KR101466351B1 - Construction method of slope landscape vegetation using high-performance wet shotcrete and mesh - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a plant and a landscape structure in a vegetation space by installing a high-performance wet shotcrete composition so as to form a vegetation space on a slope and then, by maintaining the high performance of the wet shotcrete while considering the green environment and environment- The present invention relates to a slope surface vegetation construction method using a high-performance wet shotcrete and an ecological network capable of reducing maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a slope landscape vegetation using high-performance wet shotcrete and an ecological mesh,

The present invention relates to a slope-type vegetation planting method, and more particularly, to a method of constructing a slope-type vegetation planting method by installing a high-performance wet shotcrete composition so as to form a vegetation space on a slope, The present invention relates to a slope surface vegetation construction method using a high-performance wet shotcrete and an ecological mesh capable of reducing greenhouse and environment friendliness as well as reducing maintenance costs due to long-term serviceability.

Generally, wet shotcrete is a concept that is distinguished from dry shotcrete. It refers to concrete that is sprayed by adding water to the spraying device when mixing materials, increasing the spraying speed by applying air from the nozzle, Screw and piston pump.

This method has been in use for about 50 years and has been particularly active in the development of equipment and materials during the 1970s and 1980s (ACI 506R-05).

Since the wet shotcrete has a predetermined mixing ratio, the quality of the wet shotcrete can be easily controlled as compared with the dry shotcrete because the pre-blended material is sprayed thereinto, and the wet shotcrete is suitable for mass construction, and rebound and dust are less generated.

On the other hand, there is a drawback that the equipment is large and restricted in materials used, and the transport distance is shorter than that of dry shotcrete.

In recent years, along with the development of wet shotcrete for construction and maintenance, research is being conducted to reduce the capacity and size of equipment and to apply small-diameter hoses.

However, the need for research on a wet shotcrete composition has been emphasized in order to increase the performance of the conventional wet shotcrete and to be used for various purposes.

First, the range of shotcrete used in Korea is limited.

Shotcrete used in Korea is mainly used for stabilization of tunnel and underground slope as a primary support material and is used only for initial deformation restraint and is not used as a main structural material but recently shotcrete has been used as a main structural material, (Single shell method), main structural materials of structures, and maintenance of all structures.

As a result, there is growing interest in the application of shotcrete in the single-shell method, construction and maintenance of the structure in Korea. In other words, the development of materials for the high strength, high durability and high porosity of shotcrete is increasingly required.

Second, it is about quality control defects.

Since the quality of shotcrete used in Korea is 21 MPa, quality of shotcrete is low and quality of shotcrete used in Korea is currently being used as the primary support material, and it is necessary to secure long-term strength and durability by overlaying concrete (tunnel: lining) As a result, the initial strength is designed to prevent deformation at the initial stage, and efforts and awareness for high performance of the shotcrete are very insufficient.

Third, the necessity of development of high performance wet shotcrete is highlighted.

In general, the definition of high performance concrete is defined as high strength and high durability of concrete, but in case of wet shotcrete, high performance should be added to high performance. Recently, research on high purity, high durability as well as high porosity (pumping performance, rebound ratio, adhesion performance) has been actively conducted domestically and abroad for high performance of wet shotcrete.

Wet shotcrete is composed of the process of material being transported through a hose by a pump and the process of spraying onto a target (target structure). At this time, due to the nature of the material, high yield stress and viscosity shall. That is, it is necessary to provide a material excellent in adhesion when the shotcrete is poured in a state in which fluidity with excellent pumping performance is secured.

On the other hand, concrete (shotcrete) construction materials most commonly used in civil engineering and construction are not in harmony with the surrounding natural environment due to gray light and monotonous appearance as compared with natural materials, and they are recognized as inhuman and unnatural materials. Which causes deterioration of the surrounding landscape due to surface deterioration and occurrence of cracks. Recently, there is a need for research on construction technology that can provide environmentally friendly and harmonious space for the space made of concrete material.

In addition, high - performance wet shotcrete with high strength and high durability is required as a construction condition where economical efficiency is important at the time of construction of high performance wet shotcrete due to high cost of materials.
[Prior Art Literature]
Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2008-0001582

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-performance wet shotcrete composition for forming a vegetation space on a slope and to provide a plant and a landscape structure in a vegetation space. The present invention provides a slope type vegetation planting method using a high-performance wet shotcrete and an ecological network that can maintain a high performance of a wet shotcrete while taking into consideration green environment and environment friendliness and having a long-term commonality and reducing maintenance cost.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a slope-type vegetation planting method using a high-performance wet shotcrete and an ecological network in which the compressibility of the wet shotcrete is improved and the deterioration and cracking are not easily generated for a long period of time have.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cement admixture which is excellent in pumping performance and has reduced rebound at the time of putting, including a silica fume, an expanding material and an AE agent, The present invention provides a slope type vegetation construction method using high-performance wet shotcrete and an ecological network.

