KR101434949B1 - A BoilerSystem for Petro Coke with Wet Scrubber and Dust Collector Equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a combustion system for fine-powdered petroleum coke refined powder, having an integrated combustion chamber provided with a slagging prevention means and provided with a wet desulfurizing dust collector. According to the present invention, the wet desulfurizing dust collector is provided to remove sulfur dioxide (SOx) generated during combustion in which fine-powdered petroleum coke (petro coke) refined powder is used as a combustion fuel of a boiler, so that the combustion chamber of the boiler has an improved structure to increase sulfur dioxide (SOx) removal efficiency. Also, a slagging phenomenon in a screen tube of a steam-generating steam generation unit of the boiler, which is attributable to a melting phenomenon of ashes produced during the combustion, can be mitigated. In addition, collapse of a fire barrier that forms an inner wall of the combustion chamber, which is attributable to the melting phenomenon of the ashes, can be prevented. Accordingly, boiler repair and maintenance that is required in a case where the fine-powdered petroleum coke refined powder is used as the combustion fuel can be minimized.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a petroleum coke refined powder combustion system having a wet type desulfurization and dust collecting facility and having a combustion chamber provided with anti-

The present invention provides a wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility for removing sulfur oxides (SOx) generated during combustion by using an undifferentiated petroleum coke purified powder as a fuel for combustion of a boiler, The improvement of the removal efficiency of sulfur oxides (SOx), the improvement of the slagging phenomenon of the screen tube of the steam generating portion which generates the steam of the boiler by the melting phenomenon of the ash generated in the combustion, A means for preventing the collapse of the refractory wall which forms the inner wall of the combustion chamber by the melting phenomenon is proposed and a means of preventing slagging is provided to minimize the maintenance work of the boiler generated when the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder is used as the combustion fuel The present invention relates to a petroleum coke refined powder combustion system having an integrated combustion chamber and a wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility.

Generally, most of the steam used in thermal power plant, cogeneration plant, or industrial field is produced using boiler, and heavy oil or coal such as Bunker-C oil is mostly used for this purpose.

Bunker-C oil, however, has a disadvantage of high calorific value but high price compared to coal, and coal is cheaper than Bunker-C oil, but has a low calorific value.

It is generally known that the calorific value of coal is 6,300 kcal / kg.

Therefore, in consideration of these shortcomings and shortcomings, a study has been conducted on a method of mixed combustion (coal combustion) of coal and bunker-C oil.

However, coal is low in calories, and coal is undifferentiated in order to cope with it.

Recently, a system that mixes petroleum coke (petroleum coke), which is a low sulfur fuel with a low sulfur content, and bunker-C oil mixed with solid carbon in the final stage of crude oil refining Is being attempted.

It is known that the calorific value of petroleum coke refined powder is about 8,400 kcal / kg.

However, petroleum coke, which is a low sulfur fuel, is used as fuel for boiler because it is hardly combusted in lump state and processed into refined powder which is mostly undifferentiated. Such refined powder of petroleum coke has a long flame length Most of the boilers for burning the burner have a problem that the combustion chamber and the steam generating unit are separated from each other and the combustion chamber and the steam generating unit occupy a large area.

In addition, since the inside of the combustion chamber thus separated is made of refractory bricks, heat loss is generated due to the heat released, and the fuel consumption for producing the steam is increased, so that the operation can not be economically performed. Further, the temperature of the combustion chamber is controlled only by the amount of fuel It is difficult to control the temperature of the combustion chamber.

In addition, there is a problem that heat is continuously absorbed into the combustion chamber made only of refractory bricks during the combustion, and the refractory bricks are deteriorated and the strength is lowered, resulting in damage such as breakage. Also, there is a problem in that the petroleum coke Since the combustion characteristic of the undifferentiated refined powder must be maintained at a high temperature, the temperature of the combustion chamber can not be maintained at a low temperature and is always maintained at a high temperature.

Therefore, when the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder is used as a fuel for combustion of a boiler, the desulfurization efficiency can be high in the case of removing by a denitration apparatus and a wet scrubber in the past, but the amount of fine sulfur trioxide (sulfuric anhydride (SO3) particles can not be trapped, and mists are scattered to generate pollutants (also called white smoke and afterburning), and there is a complaint, and when the atmospheric pressure is low, This will cause harm to the human body.

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the present applicant has proposed a petroleum coke refined powder combustion system equipped with a wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility, in Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0106020 published on Oct. 8, 2009, A desulfurization apparatus for removing nitrogen oxides contained in the gas and a desulfurization apparatus for removing sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas by removing sulfur oxides from the flue gas to remove odors and collecting fine sulfur oxides and fine dusts Even in this case, since the combustion characteristic of the undifferentiated refined powder of petroleum coke, which is the inherent sulfur lower fuel in the combustion chamber of the boiler, must be maintained at a high temperature, the combustion temperature is high, There is a great deal of difficulty in operating the wet desulfurization unit.

Therefore, in order to use the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder as a fuel for combustion, a technique for efficiently removing sulfur oxides is required.

In order to remove sulfur oxides efficiently, a combustion method using a fluidized bed has been proposed. However, this method is mainly used in the USA, UK, Germany, Australia, etc., (SOx) and Nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are the main components of the petroleum coke (Petro Coke).

In recent years, however, the combustion method using such a fluidized bed has been attempted in Korea. However, since the coal is first mixed with fine powder and then put into the fluidized bed, combustion is performed while mixing in the fluidized bed having a high heat content. (NOx), which is a pollutant, is suppressed and is not adhered to high-temperature combustion such as ash melting, because the burning temperature is low (750 to 900 DEG C) Although there is an advantage to remove SOx generated by injecting additive, there are many combustion debris (more than four times of petroleum coke) and additional equipment is required to remove it. .

