KR101480058B1 - Apparatus and method for simulation proppant velocity in crack of shale gas field - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a simulation apparatus and method for confirming the precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field, and it is an object of the present invention to confirm the precipitation characteristics of various types of propane slurry in a simple, Thereby securing a maximum permeable space in the cracks, thereby improving the productivity.
A simulation apparatus for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field according to the present invention includes a container 10 having a space formed therein so that external light is not incident on the inside thereof; A transparent holder body 21 in which a flow path 21a for expressing a crack in the dielectric layer is formed and a cap 22 for opening and closing the flow path of the holder body, A sample holder (20) that is replaceably mounted on the container with the propane slurry received therein; A plurality of light emitting units (40) arranged on both sides of the sample holder, the light emitting units (40) being arranged at regular intervals from one another along the moving direction of the propane slurry accommodated in the sample holder, (50-1, 50-2, 50-3, 50-4) for measuring the light transmitted through the sample holder and measuring the precipitation of propane in the propane slurry contained in the sample holder, A sensor; And a controller (30) for calculating precipitation data including a settling time, a settling velocity and a floatation time of propane in the propane slurry based on the value received by the light receiving unit of the propane precipitation sensor, (Light Dependent Resistors) whose resistance value varies depending on the intensity of light transmitted through the sample holder.
A simulation method for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field according to the present invention includes a transparent holder body in which a flow path for expressing cracks in a dielectric zone is formed, A propane slurry in which propane and a fluid are mixed is accommodated in a flow path of a sample holder constituted by a cap and a propane precipitation sensor composed of a light emitting portion and a plurality of light receiving portions, A first step of mounting the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit inside the container; A photodetector for detecting received data based on intensity of light received by the light receiving unit after being irradiated by the light emitting unit and passing through the sample holder; Step 2; And a third step of calculating precipitation data of propane in the propane slurry based on the received data detected through the second step, wherein in the second step, the resistance of the light- In the third step, the current resistance value of the light receiving unit is compared with a reference resistance value that is initially set, and a time at which the current resistance value matches the reference resistance value is calculated as a settling time.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a simulation apparatus and a method for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of shale gas oil,

The present invention is to produce a high permeability by using slurry of propane (sand grains) after crushing by hydro-crushing technique after drilling horizontally to increase permeability in a dense rock layer to produce gas in the shale gas field , And more specifically, the closure phenomenon of the crack region changes according to the conditions of the layer, the viscosity of the slurry, and the gravity, and it is an ideal ideal to maintain high permeability in the actual oil field through various crack size and various types of propane slurry The present invention relates to a simulation apparatus and a method for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field capable of providing a propane slurry.

World oil demand is expected to increase steadily due to rapid economic growth in developing countries, while world oil supply is expected to slow down. This is because crude oil production is rapidly declining in existing large oil fields. Therefore, interest in energy resources and new oil resources to replace petroleum is increasing. In addition, shale gas is expected to be one of the fastest commercialization of new petroleum resources. Although the development of shale gas has not started for a long time, the development of shale gas as new oil resources has been continuously and vigorously carried out. The shale layer of the shale gas field has a very dense structure, and there is little permeability to the rock porosity.

Therefore, it is economically feasible to increase the permeability to dense shale gas field. In order to increase the water permeability, horizontal cracking is performed by hydraulic fracturing after drilling in horizontal direction. In addition, the fracture zone generated by hydraulic fracturing becomes the original shape by the reservoir pressure. Before that, propane (sand grains) are mixed with the fluid in the cracked area. However, the propane slurry in which the fluid and propane are mixed can not maintain the injected state, and the slurry is changed by gravity, temperature, and pressure to precipitate.

As a method to overcome this problem, hydraulic cracking is used to form a crack zone in the rock and propane slurry is injected before the rock is closed to increase the permeability. At this time, the propane slurry is precipitated and the permeability decreases. Therefore, the precipitation rate can be derived from various crack sizes and types of propane, and it is possible to prevent precipitation of optimized propane slurry through this, thereby increasing shale gas productivity.

When hydrocarbons can not be produced in strata containing oil / gas in an oil / gas hole, stimulation is used to increase fluid flow capacity in the strata. Currently, one of the most well known methods of irritation is hydraulic fracturing, which is designed to induce mechanically cracks in strata near the wells to increase the ability of fluid flow in the gas / petroleum strata.