The present invention relates to a slope surface vegetation construction method using a high-performance wet shotcrete and an ecological network,

A slope stabilization step of stabilizing the slope of the cut-away surface or the embankment surface;

A space forming step of securing a plurality of space forming openings for forming an ecological network and a vegetation space of plants on a stable slope;

A reinforcing steel reinforcing step of reinforcing and reinforcing a reinforcing steel on a slope so as not to overlap with the space forming part;

A shotcrete laying step for laying a high-performance wet shotcrete composition on a slope on which the reinforcing bars are laid;

A wet curing step of wet curing to prevent shrinkage cracking of the shotcrete laying surface;

Applying a coloring agent and a coating agent to the surface of the shotcrete to show the surface texture of the natural rock;

A space forming step of separating the space forming tool from the shotcrete mounting surface coated with the coloring agent and the coating agent;

And a vegetation vegetation step of planting seeds of plants in the ecological network and vegetation.

According to the present invention, by installing a high-performance wet shotcrete composition so as to form a vegetation space on a slope and then planting a plant and a landscape structure in the vegetation space, the wet environment is maintained while maintaining the high performance of the wet shotcrete, It is possible to have an advantage in economical efficiency because it has commonality and reduces maintenance cost.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the workability of the high-performance wet shotcrete, and to provide improved deterioration and cracking for a long period of time as compared with existing concrete, as well as to improve the compressive strength to facilitate maintenance.

Further, according to the present invention, a high-performance wet shotcrete composition containing silica fume, an expanding agent and an AE agent is used to improve the pumping performance, reduce the rebound at the time of putting, improve the sticking performance after shotcrete installation, The shrinkage cracks do not occur in the process, so that the user can have an advantage of improving the reliability of the quality.

1 is a flow chart
2 to 10 show the construction process of the present invention

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to a slope surface vegetation construction method using a high-performance wet shotcrete and an ecological network, wherein the slope stabilization step (S1), the space forming step fixing step (S2), the reinforcing steel building step (S3), the shotcrete laying step construction step A curing step S5, a coloring agent and coating material application step S6, a space formation step separation step S7, and a plant vegetation step S8.

1 is a flow chart of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the slope stabilization step S1 stabilizes the slope 10 by using a slope stabilizing member on the cut slope or embankment surface to which the plant vegetation and the landscape structure 600 are to be applied.

The slope stabilizing member 11 is preferably at least one of a rock bolt and an earth anchor.

3 to 4, a plurality of space forming ports 100 forming an ecological network 500 and vegetation vegetation space 400 are connected to a slope 10 (see FIG. 3) The above-described ecological network 500 is preferably formed of a fibrous material, but it should not hinder the growth of the plant.

The space forming part 100 is fixed to the slope 10 by a separate fixing member (not shown) so as to be positioned on the upper part of the mesh network 500. The space forming part 100 is formed by a high performance wet shotcrete It can be fixed.

5, the reinforcing steel reinforcing step S3 may be performed by using a reinforcing bar 200 such as an anchor bolt on the slope 10 so as not to overlap with the space forming unit 100 fixed to the slope 10, It is sufficient to arrange and fix it in a lattice shape so that the tensile force is generated.

At this time, a reinforcing net in which the reinforcing bars 200 are formed in a lattice shape may be used. In the reinforcing net, a plurality of spaces to which the space forming holes 100 are coupled should be formed.

6, the high-performance wet shotcrete composition is installed on the slope 10 on which the reinforcing bars 200 are laid, and the reinforcing bars 200 are integrally molded so that the reinforcing bars 200 are embedded Thereby forming a shotcrete laying surface 300.

The high-performance wet shotcrete composition is produced directly on site in a mobile mixer equipment. The shotcrete installation is prepared, and then the high-performance wet shotcrete composition is installed in a manner of spraying the high-performance wet shotcrete composition and is attached to the reinforced steel 200 laid out in a lattice form. At this time, a high-performance wet shotcrete composition is attached to the reinforcing bars 200 laid out in a lattice shape, and a shotcrete laying surface 300 having a constant thickness is applied.

Since the reinforcing bars 200 are buried by spraying the high-performance wet shotcrete composition, the construction work of this type is excellent in application in areas where accessibility to work is difficult, thereby shortening the construction period, The molding projected from the shotcrete shotcrete laying surface 300 can be formed by the shotcrete composition.