However, as to the combustion method using the fluidized bed after the petroleum coke is first processed with the fine powder, the combustion characteristic of the petroleum coke is different from that of the coal, so that there are many problems in practical use. In order to solve this problem, The third is to further undopartize, and in this case, the addition of such processing costs will reduce the practical economics.

In addition, when refining powder of undifferentiated petroleum coke is burned in the combustion chamber of the boiler, the combustion temperature of the flue gas is very high (1200 to 1400 ° C), so that the flue gas (ash) The temperature rises and this melt adheres to the water pipe of the steam generating part of the boiler or the refractory brick which forms the inner wall of the combustion chamber due to the melting phenomenon of the ash, thereby causing a serious problem of the equipment.

That is, ash components contained in non-combustible components of petroleum coke are mainly composed of minerals and minerals. When the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber is maintained above their melting point, ash which was present in solid phase The gas is melted and transformed into a liquid phase and vaporized and coexisted in a gasified state inside the combustion gas. When the high temperature gas passes through the combustion chamber of the boiler and is quenched through heat exchange at the steam generating portion of the boiler, (Solid-solid) reaction, it is solidified and rapidly solidified after changing into a liquid such as a magma coagulation reaction of the original mineral. Therefore, when the liquid is solidified, the inner wall of the refractory brick Or the outer surface of the water tube of the steam generating part of the boiler, and is hardened like a hard stone, Thereby preventing the flow of the combustion gas by blocking the flow of water between the water tube and the water tube that forms the raw part and eventually stopping the operation of the boiler. Also, when the inner wall of the combustion chamber is cooled at the time of stopping, the melted material is solidified, The thermal expansion coefficient of the refractory material of the refractory brick is different from that of the refractory material of the refractory brick, so that the refractory brick of the combustion chamber is separated from the refractory material.

Therefore, a method in which unburned ash ash of the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder in one combustion chamber is burned without melting is to be burned by lowering the temperature of the combustion chamber to a lower level based on the melting point of the main constituent of the ash, The problem with applying the method to petroleum coke combustion is that since the various other components contained in the petroleum coke fuel have a structural feature that must be burned in a high temperature combustion chamber, The melting phenomenon can not be avoided. In addition, the components of the ash are not only silicon (SiO ₂ ), which is a constituent of most solid fuels, but also heavy metals (vanadium) having a low temperature melting point.

In addition, when the properties of such undifferentiated Petro Cokes refined powders and the temperature condition of the combustion chamber are burned in the present undifferentiated petroleum cokes refined powder, it is possible to obtain ash melting in liquid and vaporized state There is a problem in that it interferes with the flow of the combustion gas due to the clogging of the space between the screen tubes constituted of the tubes formed in the steam generating portion of the boiler by the sudden cooling on the surface of the cold water tube, It happens.

When the combustion chamber integrally formed with the boiler is cooled for such maintenance, the molten ash present in the liquid phase on the surface of the refractory brick which forms the inner wall of the combustion chamber is rapidly solidified as a solid, and the refractory brick The thermal expansion coefficient of the minerals and the refractory bricks are different from each other and the shrinkage coefficients of the refractory bricks vary with time and temperature, So that the surface of the refractory brick which forms the inner wall of the combustion chamber is seriously damaged every time the combustion chamber for the repair is cooled.

In addition, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber of such undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder is 850 to 900 ° C, at which thermal NOx (nitrogen oxide generated by oxidation of N ₂ contained in combustion air at high temperature) Or more, so that the amount of generated thermal NOx is excessively increased, and the removal efficiency of the denitration apparatus is lowered.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a method for producing a fuel- And at the same time, it is possible to solve the problem that the coagulation material is adhered to the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the boiler or the water tube of the steam generating unit which is operated by using the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder as the fuel for combustion of the boiler, Moreover, it is possible to complete combustion without the undifferentiated processed value.

(Petro Coke) refined powder and Bunker-C oil, which are inherent sulfur low-grade fuel, are used as fuel for combustion of boilers, so that the structure of the combustion chamber is changed during combustion to remove sulfur oxides (SOx) And to provide a petroleum coke refined powder combustion system equipped with a wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility for improving efficiency.

To this end, the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder combustion system provided with the wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility of the present invention comprises: a petroleum coke refined powder supply unit for supplying refined petroleum coke refined powder; An ignition fuel supply part for starting ignition as well as a mixture with undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder; A burner for mixing and supplying the undifferentiated petroleum coke purified powder supplied from the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder supply unit and the bunker-C oil supplied from the ignition fuel supply unit to be mixed and supplied; A combustion chamber in which the petroleum coke refined powder pulverized by the burning of the burner and the Bunker-C oil are mixed together; A boiler provided with a steam generating unit for generating steam by heating water by combustion heat generated by improving the structure of the combustion chamber due to low temperature maintenance by the water tube of the combustion chamber and change of direction of the combustion flame; A denitration unit for removing nitrogen oxides contained in the flue gas which is burned in the combustion chamber and is heat-exchanged in the steam generating unit and discharged; A cyclone for trapping unfractionated fractions contained in the flue gas from which nitrogen oxides have been removed from the denitration unit; A spraying unit for spraying a sulfur oxide removing agent from the flue gas passed through the cyclone to remove sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas and remove odors; and a wet electrostatic precipitator for collecting fine sulfur oxides and fine dusts not removed from the spraying unit And a wet desulfurization device integrally provided with a dust collecting part (Wet ESI).

Further, in order to assist initial ignition of the burner, an ignition fuel supply unit further includes an LPG gas supply unit for supplying LPG gas, and further includes a steam supply unit for atomizing to improve the combustion rate of Bunker- do.