In this process, propane, a small particle that acts as a wedge, is injected into cracks in the stratum in order to keep the cracks generated after hydrofracturing breaks open without being closed. The sedimentation rate of the propane particles may vary depending on the viscosity of the bed fluid. The distribution of propane in cracks is very crucial in determining the final result of hydraulic fracturing and the crack conductivity can be determined if the distribution of propane can be adjusted.

If hydraulic fluid leaks into the bed after hydrofracturing and the pressure in the crack decreases, the crack will close again. However, if propane is injected to keep the crack open, the flow capacity of the fluid in the well will increase. However, when propane precipitates outside the strata containing the target gas / oil, propane does not contribute to increased productivity and all funds used to increase the efficiency of shredding will be lost. Here, it is important to study the precipitation and distribution of propane in cracks. Research into the ever-changing petroleum industry has been lacking in studies of slurries with fluids with low concentrations and low viscosities.

A number of studies have been carried out that can contribute to the slurry settling in the already static state. However, most studies have focused only on propane precipitation in fluids with medium to high cohesion in the non-newtonian state in nature. The fluid used in the hydraulic fracturing process is changing, and the fluid change has been changed by the function of hydraulic fracturing. In the past, aqueous solutions used in traditional hydraulic fracturing have changed from oil based emulsions to gelled fluid, crosslinked polymers, and now turn into low viscosity, slick water have. These slickwater-fracs have a very low viscosity and are designed with low propane concentrations as opposed to past aqueous solutions.

So far, propane in less than 2 lbs / gallon of fluid propane concentration slurry (Less than 2 lbs / gallon of fluid) has been shown to have clustered precipitation characteristics. Each slurry particle tends to combine with each other, and the combined particles are faster than the settling rate of each particle. The sedimentation rate refers to the rate at which gravitational forces and drag-forces acting act on the particles, and there is no acceleration when the sedimentation velocity is applied.

Unfortunately, previous studies have concentrated more on medium- to high-viscosity slurries with a minimum of 3 to 4 ppg of propane concentration (1 ppg stands for 1 pound of propane added to 1 gallon of fluid) Are relatively complex to calculate and require a lot of time and effort to install. With the aim of studying the insufficient information about sedimentation at low concentrations, the invention presented here is designed to achieve the objectives in a fast, accurate and simple way. By studying slurry precipitation at low propane-containing concentrations (below 3 ppg), the gap of insufficient information could be filled, Therefore, studies on the slurry settling velocity in various hydraulic fracturing fluids may be over.

For reference, as a technology related to the present invention, Patent Document 1 below discloses a mold sphere having at least one cavity therein (the mold sphere has a sphericity of Krumbein of about 0.3 or more and a roundness of about 0.1 or more) A sphericity of at least about 0.5 Crombia, including a continuous sintered shell around the entire outer surface of the mold sphere, said shell comprising a ceramic material or an oxide thereof, said mold sphere comprising a material capable of withstanding sintering, and Relates to propane having a circularity degree of at least about 0.4 and is a patent of a propane composition for improving oil or gas permeability.

Patent Document 2 discloses a test cell comprising a test cell containing a propane and a fluid, a light source provided on one side of the test cell for illuminating the test cell, a light receiving unit provided on the opposite side of the light source, And a CCD camera for photographing the light emitted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber, wherein the difference in concentration between the positions generated by the precipitation of the propane causes the propane Many places are photographed in black, while those where no propane is present are photographed in white. It is possible to detect the concentration characteristics of propane based on the difference in color, and to confirm the precipitation pattern of propane , The function of the light emitting portion of the invention is different from that of the light source of the invention, the light source of Patent Document 2 is a function of illumination for checking the color difference, There are differences to the point that the color taken by the camera as evidence.

