KR101418858B1 - Heat pump system for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a vehicular heat pump system, and more particularly, to a vehicular heat pump system, The controller controls the defrosting control unit to perform defrost control to supply a part of the refrigerant to the evaporator and perform a defrost control to raise the temperature of the refrigerant circulating in the system. The temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger can be increased to increase the heating delay and the defrosting effect, thereby improving the heating performance and the stability of the system, and stopping the compressor even when the outdoor heat exchanger is conceived To a vehicle heat pump system capable of continuous operation of the system without Will.

Description

[0001] Heat pump system for vehicle [0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a vehicular heat pump system, and more particularly, to a vehicular heat pump system, A part of the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator side, and the system is controlled so that the refrigerant temperature rises to perform the defrosting control.

Background Art [0002] A vehicle air conditioner generally includes a cooling system for cooling the interior of a vehicle and a heating system for heating the interior of the vehicle. Wherein the cooling system is configured to cool air in the vehicle interior by exchanging air passing through the outside of the evaporator at the evaporator side of the refrigerant cycle with the refrigerant flowing in the evaporator to convert into cool air, The air passing through the outside of the core is exchanged with the cooling water flowing in the inside of the heater core to warm the inside of the vehicle.

A heat pump system which can selectively perform cooling and heating by switching the flow direction of refrigerant by using one refrigerant cycle is different from the above vehicle air conditioning system. For example, two heat exchangers (That is, an indoor heat exchanger installed inside the air conditioner case for exchanging heat with air blown into the vehicle interior, and an outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat outside the air conditioner case), and a direction control valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant do. Therefore, when the cooling mode is operated according to the flow direction of the refrigerant by the direction control valve, the indoor heat exchanger functions as a cooling heat exchanger. When the heating mode is activated, the indoor heat exchanger functions as a heating heat exchanger .

Various kinds of such a heat pump system for vehicles have been proposed, and a representative example thereof is shown in Fig.

1 includes a compressor 30 for compressing and discharging a refrigerant, a high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 for dissipating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30, A first expansion valve 34 and a first bypass valve 36 for selectively passing the refrigerant passed through the high pressure side heat exchanger 32 and a second expansion valve 34 and a first bypass valve 36 Pressure side heat exchanger (60) for evaporating the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger (48), and a low-pressure side heat exchanger (60) for evaporating the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger An accumulator 62 for separating the refrigerant having passed through it into a gas phase and a liquid phase refrigerant, an internal heat exchanger 50 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant supplied to the low pressure side heat exchanger 60 and the refrigerant returning to the compressor 30, Pressure side heat exchanger (60), and a low-pressure side heat exchanger The second expansion valve 56 and the second expansion valve 56 are provided in parallel with each other so as to selectively connect the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 48 and the inlet side of the accumulator 62, 2 bypass valve (58).

1, reference numeral 10 denotes an air conditioning case in which the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 and the low-pressure side heat exchanger 60 are incorporated, reference numeral 12 denotes a temperature control door for controlling the mixing amount of cold air and warm air, And an air blower installed at the entrance of the air conditioning case.

The first bypass valve 36 and the second expansion valve 56 are closed and the first expansion valve (heating mode) 34 and the second bypass valve 58 are opened. In addition, the temperature control door 12 operates as shown in Fig. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30 flows through the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32, the first expansion valve 34, the outdoor heat exchanger 48, the high-pressure portion 52 of the internal heat exchanger 50, The accumulator 62 and the low pressure section 54 of the internal heat exchanger 50 in this order. That is, the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 serves as a radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger 48 serves as an evaporator.

When the air conditioning mode (cooling mode) is activated, the first bypass valve 36 and the second expansion valve 56 are opened, and the first expansion valve 34 and the second bypass valve 58 are closed do. Further, the temperature control door 12 closes the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 passage. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30 flows through the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32, the first bypass valve 36, the outdoor heat exchanger 48, the high-pressure portion 52 of the internal heat exchanger 50, The low pressure side heat exchanger 60, the accumulator 62 and the low pressure portion 54 of the internal heat exchanger 50 in this order. That is, the low-pressure side heat exchanger 60 serves as an evaporator, and the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 closed by the temperature control door 12 serves as a radiator as in the heat pump mode do.

However, in the conventional vehicle heat pump system, when the heat pump mode (heating mode), the high-pressure side heat exchanger 32 installed inside the air conditioning case 10 serves as a heater and performs heating, The air conditioner 48 is installed outside the air conditioner case 10, that is, on the front side of the engine room of the vehicle, and functions as an evaporator that performs heat exchange with outdoor air.

At this time, when the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger (48) exchanges heat with the outdoor air, the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger (48) falls below the freezing point, Start.