The air supply unit including the burner and the first and second air injection lines for injecting combustion air into the combustion chamber performs heat exchange with the steam of the steam supply unit in order to prevent damage to the denitration unit when heat is exchanged in the denitration unit, And an air preheater for preheating air.

In addition, the denitrification apparatus may be an SCR system (NOx conversion system) that converts NOx in a flue gas to nitrogen gas (N2) by passing it through a catalyst column using any one of reducing agents selected from ammonia (NH3), carbon monoxide And an ammonia injection system for using the ammonia injection system.

In addition, a tubular water pipe is formed in the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the boiler to circulate water to the water pipe to generate a heat radiating effect, thereby dropping the high temperature generated during the combustion of the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder to a low temperature, The waste heat is recycled while the generation of the waste heat is restrained and the problem of the complete combustion of the petroleum coke refined powder undifferentiated from the combustion chamber falling off as described above is prevented from occurring in the combustion chamber side from the lower side to the upper side and from the upper side to the lower side A tube panel made of a water pipe is installed to prevent the inside of the combustion chamber from changing the direction of the tip of the combustion flame generated in the combustion chamber so that the combustion flame stays in the combustion chamber while a part of the combustion flame stays in the air supply portion, Injected through the line to complete combustion When the combustion heat generated by the complete combustion and the combustion gas move to the steam generating portion, the flow of the heat is changed to heat exchange, so that the high temperature combustion gas The ash contained in the petroleum coke is prevented from being slagged while preventing the slagging of the petroleum coke, thereby reducing the amount of sulfur oxides as well as thermal NOx while permitting complete combustion of the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to improve the inside of the combustion chamber of a boiler in which a combustion chamber and a steam generating portion are integrally formed to change the flow of combustion flame and combustion gas so as to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides by the lowered combustion chamber temperature, To minimize the melting and vaporization of the ash so that it is adhered to the screen tube of the steam generating portion of the boiler so that the screen tubes are not clogged, thereby effectively increasing the continuous operation time of the boiler, It is possible to minimize the refractory detachment on the inner wall of the combustion chamber due to the water tube formed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber when the boiler is shut down and effectively reduce the heat loss to the outside of the combustion chamber Thereby improving the structural stability at the same time It will be possible.

Further, when the combustion flame inside the combustion chamber and the flow of the combustion gas are changed, the combustion of the combustion flame changed by the first and second air injection nozzles of the secondary air supply line is promoted to induce complete combustion so as to be formed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber or the steam generating portion The temperature rise of the combustion chamber is prevented by the water tube, and the combustion efficiency can be compensated while reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides (thermal NOx).

In addition, after collecting the unreacted flue gas contained in the flue gas firstly in the cyclone, the wet desulfurization system and the electric wet type dust collector using the discharge are used so that the wet desulfurization process, the SOx and the dust are completely collected Thereby improving the removal efficiency of sulfur oxides (SOx) generated in the combustion, and it is advantageous in that no smell is generated and odors can be completely treated.

As a result, refined petroleum coke powder, which is an inherent sulfur low-grade fuel, can be used as fuel of the boiler with excellent efficiency.

1 is a detailed structural view of an overall system according to the present invention;
Figures 2a-2d are enlarged views of the subdivision of Figure 1;
3 is a view showing the internal structure of the boiler according to the present invention
4 is a schematic view showing the flow of combustion heat in the boiler of the present invention.
5 is a state in which a water tube is formed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the present invention.
6 is a state in which the primary air injection nozzle of the present invention is formed.
Fig. 7 is an arrangement view of a water tube of a wall tube paddle according to the present invention. Fig.
8 is a view of the wall tube panel of the present invention arranged in the form of a partition wall.
9 is a side view of an upright state of the wall tube panel of the present invention.
10 is a front view of an upright state of the wall tube panel of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a view showing the arrangement of the screen tubes of the vapor generating portion of the present invention. FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is an overall detailed view of the overall system according to the present invention. 2B is an enlarged view of the configuration of the boiler, FIG. 2C is an enlarged view for preventing damage to the denitration apparatus while supplying heated air to the boiler, FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the configuration for supplying ignition and refined powder to the boiler, FIG. 2D is an enlarged view of the wet electrostatic precipitator, FIGS. 3 and 4 are internal structure diagrams of the boiler, and FIGS. 5 to 11 are internal detailed structural drawings of the respective boilers.

