KR101478586B1 - Apparatus and method for preventing the drain from freezing using the microwave - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drainage hole freezing prevention apparatus and a freeze prevention method using a microwave, and more particularly, to a drainage hole freeze prevention apparatus and a freeze prevention method using a microwave, A freeze prevention device for a drain hole and a freeze prevention method which can keep the temperature of the freeze point at or above a freezing point.
According to the present invention, it is possible to minimize the power consumption for heating the drain hole, to easily maintain the apparatus, and to reduce the maintenance cost.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a freeze prevention device for freezing a drain hole using a microwave,

The present invention relates to a device for preventing freezing of a drainage hole using a microwave, and more particularly, to a device for preventing the freezing point of a drainage hole in a winter season And to a method thereof.

A tunnel for collecting the effluent from the wall of the tunnel is generally installed at both ends of the tunnel, and the tunnel effluent collected in such a tunnel is discharged to the outside through a drain hole buried in the bottom of the tunnel. Reference)

A manhole is provided at a certain distance from the drain port. The upper part of the manhole is covered with a steel grating, and dew water or the like on the road flows into the inside of the manhole.

In winter, road surface is easy to freeze. Therefore, when designing the pavement layer, the pavement is generally constructed with a material that does not freeze to the freezing depth. However, the pavement is installed above the freezing depth and the cold air is introduced through the steel grating Therefore, the water inside the drain hole may be frozen. As the water in the drainage hole is frozen, the drainage water can not escape from the drainage hole to the drainage port. Therefore, the water in the drainage pipe may overflow, and the sludge introduced into the manhole can not escape through the drainage hole and overflows over the manhole . If the water in the drain hole is frozen in this way, the water overflowing from the culvert or manhole can freeze on the surface of the surface of the beater, and if severe, it may proceed to the driving lane and freeze to the lane. In this way, when the roadside of the vehicle is freezing, the driving vehicle slips and the likelihood of an accident increases. Especially, an accident in a tunnel can lead to a serious accident because it is difficult to secure a visibility unlike a general road section. Such a phenomenon is more likely to occur at the inlet or outlet of the tunnel, which is more affected by the outside air than the inside of the tunnel.

In order to prevent the freezing of the tunnel drain, a method of installing hot air in the upper part of the drain pipe constituting the drain pipe or wrapping the heating line around the drain pipe to prevent water in the drain pipe from freezing. However, in the conventional method as described above, when the amount of electric power is excessively large and a fault occurs in the hot air or the heating line is broken and the heating is not performed, the floor must be repaired or replaced by repairing or replacing.

Korean Patent No. 0783747, for example, discloses a related art in which the drainage of sewage to the ground prevents the occurrence of underground water shortage or flooding, and a large amount of sewage can be drained smoothly, Thereby preventing pollution from occurring in the tunnel. This technology prevents drainage to the ground through drains collected by collecting the collected water in case of a small amount of rain, and when the sewage is not drained through the drain, the guide cylinder is raised and drained So that it is possible to drain a large amount of sewage quickly and to close the opening of the guide cylinder by the opening / closing valve when the backwash of sewage occurs, thereby preventing the sewage from flowing backward. However, this technology is related to a drainage structure capable of effectively draining groundwater or sewage such as rainwater in the tunnel, and is far from preventing freezing of the drainage line in the winter season.

In addition, Korean Patent No. 0683558 discloses a method for improving the workability in the construction of an open drainage path in a tunnel, preventing leakage at the joint portion, making the appearance more beautiful, and reducing costs by shortening manpower, facilities and air by continuous construction And a method and a device for installing the drainage water. However, this technique explains that the above object can be achieved by using a pouring device for construction of an open-type open drain in a tunnel having a new structure, but it is not related to a method for preventing freezing of a drain in a winter tunnel .

Korean Patent Registration No. 0937259 discloses that when a vehicle traveling on a road passes through a pump bag in a tunnel, the pump bag repeats shrinkage and expansion so that water in the water collecting tank is sucked and supplied to the hydraulic motor to operate the hydraulic motor The nozzle block is sprayed downward through the nozzles of the nozzle block, and the nozzle block is moved forward and backward along the guide rail by the action of the hydraulic motor, the pulley, the vent and the connecting rod so that the sludge in the drain can be washed away by the water discharged from the nozzle Which is capable of preventing the sludge from being clogged continuously by the removal of the sludge without the power of the sewage sludge. However, this technique relates to an apparatus and method for removing sludge from a tunnel drain, and drainage in a winter tunnel is not related to a method of preventing icing.

