KR101508242B1

KR101508242B1 - Submarine with a compressor

Info

Publication number: KR101508242B1
Application number: KR20100086041A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 슈테판 크룸리히; 알프레드 메쉐너; 안드레아스 헨케; 마르크 파인
Original assignee: 티센크루프 마린 시스템즈 게엠베하
Priority date: 2009-09-07
Filing date: 2010-09-02
Publication date: 2015-04-07
Also published as: EP2292509B1; KR20140095586A; EP2292509A2; DE102009040379B3; PT2292509E; EP2292509A3; ES2416490T3

Abstract

The submarine includes a compressor having at least one pressure container, switching means for gas input and discharge from the pressure container, fluid, and at least one conduit leading to the pressure container, And / or from the pressure container to the pressure container.

Description

[0001] Submarine with a compressor [0002]

The present invention relates to a submarine equipped with a compressor.

In a submarine, it is considered to be in a state of the art to compress a gas such as, for example, an exhaust gas from a propulsion engine and bring it from a submarine. It is also known to apply a compressor, for example a piston compressor, for the compression of the gas. However, these compressors disadvantageously generate high acoustic sound noise which negatively affects the characteristics of the submarine.

In particular, highly concentrated water often contains emissions of carbon dioxide. These highly concentrated water components cause corrosion in known compressors.

Also, lubricating oils, such as greases and oils, which are generally used in compressors, contaminate the gas in such a way that the lubricating oil discharged with the gas forms a film on the water. Here too, the ability to install a submarine in this manner can be significantly increased.

In addition, it is problematic that the dynamic seals and seals of the compressor, which are mostly applied, move relative to each other. This often causes leakage losses to the surroundings, which can also contaminate the breathing air.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved submarine as the aforementioned problems are considered.

This object is achieved by a submarine having the features specified in claim 1. Other advantageous formations can be deduced from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.

The submarine according to the present invention comprises a compressor comprising at least one conduit leading to a rigid at least one pressure container, fluid, pressure container with switching means for introducing gas and discharging gas. A pump may be provided on the conduit and fluid may be delivered into and / or out of the container. In this way, the gas disposed in the pressure container can be compressed by pumping fluid through the conduit to the pressure container. Whereby the fluid pushes gas out of a portion of the interior space of the pressure container, i.e., a portion occupied by the fluid, and compresses the gas. The compressed gas is discharged from the pressure container to a corresponding position of the switching means. When the corresponding position of the switching means is given, the inner space of the pressure container, in which the fluid is pumped from the pressure container and released by the fluid, is filled by the gas flowing continuously through the gas inlet, thereby filling the pressure container with the gas to be compressed It is effective. This switching means is formed by, for example, a check valve arranged on the gas inlet and the gas outlet of the pressure container. Thus, for example, if the vacuum is dominant in the pressure container for a gas source connected through a gas inlet to the pressure container, the gas may flow to the pressure container. For example, increased pressures due to compression exceed the gas pressure in other parts of the submarine connected through the gas discharge, and are discharged from the pressure vessel.

Therefore, in the submarine according to the present invention, since the area of the inner space of the pressure container which can be filled with gas is determined by the fluid which can be delivered with low noise without being determined by the piston, the compressor increases the acoustic signature of the submarine Do not. Further, in the compressor of the submarine according to the present invention, since there is no need for a lubricant in relation to the compressor, there is no risk of discharging the lubricant with the compressed gas. In the submarine according to the invention, the purity of the breathing air is always ensured since no further dynamic seals are required. Advantageously, pressure or pressure containers with submarines according to the invention can be suitably adapted to the requirements of the submarine and can be designed freely in shape.

Preferably with respect to the submarine, the compressor comprises at least one rigid second container connected to the first pressure container through at least one of the conduits. In this alternative configuration, for example, the fluid is delivered from the second pressure container to the first pressure container in a first compressor cycle, and the fluid delivered from the second pressure container is delivered to the second container for filling with gas, Provide space. The gas located in the first pressure container is pushed and compressed by the introduced fluid as described above. The compressed gas may then be discharged from the first pressure container. The second container is filled with gas at this point at the appropriate time. Subsequently, when fluid is transferred from the first pressure container to the second pressure container in the second compression cycle, then the gas in the second pressure container is compressed and at the same time the first pressure container is filled with gas. The compressors in this design can be operated efficiently and at the same time with good continuity because the gas is always compressed in one of the pressure containers when the fluid is conveyed in each direction.