As shown in the figure, the system according to the present invention comprises a petroleum coke refined powder supply unit 10 for supplying an appropriate amount of undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder by blushers 11 according to the combustion state of the combustion chamber 30; An ignition fuel supply unit 20 for starting ignition as well as mixing with petroleum coke refined powder which is preliminarily heated to a predetermined temperature before the petroleum coke purified powder is supplied from the supply unit 10; A burner 31 for mixing and supplying the undifferentiated petroleum coke purified powder supplied from the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder supply unit 10 and the bunker-C oil supplied from the ignition fuel supply unit 20 to be mixed and supplied; ; A combustion chamber (30) in which the petroleum coke refined powder pulverized by the burning of the burner (31) and the bunker-C oil are mixed; A tubular water pipe (32) is formed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber (30) to circulate water through the water pipe (32) to generate a heat radiating effect, thereby lowering the high temperature generated during combustion of the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder, The waste heat can be recycled while suppressing the generation of nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber 30, and the problem that the low-temperature, low-temperature refined petroleum coke refined powder in the combustion chamber 30 is not completely burned in the combustion chamber 30 A wall tube panel 33 is formed by a water tube so as to cover the inner space only from a lower part to an upper part in an upper part of the steam generating part 40. In the steam generating part 40, The wall tube panel 33a of the burner 31 is mounted so as to be spaced apart from each other so that the direction of the tip of the combustion flame of the burner 31 is changed to return to the inside of the combustion chamber, The secondary air supply line 53 of the air supply unit 50 is provided in front of the wall tube panel 33 in which the inside of the combustion chamber 30 is formed while staying in the combustion chamber 30 for a while, The air is injected into the combustion chamber 30 at the same time that the steam generating portion 40 is formed and the air is supplied to the front of the wall tube panel 33a through the secondary air supply line 53 of the air supply portion 50 The primary air nozzle 34a is formed to inject air into the combustion chamber to induce complete combustion to compensate for the reduction in combustion efficiency due to the temperature drop of the combustion chamber 30 and to reduce the combustion heat generated by the complete combustion When the combustion gas moves to the steam generating unit 40, the steam generated by the steam generating unit 40 is changed by the wall tube panel 33a so that the ash contained in the high-temperature combustion gas is melted. Get off It is possible to reduce the amount of generated thermal NOx while allowing the pulverized petroleum coke refined powder to be completely burned without further pulverizing processing while preventing the slagging and also to generate steam A boiler (100) having a boiler (40); A steam supplier 60 for burning the combustion heat generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber 30 and heat-exchanged in the steam generator 40 to drive the existing industrial equipment and various production or power generation facilities; A water supply unit 61 for supplying water to the boiler 100 for generating steam supplied to the steam supply unit 60; A denitration device (70) for removing nitrogen oxides contained in the flue gas combusted and discharged from the combustion chamber (30); An air supply unit 50 having first and second air supply lines 52 and 53 supplied with heated air to the combustion chamber 30 using waste heat of the denitration unit 70; The air supplied from the air supply unit 50 flows through the outside of the denitration unit and the temperature of the inside of the denitration unit 70 is lowered by the heat exchange to remove nitrogen oxides and heat exchange, A cyclone 80 for collecting the air; An injector 91 for injecting a sulfur oxide removing agent into the flue gas passed through the cyclone 80 to remove sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas and remove odors, And a wet type electrical desulfurizer (90) integrally provided with a wet type electrical dust collection unit (92) for collecting the cargo and fine dust.

In order to assist the initial ignition of the burner 31, the ignition fuel supply unit 20 is provided with a bunker-C oil supply line 23 for com- bination with refined powder of undoped petroleum coke, And the gas supply line 21 for supplying LPG or LNG gas is further provided. After the ignition is completed and the temperature is raised to a predetermined temperature, the bunker C oil is supplied through the bunker-C oil supply line 23, ) Is automatically closed.

However, ignition is possible through the bunker-C oil feed line 23 during ignition.

In addition, the ignition fuel supply unit 20 further includes a steam supply line 22 for atomizing Bunker-C oil so as to improve the burning rate of the Bunker C oil mixed with the undifferentiated petroleum coke purified powder, And a shooting blur line 24 for blowing steam to regulate a pressure or an amount according to the combustion state is provided.

The steam supplied to the steam supply line 22 is burned in the combustion chamber 30 so that the combustion heat is heat-exchanged in the steam generating unit 40 and the steam produced is supplied to various boilers 100a, The steam of the steam supply unit 60 for use is used.

The steam supply line 22 supplied to the burner 31 for the Bunker-C oil atomization is branched so that the steam branch line 25 is connected to the air preheater 51 for preheating the air injected from the air supply unit 50, When the air supplied from the air supply unit 50 which supplies the warmed air to the combustion chamber 30 due to the preheating is heat-exchanged in the denitration unit 70, the rapid cooling of the denitration unit 70 It is possible to prevent damage or damage due to the above-mentioned problems.

Therefore, when the air supplied from the burner 31 of the combustion chamber 30 and the air supply unit 50 for injecting air into the combustion chamber is supplied through the denitration unit 70, The preheater 51 is preheated by the preheater 51 to be injected into the denitration unit, so that the temperature of the denitration unit is not rapidly changed, thereby preventing damage to the denitration unit.

At this time, in the state where the air supplied to the denitration unit 70 from the air supply unit 50 is at about 20 ° C, the preheater 51 is caused to heat it to about 50 ° C.

Considering that the internal temperature of the denitration unit 70 is about 300 ° C., the warmed air, which has been heat-exchanged in the denitration unit 70, passes through the first and second air supply lines 52 and 53 to the burner 31 and the combustion chamber 30 so that the ignition heat and the combustion heat in the burner 31 and the combustion chamber 30 are not lost, so that the thermal efficiency is excellent.

Also, the denitration unit 70 may convert nitric oxide (NOx) in the flue gas to nitrogen gas (N2) by passing the catalyst through a catalyst bed using any reducing agent selected from ammonia (NH3), carbon monoxide (CO) And an ammonia injection system for using the SCR system.

The blending ratio of the petroleum coke refined powder and Bunker-C oil burned in the burner 31 is preferably 50 to 90 volume ratios when the petroleum coke refined powder is changed to 50 to 10 volume ratios .

In order to assist initial ignition of the burner 31, the petroleum coke refined powder supply unit 10 may further include an LPG gas supply unit 21 for supplying LPG gas.

Accordingly, when the boiler 100 is initially operated, the bunker-C oil is ignited using a small amount of LPG gas that is easily ignited. When the temperature in the combustion chamber 30 becomes a level due to the combustion heat of the ignited Bunker-C oil, The injection amount of the petroleum coke refined powder may be varied.

In the present invention, it is confirmed that the most economical ratio is the most economical state by mixing 70 wt% of petroleum coke refined powder when the amount is 30 wt% of Bunker-C oil in the error range.

