KR101455033B1 - Method for contrlling of the small hydropower generation apparatus for adjusting to flow - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for controlling a small hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of applying the small hydroelectric power generation apparatus producing power by driving a water turbine which is formed on one side of a transfer tube if fluid flows from the reservoir formed on one side of the transfer tube, and detecting a water level of a reservoir; and controlling the inflow of the fluid flowing into the transfer tube to make the detected water level within a predetermined range, wherein the predetermined pitch angle of a blade which is formed in the water turbine is controlled depending on the water level in the reservoir in the controlling step.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a control method for a small-

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a control method of a small hydropower generation apparatus, and more particularly, to a control method of a small hydropower generation apparatus having a flow rate fluctuation countermeasure function capable of constantly maintaining power generation efficiency in response to a flow rate fluctuation, And a control method of the small hydroelectric power generation apparatus.

Small hydro power means small-scale hydroelectric power generation with a capacity of less than 15,000 kW, but in Korea, it is usually called "small hydro power generation" with less than 10,000 kW (2003.1, Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy No. 192). Small hydro power is not different in principle from general large scale hydro power generation, but if it is considered that large scale hydro power has adverse effect on the environment, it is small and technically simple hydropower which harmonizes with local local conditions.

Small hydro power generation is clean energy without pollution and has a capacity of 15MW in Korea. Because it has high energy density compared to other renewable energy sources, it is evaluated as an outstanding resource with high development value. And development support projects are actively being actively promoted.

In addition, small hydro power generation is evaluated as a representative low carbon green technology with less CO2 emission compared to other energy sources, and it is the energy source with the highest energy production per unit capacity of new renewable energy in Korea. Is a verified utility energy with low dependence on foreign countries.

On the other hand, recently, a method of recycling the sewage-treated water by applying the small hydroelectric power to the sewage treatment facility has been widely researched and developed. In recent years, a small-hydro-electric power generation apparatus has been applied to convert the potential energy falling from a water tank of a sewage treatment facility into a river into electric energy.

However, in the case where small hydroelectric power generation is applied to a site where the flow rate fluctuates severely during the day, such as a sewage treatment facility, there is a disadvantage that the amount of electric power generated due to the fluctuation of the flow rate is seriously fluctuated.

On the other hand, when the flow rate discharged from the wastewater treatment facility is low, such as the morning time zone, the driving of the aberration is stopped due to the decrease of the flow rate. Therefore, in order to restart the aberration, extra power is consumed, There were disadvantages. Particularly, in severe cases, there is a fatal problem in that, when the power consumption for restarting becomes larger as compared with the amount of power generated, the small power generation may completely fail.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a control method of a small hydro-electric power generation apparatus capable of coping with fluctuation of a flow rate in real time at a site where the flow rate fluctuates even during a day.

The present invention also provides a control method for a small-hydro-electric power generation apparatus capable of maintaining a power generation efficiency at a predetermined level or higher even when the flow rate is reduced.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for a small hydrostatic power generating apparatus, comprising: a water tank provided at one side of a transfer pipe, A sensing step of sensing a water level of the water tank; And a controlling step of controlling an inflow amount of the fluid flowing into the conveyance pipe so that the sensed level of water satisfies a predetermined integer level, wherein the controlling step includes the step of controlling the pitch angle of the blade formed on the aberration in accordance with the level of the water reservoir And the like.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the control step, the adjustment of the blade pitch angle according to the water level can be performed by the PID control method.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the water reservoir includes a first reservoir portion having one side connected to an inflow pipe through which fluid flows, and the other side connected to a ridge portion; And a second reservoir part communicating with the first reservoir part and having one side connected to the conveyance pipe.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the water level of the second reservoir portion is equal to or more than the third water level by more than a predetermined time, the method may further include driving the aberration by opening an inlet valve formed in the transfer pipe .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the water level of the second reservoir portion is equal to or higher than a predetermined level and is equal to or lower than a fourth water level, the apparatus may further include a drive stop step of stopping the drive of the aberration by closing the inlet valve.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the water level of the second reservoir portion is equal to or greater than a fifth water level for a minimum flow rate for power generation and the fluid is flowing to the overflow portion, the inlet valve formed in the conveyance pipe is opened, And a driving step of driving the driving unit.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when a pitch angle of the blade is changed, an axis connected to the blade moves up and down, and a laser sensor formed on one side of the axis senses the movement of the axis, Control can be performed.