Particularly preferably for a submarine, the fluid is the cooling fluid of the cooling circuit of the submarine. In this way, it is possible to derive the heat that occurs during the compression of the gas. The gas is suitably compressed in an isothermal fashion. Whereby the compressor can be operated in a particularly energy efficient manner.

Advantageously, in a submarine, at least two conduits are provided in each case for transferring fluid in only one direction. For example, two pressure containers may be provided for the compressor, from which a first conduit for transferring fluid from the first pressure container to the second pressure container and a second conduit for transferring fluid from the second pressure container to the first pressure container A second conduit for delivery is provided. Advantageously, the expected delivery direction is determined by the check valve. Advantageously, the delivery direction of one or more pumps disposed in the conduit is adjusted to the expected delivery direction of the conduit.

In a more preferred formation, there are at least two conduits leading to the pressure container at a vertical distance relative to one another. Thus, the fluid can be delivered from the pressure container in a suitable manner by a conduit leading to a deeper pressure container. Preferably one of the conduits leads to a pressure container above the maximum fluid level of the pressure container while the other conduit leads to a pressure conduit below the minimum fluid level of the pressure container. Preferably, the heat exchanger of the cooling circuit of the submarine is disposed in a conduit leading from the upper region thereof to the pressure container. In particular, the fluid is injected or injected into the pressure container. In this alternative form of the invention, the heat generated during the compression of the gas is removed in a particularly efficient manner and, for example, almost isothermal compression is effected on the gas.

Advantageously, for a submarine according to the invention, at least two conduits comprise a common conduit, the pump is arranged in a common conduit and the shut-off valve is arranged upstream and downstream of the common conduit. In this way, the fluid can be delivered by several conduits with a single pump. In particular, in a compressor with two pressure containers, the fluid in the first compression cycle can be transferred from the first pressure container to the second pressure container through one of the conduits with a common conduit, and in the second compression cycle Can be transferred from the second pressure container to the first pressure container through the second conduit with the common conduit. Whereby the integration of the common conduit with both conduits is useful for the manner in which the pump is operated in the same direction of delivery during both compression cycles.

Particularly preferably, the submarine comprises two or more pressure containers which are formed and / or arranged in such a way that the center of gravity of the compressor and / or the fluid in the delivery of the fluid is unchanged. Thus, in another formation of the invention, it is not necessary to compensate for the change in the center of gravity of the compressor in operation of the compressor by means of an additional device of the submarine, for example a trimming cell. Furthermore, when considered alone, the compressor in operation is also neutral to the center of gravity.

To this end, the first pressure container advantageously surrounds the second pressure container to which it is connected. For example, the first and second pressure containers are basically designed in a cylindrical manner. Preferably, the second pressure container has a straight cylindrical shape with respect to the vertical axis, while the first pressure container concentrically surrounds the second pressure container with an annular cross section. When fluid is transferred from the first pressure container to the second pressure container or from the second pressure container to the first pressure container, the horizontal position component of the center of gravity does not change. Preferably, the first and second pressure containers have a cross-sectional area with the same cross-sectional area. In another form of the invention, the vertical position component of the center of gravity is not changed when delivering the fluid.

In another preferred design, the at least two pressure containers of the compressor of the submarine according to the invention encircle the central pressure container to which they are connected in each case. Suitably, the pressure containers enclosing the central pressure container in each case are cylindrical, having equally large horizontal cross-sectional areas, and distributed uniformly in a circular fashion relative to the central pressure container. In this case, the horizontal position component of the center of gravity does not change when fluid is transferred from the ambient pressure container to the central pressure container or from the central pressure container to the ambient pressure container. When the ambient pressure container has the same cross-sectional area as the central pressure container, the vertical position component of the center of gravity is not changed during operation of the compressor.