The boiler 100 further includes a combustion chamber 30 in which the petroleum coke refined powder and the bunker-C oil are burnt by the ignition of the burner 31, and a combustion chamber 30 in which water supplied to the combustion heat of the combustion chamber 30 is heated to generate steam When the fuel is burned as described above, the water supplied to the steam generating portion 40 of the boiler 100 is converted into steam by using the heat of combustion The steam thus generated can be used for power generation, and steam itself is used for the production process (chemical or chemical process).

At this time, the produced steam is automatically discharged to the atmosphere by the vent.

In addition, a rust preventive injection unit is installed in the water pipe for transferring the water supplied to the boiler and the produced steam to the rust preventive agent for cleaning.

In addition, since the petroleum coke refined powder is a solid fuel, a large amount of fly ash is generated, so that the dust exhausting apparatus 110 is installed in the lower part of the boiler 100 and the dust collecting part 81 is formed in the lower end of the cyclone will be.

As described above, according to the present invention, the petroleum coke refined powder is used as the fuel for combustion of the boiler 100, thereby reducing the generation amount of dust at the time of using the coal, as well as reducing the amount of fuel used because the calorific value is larger than that of coal. .

However, refined petroleum coke powder contains high sulfur content in the fuel components, so that sulfur oxides (SOx) are generated in the exhaust gas during combustion, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are generated due to the use of external air.

Therefore, a desulfurization facility and a dust collecting facility are required to remove a high sulfur component which requires a denitration facility.

For this purpose, in the present invention, desulfurization and dust collection facilities can be treated as one facility, and a denitrification facility and a wet desulfurization facility are used to satisfy the air pollutant discharge concentration standard to be reinforced.

For this, the denitrification apparatus 70 removes nitrogen oxides contained in the flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber 30. At this time, the denitration apparatus 70 satisfies the air pollutant emission concentration criterion (NOx) in the flue gas is converted into nitrogen gas (N2 (N2)) by passing the catalyst through a catalyst bed using any one of reducing agents selected from ammonia (NH3), carbon monoxide ).

The catalyst used here is a known one for removing nitrogen oxides. At this time, the ammonia injection part 71 is also formed in the denitration device.

An air supply unit 50 for supplying air for combustion supplied to the burner 31 to increase the combustion efficiency of the burner 31 is provided at the rear end of the denitration unit 70 and passes through the denitration unit 70 The air preheating unit 51 for preheating the air of the air supplying unit 50 to prevent the damage of the denitration unit is preheated by the air preheating unit 51 .

At this time, when the air preheating unit 51 is damaged or when the air preheating unit 51 is stopped, the air that has not been preheated by the bypass valve 54 is supplied.

In addition, the wet desulfurizer (WET ESI) 90 removes sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas from which the nitrogen oxides are removed from the denitration unit 70, removes odors, removes the unreacted fine sulfur oxides And it collects fine dusts and prevents the occurrence of smell (also called as white smoke, trailing smell, etc.) due to scattering of mist and generation of odor.

At this time, the fine first is passed through the cyclone 80 and is firstly removed, thereby improving the dust collecting efficiency of the wet desulfurizer (WET ESI) 90.

Thereafter, the principle of collecting the fine sulfur oxides and the fine dust in the wet desulfurizer (WET ESI) 90 uses the principle that the fine sulfur oxides and the fine dust are separated from each other due to the potential difference, will be.

That is, the wet electrostatic precipitator of the wet desulfurizer (WET ESI) (90) of the present invention does not cut off electricity even in the process of generating a lot of wet matter due to the wet desulfurization process, Since the spark does not occur and the operation is performed, the dust collecting efficiency is excellent and the dust collecting part is kept very clean.

The wet desulfurization device 90 divides the inside of the wet electrostatic precipitator into a spray part and a wet electrostatic precipitator and removes gaseous substances and relatively large particles from the spray part, (Wet ESI Part) collects fine particles.

The wet desulfurizer 90 can treat various gaseous pollutants such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ammonia (NH3) as well as sulfur oxides (SOx) generated in the combustion of fossil fuels, to be.

According to the internal structure of the improved combustion chamber of the boiler of the present invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and the improved internal detailed structure of the combustion chamber of the boiler shown in Figs. 5 to 11, the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder and bunker C oil A combustion chamber 30 for burning the combustion flame by a burner 31 and a burner 31 in the combustion chamber 30, A water tube 32 is formed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 30 of the boiler 100 having the steam generating unit 40 for generating steam by the combustion heat and the combustion gas burned by the combustion flame of the boiler 100, 32, the temperature of the combustion chamber 30 is lowered to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides.

However, in order to solve the problem that complete combustion of the undifferentiated petroleum coke having the characteristic of burning at high temperature due to the lowering of the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 30 is not performed, the undifferentiated petroleum coke purifier As shown in FIG. 4, the air supplied by the secondary air injection line 53 along the inner wall of the combustion chamber 30 is injected by the primary air injection nozzle 34a onto the tip of the combustion flame of the powder At the same time, the tip of the combustion flame is changed so that the secondary flame injecting nozzle 34b is formed at the position where the combustion flame located inside the combustion chamber is located, So that the temperature of the combustion chamber can be compensated for.

That is, the leading end of the combustion flame burned in the burner 31 is directed toward the inside of the combustion chamber 30 rather than toward the steam generating portion, so that the combustion flame stays in the combustion chamber for a while.

In order to achieve this, in the present invention, a tube-shaped water tube 33-1 and a partition wall 33-2 are formed in such a manner that they are erected only at regular intervals from the bottom of the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 30, Thereby forming a wall tube panel 33 which blocks a certain portion of the inner space communicating with the wall 40.