In addition, Korean Patent No. 0477558 discloses a method of manufacturing a water supply duct by using polymer concrete having high strength and light weight, excellent resistance to freezing and thawing and excellent corrosion resistance to various chemical substances, It prevents water buoyancy from acting on the waterway itself by water infiltrating the bottom of the waterway and prevents the abnormal deformation of the waterway by the side wall earth pressure and makes it easy to assemble the vertical wall and bottom of the waterway unit in the field Polymer concrete drainage channel. However, this technology only describes a device for preventing the occurrence of water leakage in the toilet drainage, and drainage in the winter tunnel is not related to the method of preventing icing.

As described above, the conventional apparatus for preventing freezing of winter in drainage in a tunnel has not been deeply studied, and only a method using a conventional hot air heater or a heating wire has been used. Accordingly, various improvements have been required.

The present invention has been developed in consideration of the circumstances of the prior art as described above. The present invention can be applied not only to the entrance and exit of a tunnel but also to a general road section. It can be installed simply under the road surface to heat the drain hole, The present invention provides a new concept of a freeze prevention device for a drainage port and a method for preventing freezing of a drainage port using the same.

In order to achieve the above object,

A heating unit installed at the periphery of the drain pipe to heat the drain pipe and to be embedded in the lower part of the road surface;

A waveguide connected to both ends of the microwave generator disposed outside the heating unit and the road surface to transmit the microwave generated from the microwave generator to the heating unit; And

And a microwave generator for supplying a microwave to the heating unit through the waveguide,

Wherein the heating unit comprises a resonance room for irregularly reflecting microwaves transmitted from the waveguide and a heating element for absorbing microwaves reflected from the resonance room to generate heat and to heat the drain pipe by the heat,

Wherein the heating element comprises a metal oxide-containing composition containing at least 4% by weight of at least one iron oxide compound selected from the group consisting of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO, and is heated by a microwave of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. A drain hole freezing prevention device is provided.

In order to achieve the above object,

Forming a drainage passage in the direction of the road at a roadside and installing a drainage pipe;

A heat generating part for generating heat by microwaves is provided around the installed drain pipe, both ends of the waveguide are connected to a microwave generator installed outside the heating part and the road surface, the upper part of the heating part is closed with mortar, Comprising a heating system that covers and covers a heating system by microwaves; And

And a microwave is generated by supplying power to the microwave generator and is supplied to a heating unit which generates heat by the microwave through the waveguide to generate heat in the heating unit, A method for preventing freezing of a drain hole using a microwave,

Wherein the heat generating part generated by the microwave includes a resonant room for irregularly reflecting microwaves transmitted from the waveguide and a heating element for absorbing microwaves reflected from the resonant room to generate heat and to heat the inside of the drain by the heat, Containing composition containing at least 4% by weight of at least one iron oxide compound selected from the group consisting of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO, and is heated by a microwave of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. ≪ / RTI >

The features and advantages of the drain hole freeze prevention device and the freeze prevention method using the microwave according to the present invention will be described as follows.

1. First, a freezing prevention device for a drain hole according to the present invention uses a heating system in which a heating method of a drain pipe generates heat by microwaves. The temperature of a heating element can easily rise even with a small amount of microwaves, Therefore, it is possible to maintain the desired temperature even if a much smaller amount of electric power is used than the conventional method using the hot air or the heating wire.

2. Also, in the drainage hole freezing prevention system according to the present invention, the heat generating part is installed in the drainage pipe at the bottom of the road surface, the waveguide is connected to the management device including the external microwave generator, and the heating part is closed with the road surface material. Therefore, installation is easy.

3. Furthermore, by installing a management device including a microwave generator on the outside of a tunnel wall and the like, it is easy to manage such as repairs and parts replacement work, and the management cost is low.

4. It can be used not only in drainage on the side of the tunnel entrance and exit, but also on the drainage of general road section or on the water / sewer section exposed to the outside air.