Alternatively or additionally, the compressor of the submarine according to the invention comprises at least two pairs of pressure containers which are connected in each case to one another and in which the center of gravity of the individual changes in the operation of the compressor are compensated for each other. For example, the compressors include a pair of pressure containers disposed next to each other in a common horizontal first axis. In the compression cycle, when fluid is transferred from a pressure container disposed on this right axis to a pressure container located on its left, the center of gravity for this first pressure container pair moves to the left in the first bin . In a second pair of pressure containers, the pressure containers are disposed next to each other in a second axis running parallel to the first axis. Whereby the second pair of pressure containers have the same cross-section in the region for the first pressure container pair. In the compression cycle described above, in the second pair, the fluid is delivered to the right along the second axis. As a result of this, in the second pair, the center of gravity moves to the right along the second pivot. Thus, the common center of gravity of the two pressure container pairs of the compressor remains unchanged as a result of this compression cycle. The neutrality of the center of gravity of the compressor is maintained during the other compression cycles in a corresponding manner. Preferably at least two pairs of pressure containers are disposed along a common axis.

Advantageously, in the submarine according to the invention, the compressor comprises at least two pumps activated in a simultaneous manner and the compressor is designed for simultaneous operation of the pump. In this way, in particular in the embodiment described above, the individual compression cycles of the several pairs of pressure containers connected to each other in each case can be made to coincide with the neutral of the center of gravity of the compressor. The operation of the neutral compressor with respect to the center of gravity can be ensured through the simultaneous activation of the pump, even in the design of several pressure containers horizontally surrounding the central pressure container. Preferably, for a submarine according to the invention, a pressure container or pressure containers are arranged between the frames of the submarine.

Basically, in the submarine according to the present invention, the pressure container or the pressure containers can be formed infinitely. Advantageously, the pressure containers can be adjusted in their shape, for example, to the spatial requirements of the submarine to use the available free space.

1 is a block diagram of a compressor of a submarine according to the present invention.
2 is a view showing the arrangement of four pressure containers in a compressor operated in a neutral manner with respect to the center of gravity of a submarine according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a top view of the arrangement of the pressure container according to Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a side view of an alternative arrangement of four pressure containers of a compressor of a submarine according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a plan view of the arrangement according to Figure 4;

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig.

The compressor (2) according to FIG. 1 of the submarine according to the invention comprises two pressure containers (5, 10). The two pressure containers (5, 10) are arranged at the same height in the submarine and have a cylindrical shape with basically the same cross-sectional area.

The positive pressure containers 5 and 10 are provided with switching means for gas inlet and gas outlet on the gas inlet conduit 15 and the gas outlet conduit 25 of the pressure containers 5 and 10. This switching means is designed as a check valve (20). If the gas pressure of the gas source supplied to the gas inlet conduit 15, for example the outlet of the propulsion engine of the submarine, exceeds the pressure of the gas located in the pressure containers 5, 10, 5, 10) through a gas inlet conduit (15) by a check valve (20). The gas then flows through the gas discharge conduit 25, if the gas pressure of the pressure containers 5, 10 exceeds the gas pressure of the fluid separator 30 connected to the pressure containers 5, 10 in each case And is discharged from the pressure container. In this case, the gas from the pressure container 5 passes through the check valve 20 on the gas discharge conduit 25.

The pressure container 5 shown on the left side of Figure 1 is connected to the right side of the pressure container 5 through the first conduit 35 extending from the left side pressure container 5 at the lower side 40 to the right side pressure container 10 from the upper side 45, (10). The pressure containers 5 and 10 are connected to each other through a second conduit 50 leading from the lower side 40 of the right side pressure container 10 to the left side pressure container 5 from above.

In the compressor 2, the fluid 52 in the first compression cycle is transferred from the left pressure container 5 to the right pressure container 10 through the conduit 35, Is pushed by the increase of the fluid level from the minimum level Lo to the maximum level Hi and compressed against the rest of the right pressure container 10. [ Thereby, the pressure in the right side pressure container 10 is increased, and the pressure opens the check valve 20 on the gas discharge conduit 25 of the right side pressure container 10.