Meanwhile, the control method of the small hydrostatic power generator according to another embodiment of the present invention is applied to a small-hydro-electric power generating apparatus which generates electric power by driving an aberration formed on the other side of the conveyance pipe when fluid flows from a reservoir formed on one side of the conveyance pipe A sensing step of sensing a water level of the water storage tank; And a control step of controlling an inflow amount of the fluid flowing into the conveyance pipe so that the sensed level is within a predetermined range, and the control step includes a control step of controlling the flow rate of the fluid flowing into the conveyance pipe based on a predetermined pitch angle And the like.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined water level is a first water level to a second water level, and the first water level or the second water level may vary according to a time zone.

According to an example of the present invention, the controlling step may be a step of gradually decreasing the pitch angle when the sensed water level is lower than a first water level of the corresponding time zone.

According to an example of the present invention, the controlling step may be a step of gradually increasing the pitch angle when the sensed water level is equal to or higher than a second water level of the corresponding time zone.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the control step, the adjustment of the pitch angle may be stopped when there is no change in the sensed water level for a predetermined time.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the blade is formed so as to move up and down along a flow path formed to flow the fluid according to the variation of the pitch angle, and the cross-sectional area of the flow path around the blade changes .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the pitch angle is maintained at a minimum angle and the water level is maintained below the first water level for a preset time or longer, And a moving step.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the water level is maintained at the second water level or higher in a state where the pitch angle is at a maximum angle, the water level of the second And a moving step.

The control method of the small hydropower generation apparatus according to at least one embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is to control the flow rate supplied to the aberration side in response to the fluctuation of the flow rate at the site where the flow rate fluctuates considerably during the day, The power generation efficiency can be kept constant.

In addition, even if the flow rate to be discharged is reduced, the pitch angle is adjusted in response to the flow rate fluctuation, so that the power generation efficiency can be always maintained at a predetermined value or more.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the power generation efficiency of aberration according to a change in flow rate.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of sewage flowing into the water tank by time zone.
3 is a configuration diagram illustrating a small hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by an arrow A in Fig.
5 is a block diagram showing a hydraulic drive unit of a small hydrostatic power generator according to the present invention.
6 is a configuration diagram showing a control unit of the small hydro power generation apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a flow path formed around a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a water tank in connection with the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
Fig. 9 is a plan view of Fig. 8. Fig.

Hereinafter, a control method of the small-hydro-electric power generating apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The suffix "module" and " part "for the components used in the following description are given or mixed in consideration of ease of specification, and do not have their own meaning or role. In the present specification, the same or similar reference numerals are given to different embodiments in the same or similar configurations. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the power generation efficiency of aberration according to a change in flow rate.

As shown in Fig. 1, in a small hydrostatic power generator, the aberration does not further increase the power generation efficiency beyond a certain flow rate. Power generation efficiency can be expressed as a product of flow rate and dropout. Therefore, it is possible to maintain optimum power generation efficiency by maintaining constant flow rate and a constant flow rate in a small hydro-electric power generation apparatus in which the flow rate changes by time zone.

Fig. 2 is a graph showing the change of the fluid (sewage) flowing into the water tank by time slot. Hereinafter, one example of the fluid will be described by taking sewage as an example.

As shown in Fig. 2, the flow rate of the sewage changes abruptly in a certain time period (for example, from 0 to 9 o'clock). In this case, when the flow rate of the sewage flowing into the water storage tank rapidly decreases without controlling the sewage discharged through the transfer pipe, the water level of the water storage tank is decreased. When the water level is reduced, the drop in power is reduced and the power generation efficiency is lowered. Accordingly, it is possible to consider maintaining the water level of the water storage tank at a certain level even at a specific time when the flow rate to the water storage tank is small. However, even in this case, if the water level of the water tank is below the minimum water level for power generation, it is possible to stop the power generation by closing the water pipe.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in order to exhibit optimum power generation efficiency in a small hydro-electric power generation apparatus in which the flow rate varies with time, a small-hydro-electric power generation apparatus capable of maintaining a constant flow rate and a constant drop is required. Hereinafter, a small-hydroelectric generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention capable of maintaining the water level of the water storage tank at a constant level even in a specific time period during which the flow rate is reduced will be described.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a small hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a hydraulic drive unit of the small hydropower generation apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a control unit of the small hydropower generation apparatus according to the present invention.

