KR101435184B1 - Greening soil and method for greening slope - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an afforestation soil for a slope in both of dry and wet types and to a method for afforesting a slope using the same. According to the present invention, the afforestation soil can be quickly moisturized after laid. An initial moisturizing effect is maintained resulting in quick afforestation. The afforestation soil continuously supplies fertilizer and thus promotes growth of plants. Therefore, a defection rate of afforestation is reduced; thus, construction cost can be reduced. The afforestation soil for a slope in both of dry and wet types is produced by mixing 10-20 parts by weight of sawdust, 10-15 parts by weight of organic fertilizer, 10-15 parts by weight of clay, 5-10 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 5-10 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts by weight of sodium alginate, and 1-5 parts by weight of sodium silicate with respect to 100 parts by weight of artificial soil.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a greening slope and a greening slope,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preventing inclined surfaces caused by civil works such as roads from being eroded due to rainfall and freezing and thawing, The present invention relates to a sloping greening sole capable of recording in a short period of time and capable of performing dry and wet construction selectively in accordance with the conditions of the soil, and to a sloping greening method using the same.

Unstable slopes occur during the construction of roads, railways, industrial complexes, residential land development, etc. Most of these unstable slopes can not be restored to their original state. When left untouched, the slopes are eroded, The risk of collapse is inherent.

Therefore, a slope protection method is required to protect exposed slopes. Slope protection includes all maintenance, including proper design and subsequent construction. In particular, the importance of slope protection is increasing due to the increased risk of repeated natural disasters and the collapse of the slopes.

For the slope protection, the civil construction using concrete retaining wall or concrete block was mainly applied for the purpose of soil stabilization and slope protection. However, due to the rigid appearance of the concrete structure, I had a problem.

In recent years, many new greening methods have been developed to protect the slopes by creating an environment in which plants can grow on slopes by the new method.

Plant seeds are placed on the existing soil, and the flow of seeds generated from nature is resolved by an artificial supply so as to record early.

In the case of laying seeds, if existing soil conditions are favorable, a method of mixing seeds with simple fertilizers and spraying them with water, and a method of spraying and adhering soil and seeds artificially when the soil of the existing slope is in the dark However, there is a problem in that the composition of artificial soil is excessively cured after the greening, and the transition structure of the plant, in which the outside vegetation invades and can coexist, is disadvantageous. In addition, there are many cases where drying damage occurs until the induction of germination of the plant after spraying the green soil. Dry damage can not induce early germination and can eventually result in recording failure. Even though the initial germination and growth are progressed, the growth is reduced due to depletion of nutrients as time passes, and the result of the greening of the slopes may be poor.

Conventionally, the green soil is manufactured so as to be used by only one of a method of spraying water without using water (referred to as a "dry method") and a method of spraying water (hereinafter referred to as "wet method") There is a problem that the dry method and the wet method can not be combined.

Patent No. 10-0286577 Registration No. 10-0606863

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for rapidly moistening a green soil, And can reduce the loss of the construction cost due to the reduction of the defects caused thereby and can be selectively used for the method (dry method, wet method) suited to the conditions of the soil. The present invention has been made to provide a slope surface greening method using a slope.

10 to 20 parts by weight of sawdust, 10 to 15 parts by weight of organic fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts by weight of clay, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, based on 100 parts by weight of artificial soil, 5 to 10 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 10 to 15 parts by weight of sodium alginate, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of sodium silicate.

The artificial soil is mixed with 25 to 35% by weight of Masato, 20 to 30% by weight of loess, 5 to 10% by weight of paper sludge, 10 to 20% by weight of poultry, and 15 to 20% by weight of organic fertilizer.

The greening method using the slope-side greening soils according to the present invention, which is capable of performing both dry and wet processes, includes a first step of flattening the surface of the slopes; After the first step, 3 to 10 parts by weight of seeds are mixed with 100 parts by weight of sloped greenery which can be combined with dry and wet according to claim 1 or 2, and the green layer is formed by laying on the slope with a thickness of 1 to 15 cm And a second step.