In the left pressure container 5, when the fluid 52 is delivered from the pressure container 5 to the pressure container 10, the fluid level drops from the maximum level Hi to the minimum level Lo. On the other hand, the internal space of the left pressure container 5, which can be filled with gas, increases in size and the inside of the pressure container becomes a vacuum so that the check valve 20 Is opened and the gas then flows to the left pressure container 5.

In the second compression cycle, the fluid 52 is delivered from the right pressure container 10 through the second conduit 50 to the left pressure container 5 to compress the gas located in the left pressure container 5. Correspondingly, the right pressure container 10 is filled with gas through the gas inlet conduit 15 of the right pressure container 10. Thus, in each case, the gas is compressed in an alternating manner in the pressure containers 5, 10 in successive compression cycles.

Whereby the first conduit 35 and the second conduit 50 each have a common conduit 55 and fluid 52 thereon from one of the pressure containers 5 and 10 to the other pressure container 5, A pump 60 is arranged to deliver the fluid. Fluid transfer through the conduits 35 and 50 is carried out in the form of ball cork valves 65 and 70 disposed upstream and downstream of the common conduit 55 on the first conduit 35 as well as the second conduit 50 Lt; / RTI > When the valve 65 of the second conduit 35 is opened and the valve 70 of the second conduit 50 is closed the fluid 52 is discharged from the left pressure container 5 to the right pressure container 10 ) Through the conduit (35) by the pump (60).

On the other hand, when the valve 65 is closed and the valve 70 on the second conduit 50 is opened, the pump 60 is then pumped from the right pressure container 10 to the left pressure container 5 via the second conduit 50, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 52 < / RTI > Whereby the check valve (20) on the common conduit (55) prevents the return flow of the fluid (52) opposite the expected delivery direction of the pump (60).

For the compressor 2 shown by Fig. 1, the fluid 52 delivered by the pump 60 is simultaneously the cooling water of the cooling circuit of the submarine. This leads to a heat rise by the heat exchanger 75 disposed in the common conduit 55 during compression of the gas. The cooled fluid is injected into the upper side 45 of the container 5, 10 in the run in of the conduits 35, 50 for efficient cooling of the gas (the spray nozzle, Not shown in the drawings).

Also provided is a tank 80 in which the loss of fluid 52 is compensated. To this end, the tank 80 is connected to the common conduit 55 via a valve 82 in the form of a ball cock, on the suction side of the heat exchanger 75 and on the suction side of the pump 60, as well as the water separator 30 do. When the water is too much, the tank 80 is connected to the pump (not shown) as part of the fluid separator 30, the common conduit 55, the portion on the suction side to the heat exchanger 75, 60 and on the pressure side of the heat exchanger 75. In this way,

In the compressor described above, the fluid 52 is water. The compressor is connected to the reformer of the reformer fuel cell unit of the submarine (not shown).

The arrangement of the four pressure containers 5 ', 10', 5 ", 10 "shown in FIG. 2 comprises two pairs 5 ', 10' &Quot;, "10 "). However, the arrangement shown in Figs. 2 to 5 may be designed independently of the other formations described above. The four pressure containers 5 ', 10', 5 ", 10 "shown in FIG. 2 are designed in a straight cylindrical shape with the same cross sectional area in each case and positioned vertically in the submarine.

The pressure container pairs 5 ', 10' and 5 ", 10 "are connected to each other via a fluid guiding conduit in each case and, in the illustration of this principle and the following principle, As shown in FIG. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the two pairs of pressure containers 5 ', 10' and 5 ", 10 "have a first horizontal axis (lower side in Figure 3) and a second horizontal axis The upper side). The horizontal axis of each pair of pressure containers 5 ', 10' or 5 ", 10 "in the plan view according to FIG. 3 corresponds to the direction of the illustrated conduit 85. The two horizontal axes are oriented parallel to each other. (In this embodiment, by a simultaneously operating pump not shown in Figures 2 and 3), i.e. from the pressure container 10 'to the pressure container 5' Simultaneous transfer of fluid 52 from pressure vessel 5 "to pressure vessel 10" prevents the center of gravity of the compressor from changing. In the following compression cycle, the same applies to the transmission direction opposite to the arrow direction shown.