3 to 6, a small hydrostatic power generator 100 according to the present invention includes a transfer tube 130, aberration 120, and a controller 170 (see FIG. 6).

The small hydro-power generator 100 according to the present invention may further include other additional components. For example, the hydro-power generation apparatus 100 includes a water storage tank 110 connected to a discharge port of a sewage treatment plant, a water turbine 120 having a plurality of blades 122 whose pitch angle is variable on the outer circumferential surface of the hub 121, An inlet valve 140 installed at an upstream end of the aberration 120 to open and close the flow passage of the transfer pipe 130, an inlet valve 140 installed at the upstream end of the aberration 120, And a generator 160 connected to the aberration 120. The power generator 150 may be configured to control the pitch angle of the blade 122,

Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in more detail.

The water storage tank 110 is connected to the discharge port 111 of the sewage treatment plant and can be configured as a concrete box to store a predetermined amount of sewage water. The water level sensor 115 may be disposed in the water tank. As an example, the water level sensor 115 may be an electrically conductive water level sensor or a capacitive water level sensor. Such a sensor may be arranged to at least partially submerge in the water.

The water level sensor 115 senses the water level of the water tank in real time and transmits information related to the water level to the control unit.

The aberration 120 is installed at a position lower than the water storage tank 110. The aberration 120 includes a hub 121 and a plurality of blades 122 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the hub 121. [ The blade 122 is rotatably installed on the hub 121 so that the pitch angle a thereof is variable.

It is possible to change the flow rate of the sewage flowing through the feed pipe depending on the variation of the pitch angle. This is because the cross-sectional area of the passage through which sewage flows varies depending on the pitch angle. For example, when the pitch angle is larger, the cross-sectional area of the flow path is decreased. When the pitch angle is smaller, the cross-sectional area of the flow path is increased. Thus, by controlling the pitch angle, the flow rate of the sewage passing through the flow path can be adjusted, and the water level of the reservoir can be adjusted by controlling the flow rate of the sewage.

The pitch angle a of such a blade 122 is set to be variable within various angular ranges such as 0 占 (minimum pitch angle) to 30 占 (maximum pitch angle) with respect to the horizontal line. As the pitch angle a of the blade 122 increases, the used flow rate increases and the rotational speed of the aberration 120 increases.

The blade 122 may be coupled to an axis 123 (the axis may be embodied as a variable pitch shape) which is reciprocally formed. When the shaft 123 is coupled to the blade 122, the blade 122 can be moved up and down according to the size of the pitch angle. When the position sensor 125 is disposed on one side of the shaft 123, the position of the shaft 123 can be grasped to detect the pitch angle.

As the position detection sensor 125, for example, a laser sensor may be used.

The transfer pipe 130 is connected from the water storage tank 110 to the aberration 120. The sewage discharged from the discharge port 111 of the sewage treatment plant is temporarily stored in the water storage tank 110 and then transferred to the water turbine 120 through the transfer pipe 130, . As the sewage transferred through the transfer tube 130 contacts the blade 122 of the aberration 120, the aberration 120 rotates at a predetermined rotation speed.

The inlet valve 140 is constituted by a butterfly valve or the like and is provided to open and close the flow path of the transfer pipe 130 at the upstream end side of the aberration 120.

The hydraulic actuator 150 may be configured to open and close the inlet valve 140 and adjust the pitch angle of the blade 122. The blades and the shaft 123 are configured to be interlocked with each other so that the shaft 123 can move up and down as the pitch angle of the blades changes. That is, as the pitch angle of the blades increases, the shaft 123 moves toward the upper side, and as the pitch angle of the blades decreases, the shaft 123 can move toward the lower side.

6, the hydraulic driving unit 150 includes an inlet valve opening degree adjusting cylinder 151 for opening and closing the inlet valve 140, a blade pitch angle adjusting cylinder 151 for adjusting the pitch angle of the blade 122 152 and a variable pitch 153 connected to the blade pitch angle control cylinder 152 for controlling the operation of the blade pitch angle control cylinder 152. [ The variable pitch 153 is an electronic control valve or a proportional control valve that precisely controls the operation of the blade pitch angle control cylinder 152 according to the degree of input of an electrical signal value such as a voltage value or a current value in a predetermined range .