1 is a view showing a cross section of a drainage passage on the side of a conventional tunnel.
2 is a view showing a drainage channel side plane of a conventional tunnel side.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a side of a drainage channel on a side of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing a drainage channel side plane of a tunnel side according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a perspective view showing a drainage side of a tunnel side according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments thereof. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the scope of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a drainage passage side surface of a conventional tunnel side, and FIG. 2 is a view showing its plane.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the drainage channel on the side of the conventional tunnel, the drainage of the tunnel generated from the back surface of the tunnel lining 11 flows out to the drainage pipe 16 through the pipe line 12, The generated effluent water is collected in the cavity 13, and the tunnel effluent collected in the cavity is collected through a drainage pipe 16 embedded in the lower part of the cavity through the outflow pipe 15 and discharged to the outside. At this time, the drain pipes 16 are continuously connected to form a drain hole. The drain hole is provided with a manhole for maintenance at a certain distance along the notch, and the upper part of the manhole is covered with a steel grating 17, It is common to let the above-mentioned dew water flow into the inside.

In addition, effluent water generated at the lower part of the road is discharged through the blind culvert 18. This type of blast furnace is mainly used to drain the effluent generated during construction and serves as a passage through which the effluent generated from the lower part of the road is discharged after completion of the construction. Since such blast furnace is usually installed at the lower part of the freezing depth, . However, since the water pipe 16 is installed above the freezing depth and the cold air is introduced through the steel grating 17, the water inside the water outlet is likely to be frozen, The effluent discharged through the cavity or the pipe can not escape to the drainage port, so that water may flow over the tunnel, and even if the tunnel wall surface is freezing, the stability of the tunnel may be affected have. In addition, the water flowing into the manhole can not escape to the outside through the drainage hole and can flood over the manhole, and the overflowing water can freeze on the surface of the water surface, If the noises or driving lanes are frozen in this way, the driving vehicle or the like slips and the likelihood of accidents becomes high.

Therefore, in order to prevent the above-described problems from occurring, it is necessary to keep the water in the tunnel drain pipe from freezing.

Conventionally, a method of installing hot air on the upper part of the drain pipe or wrapping the drain pipe on the heating line to prevent freezing of the drain pipe is used, which has a problem that the power consumption is excessively large and maintenance is difficult.

The present invention is a newly developed invention for solving such a problem.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a drainage channel side of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view thereof.

The present invention is characterized in that a heating unit 20 for heating a drain pipe is installed around a drain pipe 16 to prevent freezing of a drain pipe and the waveguide The microwave generator 24 is connected to the end of the waveguide, and the microwave generated by the microwave generator is transmitted to the heating unit through the waveguide. The microwave is diffused and diffused in the heating unit, The heat generating element 22 is provided at the end of the resonance chamber 21 to generate heat to thereby heat the drain pipe 16 to prevent freezing of the drain hole.

In the present invention, the heating unit 20 is embedded in the lower part of the road surface and is not exposed to the outside, and the waveguide 23 is connected to the microwave generator 24 provided on the outside of the road surface, for example, So that the microwave generated by the microwave generator 24 is transmitted to the heating unit 20. Since the waveguide 23 connecting the microwave generator 24 and the heating unit 20 has a distance between the microwave generator 24 and the heating unit 2, .

In the present invention, the heating unit 20 includes a resonance chamber 21 for diffusing microwaves transmitted from the waveguide, a heating element 22 for generating heat by absorbing the microwaves reflected in the resonance chamber, ), And the heating element (22) is made of a composition containing a metal oxide, and the metal oxide preferably contains at least 4% by weight of at least one iron oxide compound of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO Do. In the present invention, the composition containing the metal oxide as described above is maintained at a high heating efficiency by the microwave in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz.

At this time, a dispersing device for efficiently dispersing the microwave transmitted from the waveguide 23 may be provided in the resonance chamber 21. The dispersing device may be, for example, a wedge-shaped metal member attached to the opposite side of the workpiece from which the microwave is propagated in the wave guide, or a device for dispersing the microwave entirely by installing the stirrer therein. Further, the waveguide may be provided so as to protrude slightly toward the resonance room, and may have a shape (funnel shape) in which the width of the waveguide becomes wider as the end portion of the waveguide is more distant from the starting side.

In the present invention, only one waveguide 23 may be formed, but when the size of the heat generating portion 2 is large, a plurality of waveguides may be connected to improve the heat generating efficiency. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide 23 may be a square shape such as a square, a rectangle, a trapezoid, or the like, a circular shape such as a circle, a semicircle, an ellipse, or a triangle shape. The material of the waveguide is suitably a material that can transmit the microwave as far as possible without attenuating the microwave. Examples of the material include stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum, aluminum, and copper.