When the frosting continues to spread on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 48, the outdoor heat exchanger 48 can not absorb heat, so that the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant in the system are lowered, The liquid refrigerant can flow into the compressor and the stability of the system is deteriorated.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an evaporator for a refrigerator, comprising: an evaporator; an evaporator for evaporating a portion of a refrigerant flowing along a first bypass line toward a heat- The dehumidifying heat source of the evaporator and the refrigerant temperature rise control of the system are controlled by performing the defrost control to supply the refrigerant to the outdoor heat exchanger, It is possible to increase the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger to obtain the retardation and the defrosting effect, thereby improving the heating performance and the stability of the system. Further, even when the outdoor heat exchanger is concealed, The present invention provides an automotive heat pump system that can be operated.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigeration system comprising: a compressor installed on a refrigerant circulation line for compressing and discharging a refrigerant; and a heat exchanger installed inside the air conditioner case for exchanging heat between the air in the air conditioning case and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, And an evaporator provided inside the air conditioner case for exchanging heat between the air in the air conditioner case and the refrigerant supplied to the compressor, and a heat exchanger provided outside the air conditioner case for exchanging heat between the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulation line and outdoor air A second expansion means provided on the refrigerant circulation line between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger for expanding the refrigerant, a second expansion means provided on the refrigerant circulation line between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger for expanding the refrigerant, And a second heat exchanger for cooling the inlet side refrigerant of the first expansion means, A first bypass line installed to connect the circulation line and the refrigerant circulation line at the outlet side of the evaporator so that the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulation line selectively bypasses the first expansion means and the evaporator, A first bypass line installed on the pass line for supplying heat to the refrigerant flowing along the first bypass line and a second bypass line connected to the inlet side refrigerant circulation line of the evaporator, A first direction switching valve for switching a refrigerant flow direction to the first bypass line, an opening / closing valve for opening / closing a refrigerant flow of the branch line, an ignition recognizing means for recognizing an impregnation of the outdoor heat exchanger, And a control unit for controlling the system, including a blower for blowing air into the air conditioning case, wherein the control unit controls the circulation of the refrigerant circulation line When the outdoor heat exchanger and the first bypass line include the heat supply means for circulating the refrigerant through the open / close valve, And performs defrost control to supply a part of the refrigerant flowing toward the heat supply means along the first bypass line to the evaporator side and to perform a refrigerant warm mode in which the temperature of the refrigerant circulating through the system is raised.

In the present invention, when the outdoor heat exchanger is concealed during operation of the heat pump mode, a branch line is opened through an on-off valve to supply a part of the refrigerant flowing along the first bypass line to the heat supply means side to the evaporator side, The temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger through the control of raising the temperature of the refrigerant in the system and the dehumidifying heat source of the evaporator and the total waste heat through the heat supply unit is performed by performing the defrost control for performing the refrigerant warm- So that the heating delay and the defrosting effect can be obtained, thereby improving the heating performance and the stability of the system.

Further, even when the outdoor heat exchanger is concealed, continuous operation of the system is possible without stopping the compressor.

1 is a schematic view showing a conventional heat pump system for a vehicle,
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an air conditioner mode in a heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention,
3 is a view showing a first heating mode of a heat pump mode in a vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention;
4 is a view showing a defrost mode of the heat pump mode in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention.
5 is a view showing a dehumidifying mode during the first heating mode operation of the heat pump mode in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.
6 is a view showing a second heating mode of the heat pump mode in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.
7 is a view showing a dehumidifying mode during the second heating mode operation of the heat pump mode in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, a heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a compressor 100, an indoor heat exchanger 110, a second expansion means 120, an outdoor heat exchanger 130, The first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 are sequentially connected to each other and are preferably applied to an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

A first bypass line R1 for bypassing the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 and a second bypass line R1 for bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger 130 are provided on the refrigerant circulation line R. [ And a first direction switching valve 191 is connected to a branch point of the first bypass line R1 and a second direction switching valve 191 is connected to a branch line of the first bypass line R1, A second direction switching valve 192 is provided at a branch point of the second bypass line R2 and the third direction switching valve 193 is installed at a branch point of the expansion line R3. do.

A branch line R4 is provided so as to connect the outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the first expansion means 140 and the first bypass line R1, (Not shown).

2, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 flows through the indoor heat exchanger 110, the outdoor heat exchanger 130, the first expansion device 140, the evaporator 160, the compressor The indoor heat exchanger 110 serves as a condenser and the evaporator 160 serves as an evaporator.

Meanwhile, the outdoor heat exchanger 130 functions as a condenser as the indoor heat exchanger 110.

3, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110, the second expansion means 120, the outdoor heat exchanger 130, the outdoor heat exchanger 130, 1 bypass line R1 and the compressor 100. The indoor heat exchanger 110 serves as a condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger 130 serves as an evaporator, 1 Refrigerant is not supplied to the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160.

As described above, the heat pump system of the present invention can share the refrigerant circulation line R with the same refrigerant circulation direction in the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, prevents the refrigerant stagnation phenomenon that occurs when the refrigerant does not flow, The circulation line (R) can also be simplified.