In the second step, the slope surface green soil and the water capable of being combined with each other in a dry and wet manner are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 0.9-1.1 to form a wet green layer to form a layer having a thickness of 1 to 5 cm, The green soil is laid at a thickness of more than 5.0 to 15 cm to form a dry recording layer.

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the adsorption property between the green soil material and prevent the caking of the adsorbed material, and thereby to make the structure easy to transit natural plants Early recording is possible and long-term recording can be maintained.

Also, it has an effect of facilitating moisture retention, maintaining organic matter, and breathability of soil, thereby promoting germination of plants and creating an environment in which germinated plants can grow well, thereby promoting rapid greening of slopes.

Because it can be used both dry and wet method, it can be used properly according to the slope state. Therefore, it does not require two kinds of green soil to match the dry method and the wet method. Therefore, it is possible to reduce various costs, A recording layer can be formed.

Also, the method of manufacturing and using is simple, so that it can be easily used by anyone and can be manufactured at low cost, which is economical.

10 to 20 parts by weight of sawdust, 10 to 15 parts by weight of organic fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts by weight of clay, 5 to 10 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate 5 to 10 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 10 to 15 parts by weight of sodium alginate, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of sodium silicate.

The green soil according to the present invention has the following characteristics and can be used for various purposes.

In the absence of water, sodium silicate and aluminum sulphate have the property of curing the material. By using this characteristic, it is possible to bind scattered state of artificial soil in case of dry spraying and prevent cracking after construction. In addition, sodium alginate exhibits controllability (hardness of 27 mm or less) to maintain the degree of hardening properly. In addition, even if sodium silicate and calcium carbonate are excessively reacted, it is possible to maintain appropriate hardness by using sawdust and organic fertilizer, which are intermediates that can control the degree of curing.

On the other hand, when water is mixed, coagulation of each material can be achieved by using the cohesive force of the underwater substance of calcium carbonate and sodium silicate to prevent flocculation and flocculation of the material. In order to prevent the flocculation and proper hardness of the material, sodium silicate Can be mixed and adjusted. In addition, sodium alginate is capable of further manifesting its properties in wet making, making the crystals finer, smoother and more viscous. Therefore, it is possible to prevent cavitation because the rock slope with developed joints and slope slopes with many bends can permeate.

These characteristics can be expressed when each material contains a specific weight ratio. Special care must be taken when mixing the materials at the site and it is necessary to mix them by skilled workers.

Artificial soil is a base material of sloping greening soil which can be dry and wet, and it is used as a base material to record the slope in a short period of time after the greening and to record the slope for a long period. 30 to 30 wt%, paper sludge 5 to 10 wt%, pig flour 10 to 20 wt%, and organic fertilizer 15 to 20 wt%. Many artificial soils are available and artificial soils other than artificial soils of the above-mentioned composition can be used. However, if artificial soils having the composition according to the present invention are used, the effect of further increasing the greening rate can be obtained.

The Masato is a weathered residue of granitic rocks. Granite is the dominant material of the granitic rocks, but it is also common to include crystalline granitic rocks (granodiorite rocks) and gneisses which are similar in quality to those. Because it is a weathered residue, it includes a wide range of rocks, from silt to clay, such as clay, depending on the degree of weathering. It is an aggregate of minerals and it is difficult to grow microorganisms because organic materials are not mixed. It is expected that the growth of the plant can be expected to be improved by using the mixture of the organic matter and the mixture of the yellow soil which can grow the microorganism and is not easily lost in the water. It is easy to germinate at seeding and there is no damage by bacteria. Because drainage is good, it is used also in the soil of the soil. In case of mixing less than 25 wt% by weight, the expected effect of Maasato can not be obtained and the amount of other materials is increased, and when the amount exceeds 35 wt%, the binding force of artificial soil may be deteriorated. The particle size of Masato is 1 ~ 5mm.

The loess is composed of small particles of 0.02 mm to 0.05 mm and has an ionization-induced viscosity. It binds the organic fertilizer and the scattered state of the marathon, has excellent hygroscopicity, adsorbs contaminants, and acts as an adhesive to bond each constituent. It is preferable to use 20-30% by weight. If less than 20% by weight is used, cohesion of the soil is weak and water loss may occur. If it is more than 30% by weight, the artificial soil may be excessively cured during drying.