The resonance chamber 21 in the present invention is a space serving to diffuse the microwave emitted from the waveguide 23 to the heating element 22. Various devices for efficiently diffusing the microwave may be additionally provided in the resonance room.

The heating unit 20 embedded in a lower portion of the road surface is connected to the waveguide 23 and the waveguide extends to the outside and the microwave generator 24 installed on the outer surface of the road surface, . The microwave generator 24 includes a high voltage transformer and a magnetron, and may further include a high voltage condenser and a high voltage diode. The high voltage transformer transforms the commercial AC voltage input from the outside into a high voltage (for example, about 4 kilovolts [kV]) suitable for high frequency generation and applies it to the magnetron. The magnetron generates high frequency oscillation by the high voltage applied from the high voltage transformer Thereby generating microwaves. It is preferable to use the 2,450 MHz band in order to utilize the advantage of the microwave frequency, such as Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) frequency. However, it is not limited to this, Microwave having a frequency in the range of 300 GHz can be used in various ways. A cooling fan is installed in a lower portion of the magnetron to cool the high temperature generated by the magnetron when the magnetron is driven. The cooling fan is connected to the fan motor. When a commercial AC voltage is applied to the fan motor from the outside, The cooling fan is driven by the fan motor to blow the external cool air to the magnetron to cool the high temperature generated in the magnetron. However, cooling fans may be excluded when separate cooling devices are not required, such as when using other devices for cooling the magnetron or when exposed to the outside. The microwave generator 24 may be fixed to one of the side surface, the upper surface, and the lower surface of the waveguide 23 by a fixing bracket.

In the present invention, the heat generating unit 22 is made of a heat resistant plate structure made of a ceramic material. When a microwave is irradiated to a ceramic material plate having a high dielectric loss factor, heat is generated by the rotation of a + dipole. In the present invention, a perforated plate may be additionally provided on the upper portion of the heat generating unit 20 to prevent the microwave from being exposed to the outside. Such a perforated plate is made of a metal plate structure having a plurality of holes, and it is possible to prevent microwave leakage from the resonance chamber 21 to the outside. However, it can be installed without using a perforated plate for applications where microwave exposure is not a problem.

In the present invention, in order to facilitate the installation of the heat generating unit 2 and to maximize the heat generation efficiency, it is preferable that the periphery of the drain pipe is closely adhered to the mortar having finished and finished with mortar.

In addition, it is preferable that a heat insulating material is provided between the heat generating part 20 and the road surface material to prevent the heat generated from being exposed to the outside. It is preferable that such a heat insulating material is a material that can pass through the microwave without attenuation and withstand high temperatures. Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, glass wool, concrete, gypsum, heat-resistant plastic, heat-resistant ceramic, heat-resistant paper, and stone powder. It is preferable that the outer surface is closed as the road surface material after the heat insulating material is finished so that the heat generating portion is not exposed to the outside.

Hereinafter, a special material having a characteristic of being able to generate heat by absorbing microwaves scattered in a resonance room will be described in detail as a heating element 22 of a freezing apparatus using a microwave according to the present invention.

In the present invention, the meaning of " ideal " means that the value is not less than the corresponding value, and generally has an upper limit that is reasonably understandable in the field to which the present technology belongs. Means that the invention has a lower limit of common sense and reasonably understandable in the field to which the present invention belongs, it should be understood as an expression for expressing the invention in a simple and clear manner.

The material used for the heating element 22 of the present invention is a metal oxide which contains 4 wt% or more of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO, or a mixture thereof in a stable state and is heated by a microwave of 300 MHz to 300 GHz Containing composition according to the present invention. At this time, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO or a mixture thereof is contained in an amount of not less than 4% by weight, preferably 4 to 95% by weight of the total composition. When the content is less than 4% by weight, the heat-generating efficiency is low and the practical application is difficult.

In addition, in the present invention, the metal oxide-containing composition may further include Al ₂ O ₃ in addition to Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO, or a mixture thereof, and the content of Al ₂ O ₃ , 1% by weight or more, and more preferably 1 to 50% by weight.