In the present invention, the heat pump mode is diversified as the first heating mode, the second heating mode, the dehumidifying mode, and the defrosting mode.

In this case, a control unit (not shown), which will be described later, performs the first heating mode of the heat pump mode when the outdoor temperature is equal to or higher than the reference temperature and the second heating mode of the heat pump mode when the outdoor temperature is lower than the reference temperature.

Here, the first heating mode is performed when the outdoor temperature is 0 ° C or higher (image), and the second heating mode is performed when the outdoor temperature is lower than 0 ° C (minus).

Of course, the reference temperature of the outdoor temperature for distinguishing the first and second heating modes is not limited to 0 ° C, but may be changed according to the purpose.

Further, the dehumidifying mode is performed when dehumidifying the car in the first and second heating modes, and the defrosting mode, which will be described later, is performed when the defrosting is necessary due to the conception of the outdoor heat exchanger while operating in the first heating mode .

For reference, the defrost mode is the same as the second heating mode and the refrigerant circulation path.

Hereinafter, each component of the heat pump system will be described in detail.

First, the compressor 100 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R receives power from an engine (an internal combustion engine, a motor, or the like), sucks the refrigerant, compresses the refrigerant, and discharges the compressed refrigerant in a gas state of high temperature and high pressure.

The compressor 100 sucks and compresses the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 in the air conditioning mode and supplies the compressed refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 110. In the heat pump mode, The refrigerant having passed through the first bypass line R1 is sucked, compressed, and supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 side.

In the defrost mode and the dehumidification mode, the refrigerant is simultaneously supplied to the first bypass line (R1) and the evaporator (160) through the branch line (R4) described later. In this case, Passes through the first bypass line (R1) and the evaporator (160), sucks and compresses the combined refrigerant, and supplies the compressed refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger (110).

The indoor heat exchanger 110 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the outlet side of the compressor 100 and is connected to the air flowing in the air conditioning case 150 The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is heat-exchanged.

The evaporator 160 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the inlet side of the compressor 100 so that the air flowing in the air conditioning case 150 And the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100 is heat-exchanged.

The indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser in both the air conditioning mode and the heat pump mode,

In the defrosting mode and the dehumidifying mode, a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator 160, so that the evaporator 160 is operated as an evaporator. .

At this time, the performance of the evaporator 160 in the defrost mode and the dehumidification mode is lower than the evaporator performance of the evaporator 160 in the air conditioning mode.

The indoor heat exchanger 110 and the evaporator 160 are installed in the air conditioner case 150 at a predetermined distance from the air conditioner case 150, And an indoor heat exchanger 110 are sequentially installed.

2, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the first expansion means 140 is supplied to the evaporator 160. At this time, the blower (not shown) Air flowing through the air conditioning case 150 through the evaporator 160 is exchanged with the low temperature low pressure refrigerant in the evaporator 160 to be converted into cool air and then discharged to the vehicle interior The inside of the car is cooled.

3, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 110 to the indoor heat exchanger 110. In the heat pump mode (first heating mode) in which the indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser, The air flowing inside the air conditioning case 150 through the blower (not shown) flows through the indoor heat exchanger 110, and the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 110 is heat- And then it is discharged to the inside of the vehicle to heat the inside of the vehicle.

The size of the evaporator 160 may be larger than the size of the indoor heat exchanger 110.

The amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 are adjusted between the evaporator 160 and the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning case 150 A temperature control door 151 is provided.

The temperature control door 151 adjusts the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 to control the temperature of the air discharged from the air conditioning case 150 Can be adjusted appropriately,

2, when the front side passageway of the indoor heat exchanger 110 is completely closed through the temperature control door 151 as shown in FIG. 2, the cold air passing through the evaporator 160 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110, The indoor heat exchanger 110 is bypassed through the temperature control door 151 as shown in FIG. 3 during the heat pump mode (in the first heating mode) All the air passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 serving as a condenser and is converted into warm air, and the warm air is supplied to the interior of the vehicle, so that the maximum heating is performed.

The outdoor heat exchanger 130 is installed outside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line R and outdoor air .

The outdoor heat exchanger 130 is installed on the front side of the vehicle engine room to exchange heat with the outdoor air.

The outdoor heat exchanger 130 functions as the same condenser as the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning mode. At this time, the high-temperature refrigerant flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is heat-exchanged with the outdoor air, do. In the heat pump mode (first heating mode), the refrigerant acts as an evaporator opposite to the indoor heat exchanger 110. At this time, the low-temperature refrigerant flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 130 exchanges heat with the outdoor air, .

The first expansion means 140 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R on the inlet side of the evaporator 160 and expands the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 160.

That is, the first expansion means 140 causes the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 130 to expand into a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid state in the air conditioning mode, and then supplied to the evaporator 160 .

The first expansion means 140 may be an expansion valve, but may be an orifice.

The second expansion means 120 may be installed on the refrigerant circulation line R between the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the outdoor heat exchanger 130 so as to perform the outdoor heat exchange Thereby selectively expanding the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 130.

