by discharging the syngas from the reaction unit after the reaction unit reacts the carbon monoxide with the carbon dioxide to generate syngas.

And a CO 2 supply unit for supplying the carbon dioxide captured by the CO 2 trapping unit to the reaction unit.

The reaction of the pulverized coal and the carbon dioxide in the reaction unit may utilize waste heat generated when coal gasification is performed in the gasification unit.

The reaction part may be installed in the rear end of the gasification part so as to utilize waste heat generated in the gasification part.

According to the present embodiment, carbon monoxide is produced by reacting unreacted coal generated in a coal gasifier with unreacted coal generated in the coal gasifier in advance by using waste heat, and the carbon monoxide thus produced is newly added to coal gasifier It is possible to improve the energy efficiency accordingly and it is not necessary to provide a membrane wall provided on the wall surface of the dry coal gasifier and a water cooling jacket for supplying water into the membrane wall as in the prior art, And it is also possible to prevent environmental pollution by treating the carbon dioxide generated from the coal gasifier in an environmentally friendly manner.

In addition, since some carbon monoxide is produced using waste heat and supplied to the interior of the coal gasifier, the burden on the gasification capacity to be treated in the coal gasifier can be alleviated.

1 is a schematic diagram of a dry type coal gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Wherever possible, the same or similar parts are denoted using the same reference numerals in the drawings.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms as used herein include plural forms as long as the phrases do not expressly express the opposite meaning thereto. Means that a particular feature, region, integer, step, operation, element and / or component is specified, and that other specific features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / And the like.

All terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Predefined terms are further interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant technical literature and the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as ideal or very formal meanings unless defined otherwise.

1 is a schematic diagram of a dry type coal gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a dry type coal gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a gasification unit 100 in which dry gasification of coal is performed,

A reaction part 200 for generating synthesis gas primarily by reacting the fine coal (C (s)) generated in the gasification part 100 with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emitted from the gasification part 100, and

And a fuel supply unit 300 for supplying the primary pulverized coal discharged from the reaction unit 200 together with the new pulverized coal to the gasification unit 100.

The gasifier 100 may further include a pulverized coal supply unit 400 for supplying the pulverized coal generated from the gasification unit 100 to the reactor 200.

And a synthesis gas purifier 500 for removing the synthesis gas discharged from the gasification unit 100 and the particulate matter contained in the synthesis gas generated by the first reaction in the reaction unit 200.

In addition, CO 2 (CO 2 ) contained in the gas discharged from the gasification unit 100 is collected, and CO 2 And may include a collecting unit 600.

The CO 2 The collecting unit 600 may be CO2 PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) which can easily collect CO 2 from the exhaust gas.

The reacted pulverized coal is supplied to the reactor 300 through the reaction unit 200. The reacted pulverized coal is discharged from the reactor 200 after the pulverized coal is reacted with the carbon dioxide to generate syngas, 210).

A syngas supply unit 220 for supplying syngas from the reaction unit 200 to the syngas purification unit 500 after the reaction unit 200 reacts carbon dioxide with the pulverized coal to generate syngas, ).

The CO 2 trapping unit 600 may include a CO 2 supplying unit 230 for supplying the carbon dioxide captured by the CO 2 trapping unit 600 to the reaction unit 200.

In the reactor 200, the pulverized coal and the carbon dioxide can firstly produce a syngas such as carbon monoxide (CO) by a Boudouard reaction, which is an endothermic reaction as shown in the following equation (1).

C (s) + CO 2 (g)? 2CO (g) ----- (1)

The reaction between the unreacted coal and the carbon dioxide in the reactor 200 may be performed using waste heat generated when coal gasification is performed in the gasification unit 100.

The reaction unit 200 may be installed in the rear end of the gasification unit 100 to utilize waste heat generated in the gasification unit 100.

The fuel supply unit 300 may supply the pulverized coal and the new pulverized coal primarily reacted in the reactor 200 according to the degree of the waste heat generated in the gasification unit 100, 200) may be supplied within a range of 5 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the new pulverized coal.

In FIG. 1, the pulverized coal primarily reacted in the reactor 200 is supplied to the fuel supplier 300 at a weight ratio of 10% to the new pulverized coal and 90% of the new pulverized coal.