Examples of the metal oxide contained in the metal oxide-containing composition of the present invention include Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO, or a mixture thereof in an amount of 4 to 95 wt% of the total composition, and the content of Al ₂ O ₃ 1 to 50% by weight of the total composition, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. In the case where the value obtained by adding the above content range is not 100, it should be understood that other components are further included.

In addition, the present invention may further include other metal oxides in addition to Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO or mixtures thereof and Al ₂ O _3. Examples of such additional metal oxides include CaO, SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , MgO, and the like, and one or more selected from these may be further included, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

At this time, polar materials such as at least one of iron oxide compounds of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O _4, and FeO, Al ₂ O _3, or mixtures thereof may be appropriately mixed and distributed with materials such as CaO, SiO ₂ , TiO _2, , It has a stable crystal structure form.

Examples of the metal oxide-containing composition that generates heat by microwave in the present invention include a rapid cooling steelmaking slag composition having a particle size of 10 mm or less and a sphericity of 0.5 or more, a slow cooling steel slag composition having a particle size of 10 mm or less, A red mud composition having a particle size of 1 mm or less, a hematite composition having a particle size of 25 mm or less, a purified fly ash composition having a particle size of 10 mm or less, and a purified loess composition having a particle size of 1 mm or less However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The type of composition specifically exemplified above is not used as it is in the conventional form, but is prepared and used in a purified form using a specific screening and purification method.

Hereinafter, such a selection / purification method will be described in more detail.

First, an example of a method of manufacturing the rapid-cooling steelmaking slag composition according to the present invention is as follows. That is, the rapid cooling steelmaking slag having a particle size of 10 mm or less is selected through a sieving process in the first step, and at least one of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO is present as a stable mineral phase The rapid-cooling steelmaking slag is selected by using a magnetic separator having a magnetic force of 500 gauss or more, preferably 700 to 5,000 gauss, and then a quenched steelmaking slag composition is produced by a microwave having a sphericity of 0.5 or more through a spherical separator. At this time, the above-described seeding process, spherical sorting process, and magnetic force selecting process may be performed in sequence or simultaneously, all of which are included in the scope of the present invention.

An example of a method of producing the slow cooling steel slag composition according to the present invention is as follows. That is, in the first step, a slow-cooling steel slag having a particle size of 10 mm or less after crushing and sieving is subjected to a magnetic force of 300 gauss or more, preferably 500 to 2000 gauss, The metal slag and the metal particles kneaded are removed. In the second step, the slow cooling steel slag obtained in the first step is subjected to a magnetic separator having a magnetic force of 500 gauss or more, preferably 700 to 5,000 gauss, and Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO are identified as stable minerals Thereby producing a slow cooling steel slag composition which is heated by the microwave present in the content. At this time, the granularity selection process and the magnetic force selection process may be changed in sequence or simultaneously, all of which are included in the scope of the present invention.

An example of a method for producing the copper or zinc smelting slag composition according to the present invention is as follows. That is, in a first step, a copper or zinc smelting slag having a particle size of 10 mm or less after crushing and sieving is subjected to a magnetic separator having a magnetic force of 300 gauss or more, preferably 500 to 2000 gauss To remove the metal particles kneaded with the copper or zinc smelting slag. In the second step, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , and FeO were produced by using a magnetic separator having a magnetic force intensity of 500 Gauss or more, preferably 700 to 5,000 Gauss in the copper or zinc smelting slag obtained in the first step A copper or zinc smelting slag composition is produced which is exothermed by a microwave present in a certain amount in a stable mineral phase. At this time, the granularity selection process and the magnetic force selection process may be changed in sequence or simultaneously, all of which are included in the scope of the present invention.

An example of a method for producing the purified fly ash composition according to the present invention is as follows. That is, the first step is a sieving process to purify granular or briquettes by centrifugal separation method or electrostatic separation method for coal fly ash having a particle size of 10 mm or less. As a second step, the coal fly ash recovered in the first step is subjected to a magnetic separator having a magnetic force of 500 Gauss or more, preferably 700 to 5000 Gauss, and a specific mineral content of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , A purified fly ash composition is produced which is exothermed by the microwave present. At this time, the particle size selection process, the purification process, and the magnetic force selection process may be changed in sequence or simultaneously, all of which are included in the scope of the present invention.