The second expansion means 120 is installed on the expansion line R3 connected in parallel on the refrigerant circulation line R between the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the outdoor heat exchanger 130. [

Here, the second expansion means (120) comprises an electronic expansion valve (121) capable of variably controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant through the control unit.

The refrigerant that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 110 according to the air conditioning mode or the heat pump mode is supplied to the branch line between the expansion line R3 and the refrigerant circulation line R through the expansion line R3, A third direction switching valve 193 for switching the refrigerant flow direction to pass through the expansion means 120 or bypass the second expansion means 120 is provided.

Accordingly, in the air conditioning mode, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 and passed through the indoor heat exchanger 110 by the third direction switching valve 193 bypasses the second expansion means 120 And is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 130. In the heat pump mode (in the first heating mode), the refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 100 by the third direction switching valve 193, The refrigerant passes through the expansion line (R3) and the second expansion means (120) and is expanded and supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger (130).

The first bypass line R1 is installed to connect the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the first expansion means 140 and the outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160 , And the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulation line (R) selectively bypasses the first expansion means (140) and the evaporator (160).

As shown in the figure, the first bypass line R1 is disposed in parallel with the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160, that is, the inlet side of the first bypass line R1 is connected to the outdoor Is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R connecting the heat exchanger 130 and the first expansion means 140 and the outlet side is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R connecting the evaporator 160 and the compressor 100 .

The refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 flows to the first expansion device 140 and the evaporator 160 in the air conditioner mode. However, in the heat pump mode (first heating mode) The refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 flows directly to the compressor 100 side through the first bypass line R 1 and bypasses the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160.

Here, the function of switching the flow direction of the refrigerant according to the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode is performed through the first direction switching valve 191.

The first direction switching valve 191 is installed at a branch point between the first bypass line Rl and the refrigerant circulation line R and is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 according to an air conditioning mode or a heat pump mode. The refrigerant flow direction is switched so that the refrigerant passing through the first bypass line (R1) or the first expansion means (140) flows.

At this time, the first directional control valve 191 controls the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 in the air conditioning mode and passed through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the outdoor heat exchanger 130 to flow through the first expansion means 140, The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 flows through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the second expansion means 120 and the outdoor heat exchanger 120. In the heat pump mode, So that the refrigerant passing through the first bypass line (130) flows in the first bypass line (R1).

Meanwhile, the first directional control valve 191 is provided at a branch point on the inlet side of the first bypass line R1, and it is preferable to use a three-way valve.

It is preferable that not only the first direction switching valve 191 but also the second direction switching valve 192 and the third direction switching valve 193 use a three-way valve.

The second bypass line R2 is installed in parallel with the refrigerant circulation line R so that the refrigerant selectively passing through the second expansion means 120 bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger 130, That is, the second bypass line (R2) is provided to connect the inlet-outlet refrigerant circulation line (R) of the outdoor heat exchanger (130), so that the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line (R) (130).

The refrigerant is circulated through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 or the second bypass line R2 at a branch point between the second bypass line R2 and the refrigerant circulation line R, A second direction switching valve 192 for switching the flow direction is provided.

At this time, when the outdoor temperature is an image, the refrigerant is controlled to flow to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 through the control of the second direction switching valve 192. When the outdoor temperature is zero, The refrigerant is controlled to flow to the second bypass line (R2) by bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger (130) through the control of the control unit (192).

In other words, the refrigerant passing through the second expansion means (120), as in the second heating mode of Fig. 6, is cooled by the outdoor heat exchanger (130) and flows to the second bypass line (R2) side.

An electric heater 115 is further installed on the downstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning case 150 to improve the heating performance.

That is, the heating performance can be improved by operating the electric heating type heater 115 as an auxiliary heat source at the start of the vehicle, and the electric heating type heater 115 can be operated even when the heating heat source is insufficient.

As the electric heater 115, a PTC heater is preferably used.

On the first bypass line R1, a heat supply means 180 for supplying heat to the refrigerant flowing along the first bypass line R1 is installed.

The heat supply unit 180 is connected to the first bypass line Rl so that waste heat of the vehicle electrical product 200 can be supplied to the refrigerant flowing through the first bypass line R1, And a cooling water heat exchanger 181b which is provided at one side of the refrigerant heat exchanger 181a and is capable of heat exchange and in which the cooling water circulating in the vehicle electrical appliance 200 flows, .

Therefore, the heating performance can be improved by recovering the heat source from the waste heat of the vehicle electrical equipment 200 in the heat pump mode.

On the other hand, the vehicle electrical equipment 200 is typically a motor, an inverter, or the like.

The inlet side first bypass line (R1) of the heat supply means (180) is connected to the evaporator (160) to supply a part of the refrigerant flowing toward the heat supply means (180) along the first bypass line (R1) And a branch line R4 connecting the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160 and an opening and closing valve 195 for opening and closing the refrigerant flow are provided on the branch line R4.