The papermaking sludge protects seeds such as grasses and wildflowers with excellent heat retention and moisturizing effect and creates an environment in which seeds can germinate. The paper sludge used in the present invention can reduce the manufacturing cost by using recycled pulp produced from waste paper. Paper sludge has a size of 1 ~ 10mm and contains about 50% of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, magnesium and minerals. It has high water content and is used for fertilizer for crops. The paper sludge used in the present invention is preferably a fermentation sludge which undergoes a fermentation process. Paper sludge has the effect of organically bonding each material with fibers when mixed with materials such as margarine or loess. The mixing ratio is 5 to 10% by weight. When less than 5% by weight is used, the thermal insulation and moisturizing effect are weak. When the amount exceeds 10% by weight, the artificial soil may be excessively cured.

The swine is a waste of pigs (including horses) and has been used as organic fertilizer since ancient times. It has recently been processed and produced as a general product. If you use pork, you should use fermented enough. When a fermented product is used, the fermentation is continued after the application, thereby causing a deterioration of the plant growth. The fodder used in the present invention is commercially available fodder. If the amount is less than 10% by weight, the supply of organic matter is small and the growth of the green vegetation is slowed down or is short-lived. If it exceeds 20%, the material binding force of the loess and paper sludge may be deteriorated.

The organic fertilizer has three elements of fertilizer uniformly distributed therein and contains various trace elements necessary for the plant, and gradually decomposes in the soil layer to supply nutrients. There is an advantage that it can alleviate the rapid decline after rapid growth when using chemical fertilizer. Components of organic fertilizers are all carcasses of plants. Organic fertilizers can be used for all commercially available organic fertilizer products. If less than 15% by weight is mixed, the growth of green vegetation is slow, and if it is over 20% by weight, the growth of green vegetation is not affected. It is not good for the aggregation of the soil and the bonding force.

10 to 20 parts by weight of sawdust, 10 to 15 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts by weight of clay, 5 to 10 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 5 to 10 parts by weight of calcium carbonate 5 10-15 parts by weight of sodium alginate, and 1-5 parts by weight of sodium silicate.

The sawdust maintains the pores in the process of curing or stabilizing the above used materials to form an air layer suitable for plant growth and maintains proper hardness by buffering during the process of entangling the artificial soil. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the use of sawdust is not significant. If the amount is more than 20 parts by weight, the binding force of the artificial soil may be deteriorated. The grain size of sawdust is 1 ~ 3mm.

The organic fertilizer has three elements of fertilizer uniformly distributed therein and contains various trace elements necessary for the plant, and gradually decomposes in the soil layer to supply nutrients. There is an advantage that it can alleviate the rapid decline after rapid growth when using chemical fertilizer. Components of organic fertilizers are all carcasses of plants. Organic fertilizer can be used for all commercially available organic fertilizer products. If less than 10 parts by weight is mixed, the growth of green vegetation is slow or it is short-term, and if it exceeds 15 parts by weight, there is no effect on the growth of green vegetation. It is not good for cohesion and cohesion.

The clay has a point of ionization due to soil composed of small particles of 0.02 mm to 0.05 mm. It acts to bind scattered state of organic fertilizer, has excellent hygroscopicity, adsorbs contaminants, and acts as an adhesive to bond each constituent. When the amount of the clay is less than 10 parts by weight, aggregation of the green sheet is not ensured. When the amount of the clay is more than 15 parts by weight, the green sheet may be excessively hardened during drying.

The aluminum sulfate is a weakly alkaline solid type particle, which is representative of an inorganic coagulant. In order to purify tap water, industrial water, industrial wastewater, etc., turbidity substances such as soil, dust or colloidal suspended substances contained in water It is used to coalesce. By using the above properties, it is possible to bind each material of the green soil and to show the effect when attached to the slope. It is economical because the price is low, and the weight of floc (lump) itself is lighter, so that the weight of the green lump can be reduced. A weakly alkaline material can neutralize soil acidification. If less than 5 parts by weight is used, the coagulation effect is hardly exhibited, and if it is used in excess of 10 parts by weight, the phenomenon of rejecting moisture of other materials is exhibited. The average particle size of aluminum sulfate is 50 탆.