An example of a method for producing the purified loess composition according to the present invention is as follows. That is, in the first step, the organic matter and the impurities are sufficiently removed after exposure at a temperature of 50 ° C. or more, preferably 70 to 200 ° C. for a sufficient time to remove the organic substances and impurities therein, the step in sibing screening ocher or less particles through (sieving) process, size 1mm, the magnetic force strength of 500 Gauss or more, preferably 700 ~ 5,000 using a magnetic separator _{Fe 2 O 3, Fe 3 O} 4, the Gaussian FeO A purified loess composition is produced which is generated by a microwave present in a specific amount in a stable mineral phase. At this time, the organic and impurity removal processes, the particle size selection process, and the magnetic separation process may be performed in sequence or simultaneously, all of which are included in the scope of the present invention.

An example of a method for producing a red mud composition according to the present invention is as follows. That is, in order to remove the organic substances and impurities in the first stage, the organic substances and the impurities are sufficiently removed at a temperature of 50 ° C. or higher, preferably 70 ° C. to 200 ° C. for a sufficient time, and then subjected to a sieving process Red mud with a particle size of 1 mm or less is selected. As a second step, a magnetic separator having a magnetic force of 500 Gauss or more, preferably 700 to 5,000 Gauss is used as a second step, and Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO are dispersed in a microwave To produce a red mud composition. At this time, the organic and impurity removal processes, the particle size selection process, and the magnetic separation process may be performed in sequence or simultaneously, all of which are included in the scope of the present invention.

Finally, an example of a method for producing the hematite composition according to the present invention is as follows. That is, in the first step, hematite having a particle size of 25 mm or less is selected through crushing and sieving processes. In the second step, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , and FeO are generated by a microwave existing in a large amount in a stable mineral state by using a magnetic separator having a magnetic force of 500 Gauss or more, preferably 700 to 5,000 Gauss from the hematite A hematite composition is prepared. At this time, the granularity selection process and the magnetic force selection process may be changed in sequence or simultaneously, all of which are included in the scope of the present invention.

Microwave-irradiated pyrogen (MIP) was named for a composition that generates Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , and FeO by a microwave present in a stable mineral state in a specific amount or more. The components (components after purification) not selected by the MIP of the present invention can be used for other purposes, for example, as fillers for concrete compositions.

Generally, unheated steelmaking slag, loess, clay, fly ash, etc., are not only large in size but also contain a large amount of bulk metal. This is because the bulk metal reflects most of the microwaves and thus is difficult to be used for heating. In addition, the iron oxide compound such as Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O _4, and FeO must be contained in a specific amount or more in order to exert a heat generating effect. In the present invention, the range is set to 4 wt% or more of the total metal oxide-containing composition, but a more preferable range is 8 wt% or more.

Hereinafter, the principle that the metal oxide-containing composition according to the present invention generates heat by microwaves will be described in detail. The microwave indicates an electromagnetic wave having a frequency in a range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz (wavelength 1 m to 1 mm). The microwave used in everyday life can be exemplified by that used in a microwave oven. In this case, the microwave is generally used at a frequency of 2.45 GHz And has an output of 0.2 to 3 kW. The principle of heating using microwaves is to heat the dielectric by molecular motion and ion conduction by the action of an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. In the case of water, the change of the electric field of the water molecule (electric dipole) is later than the change of the microwave electric field, so that it acts as a resistance of the microwave electric field change, and the vibration heat is generated and heated. However, since the bulk metal reflects most of the microwaves, there are few examples used for heating. However, _{Fe 2 O 3, Fe 3 O} 4, FeO or Al ₂ O _3, etc. If a ceramic material are irradiated with microwaves to the particles present in a stable form microwaves of a polar _{Fe 2 O 3, Fe 3 O} 4, FeO or Al ₂ O ₃ is vibrated, the microwave penetrates into the non-conductive ceramic material and is absorbed and heated.