The opening / closing valve 195 is opened in the dehumidifying mode or a defrosting mode to be described later, so that a part of the refrigerant flowing toward the first bypass line R1 by the first direction switching valve 191 is discharged to the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 And the waste heat of the vehicle electrical component 200 is recovered while a part thereof passes through the evaporator 160 through the branch line R4.

Accordingly, the air flowing inside the air conditioning case 150 is dehumidified while passing through the evaporator 160, that is, during the heat pump mode operation such as the first and second heating modes, the branch line R4 ) Can perform dehumidification in the car interior.

In order to improve the heating performance by recovering the heat source of the room air during the second heating mode in which the outdoor temperature is zero and the dehumidification mode during the second heating mode, To enter the air conditioning case (150).

A controller (not shown) is provided to control the heat pump system of the present invention. The controller includes a first direction switching valve 191 for switching the refrigerant flow direction to the first bypass line R1, An opening / closing valve 195 for opening / closing the refrigerant flow of the branch line R4, an ignition recognizing means (not shown) for recognizing the ignition of the outdoor heat exchanger 130, And a blower 152 installed to blow outside air to control the system.

Of course, the control unit may include a second direction switching valve 192, a third direction switching valve 193, as well as the first direction switching valve 191, the on-off valve 195, The electric heater 115, and the like.

The control unit controls the refrigerant circulating line R so that the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulating line R is circulated through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 and the heat supply unit 180 of the first bypass line R1, The branch line R4 is opened through the opening and closing valve 195 and flows toward the heat supply means 180 along the first bypass line R1 when the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is concealed from the conception recognition means A defrost control is performed to supply a part of the refrigerant to the evaporator 160 side and to perform a refrigerant warm mode in which the temperature of the refrigerant circulating in the system is increased.

That is, in the first heating mode of the heat pump mode, the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 130 may drop below the freezing point during the heat exchange of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 130 with the outdoor air. If the additional heat source is not supplied to the system, the outdoor heat exchanger 130 will not be able to endothermically absorb heat, and consequently, the refrigerant in the system The temperature and pressure are lowered and the temperature of the air discharged into the room is lowered. As a result, the heating performance is deteriorated, and the liquid refrigerant can be introduced into the compressor 100, thereby decreasing the stability of the system.

Therefore, when the control unit recognizes the conception of the outdoor heat exchanger 130 from the conception recognition means in the first heating mode of the heat pump mode, the control unit opens the branch line R4 through the opening / closing valve 195, A defrosting mode in which a part of the refrigerant flowing toward the heat supply unit 180 along the first bypass line R1 is supplied to the evaporator 160 side and the refrigerant warming mode in which the temperature of the refrigerant circulating in the system is increased is performed, Control, i.e., the defrosting mode.

In other words, during the defrosting control (defrost mode), a part of the refrigerant flowing along the first bypass line (R1) is supplied to the heat supply unit (180) to recover the total area waste heat of the vehicle, Is supplied to the evaporator (160) through the branch line (R4) to recover the dehumidifying heat source, and further performs the refrigerant warm mode in which the temperature of the refrigerant circulating in the system is increased to be introduced into the outdoor heat exchanger The temperature of the refrigerant is raised.

At this time, the air introduced into the air conditioning case 150 is dehumidified in the course of heat exchange with the evaporator 160. In this process, the additional heat source absorbed by the evaporator 160, that is, the compressor 100 by the dehumidifying heat source, The temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is increased by controlling the temperature of the refrigerant in the system to increase the temperature of the refrigerant and the pressure of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 130, Can be obtained.

Accordingly, it is possible to improve the heating performance and the stability of the system, and to continuously operate the system without stopping the compressor 100 even when the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is concealed.

The control unit controls the system to perform a refrigerant warm-up mode in which the temperature of the refrigerant circulating in the system is raised during the defrost control (in the defrost mode). The following three methods can be used.

The first control is to decrease the RPM of the compressor 100 in the refrigerant warm mode. That is, if the number of revolutions of the compressor 100 is controlled to be reduced, the flow rate of the system can be reduced to raise the temperature of the refrigerant circulating in the system.

The second control is to increase the discharge air volume of the blower 152 in the refrigerant warm mode. That is, if the blower 152 is controlled to increase the amount of the blowing air, heat exchange with the evaporator 160 in the air conditioning case 150 is increased to raise the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 100, This can also increase the temperature of the refrigerant circulating through the system.

Thirdly, the amount of opening of the electronic expansion valve 121, which is the second expansion means 120, is controlled to increase in the refrigerant warm mode. That is, if the opening amount of the electronic expansion valve 121 is controlled to be increased, the amount of refrigerant passing through the electronic expansion valve 121 increases, and the refrigerant pressure and the temperature increase. As a result, .

On the other hand, the controller may control the temperature of the refrigerant circulating in the system to be raised by appropriately combining the three methods.