The generator 160 is connected to the aberration 120 and is configured to generate a predetermined electric energy by driving the aberration 120.

The output terminal of the generator 160 is connected to the charge system side through an electromagnetic switch (not shown). When the rotational speed of the aberration 120 reaches the rated speed, the electromagnetic switch (not shown) As shown in Fig.

The controller senses the water level of the water tank in real time through the water level sensor 115 formed in the water tank, and adjusts the pitch angle of the blade so that the water level is within a predetermined range. Therefore, the control unit can adjust the water level of the water reservoir by adjusting the pitch angle when the flow rate of the sewage flowing through the conveyance pipe changes according to the variation of the pitch angle.

The control unit may be configured in a form of a control unit described later in hardware.

When the control unit 170 is in the form of a control unit, the control unit 170 may be installed on one side of the small hydrostatic power generator 100. The control unit 170 is configured to control the hydraulic drive unit 150, the inlet valve 140, the pitch angle control operation of the blade 122, and the like. This control unit 170 may be installed on the upper surface of the water storage tank 110 or adjacent to the water turbine 120.

5, the control unit 170 includes an analog multiplexer 171, an A / D converter 172 for converting an analog signal transmitted from the analog multiplexer 171 into a digital signal, an A / A CPU 173 for calculating a digital signal corresponding to a pitch angle of the blade 122 by calculating a received digital signal after receiving the digital signal converted by the CPU 172, And a D / A converter 174 for converting the control signal into an analog control signal.

The analog multiplexer 171 is provided with a water level sensor M1 for sensing the water level of the water storage tank 110 and a pitch angle sensor M2 for sensing the pitch angle a of the blade 122 A rotational speed sensing unit M3 for sensing the rotational speed of the aberration 120, and a generator temperature sensing unit M4 for sensing the internal temperature of the generator. With this connection structure, the analog multiplexer 171 can control the level of the water storage tank 110 sensed by the water level sensing unit M1, the pitch angle of the blade 122 sensed by the pitch angle sensing unit M2, The rotational speed of the aberration 120 sensed by the generator M3 and the internal temperature of the generator 160 sensed by the generator temperature sensing unit M4 (in particular, the coil temperature of the generator) send.

The information about the water level of the water tank 110 sensed by the water level sensing unit M1 is used for comparison purposes to maintain the water level of the water tank 110 calculated using the used water flow rate used for the rotation of the aberration 120 And information on the pitch angle a of the blade 122 sensed by the pitch angle sensing unit M2 is used to confirm the current pitch angle a of the blade 122, The rotational speed of the aberration 120 sensed by the generator M3 is used for comparing with the rated speed of the generator 160 and the internal temperature of the generator 160 sensed by the generator temperature sensing unit M4 Such as an overheating state in the heat exchanger 160, and the like.

Alternatively, the information about the water level of the water storage tank 110 sensed by the water level sensing unit M1 may be used for comparison with the reference water level value.

The A / D converter 172 converts the analog signals sequentially selected by the analog multiplexer 171 into digital signals, and the converted digital signals are transmitted to the CPU 172.

The CPU 173 compares the received analog signal (the level of the water reservoir 110, the pitch angle of the blade 122, the rotation speed of the aberration 120, the internal temperature of the generator 160) A digital control signal for the pitch angle of the blade 122 is generated and transmitted.

The D / A converter 174 converts the digital control signal transmitted from the CPU 173 to an analog control signal, and then transmits the analog control signal to the variable pitch 153 side of the hydraulic driver 150 so that the variable pitch 153 adjusts its opening degree. Thereby controlling the operation of the blade pitch angle control cylinder 152.

According to one embodiment, the analog control signal transmitted to the variable pitch 153 side is a voltage value within a certain range. For example, when the analog control signal is set to a voltage value of (-10V) to (+ 10V), when the voltage value of -10V is transmitted at the variable pitch 153, the variable pitch 153 is the pitch angle of the blade 122 The blade pitch angle control cylinder 152 is controlled as quickly as possible so that the pitch angle of the blade 122 is 0 ° (minimum pitch angle), and when the voltage value of 10V is transmitted at the variable pitch 153, The blade pitch angle control cylinder 152 can be controlled as quickly as possible so that the pitch angle of the blade 152 becomes 30 degrees (maximum pitch angle).