In general, the depth of microwave penetration of ceramics materials is several tens of times greater than that of water, so that the energy of microwaves deeply penetrates into the ceramic material. However, if the thickness of the material is thinner than the penetration depth, only a part of the energy of the supplied microwaves is absorbed by the material and the unabsorbed energy is emitted after leaving the material. However, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO or Al ₂ O ₃ is present, the unabsorbed energy is reflected by a metal such as Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO, or Al ₂ O ₃ in the material and supplies energy again to the ceramic material . However, in this case, if the shape of the composition is elongated and sharp or angular, energy loss occurs at the corner portion, so that the shape of the composition is more spherical in order to reduce the energy loss. Therefore, when materials such as Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO, or Al ₂ O _{3 in a} stable state and materials such as CaO, SiO ₂ , MgO, and TiO ₂ are appropriately mixed and distributed, Fe ₂ O ₃ , FeO, Al ₂ O ₃ has a stable crystal structure form by CaO, SiO ₂ , MgO, TiO _{2 or the} like. In particular, the quenched steelmaking slag composition or the like having a spherical shape (preferably a sphere ratio of 0.5 or more) can exhibit the effect of heating by vibration and heating by absorption. Here, the sphericity is, in other words, the shape factor, which means the ratio of the smallest diameter to the longest side diameter of the particle. If the quench steelmaking slag having a sphericity of less than 0.5 is crushed, the microwave can converge to a pointed portion. In this case, there is a problem that a spark may occur, which may restrict the use. Since such rapid steelmaking slag has the characteristics of a semi-insulator which is intermediate between a conductor and a non-conductor, absorption heating and induction heating are performed, and internal microwaves are transferred according to the charged state. That is, when the microwave is applied to the continuous spherical rapid cooling steel making slag, the microwave is transferred along the rapid cooling steel slag by the surface effect, and absorption heating and induction heating are performed in the adjacent rapid cooling steel slag as before.

In addition to this, in addition to a spherical shape, a large amount of polar material such as Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , and FeO and a specific particle having appropriately mixed and distributed materials such as Al ₂ O ₃ , CaO, SiO ₂ , MgO, TiO ₂ , The zinc-smelting slag composition, the red mud composition (a by-product generated in the smelting of aluminum) and the hematite composition, the purified fly ash composition and the purified yellow loose composition exhibit the effect of heating by vibration and absorption heating .

For this purpose, the present inventors have made a composition comprising CaO, SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , MgO and the like in the presence of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO or Al ₂ O ₃ as a stable mineral phase, Or less, can be heated very rapidly and stably by microwave irradiation.

As described above, the composition (MIP) generated by the microwave of 300 MHz to 300 GHz in which Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO, or a mixture thereof is present in a stable mineral phase in a specific amount or more and does not have a carbon component such as graphite, .

In the present invention, it is effective that at least 4% by weight of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , FeO or a mixture thereof is contained in the composition in order to generate heat by microwave, more preferably not less than 8% good. In this case, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO may be contained singly or two or more of them may be mixed. Also, in order for the refined fly ash composition and the purified loess composition to exothermically emit microwave, at least 4 wt% of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO, and 1 wt% or more of Al ₂ O ₃ More preferably at least 5% by weight of Al ₂ O ₃ .

In the present invention, the metal oxide-containing composition may be provided in the form of a particle, or may be provided in the form of a mortar block of the metal oxide-containing composition and cement. In the case of being provided in the form of a mortar block, the metal oxide-containing composition according to the present invention may be used as an aggregate substitute.

Since the temperature of the heating element 22 according to the present invention is rapidly increased even when only a small amount of microwaves are supplied and the temperature lowering speed is very slow, the temperature of the heating element 22 It is advantageous in that the power consumption can be drastically reduced as compared with the case using the conventional hot air fan or the case using the heating wire.

In the present invention, the heating element 22 is a material which is known as a material which is heated by a microwave and the metal oxide-containing composition. However, it is not limited to graphite, impression graphite, artificial graphite, carbon fiber, (SiC), or the like.

The freezing apparatus used in the present invention can be applied to a general road section, a water supply and drainage system, and particularly, when it is used for a drain port formed at an entrance or an exit of a tunnel, it is possible to prevent the freezing of the road surface.

The present invention also includes a method for preventing a freezing of a drain hole by using a drain hole freezing prevention device using a microwave.

That is, the method of preventing freezing of a drain hole using a microwave according to the present invention

Forming a drainage passage in the direction of the road at a roadside and installing a drainage pipe;

A heat generating part for generating heat by microwaves is provided around the installed drain pipe, both ends of the waveguide are connected to a microwave generator installed outside the heating part and the road surface, the upper part of the heating part is closed with mortar, Comprising a heating system that covers and covers a heating system by microwaves; And

And a microwave is generated by supplying power to the microwave generator and is supplied to a heating unit which generates heat by the microwave through the waveguide to generate heat in the heating unit, A method for preventing freezing of a drain hole using a microwave,

Wherein the heat generating part generated by the microwave includes a resonant room for irregularly reflecting microwaves transmitted from the waveguide and a heating element for absorbing microwaves reflected from the resonant room to generate heat and to heat the inside of the drain by the heat, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO in an amount of 4 wt% or more, and is characterized in that it is heated by a microwave of 300 MHz to 300 GHz.