Also, the high-performance wet shotcrete composition is prepared by blending 80 to 85% by volume of shotcrete and 15 to 20% by volume of air before compounding, wherein the shotcrete before blending comprises 18 to 28 wt% 40 to 50 parts by weight of fine aggregate, 12 to 22 parts by weight of cement, 3 to 13 parts by weight of water, 1.4 to 2.4 parts by weight of silica fume, 1.6 to 2.6 parts by weight of expanding agent, 0.01 to 0.1 part by weight of high- To 0.01 parts by weight, and the AE agent is preferably 0.0027 to 0.005 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement.

When the high-performance wet shotcrete composition according to the present invention is installed on the pre-blended shotcrete, the coarse aggregate preferably has a diameter of 10 mm or less and 18 to 28 wt% in order to reduce rebound.

The fine aggregate is preferably mixed at 40 to 50 wt% for pumping performance and adhesion performance.

The cement is preferably mixed with 12 to 22% by weight of Portland cement.

The water-binder ratio (W / B) is a ratio used to express the amount of water to the unit binder, and is preferably lowered to a value of 40% in order to produce a high-performance wet shotcrete composition having excellent pumping performance and adherability.

In this case, the binder means that the aggregate can be adhered in concrete formulations. Typically, cement is typical. In addition, when the admixture material hydrates and acts as an adhesive, the admixture material may also be referred to as a binder.

In the high-performance wet shotcrete composition according to the present invention, the binder includes cement, silica fume, and an expanding agent.

The water-cement ratio of the shotcrete needs to be 15 ~ 25%, but the water-cement ratio is generally maintained at 55 ~ 60% because the fluidity must be secured. However, in order to prepare a high-performance wet shotcrete composition of the present invention, it is necessary to lower the water-binder ratio to 40%, and it is preferable to use a high-performance fluidizing agent to be described later.

The silica fume greatly increases the pumping performance and spraying performance of the high-performance wet shotcrete composition. The shotcrete placement surface 300 formed by mounting the high-performance wet shotcrete composition containing the silica fume on the slope 10 has water tightness and durability It is preferable that the silica fume is mixed in an amount of 1.4 to 2.4% by weight.

It is necessary to suppress the evaporation of water and reduce the shrinkage during curing. Therefore, according to the site conditions, the curing of the wet curing and the film curing (curing agent ). However, since most of them are cured in the ground state, shrinkage cracks due to moisture evaporation occur.

The use of the above-described expanding material (CSA) compensates for the shrinkage of the high-performance wet shotcrete composition and can prevent cracks due to shrinkage. To this end, the expandable material is mixed at 1.6 to 2.6 wt% By weight.

The following is an initial shrinkage graph according to the mixing ratio of the expander.

The high-performance fluidizing agent is preferably mixed in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1% by weight for securing the fluidity of the wet shotcrete. In the present invention, the use of the polycarboxylic acid system is the most effective.

The reason for using the polycarboxylic acid series is that the slump loss phenomenon that causes the fluidity to be lost over time occurs. In the conventional naphthalene series, the slump loss phenomenon increases with time, However, if polycarboxylic acid type is used, the slump loss phenomenon can be reduced, and workability can be ensured until the shotcrete operation after the concrete compounding.

The AE agent as the air entraining agent is preferably mixed in an amount of 0.0001 to 0.01% by weight, and the cement is mixed in an amount of 0.0027 to 0.005 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement.

If the AE agent is used, the initial excess air amount is secured in the shotcrete, and the air becomes a bearing, and the flowability is increased. When the shotcrete is put on the casting surface and the shotcrete is added to the shot surface, the amount of air is decreased drastically, The increase in yield value increases the attachment performance and reduces the rebound rate at the time of pouring.

Conventional conventional concrete may contain an AE agent to increase the durability index (freezing and thawing resistance), thereby securing an air amount of 3 to 6% by volume. However, since the shotcrete used in the domestic industry does not require high durability, There are no shotcrete materials included. In addition, shotcrete has a problem in that the amount of air is reduced as the high pressure injection is performed due to the nature of the construction method, and thus the amount of air to be drawn is reduced.

The amount of air according to the present invention is 15 to 20% by volume before pouring, compared with the amount of air contained in a conventional shotcrete, and 3 to 6% by volume after pouring. Therefore, There is an advantage that high quality can be kept constant.

In the wet curing step S5, wet curing is performed in order to prevent shrinkage cracking of the shotcrete laying surface 300. In this case, the wet curing method is a method of covering the shotcrete laying surface with at least one of vinyl and curing Cure for 14 to 28 days.