The CPU 173 analyzes the water level change value of the water storage tank 110 sensed by the water level sensing unit M1 to calculate a used flow rate value, The control signal for each angle can be set. The control signal for the pitch angle of the blade 122 can be set by comparing the difference with the target water level.

The predicted flow rate value predicted for each time period is input to the CPU 173 and the CPU 173 calculates the estimated flow rate value based on the predicted flow rate value and the used flow rate value calculated according to the water level change of the water storage tank 110, The digital control signal is converted into an analog control signal by the D / A converter 174 and then converted to an analog control signal by the variable pitch 153 side .

The CPU 173 is connected to a digital input section 176 and a digital output section 177. A buffer 177a is connected between the CPU 173 and the digital output section 177. [

The digital input unit 176 is provided with an inlet valve opening / closing detection sensor M5 for digitally transmitting the fully opened and fully closed states of the automatic / manual selection button SW1, the operation / stop selection button SW2 and the inlet valve 140, A blade position detecting sensor M6 for digitally transmitting a pitch angle a of the blade 122 to a minimum pitch angle or a maximum pitch angle and a pitch angle a of the blade 122 to a manual And an operation detection unit M7 of an electromagnetic switch for digitally transmitting the ON / OFF state of the electromagnetic switch.

The digital output unit 177 includes a first output unit OUT1 for outputting a control signal for fully opening and closing the inlet valve 140 and a second output unit for outputting a control signal for on / A second output OUT2, and a third output OUT3 indicating the operation control state.

The CPU 173 is connected to the CPU 173 via the RS485 communication interface 178 and the CPU 178 is connected to the panel PC 181 and the mobile terminal 182 via the RS485 communication interface 178. [ The operating state can be transmitted. After obtaining the data on the power generation status by the generator 160 using the digital meter 183, for example, the voltage, the current, the generated current, the consumed current, the power factor, To the CPU 173 side.

In addition, the control unit 170 is provided with a memory 179a and a battery 179b.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a flow path formed around a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

7, the flow passage 129 around the blade 123 has an upper portion (hereinafter, referred to as a first section), a lower section (hereinafter referred to as a third section) Quot; second section ") are formed on both sides in parallel. The interval for adjusting the size of the flow path 129 by the pitch angle of the blades 123 is the second section and the pitch angle of the blades 123 for the first section and the third section is the maximum or the minimum, ) And sewage is the part that controls the flow rate.

For example, when the pitch angle of the blades 123 is greater than the maximum angle, the blade 123 further moves to the first section to adjust the flow rate of the sewage together with the flow path 129 in order to adjust the flow rate. When the pitch angle of the blade 123 is the minimum, the blade 123 further moves to the third section to adjust the flow rate of the sewage together with the flow path 129. The movement of the blade 123 can be achieved by reciprocating the shaft 123 coupled to the blade 123 up and down.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual view showing an example of a water tank in connection with the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG.

8 and 9, the reservoir 110 includes a first reservoir portion 112 and a second reservoir portion 113. One side of the first reservoir portion 112 may be connected to the inflow pipe 111 through which the fluid flows, and the other side may be connected to the sweeping portion 135. One side of the second reservoir portion 113 may communicate with the first reservoir portion 112 and the other side thereof may be connected to the transfer pipe 130. Therefore, the fluid introduced from the inflow pipe 111 can be discharged to the transfer pipe 130 through the first reservoir portion 112 and the second reservoir portion 113.

A first step is formed at a portion where the first reservoir portion 112 is connected to the swollen portion 135 and a second step is formed at a portion where the first reservoir portion 112 is connected to the second reservoir portion 113 do. The height h1 of the first step is formed to be higher than the height h2 of the second step. Accordingly, when the level of the first reservoir portion 112 does not reach the height of the first step, the fluid moves to the second reservoir portion 113. The height h3 of the upper end of the conveyance pipe 130 is lower than the height of the second step.

Due to the structure of the water reservoir 110, when the fluid flows through the inflow pipe 111, the fluid is filled in the first reservoir portion 112 and the second reservoir portion 113. At this time, if the water level of the water storage tank 110 becomes higher than the height of the first step, the fluid can flow over the sweeping part 135.

The water level sensor 115 may be formed in the second reservoir portion 113.

Examples of the control method for controlling the small hydro power generation apparatus 100 described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG.

The control of the small hydrostatic power generator 100 can be broadly divided into an integer level control and a band control for setting and controlling a dead band.