Hereinafter, the operation of the dry type coal gasifier according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The pulverized coal generated in the gasification unit 100 is supplied to the reaction unit 200 by the pulverized coal supply unit 400 and the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) contained in the gas discharged from the gasification unit 100 is supplied to the CO 2 supply unit 600 to the reaction unit 300.

Since the reaction part 200 is installed in the rear end of the gasification part 100, the reaction between the unreacted coal and the carbon dioxide in the reaction part 200 is performed by the reaction of the coal in the gasification part 100 This is done by using the waste heat generated in the gasification.

The unreacted coal C (s) and the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) supplied to the reactor 300 partially produce a syngas such as carbon monoxide (CO (g)) by a puddle reaction, The generated carbon monoxide is supplied from the reactor 200 to the syngas purifier 500 by the syngas supply unit 220 and the pulverized coal primarily reacted in the reactor 200 is supplied to the reaction unit 200 through the reaction Is supplied from the reaction unit 200 to the fuel supply unit 300 by the pulverized coal supply unit 210.

The pulverized coal supplied from the reactor 200 and the new pulverized coal are supplied to the fuel supplier 300 at a weight ratio of 10% and 90% by the pulverized pulverized coal supplier 210, The new pulverized coal is supplied to the gasification unit 100.

The gas discharged from the gasification unit 100 and the synthesis gas generated in the reaction unit 200 are supplied to the synthesis gas purification unit 500. The particulate matter contained in the gas and the synthesis gas is supplied to the synthesis gas purification unit 500, The carbon dioxide contained in the gas discharged from the gasification unit 100 is collected by the CO 2 collection unit 600 and supplied to the reaction unit 200.

100: gasification part 200: reaction part
300: fuel supply unit 400:
500: Synthetic gas purifier 600: CO 2 trapping part

Claims (9)

A gasification section where dry gasification of coal is performed,
A reaction part for generating syngas primarily by reacting the pulverized coal generated from the gasification part and the carbon dioxide discharged from the gasification part, and
And a fuel supply unit for supplying the primary pulverized coal discharged from the reaction unit together with the new pulverized coal to the gasification unit,
Lt; / RTI &gt;
And a syngas purification unit for removing particulate matter contained in the synthesis gas discharged from the gasification unit and the synthesis gas generated by the first reaction in the reaction unit. The method according to claim 1,
And a pulverized coal supply unit for supplying pulverized coal generated in the gasification unit to the reaction unit. delete 3. The method of claim 2,
(CO 2 ) contained in the gas discharged from the gasification unit is captured, and CO 2 A dry type coal gasifier including a collecting part. The method according to claim 1,
And a reacted pulverized coal supply unit for generating a synthesis gas by reacting the pulverized coal with carbon dioxide in the reactor, discharging the pulverized coal from the reactor, and supplying the pulverized coal to the fuel supply unit. The method according to claim 1,
And a syngas supply unit for supplying the syngas to the syngas refining unit by discharging the syngas from the reaction unit after reacting the pulverized coal with carbon dioxide in the reaction unit to produce a synthesis gas. 5. The method of claim 4,
And a CO 2 supply unit for supplying carbon dioxide captured by the CO 2 trapping unit to the reaction unit. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the reaction between the pulverized coal and the carbon dioxide in the reaction unit uses waste heat generated when coal gasification is performed in the gasification unit. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the reaction unit is installed in a rear end portion of the gasification unit so as to utilize waste heat generated in the gasification unit.
KR1020130121538A 2013-10-11 2013-10-11 Coal gasifier of dry type KR101536741B1 (en)

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CN109441565A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-03-08 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 A kind of steam turbine assembled unit and coal gasification systems

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20100090936A (en) * 2009-02-09 2010-08-18 두산중공업 주식회사 Coal drying process and facilities using the same
JP2012180426A (en) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generating facility and method for generating power by integrated coal gasification combined cycle
JP2012241104A (en) * 2011-05-19 2012-12-10 Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd Coal gasification system
KR20130076260A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-08 주식회사 포스코 High efficient coal gasfier

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20100090936A (en) * 2009-02-09 2010-08-18 두산중공업 주식회사 Coal drying process and facilities using the same
JP2012180426A (en) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generating facility and method for generating power by integrated coal gasification combined cycle
JP2012241104A (en) * 2011-05-19 2012-12-10 Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd Coal gasification system
KR20130076260A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-08 주식회사 포스코 High efficient coal gasfier

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