The following Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a container for containing a propane and a fluid, a pressure sensor attached to a wall surface of the container and sensing a pressure of fluid by propane precipitated in the container, And a controller for calculating the velocity of the propane. Although the velocity of the propane is measured, it is difficult to detect a minute pressure change because it is based on the pressure difference generated during precipitation of the propane.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2009-0035732 U.S. Pat. No. 5,072,675

SPE / DOE 13906 Proppant Settling Velocities in Nonflowing Slurries, by L. L. Kirkby, The Dow Chemical Company, and H. A. Rockefeller, Dowell Schlumberger (Mar. 19, 1985)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems and it is an object of the present invention to improve productivity by confirming the precipitation characteristics of various types of propane slurries in a simple, fast and accurate manner, thereby securing the maximum permeable space for artificial cracking by hydraulic fracturing And to provide a simulation apparatus and a method for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of shale gas oil which can be used.

A simulation apparatus for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field according to the present invention includes a container having a space formed therein and external light not being incident on the container; A sample holder including a transparent holder body in which a flow path is formed, and a cap for opening and closing the flow path of the holder body; One or more light emitting portions disposed on both sides of the sample holder at respective predetermined intervals along the moving direction of the propane slurry accommodated in the sample holder to irradiate light to the sample holder, A propane precipitation sensor comprising a plurality of light-receiving units for measuring light, the propane precipitation sensor measuring the precipitation of propane in the propane slurry contained in the sample holder; And a controller for calculating precipitation data including a settling time, a settling velocity and a floatation time of the propane in the propane slurry based on the value received by the light receiving unit of the propane precipitation sensor.

According to the simulation apparatus and method for confirming the precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of the shale gas oil field according to the present invention, the closure phenomenon of the crack region varies depending on the conditions of the layer, the viscosity of the slurry, And various kinds of propane slurry, it is possible to provide an ideal propane slurry that can maintain a high permeability in an actual oil field, thereby improving the production of gas.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a simulation apparatus for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a container, a sample holder and a propane precipitation sensor applied to a simulation apparatus for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field according to the present invention. FIG.
3 is a perspective view of a sample holder applied to a simulation apparatus for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are graphs showing the sedimentation time and sedimentation rate obtained by a simulation method for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of the shale gas oil field according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a simulation apparatus for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of shale gas oil according to the present invention includes a container 10, a propane slurry (a mixture of propane and a fluid) A sample holder 20 mounted in the container 10, a propane precipitation sensor (light emitting portion and light receiving portion) for detecting the precipitation of propane contained in the propane slurry contained in the sample holder 20, And a controller 30 for calculating precipitate data (precipitation time, sedimentation rate, etc.) of propane based on the data sensed by the sedimentation sensor.

The container 10 is a case in which a sample holder 20 and a space having a size capable of mounting the propane precipitation sensor are formed therein. The container 10 includes a sample holder 20 mounted and replaced, A container body having an opening portion for maintenance and a door for opening and closing an opening portion of the container body and configured to prevent external light from being incident on the container body in order to prevent detection errors caused by the propane- , Black sheet attachment, etc.).

The container 10 may be configured such that the holder seat of the groove or the projection is formed at the bottom so that the sample holder 20 is stably mounted.

1 to 3, the sample holder 20 includes a transparent holder body 21 having a flow path 21a formed therein and a cap 22 for opening and closing the flow path 21a of the holder body 21 .

The sample holder 20 constitutes an actual dielectric zone, and the inner flow path 21a represents a crack generated through hydraulic fracturing in an actual dielectric zone. That is, the propane slurry is filled in the flow path 21a and the propane is settled to the bottom of the flow path 21a by gravity.

The holder main body 21 is opened and closed through a stopper 22 so that various samples can be tested.

Therefore, since the cracks due to hydraulic fracture of the dielectric belt are formed in various sizes, it is possible to test the propane even in cracks of various sizes by manufacturing various sample holders 20 having flow paths 21a of different sizes. That is, the size of the flow path 21a of the sample holder 20 varies depending on the width of the crack to be expected in the actual field condition, and is practically 25Cm (height) X 5Cm (length) X (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, ) Cm (width) is possible.

The size of the inner channel 21a is important in the holder main body 21, and the outer shape is not limited to the shape shown in the drawings because it is independent of the test of the present invention.

The sample holder 20 is loaded in the container 10 with the flow path 21a filled with propane slurry and mounted between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion of the propane precipitation sensor.

The propane precipitation sensor comprises a plurality of light emitting units and a plurality of light receiving units (for example, four of the light emitting units and the light receiving units are shown in the figure) for measurement of precipitation data. For example, only one light emitting unit 40 is configured and a plurality of light receiving units are configured.