Absolute level control

The water level control is a method of setting the reference water level in the water tank and controlling the water level so as to generate power at the reference water level using the pitch angle of the blade.

The integer level control may comprise the following steps.

The predetermined water level of the second water level part 113 is set to the third water level and the predetermined water level of the second water level part 113 which is not more than the second level height is set to the fourth water level Setting. At this time, in the case of the third water level or more, the amount of the fluid flowing through the ridge portion 135 increases and the amount of the fluid transferred through the transfer pipe 130 decreases significantly below the fourth water level. Then, the minimum water level at which stable power generation is achieved as the stream is made is set as the fifth water level. The fifth water level may be equal to or higher than the third water level.

Then, the level of the water storage tank 110 is sensed through the water level sensor 115.

When the water level of the second reservoir portion 113 is equal to or higher than the fifth water level, the inlet valve formed in the transfer pipe 130 is opened to drive the aberration. When the aberration is driven, the water level begins to decrease. At this time, the water level can be compared with the water level, and the pitch angle of the blade can be adjusted while controlling the water level.

At this time, the control of the blade pitch angle according to the flow rate fluctuation can be performed by a PID (Proportional, Integral, Differential) method for maintaining the target integer value in real time. Here, the PID scheme is not limited to proportional integral derivative control. Hereinafter, "PID" refers to one control selected from the group consisting of proportional control, proportional + integral control, proportional + differential control, and proportional integral differential control.

As one example of the PID control method, the PID control can be performed by linking the water level sensor and the drive device for adjusting the blade pitch angle. In this case, as shown in Equation (1), if the proportional constant, the differential constant, or the integral constant is set using the rate of change of the water level per unit time as a variable, the blade pitch angle can be controlled to maintain the set water level.

Where e is the deviation between the measured water level and the set water level, MV ^{1 is the} PID calculation value, Kp is the proportional gain, T _{I is the} integration time, and T _D is the differential time.

When the water level of the second reservoir portion 113 is equal to or higher than the fourth water level by a predetermined time or longer, the inlet valve formed in the transfer pipe 130 is closed to stop the driving of the aberration. At this time, when an arbitrary water level lower than the fourth water level is set to the sixth water level and the water level of the second water level portion 113 reaches the sixth water level or lower, the inlet valve formed in the transfer pipe 130 is closed, It is possible to stop the driving of the motor. Here, adjustment of the pitch angle of the blades can be performed by detecting a variation in the pitch angle through the laser sensor formed on one side of the shaft connected to the blade. The integer levels described above can be changed over time.

Band control 1

In order to maintain the water level in response to the flow fluctuations, frequent operation of the related devices is required. In this case, the durability of the devices can be reduced. To prevent this, band control can be used. The band control is a method of setting the dead end to the upper and lower limits of the water level and controlling the water level to maintain the water level between the lower limit value and the upper limit value.

The band control may include the following control operations.

First, an integer level is set, a certain water level lower than the water level is set as a first water level (lower limit value), and a certain water level higher than an integer level is set as a second water level (upper limit value). Setting the first water level and the second water level is related to the adjustment operation of the pitch angle of the blade. When the interval between the first water level and the second water level and the water level is narrow, the pitch angle is frequently controlled and the efficiency may be lowered. The predetermined water level of the second water level portion 113, which is equal to or higher than the height of the first water level, is set to the third water level, and the certain water level of the second water level portion 113, which is not higher than the second level, is set to the fourth water level. At this time, in the case of the third water level or more, the amount of the fluid flowing through the ridge portion 135 increases and the amount of the fluid transferred through the transfer pipe 130 decreases significantly below the fourth water level.

Then, the level of the water storage tank 110 is sensed through the water level sensor 115.

When the water level of the second reservoir portion 113 is equal to or more than the third water level for a predetermined time or longer, the inlet valve formed in the transfer pipe 130 is opened to drive the aberration. In addition, it is possible to set the minimum water level at which the stable generation is made to the fifth water level and the aberration at the fifth water level or more while the stream is formed. When the aberration is driven, the water level begins to decrease. At this time, the water level can be compared with the water level and the water level control can be performed. That is, the pitch angle of the blade is adjusted so that the water level of the second water level portion 113 is between the second water level set to the upper and lower of the integer level and the first water level. For example, when the aberration starts to be driven, the water level may gradually decrease to be lower than the first water level. In this case, if the blade pitch angle is decreased, the flow rate of the fluid discharged through the aberration is reduced, so that the level of the second reservoir portion 113 may increase. On the contrary, when the water level is higher than the second water level, the blade pitch angle is increased to increase the flow rate of the fluid discharged through the aberration. This makes it possible to control the water level of the second reservoir portion 113 to be an integer level.