The calcium carbonate is mainly composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the form of calcite or aragonite. And the size of the constituent particles ranges from 0.001 mm to a size that can be visually recognized. Localized limestone formed by biological sediments from seawater The limestone is mainly composed of organisms and foraminifera that secrete lime, and terrestrial limestone, which forms clastic sediments, It is made by mechanical migration and deposition of existing limestone. Limestone, which is rich in phosphate due to the chemical action of seawater, is an important resource for fertilizer industry raw materials. Continuous nutrition can be provided to the target slope. Also, aggregation of materials can be achieved through the process of reacting with sodium alginate and coagulating. If the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, the chemical reaction is insignificant and the expected aggregation can not be achieved. If the amount exceeds 10 parts by weight, excessive cementation affects the growth of the plant. . The particle size of calcium carbonate is 1 to 25 mu m.

The sodium alginate is viscous when it absorbs water, and its effect is excellent as a stabilizer and a thickener. It also has the effect of improving cohesion between materials. And reacts with the calcium carbonate to form a metal salt of calcium alginate to stabilize the texture. The crystal is made finer to smooth the texture and maintain the viscosity and shape. It is also used to form a gel or the like of a material. It is easy to induce plant transplantation because of its cohesive but non-caking properties. Because it is hygroscopic, moisture in the air can be effectively collected. When the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the reaction with calcium carbonate is insignificant. When the amount is more than 15 parts by weight, the uniformity of the material is deteriorated due to excessive reaction with calcium carbonate. When used singly, it may be at least 15 parts by weight, but it should not exceed 15 parts by weight since the reaction with calcium carbonate should be maintained appropriately. The particle size of sodium alginate is 25 mu m +/- 5.

The above sodium silicate (NaSiO3.9H2O2Na2O) is used as a soil hardening agent for civil works and the like. It is used when soil hardening such as wetland is needed and it is possible to create an environment suitable for plant growth by adjusting the amount of hardened to have appropriate hardness. It acts as one of the raw materials in the production of zeolite. It has the ability to adsorb, store, and slowly discharge moisture and other inorganic-organic substances because of its excellent physical adsorption ability and chemical cation substitution action due to the structural characteristics of fine pores. These sodium silicates play a role in improving the drought resistance of plants and preventing the loss of fertilizer components. If less than 1 part by weight is mixed, the curing power is insufficient, and if it exceeds 5 parts by weight, excessive cementation of the soil will hinder plant growth.

In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to mix seeds conforming to the requirements of the customer (3 to 10 parts by weight of seeds per 100 parts by weight of green mat) to green clay slopes capable of wet and dry combination according to the present invention, It is installed on an inclined surface.

The surface of the slope must be cleaned before the seeds are mixed with the green soil, the rocks are removed and the slopes are flattened. Then, a green layer mixed with seeds is laid to form a green layer having a certain thickness. Before the green soil is laid, it is possible to install a gang net to assist the rooting of the seed on the slope.

The amount of the foundation soil for slope surface recording of the present invention should be adjusted according to the condition of the place where the soil is laid, but it is generally set to an amount that forms a 1 to 15 cm thick recording layer.

When the thickness of the recording layer of the present invention is 1 to 5 cm, the water is mixed and sprayed by a dedicated spreader, and when the thickness is more than 5 cm, it is installed by a mounting machine.

The division of the above method is economical.

When spraying thickness is thin (1 ~ 5cm), it is advantageous in terms of time and cost than spraying by dry method, spraying with wet type soil which has a simple combination of equipment (integrated equipment) and quick workability. The wet method forms a thickness of 1.5 to 2 cm when sprayed once, and it is possible after a short time (about 30 minutes) if it is desired to form a thickness again on top of it immediately after spraying. Due to the nature of the wet method, it is necessary to have a curing time to prevent the material from flowing down and to activate it. If the thickness is to be 5 cm, it must be repeated three times, and the same curing time as the number of repeated runs is required. For this reason, it takes a long time to complete the work when the spray is thick. Additional use of equipment and labor costs is required. The offset of the feature of quick construction and the long working time is 5cm in thickness. When forming a thickness of more than 5 cm, more time is required than forming the thickness by a dry method, and thus additional cost is required.