The light emitting portion 40 is, for example, a dual CCFL lamp. The CCFL lamp is driven independently by a 10V AC converter. The converter is driven by a 12V DC power supply. CCLF lamps are useful as light emitting parts because they have stable emission characteristics and light weight and size.

The first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4 are light dependent resistors (LDR) connected in parallel using 5V DC as a suction power. The LDR is set individually with a 1000 ohm pull-down resistor configuration, so the precipitation data for propane can be obtained by outputting different resistance values depending on the amount of light received.

The LDR operates as a light sensor and has a characteristic that changes resistance depending on the amount of light received, that is, the voltage varies with resistance change. This is used to measure the rate of propane slurry precipitation. The propane slurry in the channel 21a of the sample holder 20 partly blocks the path of light to the LDR. If many propanes are floating, less light will pass through the sample holder 20. Light passing through the propane in the sample holder 20 causes the voltage increase, and the change is recorded by the data collector. In short, the time it takes for the LDR to return to its original resistance value is defined as the settling time. Knowing the precipitation time of propane in certain conditions (eg crack width, propane concentration) will be used as a parameter to determine good fracture-fluid performance.

The values output to the first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4 may be collected through the data collector 60 and transmitted to the controller 30. [

The data collector 60 is driven by a stable 5 V DC energy supply from a computer or the like, and various kinds of data can be used depending on the sensitivity of the calculation. For example, 12-bit data can be used.

The controller 30 stores the data inputted through the data collector 60 and the reference data, and calculates the settled data based on the data and calculates the settled data (settling time, settling rate, and settling time of propane) And will be described in detail in a simulation method to be described later.

The controller 30 is applied through a portable notebook, a desktop, or the like.

A simulation method for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of the shale gas oil field according to the present invention is as follows.

1. Prepare sample holder.

The prepared propane slurry is introduced into the flow path 21a in the holder main body 21 of the sample holder 20.

For simulation, the size of the flow path 21a, the characteristics of the sample [the propane amount (concentration), the kind and viscosity of the fluid, etc.] are recorded and stored.

The sample holder 20 is placed between the light emitting portion 40 in the container 10 and the first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4. However, before placing the sample holder 20, the sample holder 20 is shaken so as to conform to the precipitation characteristics of the propane so that the propane is collected on one side (upper side), and then the sample holder 20 is mounted.

2. Detection of sedimentation data.

The light is irradiated by applying power to the light emitting unit 40 after the sample holder 20 is mounted, or by applying power to the light emitting unit 40 before placing the sample holder 20, The sample holder 20 is mounted.

The light emitted from the light emitting unit 40 passes through the sample holder 20 and then reaches the first to fourth light receiving units 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4.

The first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4 output different resistance values according to the intensity of the received light, and the resistance values are converted to voltages.

3. Calculation of sedimentation data.

The output values (voltages) sensed by the first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4 are input to the controller 30, and the controller 30 outputs the output values Based on this, the sedimentation data is calculated. In the present invention, it is possible to obtain the result of calculating the settling time, the settling velocity, and the degree of cluster-settling.

end. Settling Time.

The settling time is calculated while measuring the time required for the LDR sensor, which is the first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4, to return to the original resistance value after the collapse of the propane slurry .

That is, the first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4 have different resistances according to light intensity, and the first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4) and a reference resistance value (voltage) that have been set for the first time, so that the time at which the current resistance value matches the reference resistance value can be calculated as the settling time. When all of the propane is precipitated, all the light emitted from the light emitting portion 40 is incident on the first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4 to form the first to fourth light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, 50-4) is based on a point that matches the resistance value in the initial design.

I. Settling Velocity.

As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 4, the difference in voltage with respect to time is graphed, and the second and third light receiving portions 50-2 and 50-3 disposed at the center of the two light receiving portions, (The distance between the second and third light receiving portions 50-2 and 50-3 / from the second light receiving portion 50-2 to the third light receiving portion 50-3) Time). This is because the value measured by the first light receiving section 50-1 is a value obtained immediately after the sample holder 20 is shaken by shaking the sample holder 20 and is a value due to the force generated by shaking the sample holder 20, 4 light receiving unit 50-4 measures a value rising from the bottom portion of the sample holder 20 to the upper portion and the reliability is weak.