Here, adjustment of the pitch angle of the blades can be performed by detecting a variation in the pitch angle through the laser sensor formed on one side of the shaft connected to the blade.

On the other hand, when the water level of the second reservoir portion 113 is equal to or higher than the fourth water level by a predetermined time or longer, the inlet valve formed in the transfer pipe 130 may be closed to stop the driving of the aberration.

Band control 2

The above-described band control may be performed through the following steps.

First, the water level of the water storage tank 110 is sensed through the water level sensor 115. The inlet valve 140 is opened when the water level of the water storage tank 110 is equal to or higher than the predetermined minimum operation water level.

 When the inlet valve 140 is opened (S1), the aberration 120 is driven while the fluid is being transferred from the reservoir 110 to the aberration 120 through the transfer tube 130. After driving the aberration 120, the pitch angle of the blade 122 is gradually increased to increase the rotation speed of the aberration 120, thereby generating power. At this time, the pitch angle of the blade 122 may be a preset pitch angle so that optimum power generation efficiency is exhibited in the corresponding time period.

After the power generation, steps of adjusting the water level of the water storage tank 110 may be performed.

First, the water level is sensed through the water level sensor 115 formed in the water storage tank 110 to adjust the water level of the water storage tank 110. Then, it is determined whether or not the sensed water level is within the predetermined maintenance range. Here, the predetermined maintenance range refers to a predetermined range of the water level at which the power generation in the corresponding time zone exerts the optimum efficiency. For example, from noon to 1 pm, the reference water level can be set to the first water level to the second water level.

A method of adjusting the water level of the water storage tank 110 when the water level is reduced will be described first.

When the sensed water level approaches the first water level, the control unit 170 operates the hydraulic driving unit 150 to gradually decrease the pitch angle of the blade 122. [ Since the amount of the fluid discharged through the flow path 129 formed around the blade 122 is reduced due to the decrease in the pitch angle, the water level of the water storage tank 110 can be maintained above the first water level. At this time, the adjustment of the pitch angle may be stopped when there is no change in the sensed water level for a predetermined time. If the water level of the water storage tank 110 becomes lower than the first water level beyond the first predetermined time, the shaft 123 is moved to the lower portion (third section) even though the pitch angle of the blade 122 becomes the minimum angle. So that the cross-sectional area of the flow path 129 is narrowed. In the case where the water level of the water storage tank 110 is lower than the first water level for a time equal to or longer than the second predetermined time, the power generation is stopped and the aberration 120 is stopped. In contrast, when the water level of the water storage tank 110 is returned to the first water level or higher, the shaft 123 is sequentially moved to the second section and the pitch angle of the blade 122 is increased.

Next, a method of adjusting the water level of the water storage tank 110 when the water level is increased will be described.

When the sensed water level approaches the second water level, the control unit 170 operates the hydraulic pressure drive unit 150 to gradually increase the pitch angle of the blade 122. The amount of the fluid discharged through the flow path 129 formed around the blade 122 is increased by the increase of the pitch angle so that the water level of the water storage tank 110 can be maintained at the second water level or lower. At this time, the adjustment of the pitch angle may be stopped when there is no change in the sensed water level for a predetermined time. If the water level of the water storage tank 110 becomes equal to or higher than the second water level by more than the third predetermined time even though the pitch angle of the blade 122 becomes the maximum angle, the shaft 123 is moved to the upper (first section) So that the cross-sectional area of the flow path 129 is widened. When the water level of the water storage tank 110 returns to the second water level or lower, the shaft 123 is sequentially moved to the second section and the pitch angle of the blade 122 is reduced. Here, adjustment of the pitch angle of the blades can be performed by detecting a variation in the pitch angle through the laser sensor formed on one side of the shaft connected to the blade.

As described above, the band control of the small hydropower generation apparatus 100 of the present invention includes a sensing step of sensing the water level of the water storage tank 110, a sensing step of sensing the water level of the fluid flowing into the conveyance pipe 130 It is possible to actively cope with the change in the water level of the water storage tank 110 in each time period, and the small water hydropower generation device 100 can always exhibit the optimum efficiency.