In another embodiment of the present invention and the compressor of the submarine according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the two pairs of pressure containers 5 ', 10'; 5 '', 10 '' are not only arranged on parallel axes Are arranged on a common horizontal axis and offset from each other on the side. In this case too, the fluid 52 is pumped simultaneously between the pressure containers 5 ", 10 "as well as the pressure containers 5 ', 10 ' in each pair of cases in the direction of transmission opposite to each other do. This arrangement assures the operation of the compressor of the submarine according to the invention and is neutral to the center of gravity. It will be appreciated that, in this embodiment, the shape of the pressure container 5, 10 or 5 ', 10' and 5 ", 10 " For example, pressure containers (5, 10 or 5 ', 10' and 5 ", 10") can be adapted to the spatial requirements of the submarine.

2: Compressor 5, 5 ', 5 ": pressure container
10, 10 ', 10 ": pressure container, 15: gas inlet conduit
20: check valve 25: gas discharge conduit
30: fluid separator 35: first conduit
40: lower side 45: upper side
50: second conduit 52: fluid
55: common conduit 60: pump
65, 70: valve 75: heat exchanger
80: tank 82: valve
85: conduit Lo: minimum level
Hi: Maximum level

Claims

Wherein at least one pressure container (5; 5 '; 10; 10'; 10 ") receives gas in and out of the pressure container (5; 5 ' (52), and at least one conduit (35; 50; 85) provided with a pump and leading to said pressure container (5; 5 '; 10; 10'; 10 " 10. A compressor, wherein the fluid (52) is directed to the pressure container (5; 5 '; 10; 10'; 10 " &Quot; 10 "). &Lt; / RTI >

Wherein at least one pressure container (5; 5 '; 10; 10'; 10 ") receives gas in and out of the pressure container (5; 5 ' (52), and at least one conduit (35; 50; 85) provided with a pump and leading to said pressure container (5; 5 '; 10; 10'; 10 " A compressor, wherein the fluid (52) is introduced into the pressure container (5; 5 '; 10; 10'; 10 " &Quot; 10 "). &Lt; / RTI >

A compressor (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compressor (2) is connected to a first pressure container (5; 5 ', 5 "; 10; 10'; 10") via at least one conduit A submarine comprising a compressor comprising at least one second pressure container (5; 5 ', 5 "; 10; 10';

A submarine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least two conduits (35, 50) are provided and the fluid (52) is delivered in each case only in one direction.

3. Submarine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluid (52) is a cooling fluid of a cooling circuit of a submarine.

5. A submarine according to claim 4, wherein the at least two conduits (35,50) have a compressor leading to a pressure container (5; 5 ', 10;

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises at least two conduits (35,50) with a common conduit (55), the pump (60) being arranged in a common conduit (55) And a compressor disposed upstream and downstream of the compressor (55).

According to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compressor (2) is fluid (52) or the compressor (2) at least two pressure container center of gravity which does not change the way for passing fluid (52) formed and arranged for ( 5; 5 ', 5 ";10;10';10").

9. The submarine of claim 8, wherein the first pressure container has a compressor surrounding the second pressure container to which it is connected.

9. The submarine of claim 8, wherein the at least two pressure containers are horizontally surrounded by a central pressure container connected in each case.

9. A submarine according to claim 8, wherein the submarines are connected in each case to one another and the individual changes in the center of gravity during operation of the compressor (2) are compensated for each other.

9. A submarine according to claim 8, wherein the compressor (2) comprises at least two pumps (60) which can be operated simultaneously and the compressor (2) comprises a compressor designed for simultaneous operation of the pump (60).

A submarine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure container or pressure containers (5; 5 ', 5 "; 10; 10'; 10") have a compressor disposed between the frames of the submarine.

3. The submarine of claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape of the pressure container or pressure containers (5; 5 ', 10; 10'; 10 ") is a submarine with a compressor .