The conception recognition means is provided with a conception sensor (not shown) in the outdoor heat exchanger 130 to sense the conception of the outdoor heat exchanger 130.

In addition, a temperature sensor (not shown) for sensing the temperature of the discharged air is installed on the side of the vehicle compartment outlet port connected to the air conditioning case 150.

The controller senses the temperature of air discharged from the air conditioning case 150 to the vehicle interior during the defrosting control (defrosting mode) through the temperature sensor, and when the temperature is below the target temperature, Can be operated. In other words, when defrost control is insufficient, the capacity of the electric heater 115 is increased.

The control unit may control the air inflow mode of the air conditioning case 150 so that the air is introduced into the air conditioning case 150 when the vehicle room temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature at the time of the defrosting control So that a heat source can be additionally secured.

At this time, the control unit is based on the inflow inflow mode, but may also inflow the inside air and the outside air together.

Since the refrigerant circulates through the outdoor heat exchanger 130, the heat supply unit 180, and the evaporator 160, the defrost mode, which operates when the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is concealed, The temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 100 and the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 130 through the control for performing the refrigerant warm mode for raising the temperature of the refrigerant circulating the system can be utilized as the heat source of the system, The temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 130 can be increased, thereby delaying the conception of the outdoor heat exchanger 130 and obtaining the defrosting effect.

On the other hand, an accumulator 170 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R on the inlet side of the compressor 100.

The accumulator 170 separates the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100 so that only the gaseous refrigerant can be supplied to the compressor 100.

Hereinafter, the operation of the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention will be described.

end. Air conditioning mode (cooling mode) (Fig. 2)

In the air conditioning mode (cooling mode), as shown in FIG. 2, the first bypass line R1 is closed through the first direction switching valve 191, and the first bypass line R1 is closed through the second direction switching valve 192 The second bypass line R2 is also closed, and the third direction switching valve 193 closes the expansion line R3.

The cooling water circulating through the electrical component 200 is not supplied to the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 of the heat supply unit 180.

On the other hand, at the time of maximum cooling, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage through the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower Is cooled while passing through the evaporator (160), and is then supplied to the interior of the vehicle by bypassing the indoor heat exchanger (110), thereby cooling the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed in the air conditioning case 150.

The refrigerant supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 without heat exchange with air because the temperature control door 151 closes the passage on the indoor heat exchanger 110 as shown in FIG. .

The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is condensed while exchanging heat with the outdoor air, thereby changing the gaseous refrigerant into the liquid refrigerant.

Meanwhile, both the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the outdoor heat exchanger 130 perform the condenser dynamics, but the refrigerant is mainly condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 130 that performs heat exchange with the outdoor air.

Subsequently, the refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is decompressed and expanded in the process of passing through the first expansion means 140 to be a low-temperature low-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant, and then flows into the evaporator 160.

The refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 160 is heat-exchanged with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower to evaporate, and at the same time, the air is cooled by an endothermic effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant. And supplied to the vehicle interior to be cooled.

Then, the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 flows into the compressor 100 and recycles the cycle as described above.

I. In the first heating mode (FIG. 3) of the heat pump mode,

The first heating mode of the heat pump mode operates in a condition that the outdoor temperature is an image and uses the outdoor air and the waste heat of the vehicle electrical equipment 200 as a heat source. The first bypass line R1 is opened and the refrigerant is not supplied to the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 side.

The second bypass line R2 is closed through the second direction switching valve 192 and the expansion line R3 is opened through the third direction switching valve 193.

On the other hand, the cooling water heated by the vehicle electrical component 200 is supplied to the cooling water heat exchanger 181b of the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 serving as the heat supply means 180.

In the first heating mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, and is blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower Air passes through the evaporator 160 (operation stop), passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110, and is converted into hot air to be supplied to the interior of the vehicle, thereby heating the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed inside the air conditioning case 150.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 is condensed while exchanging heat with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower. At this time, air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 After changing to hot air, it is supplied to the interior of the vehicle, and the interior of the vehicle is heated.

Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 110 flows into the expansion line R3 through the third direction switching valve 193, and the refrigerant flowing into the expansion line R3 flows through the second Pressure low-temperature liquid refrigerant in the process of passing through the expansion means 120, and then supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 serving as an evaporator.

The refrigerant supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is evaporated while exchanging heat with the outdoor air and then passed through the first bypass line R1 by the first direction switching valve 191. At this time, The refrigerant passing through the pass line R1 is heat-exchanged with the cooling water passing through the cooling water heat exchanging part 181b in the process of passing through the refrigerant heat exchanging part 181a of the water-cooling type heat exchanger 181, And then recycles the cycle as described above while flowing into the compressor 100.