Therefore, by the wall tube panel 33, the leading end of the combustion flame is brought into contact with the air discharged from the secondary air injection nozzle 34b as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and also guiding the tip of the combustion flame to stay for a while The tip of the combustion flame increases the contact time with air and the combustion of the combustion flame causes the complete combustion to occur.

At this time, the amount of air injected from the secondary air injection nozzle 34b is controlled by sensing the temperature of the combustion chamber 30 by the sensing means 35.

Then, when the combustion heat and the combustion gas due to the complete combustion are moved to the steam generating unit 40, the temperature is lowered again and the additional combustion flame passing through the wall tube panel 33 is blocked, Another wall tube panel 33a in the form of a tubular water tube 33-1 and a partition 33-2 is formed at the rear of the primary air injection nozzle 34a.

At this time, the wall tube panel 33 positioned in front of the primary air injection nozzle 34a blocks the inner space of the combustion chamber from the lower part to the upper part and opens the upper end, and is positioned behind the primary air injection nozzle 34a The other wall tube panel 33a blocks the inner space of the combustion chamber 30 from the upper part to the lower part and opens the lower end.

Therefore, by the wall tube panels 33 and 33a mounted at the positions opposite to the front and the rear, respectively, with the primary air injection nozzle 34a as the center, the combustion is reduced by the water tube 32 formed in the inner wall of the combustion chamber 30 It is possible to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides due to the temperature, and at the same time, the continuous combustion by the continuous addition of air by the secondary air injection nozzle 34b to the combustion flame and the change of the combustion flame (circulation rising to the top) When the combustion heat generated by the combustion and the combustion gas enter the steam generating unit 40, the combustion gas deviating from the melting zone of the ash by the heat exchange again forms the steam generating unit 40 of the boiler, So that the boiler can be prevented from slagging.

Since the combustion characteristic of the undifferentiated petroleum coke is a long combustion flame, the reaction of surface combustion of the petroleum coke is activated. Therefore, in order to promote the activation of the surface combustion reaction, the primary air injection nozzle (34a) 30 to form a secondary air injection nozzle 34b protruding to the inside of the combustion chamber 30, thereby promoting activation for surface combustion of the combustion flame, thereby enabling complete combustion.

The secondary air infusion nozzle 34b is extended to the lower portion of the wall tube panel 33 where the secondary air infusion nozzle 34b stands up and further protrudes forward to the position where the wall tube panel 33 is located, The combustion is promoted before the leading end of the combustion flame is blocked by the wall tube panel 33. At the same time, the combustion flame is raised while it is blocked and raised. Thus, combustion is induced while improving the combustion efficiency.

Accordingly, the front end of the combustion flame is changed in contact with the partition wall of the wall tube panel 33, which is erected from the lower part to the upper part, and temporarily stays in the combustion chamber and contacts the air discharged from the secondary air injection nozzle 34b Another wall tube panel 33a made of a water tube is formed to induce complete combustion of the combustion flame exiting the wall tube panel 33 erected upward from the combustion heat and the combustion gas and the combustion gas after the combustion heat is generated so that the ash is melted So that the steam generated in the steam generator 40 is generated by the combustion gas that is heat exchanged while being in contact with the other wall tube panel 33a to cause the combustion gas deviating from the melting zone to contact the water tube for generating steam of the boiler 100, It is possible to produce steam without generating a slag phenomenon.

At this time, the upright wall tube panel 33 is inclined in the direction of the steam generating part so as to induce the rotation while being raised when the leading end of the combustion flame hits, so that the tip of the combustion flame moves upwardly, Vortex will not occur.

In this case, another wall tube panel 33a formed to be erected from the upper part to the lower part is formed such that the upper part of the upright length of the wall tube panel 33 uprighted downwardly from the lower part to the upper part is not covered So that the combustion gas that is generated while the combustion heat generated during the complete combustion by the combustion flame passes therethrough is lowered by the heat exchange and enters the steam generating unit 40.

The water tube 33-1 and the blocking wall 33-2 are continuously formed at a predetermined interval so that the water tube 33 and the water tube 33 -1), the lower circulation pipe 33-3 and the upper circulation pipe 33-4 are formed for circulating water in the water pipe.

Therefore, since the water is exchanged by the water pipe 33-1 to prevent the ash of the ash, the water pipe of the steam generating unit 40 is prevented from slagging.

When the partition wall forming the wall tube panel 33, which is upright in the lower part, is formed obliquely in the direction of the steam generating unit 40, the lower end forms a vertical surface and forms an inclined surface, So that the tip rises naturally.

The secondary air injection nozzle 34b is provided so as to protrude further forward from the wall tube panel 33 which is realized in the form of a partition wall so that the inside of the combustion chamber 30, 31 are positioned so that secondary air is supplied to the deep center of the combustion chamber 30, thereby reducing the generation of thermal NOx generated during combustion by the high temperature.

11, the steam generating section may cause the screen bending tube 42 to be repeatedly formed in front of the screen tube 41, thereby widening the tube interval of the screen tube 41 and further expanding the size of the inlet downward Thereby further preventing the screen tube 41 from slagging.

The wet desulfurizer (WET ESI) 90 mainly includes a gas inlet portion 91a, a jetting portion 91 provided with a jetting tower portion 91b, an electric dust collecting portion 92a, A high pressure generating portion 92b, an injecting device 92c and a wet collecting portion 92 provided with a gas discharging portion 92d. The gas inlet portion 91a is discharged from a discharge facility of the boiler The flue gas is introduced by the fan.

The gas inlet portion 91a is designed to have a curvature of a maximum allowable to induce a minimum pressure loss and is introduced into a wet desulfurizer (WET ESI) by a spray water sprayed into a quencher The gas is first cooled to reduce the volume of the gas, particulate matter having a large particle size in the gas is separated, and gaseous substances such as sulfur oxides (SOx) are removed by 30%.