This calculation method is possible on the premise that the precipitation rate of propane is constant between the second and third light receiving portions 50-2 and 50-3 in the center. Therefore, the distances between the installed second and third light receiving portions 50-2 and 50-3 are constant, and the settling velocity is obtained by dividing the distance between the second and third light receiving portions 50-2 and 50-3 as described above Can be easily obtained with the sedimentation rate.

Through such a method, the sedimentation velocity Vp of one grain of propane and the sedimentation velocity Vs of the propane slurry can be obtained.

All. Cluster-Settling Severity.

The degree of settling of the flock depends on the propensity of the propate to clump while the propane falls through the carrier medium. The effective diameter of the propane body falling off as a flock of propane particles increases. According to the Stokes equation, the sedimentation rate will gradually increase with increasing particle diameter (see Equation 1 below).

[Formula 1]

v _t : constant velocity of fluid under gravity and buoyancy (cm / s)

Δρ: Density difference between water and slurry

g: gravitational acceleration (980 cm / s ² )

d _p : propane diameter (cm)

μ: viscosity of fluid (mPa.s)

Equation (1) is a formula for determining V _t (sedimentation rate of the terminal section) and one propane particle settling velocity, and it is possible to measure the constant velocity of propane particles gravity and buoyancy.

Equation 2-4 is a formula for obtaining the total product diameter of the solidified propane by using the experimental value of V _s (slurry settling rate) through the LDR experiment, and is used to determine how much the propane is aggregated and to derive the result. The larger diameter (size) of the solidified propane accelerates the settling velocity and deviates from the experimental purpose. Therefore, the slurry fluid is selected through this value. In other words, the larger the viscosity of the fluid, the larger the propane size of the flock, the larger the size of the flock of propane, the faster the settling rate, so the effect of propane slurry will be lowered. have.

[Formula 2]

[Formula 3]

[Formula 4]

v _s : Slurry settling rate (experimental value) (cm / s)

v _t : constant velocity of fluid under gravity and buoyancy (cm / s)

g: gravitational acceleration (980 cm / s ² )

d _c : Overall diameter of the cohesive propane (cm)

d _p : propane diameter (cm)

μ: viscosity of fluid (mPa.s)

Equation 1 is the equation for obtaining the terminal velocity, Equation 2 is the equation using equation (1), equation using v _s (slurry settling velocity) obtained using the experimental apparatus, and Equation 3 is the equation using Equation 2, And Equation 4 is a formula summarizing Equation 3 with respect to d _c (total diameter of bundled propane).

This equation can be modified depending on the type of fluid used when the fluid has non-Newtonian properties.

<Examples>

Sample holder (measurement of fluid (2ppg slickwater) at crack thickness of 0.5Cm).

First, select a sample holder into which a slurry sample can be injected. In this experiment, a sample holder 20 having a flow path with a thickness of 0.5 cm was selected.

Next, the polymer solution was mixed according to the standard of slickwater. This solution is a fluid with low viscosity, density, and low friction. Alcoflood 254S (a kind of polymer) was mixed with distilled water and injected into a channel of a 0.5 cm sample holder 20 at 10 pptg (10 lbs / 1000 gallon equivalent to 1.2 gr / liter).

Then, select the propane. The amount of propane is determined by the concentration of the desired propane. 2ppg is approximately 240gr per liter of polymer solution. The inner volume of the sample holder 20 is measured; 0.5 x 25 x 5 cm = 62.5 cc. If so, the amount of propane required is; 62.5 / 1000 x 240 gr = 15gr. After injecting the calculated amount of propane into the sample holder, wipe off the overflowing fluid and seal with a cap. It is necessary to inspect the sample holder 20 for bubbles.

The data collector is connected to the computer equipped with the controller, and the power is turned on and the power is supplied to the light emitting unit. Using the software provided by the data collector, the respective light-receiving units are numbered sequentially (the light-receiving units are simply numbered sequentially from top to bottom or bottom to top). Recording is started and the propane slurry is introduced into the sample holder 20) until it is evenly distributed.

After the sample holder 20 is mounted between the light emitting portion 40 and the light receiving portions 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, and 50-4, recording is stopped when the propane slurry sinks.