All. Defrosting mode (defrost control) during heat pump mode (Fig. 4)

The defrosting mode of the heat pump mode operates during the operation of the first heating mode when the conception of the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is recognized from the conception means and the waste heat of the vehicle electrical component 200 and the heat of the evaporator 160 A mode in which a dehumidifying heat source is used as a heat source and a refrigerant heating mode for raising the temperature of a refrigerant circulating in the system is additionally performed. As shown in FIG. 4, The pass line R1 is opened and the second bypass line R2 is closed via the second direction switching valve 192. [

The branch line R4 is opened through the opening and closing valve 195 and the expansion line R3 is opened through the third direction switching valve 193 so that the air is introduced into the air conditioning case 150 To enter the stall flow-in mode.

In order to control the temperature rise of the refrigerant in the system, the number of revolutions of the compressor 100 may be controlled to be decreased or the air flow rate of the blower 152 may be increased or the electronic expansion valve 121 (second expansion means) ) Is increased and controlled.

On the other hand, the cooling water heated by the vehicle electrical component 200 is supplied to the cooling water heat exchanger 181b of the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 serving as the heat supply means 180.

In the defrosting mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage through which the indoor heat exchanger 110 is bypassed, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower The refrigerant passes through the evaporator 160 and then passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 to be converted into hot air to be supplied to the interior of the vehicle, thereby heating the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed inside the air conditioning case 150.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 is condensed while exchanging heat with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower. At this time, air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 After changing to hot air, it is supplied to the interior of the vehicle, and the interior of the vehicle is heated.

Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 110 flows into the expansion line R3 through the third direction switching valve 193, and the refrigerant flowing into the expansion line R3 flows through the second Pressure low-temperature liquid refrigerant in the process of passing through the expansion means 120, and then supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 serving as an evaporator.

The refrigerant supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is evaporated while exchanging heat with the outdoor air and then passed through the first bypass line R1 by the first direction switching valve 191. At this time, A part of the refrigerant passing through the pass line R1 is heat-exchanged with the cooling water passing through the cooling water heat exchanging part 181b in the course of passing through the refrigerant heat exchanging part 181a of the water-cooling type heat exchanger 181, And part of the air is supplied to the evaporator 160 through the branch line R4 to be evaporated (dehumidified) in the process of heat exchange with the air flowing in the air conditioning case 150.

In this process, the temperature of the refrigerant rises due to the outdoor air, the total waste heat, and the heat source absorbed by the evaporator 160.

Then, the refrigerant whose temperature has risen while passing through the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 and the evaporator 160 is combined and then flows into the compressor 100 to recycle the cycle as described above. In addition, The temperature of the refrigerant flowing back into the outdoor heat exchanger 130 rises due to the refrigerant warming mode in which the temperature of the refrigerant is increased.

la. 5) of the first heating mode of the heat pump mode,

The dehumidifying mode of the first heating mode of the heat pump mode is operated when the indoor dehumidification is required during operation in the first heating mode of FIG.

The dehumidification mode is substantially the same as the defrost mode of FIG. 4, but operates in the case of the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 130 in the defrost mode. In the case of the dehumidification mode, The operating conditions are different from each other.

Meanwhile, the refrigerant circulation path in the dehumidification mode is the same as the defrost mode, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

hemp. In the second heating mode of the heat pump mode (Fig. 6)

The second heating mode of the heat pump mode is a mode that operates under the condition that the outdoor temperature is below zero and uses the indoor air (inflow inflow mode) and the waste heat of the vehicle electrical equipment 200 as a heat source. The first bypass line R1 is opened through the direction switching valve 191 and the second bypass line R2 is opened through the second direction switching valve 192. [

The branch line R4 is closed through the opening and closing valve 195 and the expansion line R3 is opened through the third direction switching valve 193 so that the air is introduced into the air conditioning case 150 To enter the stall flow-in mode.

On the other hand, the cooling water heated by the vehicle electrical component 200 is supplied to the cooling water heat exchanger 181b of the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 serving as the heat supply means 180.

In the second heating mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that air is blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower Air passes through the evaporator 160 (operation stop), passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110, and is converted into hot air to be supplied to the interior of the vehicle, thereby heating the interior of the vehicle.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 after being compressed is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed inside the air conditioning case 150.

The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 110 is condensed while exchanging heat with the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through the blower. At this time, air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 After changing to hot air, it is supplied to the interior of the vehicle, and the interior of the vehicle is heated.

Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 110 flows into the expansion line R3 through the third direction switching valve 193, and the refrigerant flowing into the expansion line R3 flows into the second The refrigerant flows to the second bypass line (R2) and bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger (130). The liquid refrigerant flows through the second bypass line (R2).

Then, the refrigerant having passed through the second bypass line R2 passes through the first bypass line R1 by the first direction switching valve 191. At this time, the first bypass line R1 Is heat-exchanged with the cooling water passing through the cooling water heat exchanging part 181b in the process of passing through the refrigerant heat exchanging part 181a of the water-cooling type heat exchanger 181 to recover the waste heat of the vehicle electrical equipment 200 , And recycles the cycle as described above while flowing into the compressor (100).

bar. 7) of the second heating mode of the heat pump mode,

The dehumidifying mode of the second heating mode of the heat pump mode is operated when the room dehumidification is required during operation in the second heating mode of Fig.