The details of the method for freezing the drain port according to the present invention are the same as those described in the section related to the drain port freeze prevention apparatus according to the present invention, and thus a duplicate description thereof will be omitted.

The present invention has been described above with respect to an apparatus and method for preventing freezing of a drain hole using a microwave. According to the present invention, it is possible to minimize the power consumption for heating the drain hole, to easily maintain the apparatus, and to reduce the maintenance cost.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. And should be construed as falling within the scope of protection.

11: Tunnel lining 12: Pipe
13: cavity 14: cavity cover
14 ': Cavity cover cover groove 15: Outflow tube
16: Water pipe 17: Steel grating
18: Bengal cave 19: The road
20: heating part 21: resonance room
22: Heating element 23: Waveguide
24: microwave generator 25: high voltage transformer

Claims (10)

A heating unit installed on an upper portion or a side portion of the drain pipe to heat the drain pipe and to be embedded in the lower portion of the road surface;
Both ends of the microwave generator provided on the heating portion and the wall surface of the tunnel

A waveguide connected to the microwave generator and transmitting the microwave generated from the microwave generator to the heating unit; And
And a microwave generator for supplying a microwave to the heating unit through the waveguide,
Wherein the heat generating unit comprises a resonance room for diffusely reflecting microwaves transmitted from the waveguide and a heating element for generating heat by absorbing the microwaves reflected from the resonance room and heating the drain pipe by the heat, And a dispersing device in which a wedge-shaped metal member is attached on the opposite side of the room,
Wherein the heating element comprises a metal oxide-containing composition containing at least 4% by weight of at least one iron oxide compound selected from the group consisting of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ and FeO, and is heated by microwave at 300 MHz to 300 GHz, Wherein the oxide-containing composition is provided in a particle form, and the heating element is made of a mixture of the metal oxide-containing composition and silicon carbide.
delete [2] The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the periphery of the drain pipe is installed in close contact with the heating part in the mortar finished and finished mortar.
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating material is provided between the heating unit and the road surface material.
The metal oxide containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the metal oxide-containing composition constituting the heating element is a rapid-cooling steelmaking slag composition having a particle size of 10 mm or less and a sphericity of 0.5 or more, a slow cooling steel slag composition having a particle size of 10 mm or less, A red mud composition having a particle size of 1 mm or less, a hematite composition having a particle size of 25 mm or less, a purified fly ash composition having a particle size of 10 mm or less, and a purified loess composition having a particle size of 1 mm or less A freezing prevention device for a drain hole using a microwave.
delete delete delete [2] The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drain hole is a drain hole formed at an entrance or an exit of the tunnel.
Forming a drainage passage in the direction of the road at a roadside and installing a drainage pipe;
A heat generating part that generates heat by microwaves is provided on the upper or side of the installed drain pipe and the both ends of the wave guide are connected to the microwave generator provided on the heating part and the wall surface of the tunnel

And heating the upper part of the heating part with mortar, covering the upper part of the mortar with the road surface material and generating heat by the microwave; And
And a microwave is generated by supplying power to the microwave generator and is supplied to a heating unit which generates heat by the microwave through the waveguide to generate heat in the heating unit, A method for preventing freezing of a drain hole using a microwave,
Wherein the heating unit that generates heat by the microwave includes a resonance room for irregularly reflecting the microwave transmitted from the waveguide and a heating element for generating heat by absorbing the microwaves reflected from the resonance room and heating the inside of the drain by the heat, Wherein the heating element comprises at least 4 wt% of at least one iron oxide compound selected from the group consisting of Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O _4, and FeO, and a dispersing device in which a wedge-shaped metal member is attached on the opposite side of the resonance chamber in which the microwave is propagated. Wherein the metal oxide-containing composition is in the form of particles, and the heating element is a mixture of the metal oxide-containing composition and the silicon carbide The microwave oven according to claim 1, A method of preventing freezing.

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