The Spray Tower (Absorber) injects the primary treated gas through a quencher into the gas-phase contact with the chemical water and the gaseous pollutants to remove relatively large particles, Thereby reducing the load on the electrical dust collecting part due to the deterioration.

When gas flows into the jet tower part 91b, dust and noxious gas are treated by the circulating water sprayed from the jet nozzle and Mg (OH) 2 is used as the circulating water.

The electric dust collection unit 92a is configured to discharge the gas processed through the primary cooler and the secondary spray tower with a sulfur oxide (SOx) , A substance to which untreated mist such as a chemical and a contaminant are combined and scattered is introduced.

The electrostatic dust collecting part 92a also collects particles having a particle size of 0.01 mu m to exhibit perfect dust collecting performance.

The electric dust collection unit 92a includes a discharge electrode for generating a corona current and a collecting tube for collecting dust charged by the corona current. A casing constituting a main body of the water jetting device for treating the gaseous matter, a power source device for applying a high voltage and an electric insulation device.

DC high voltage is applied to the discharge electrode, and the main body and the collector tube are electrically insulated by an insulator.

The discharge electrode has a locally protruding portion, and the corona current generated therein flows to the dust collecting tube. The suspended particles in the gas passing between the discharge electrode and the dust collecting tube are charged by the corona current and are discharged by the Coulomb force and the electric field intensity, The dust collecting is performed.

That is, the dust collection rate of the electric dust collection unit is due to the coagulation effect by the electric force and the cleaning effect by spraying the upper spray nozzle (SprayNozzle), so that it is possible to collect dust with extremely high efficiency up to extremely fine dust.

The dust collected in this manner is deposited on the dust collecting tube and is exhausted by the spraying device installed on the upper part of the electric dust collecting part and the spray water is regenerated.

At this time, if some dust collecting dust adheres to the surfaces of the collecting tube and the discharge electrode or if abnormal protrusions are formed, a stable corona discharge does not occur between the collector tube and the discharge electrode, which causes spark discharge and reverse discharge and it is difficult to maintain the charged voltage at the highest state The dust collection rate is lowered.

Therefore, the electric dust collection unit 92a is provided with a continuous washing nozzle for continuously cleaning the dust collection tube and the discharge electrode.

In addition, an intermittent spraying nozzle is installed to maintain the proper operating temperature inside the electric dust collecting unit and to wash away the portion where the dust can not be cleaned, thereby preventing the accumulated dust from being removed.

The spraying device 92c is a device for supplying spray water for internal cleaning of the electrostatic precipitator. The continuous spraying method, the intermittent spraying method, and the circulating spraying method are used. Type, and the pollutants collected in the collecting tube are cleaned and removed by the spraying device.

However, if some parts are fixed to the surface of the dust collecting plate or abnormal protrusions are formed, a stable corona discharge does not occur on the discharge electrode and the dust collecting plate, and a spark discharge (Hunting) It becomes difficult to maintain the charged voltage at the highest state, and the dust collecting efficiency is significantly lowered.

Therefore, an intermittent cleaning device for spraying the cleaning water of a high pressure and a large capacity at a time is provided, and the washing water of a large capacity and high pressure is injected during the intermittent cleaning. Therefore, insulation between the discharge electrode and the dust- Because it causes discharge, it operates in conjunction with T / R and intermittent scrubber.

The direct-current high-voltage generating portion 92b is a power supply device for applying a high voltage and an electric insulating device. The direct current high-voltage generating portion 92b converts the alternating-current voltage into a high voltage of 60 kV DC and supplies it to the discharge electrode.

The DC high voltage current can be adjusted by the control unit, and the stability of the treatment efficiency can be achieved through this.

The electric current generated in the direct current high-voltage generating portion 92b is connected to the discharge electrode using an insulator, and the connecting portion is provided with an insulator box. This insulator is insulated from the high voltage insulator by gas and mist, In order to prevent breakage, seal air is blown from the air purge fan (air purge fan) at all times during operation.

Unlike other dust collecting facilities that generally require a separate stack, the gas discharging unit 92d is integrally provided with a stack.

The clean gas, which has been completely processed while passing through the jet tower part 91b and the electric dust collecting part 92a, is discharged to the atmosphere through a stack provided on the upper part, and is connected to a flow rate measuring and recording device, a dust analyzer, (O2), sulfur oxides (SOx) concentration measuring device, etc., can be attached to various pollutant measuring devices to monitor the treatment state in the control panel. In addition, if the treatment result is bad, It is possible to prevent the discharge of gas exceeding the emission allowance standard.

The control part is a part directly operating the operation of the wet desulfurization device, and can be operated automatically and manually at the control panel.

As described above, according to the present invention, the wet desulfurization process and the removal of sulfur oxides (SOx) generated during the combustion are performed by using the wet type desulfurization device and the wet electrostatic precipitator using the potential difference, The efficiency is improved, the smell does not occur, and the odor is also completely treated.