Only one of the above-described control methods may be performed in the small hydrostatic power generator 100 according to the present invention, or a plurality of different control methods may be performed together. For example, after the water level reaches the water level through the water level control to the water level, the band control for maintaining the water level can be performed.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the control method of a small hydropower generation apparatus are not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described above, but the embodiments may be modified such that all or some of the embodiments are selectively And may be configured in combination.

Claims (8)

A control method for a small hydrostatic power generator in which when a fluid flows from a reservoir formed at one side of a transfer pipe, an aberration formed at the other side of the transfer pipe is driven to produce electric power,
A sensing step of sensing a water level of the water storage tank; And
And controlling the inflow amount of the fluid flowing into the conveyance pipe by adjusting the pitch angle of the blade formed in the aberration according to the level of the water storage tank so that the sensed water level satisfies the predetermined integer level,
In the control step,
Wherein a shaft connected to the blade moves up and down when a pitch angle of the blade is changed, and a laser sensor formed on one side of the shaft senses movement of the axis to perform precise control of the pitch angle,
The water storage tank,
A first reservoir portion having one side connected to an inflow pipe through which the fluid flows and the other side connected to a sweeping portion; And
And a second reservoir portion communicating with the first reservoir portion and having one side connected to the transfer pipe,
And a driving step of driving the aberration by opening an inlet valve formed in the conveyance pipe when the level of the second reservoir portion is equal to or higher than a fifth level of the minimum flow rate for power generation and the fluid is flowing to the overflow portion Characterized in that said control means is operable to control said control means. delete delete A control method for a small hydrostatic power generator in which when a fluid flows from a reservoir formed at one side of a transfer pipe, an aberration formed at the other side of the transfer pipe is driven to produce electric power,
A sensing step of sensing a water level of the water storage tank; And
And controlling the inflow amount of the fluid flowing into the conveyance pipe by adjusting the pitch angle of the blade formed in the aberration according to the level of the water storage tank so that the sensed water level satisfies the predetermined integer level,
In the control step,
Wherein a shaft connected to the blade moves up and down when a pitch angle of the blade is changed, and a laser sensor formed on one side of the shaft senses movement of the axis to perform precise control of the pitch angle,
The water storage tank,
A first reservoir portion having one side connected to an inflow pipe through which the fluid flows and the other side connected to a sweeping portion; And
And a second reservoir portion communicating with the first reservoir portion and having one side connected to the transfer pipe,
Further comprising a driving stopping step of stopping the driving of the aberration by closing the inlet valve formed in the conveyance pipe when the level of the second reservoir portion is equal to or higher than the fourth level by a predetermined time or longer. Control method. A control method for a small hydrostatic power generator in which when a fluid flows from a reservoir formed at one side of a transfer pipe, an aberration formed at the other side of the transfer pipe is driven to produce electric power,
A sensing step of sensing a water level of the water storage tank; And
And controlling the inflow amount of the fluid flowing into the conveyance pipe by adjusting a predetermined pitch angle of the blade formed in the aberration according to the level of the water storage tank so that the sensed water level is within a predetermined range,
In the control step,
Wherein a shaft connected to the blade moves up and down when a pitch angle of the blade is changed, and a laser sensor formed on one side of the shaft senses movement of the axis to perform precise control of the pitch angle,
The predetermined water level is a first water level to a second water level varying according to a time zone,
Wherein the control step comprises:
Gradually decreasing the pitch angle when the sensed water level is below the first water level of the time zone,
Gradually increasing the pitch angle when the detected water level is equal to or higher than a second water level of the time zone,
Wherein the blade is formed to move up and down along a flow path formed to flow the fluid according to the variation of the pitch angle,
Wherein the flow path is formed around the blade so that the cross-sectional area of the flow path changes according to a height of the flow path. delete delete 6. The method of claim 5,
A first moving step of moving the blade toward a lower portion of the flow path having a narrow cross-sectional area when the water level is maintained at a first water level or lower in a state where the pitch angle is at a minimum angle,
And a second moving step of moving the blade toward an upper portion of the flow path having a larger cross sectional area when the water level is maintained at the second water level or more in a state where the pitch angle is maximum, A control method of a small hydroelectric power generating apparatus.

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