The dry method is expensive compared to the wet system (equipment, equipment rental, etc.) and the construction is slower than the wet method (when the thickness is 1 to 5 cm). However, it has the advantage of forming a thickness up to 15cm when spraying once (does not require curing time). The time and cost spent to form a thickness of more than 5 cm to 15 cm is less than that required to form the thickness by a wet method.

For this reason, it is effective in terms of time and cost to separate wet type and dry type from each other.

It is a feature of the present invention that such a composite construction can be carried out. Spraying using water can be done by anyone who has a wet sprayer using a general wet sprayer. When water is mixed, the green sheet and water are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 0.9 to 1.1. If the mixing ratio of the green soil and water is more than 1: 1.1, the material properties of the gel (GEL) state, which is advantageous of the wet soil, can not be utilized when the mixing ratio exceeds the above-mentioned ranges of sodium alginate and calcium carbonate. It is one of the important advantages that the gelation, which is the greatest advantage of wet soil, naturally penetrates into the joints and bends of rock masses, and there is no pore, so that cavitation does not occur after construction. In order to take advantage of the above advantages, water mixing of 1: 0.9 ~ 1.1 must be strictly observed.

After the recording layer is formed, the recording layer is flattened.

<Examples>

1. Green soil composition (kg).

division art
soil sawdust Organic matter
Fertilizer clay Sulfuric acid
aluminum Carbonic acid
calcium Sodium alginate Silicic acid
salt Mixing amount 100 15 13 13 8 7 12 3

2. Composition of artificial soil (weight ratio to 100 kg of artificial soil)

division Masato ocher Paper sludge Swine Organic fertilizer Mixing ratio 30 25 7 20 18

The green soil of this example was prepared by mixing the materials with the above-mentioned composition.

(A, B, C, and D) were prepared. A and B soils did not form a vigorous layer. A soil was dry and B soil was mixed with water to obtain a water content of 50% Of wet condition.

As a comparative example for this comparison, C soil soil is composed of dry soil, D soil soil is composed of wet soil, C soil soil is laid out with the green soil of this embodiment to form a green layer of 10 cm thickness, and D soil soil A green layer of 4 cm thick was formed by mixing the green soil with water at a ratio of 1: 1.

C and D soils of the same type and seedlings were observed under the same conditions for two weeks. As a result, the C, It was confirmed that the vegetation of the A and B soils compared to the soils of the present example was much visible in the non-green areas, i.e., the soil bodies.

Claims (4)

20 to 30% by weight of loess of 0.02 to 0.05 mm in particle size, 5 to 10% by weight of paper sludge, 10 to 20% by weight of pig powder, and 15 to 20% by weight of organic fertilizer are mixed with 25 to 35% by weight of Masato with a particle size of 1 to 5 mm, 10 to 15 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts by weight of a clay having a particle size of 0.02 to 0.05 mm, 5 to 10 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 1 to 10 parts by weight of a clay having a particle size of 1 to 3 mm, 5 to 10 parts by weight of calcium carbonate having a particle size of 25 μm, 10-15 parts by weight of sodium alginate having a particle size of 25 μm ± 5, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of sodium silicate. . delete A first step of flattening the surface of the inclined surface;
After the first step, 3 to 10 parts by weight of seeds are mixed with 100 parts by weight of sloping greenery which can be combined with dry and wet according to claim 1, and the green layer is formed by laying the mixture on the slope at a thickness of 1 to 15 cm. Lt; / RTI &gt;
In the second step, the slope surface green soil and the water, which are capable of wet and dry combination according to the first aspect of the present invention, are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 0.9-1.1 to form a 1 to 5 cm thick layer to form a wet recording layer, And a dry recording layer is formed by laying the slope surface green soil which is capable of dry and wet combination by a thickness of more than 5 cm to 15 cm to form a dry recording layer. delete