10: petroleum coke refined powder supply part 11: bluer
20: ignition fuel supply part 21: gas supply line
22: steam supply line 23: bunker C-oil supply line
24: Stub blur line 25: steam branch line
30: combustion chamber 31: burner
32: Water tube 33,33a: Wall tube panel
33-1: water tube 33-2: blocking wall
33-3: upper piping 33-4: lower piping
34a, b: primary air injection nozzle 35: sensing means
40: steam generator
50: air supply unit 51: preheater
52: primary air supply line 53: secondary air supply line
54: Bypass valve
60: steam supply unit 61: water supply unit
70: Denitration device 71: Ammonia injection part
80: Cyclone 81: Collecting part
90: Wet desulfurization unit

Claims (6)

A petroleum coke refined powder supply part 10 for supplying undiluted petroleum coke refined powder by blushers 11 according to the combustion state of the combustion chamber 30;
An ignition fuel supply unit 20 for starting ignition as well as mixing with petroleum coke refined powder which is preliminarily heated to a predetermined temperature before the petroleum coke purified powder is supplied from the supply unit 10;
A burner 31 for mixing and supplying the undifferentiated petroleum coke purified powder supplied from the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder supply unit 10 and the bunker-C oil supplied from the ignition fuel supply unit 20 to be mixed and supplied; ;
A combustion chamber (30) in which the petroleum coke refined powder pulverized by the burning of the burner (31) and the bunker-C oil are mixed;
A tubular water pipe (32) is formed in the inner wall of the combustion chamber (30) to circulate water through the water pipe (32) to generate a heat radiating effect, thereby lowering the high temperature generated during the combustion of the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder, In order to solve the problem that the waste heat is recycled while the generation of nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber 30 is suppressed and the complete decomposition of the refined petroleum coke powder in the combustion chamber 30 does not occur due to low temperature, A wall tube panel 33 is formed by a water tube so as to block the inner space only from a lower portion to an upper portion and a water tube is provided on the side of the steam generating portion 40 so as to block the inner space The wall tube panel 33a is mounted so as to be spaced apart from each other so that the direction of the tip of the combustion flame of the burner 31 is changed to return to the inside of the combustion chamber, To stay for a while in the combustion chamber 30,
A secondary air nozzle 34b is formed in the front of the wall tube panel 33 formed in the combustion chamber 30 through a secondary air supply line 53 of the air supply unit 50 to be injected into the combustion chamber 30 Air is injected,
At the same time, the primary air nozzle 34a is formed on the side of the steam generating unit 40 through the secondary air supply line 53 of the air supply unit 50 in front of the wall tube panel 33a to inject air into the combustion chamber So as to induce complete combustion so as to compensate for the reduction in the combustion efficiency due to the temperature drop of the combustion chamber 30,
When the combustion heat and the combustion gas generated during the complete combustion induction are transferred to the steam generating unit 40, the flow of the combustion heat and the combustion gas are changed to cause heat exchange again so that the ash contained in the high temperature combustion gas deviates from the melting zone A wall tube panel 33a is provided on the side of the steam generating unit 40 so as to reduce the amount of thermal NOx generated while completely burning the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder while preventing further deagglomeration,
A boiler (100) having a steam generating unit (40) for heating water by combustion heat of the combustion chamber (30) to generate steam;
A steam supplier 60 for burning the combustion heat generated in the combustion chamber 30 to heat the steam generated by the heat generated in the steam generator 40 to be used for driving industrial equipment or generating electricity;
A water supply unit 61 for supplying water to the boiler 100 for generating steam supplied to the steam supply unit 60;
A denitration unit 70 for removing nitrogen oxides contained in the flue gas combusted and discharged from the combustion chamber 30;
An air supply unit 50 having first and second air supply lines 52 and 53 supplied with heated air to the combustion chamber 30 using waste heat of the denitration unit 70;
The air supplied from the air supply unit 50 flows through the outside of the denitration unit, and the temperature of the inside of the denitration unit 70 is lowered by heat exchange to heat the refrigerant, thereby causing the cyclone (80);
A spraying part 91 for spraying a sulfur oxide removing agent onto the flue gas passed through the cyclone 80 to remove sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas and remove odors,
And a wet electrostatic precipitator (92) integrally provided with a wet electrostatic precipitator (92) for collecting fine dust particles and fine dust which have not been removed from the jetting section (91), and a combustion chamber An undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder combustion system having an integrated wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility The method according to claim 1,
An ignition fuel supply unit further includes an LPG gas supply unit for supplying LPG gas to assist the initial ignition of the burner, and a slag prevention unit including a steam supply unit for atomizing to improve the combustion rate of Bunker- And a wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility having a combustion chamber integrally provided therein. The method according to claim 1,
The first and second air supply lines for injecting air into the combustion chamber include an air preheater for preheating air injected from the first and second air supply lines in order to prevent damage to the denitration unit when heat is exchanged in the denitration unit And a wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility having a combustion chamber integrally provided with the anti-slagging preventing means. The method according to claim 1,
By forming a tubular water pipe on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, water is circulated through the water pipe to generate a heat radiation effect, and the high temperature generated in the combustion of the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder is lowered to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber And a wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility having a combustion chamber integrally provided with a slag preventing means for causing waste heat to be recycled. 5. The method of claim 4,
In order to completely burn the refined petroleum coke refined powder separated from the combustion chamber in the combustion chamber, a wall tube panel by a water tube is installed so as to cover the inside space only from a lower part to an upper part on the combustion chamber side, The direction of the leading end is changed to the inside of the combustion chamber so that the combustion flame stays in the combustion chamber while the direction of the tip of the combustion flame is changed so that the combustion flame stays in the combustion chamber, (53a, 53a, 53a, 53a, 53a, 53a, 53a, 53a, 53a, 53a, 53a, 53a) An undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder combustion system comprising an integrated wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility. 6. The method of claim 5,
When the combustion heat and the combustion gas generated by the complete combustion in the combustion chamber move to the steam generating portion, a tube panel is formed by the water tube so as to block the inner space only from a certain portion from the upper side to the lower side on the side of the steam generating portion, By changing the flow to re-heat exchange, the ash contained in the high-temperature combustion gas deviates from the melting zone to prevent the slagging, while further reducing the undifferentiated petroleum coke refined powder to completely burn down while reducing the amount of thermal NOx And a wet desulfurization and dust collecting facility having a combustion chamber integrally provided therein.

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