The plotted voltage using the scatter-plot is shown in FIG. It is read in each light receiving part and takes 5 seconds as an average value. In order to reduce the noise of each data, noise at each data point (each light-receiving part is the same kind but an error (data point) exists and it is caught) The data obtained through experiments are calculated as shown in FIG. 4, and the start value of the Y-axis portion at which the reaction is started after filtering is filtered to 0 seconds and the result is calculated as shown in FIG. 5) is normalized . Figure 5 is an example of a normalized plot.

The velocity is obtained by measuring the time at which the measurement data of two neighboring light-receiving portions arrive at the same value (green box) in the graph. In this test, it was measured at 3.2 seconds. As a result, the velocity can be calculated by dividing the distance between the light-receiving units (set at 5 cm) by the settling time: 5 cm / 3.2 s = 1.57 cm / s.

&Lt; Analysis of Results from the Example >

 The precipitation of 2-ppg slick water propane slurry at 0.5 cm cracks shows the characteristics of disturbed sediment and concludes with the following information. Using Stokes' law, the average terminal velocity of particles with an average 50 US-mesh size is around 1.6170 cm / s. The amount of fluid that precipitates is limited, so that as the propane moves downward, the underlying fluid moves upwards. The brief moment of turbulence that occurs before the propane is constantly dropped through the fluid contributes to the vertical delay time of the propane movement.

Consequently, the precipitation rate of low propane concentration can be quantified and characterized using the present invention and related calculation methods.

10: container, 20: sample holder
21: holder body, 22: stopper
30: controller, 40:
50-1, 50-2, 50-3, 50-4:
60: Data Collector,

Claims (8)

A container having a space therein and configured such that no external light is incident on the container;
A sample holder including a transparent holder body in which a flow path is formed, and a cap for opening and closing the flow path of the holder body;
One or more light emitting portions disposed on both sides of the sample holder at respective predetermined intervals along the moving direction of the propane slurry accommodated in the sample holder to irradiate light to the sample holder, A propane precipitation sensor comprising a plurality of light-receiving units for measuring light, the propane precipitation sensor measuring the precipitation of propane in the propane slurry contained in the sample holder;
And a controller for calculating precipitation data including at least one of a settling time, a settling velocity and a floatation time of the propane in the propane slurry based on the value received by the light receiving unit of the propane precipitation sensor,
Wherein the light receiving unit is a light dependent resistors whose resistance value varies according to the intensity of light transmitted through the sample holder. The simulation apparatus for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas oil field. delete The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sample holder is replaceably mounted in the container. A simulation apparatus for verifying precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks in a shale gas field. A holder for a transparent body in which a flow path is formed and a cap for opening and closing the flow path of the holder body is accommodated in a flow path of a sample holder, A light emitting unit and a light receiving unit in a container equipped with a propane precipitation sensor including a light emitting unit and a plurality of light receiving units;
A photodetector for detecting received data based on intensity of light received by the light receiving unit after being irradiated by the light emitting unit and passing through the sample holder; Step 2;
And a third step of calculating precipitation data of propane in the propane slurry based on the received data detected through the second step,
In the second step, the resistance of the light-receiving unit is changed according to the intensity of light. In the third step, the current resistance value of the light-receiving unit is compared with a reference resistance value set for the first time, And the sedimentation time is calculated. The simulation method for confirming precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of the shale gas oil field. delete [Claim 4] The method according to claim 4, wherein in the third step, the sedimentation rate is calculated on the basis of the time of sensing the same voltage value in two neighboring light-receiving units among the plurality of light-receiving units. Simulation method for confirming sedimentation. [7] The method of claim 6, wherein the third step is to calculate the sedimentation rate based on the values of two neighboring light-receiving units that are not disposed on the top and bottom of the plurality of light-receiving units, A simulation method for confirming the precipitation of propane in various artificial cracks of a shale gas field. The method of claim 4,
The third step is a step

[v _s: slurry settling rate (experimental) (cm / s), v t: constant velocity (cm / s) of receiving the gravity and buoyancy the working fluid, d _c: Overall diameter (cm) of propane agent in mungchyeojyeo, d _p : propane diameter (cm)]
To determine the total diameter of the flock of the flock. &Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; 8. &lt; / RTI &gt;

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