The coloring agent and coating material applying step (S6) is for displaying the surface texture of the natural rock on the shotcrete placing surface 300. The coloring agent is a LITHOCHROME Chemstain Classic product of SCOFIELD Co., which reacts with calcium hydroxide in the concrete, Through the reaction, the color is expressed, and the permanent color can be given to the concrete, and the degree of hue can be different according to the amount of calcium hydroxide.

As a result of the above process, the shotcrete installation surface formed by installing the high-performance wet shotcrete on the slope has excellent compressive strength, adhesion strength and crack resistance, and excellent workability and sufficient air volume are secured. As shown in Table 1, It is excellent in adhesion strength, freezing / thawing test, surface peel resistance test and chlorine ion permeation resistance, as well as aesthetic appearance of the slope can be enhanced by vegetation, landscape structure, coloring agent and coating material.

Item Test purpose and method High Performance Standards Test result Compressive strength
KS F 2405 - Judgment criteria for strength and quality of concrete
- Cylindrical specimens are manufactured and tested by core body ≥35 MPa 40.0 MPa Flexural strength
KS F 2408 - Judgment criteria for strength and quality of concrete
- A rectangular specimen was manufactured and subjected to 4-point deflection test ≥5.0 MPa 6.0 MPa Bond strength - Evaluation of adhesion performance of new and old concrete F28 ≥ 1.4 MPa 2.0 MPa Freezing and thawing test
ASTM C 666 - Evaluating the resistance to freezing and thawing of exposed concrete
- Rate of loss of elastic modulus of specimens subjected to freezing and thawing repeatedly Relative modulus of elasticity
More than 80% Relative modulus of elasticity
90% Surface peeling
Resistance test
ASTM C 672 - Evaluation of Resistance to Concrete Surface Peeling by Selenite
- Calcium chloride solution is sprayed and the specimen is frozen and melted repeatedly to measure the surface state 1 rating 1 rating Chlorine ion
Permeability
ASTM C 1202 - Measuring waterproof and watertightness of concrete
- Measuring the amount of charge due to chlorine ion penetration by immersing concrete specimen in chlorine ion solution 1000 Koolung inside and outside 1030 Koolung

7 to 8, when the shotcrete placing surface 300 is wet and cured, the space forming tool 100 is separated from the shotcrete placing surface 300 (step S7) Thereby forming a vegetation space 400.

As shown in FIG. 9, the vegetation vegetation step S8 includes planting seeds of plants in the ecological network 500 in the vegetation space 400 and vegetation.

10, after the landscape structure 600 is mounted on the vegetation space 400, the landscape structure 600 is coated with a coloring agent and a coating material to show the surface texture of the natural rock It is possible.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with certain exemplary embodiments and drawings, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein are for the purpose of description and should not be interpreted to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be construed in terms of meaning and concept. Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only examples of the present invention, and not all of the technical ideas of the present invention are described. Therefore, It is to be understood that equivalents and modifications are possible.

100: space forming part 200: reinforcing bar
300: shotcrete laying surface 400: vegetation space
500: Ecological network 600: Scenic structure

Claims (4)

A slope stabilization step of stabilizing the slope of the cut-away surface or the embankment surface;
A space forming step of securing a plurality of space forming openings for forming an ecological network and a vegetation space of plants on a stable slope;
A reinforcing steel reinforcing step of reinforcing and reinforcing a reinforcing steel on a slope so as not to overlap with the space forming hole;
And 80 to 85% by volume of the shotcrete and 15 to 20% by volume of the air are mixed in the slopes on which the reinforcing bars are laid. The shotcrete before mixing includes 18 to 28 parts by weight of the coarse aggregate based on 100 parts by weight of the shotcrete, , The fine aggregate is 40 to 50 parts by weight, the cement is 12 to 22 parts by weight, the water is 3 to 13 parts by weight, the silica fume is 1.4 to 2.4 parts by weight, the diluent is 1.6 to 2.6 parts by weight, 0.01 to 1 part by weight of a cementitious cement based on 100 parts by weight of the cement;
A wet curing step of wet curing to prevent shrinkage cracking of the shotcrete laying surface;
Applying a coloring agent and a coating agent to the surface of the shotcrete to show the surface texture of the natural rock;
A space forming step of separating the space forming tool from the shotcrete mounting surface coated with the coloring agent and the coating agent;
And a vegetation vegetation step of planting seeds of plants in the ecological network to vegetation the vegetation of the slope using the high-performance wet shotcrete and the ecological network.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ecological network is formed of a fibrous material. The method of claim 1, wherein the ecological network is formed of a fibrous material.
The method according to claim 1,
The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of constructing a structure by mounting a landscape structure on the vegetation space.

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