Therefore, only the portions different from the second heating mode of FIG. 6 will be described.

In the dehumidifying mode, the branch line R4 is further opened through the opening / closing valve 195 in the second heating mode.

In the dehumidifying mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 is operated to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower After passing through the evaporator 160, the refrigerant passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and is converted into hot air to be supplied to the interior of the vehicle, thereby heating the interior of the vehicle.

At this time, since the amount of the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 160 is small, the air cooling performance is low, so that the change in the room temperature is minimized, and the air passing through the evaporator 160 is dehumidified smoothly.

Next, the refrigerant circulation process will be described.

The refrigerant having passed through the compressor 100, the indoor heat exchanger 110, the second expansion means 120 and the second bypass line R2 is supplied to the first bypass line 191 by the first direction switching valve 191, A part of the refrigerant passing through the first bypass line R1 passes through the refrigerant heat exchanging part 181a of the water-cooling type heat exchanger 181, and the cooling water heat exchanging part 181b And a part of the air is supplied to the evaporator 160 through the branch line R4 and flows through the air flowing inside the air conditioning case 150 It evaporates during heat exchange.

In this process, the air passing through the evaporator 160 is dehumidified, and the dehumidified air passing through the evaporator 160 is converted into hot air while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110, Dehumidification is heated.

Then, the refrigerant having passed through the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 and the evaporator 160 is combined and then flows into the compressor 100, and recycles the cycle as described above.

100: compressor 110: indoor heat exchanger
115: Electric heater
120: second expansion means 121: electronic expansion valve
130: outdoor heat exchanger 140: first expansion means
150: air conditioning case 151: temperature control door
152: Blower
160: Evaporator 170: Accumulator
180: Heat supply unit 181: Water-cooled heat exchanger
181a: refrigerant heat exchanger 181b: cooling water heat exchanger
191: first direction switching valve 192: second direction switching valve
193: third direction switching valve 195: opening / closing valve
200: Electrical equipment
R: refrigerant circulation line R1: first bypass line
R2: second bypass line R3: inflation line
R4: Branch line

Claims (9)

The compressor 100 is installed in the refrigerant circulation line R and compresses and discharges the refrigerant. The compressor 100 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150 and discharges air in the air conditioning case 150 and the air discharged from the compressor 100 An evaporator 160 installed inside the air conditioner case 150 for exchanging heat between the air in the air conditioner case 150 and the refrigerant supplied to the compressor 100, An outdoor heat exchanger 130 installed outside the air conditioning case 150 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line R and the outdoor air, and an outdoor heat exchanger 130 disposed on the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160 And a second expansion means provided on the refrigerant circulation line (R) between the indoor heat exchanger (110) and the outdoor heat exchanger (130) for expanding the refrigerant, (120), the heat pump system comprising:
A refrigerant circulation line R connected to an inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the first expansion means 140 and an outlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160, A first bypass line R1 for selectively bypassing the first expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160,
A heat supply unit 180 installed on the first bypass line R1 for supplying heat to the refrigerant flowing along the first bypass line R1,
A branch line R4 connected to the inlet side first bypass line R1 of the heat supply unit 180 and the inlet side refrigerant circulation line R of the evaporator 160,
A first direction switching valve 191 for switching the refrigerant flow direction to the first bypass line R1, an opening / closing valve 195 for opening / closing the refrigerant flow of the branch line R4, And a blower 152 for blowing air inside and outside the air conditioner case 150 to control the system,
The control unit controls the refrigerant circulating line R so that the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulating line R is circulated through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 and the heat supply unit 180 of the first bypass line R1, The branch line R4 is opened through the opening and closing valve 195 and flows toward the heat supply means 180 along the first bypass line R1 when the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is concealed from the conception recognition means And performs a defrost control for supplying a part of the refrigerant to the evaporator (160) side and performing a refrigerant warming mode for raising the temperature of the refrigerant circulating through the system. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the control unit controls the rotation speed of the compressor (100) to be decreased in the heating mode of the refrigerant. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the control unit controls the blower (152) to increase the blowing air flow rate in the refrigerant warming mode. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the controller controls the amount of opening of the second expansion means (120) to be increased in the coolant warm mode. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the second expansion means (120) comprises an electronic expansion valve (121) capable of variably controlling the flow rate of refrigerant through the control unit. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the conception recognizing means comprises a conception sensor provided on the outdoor heat exchanger (130) so as to detect the conception of the outdoor heat exchanger (130). The method according to claim 1,
An electric heater 115 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150,
Wherein the controller senses the temperature of the air discharged from the air conditioning case (150) to the vehicle room through the temperature sensor during the defrost control operation and operates the electric heater (115) when the temperature is below the target temperature Pump system. The method according to claim 1,
The heat supply unit 180 is connected to the first bypass line Rl so that waste heat of the vehicle electrical product 200 can be supplied to the refrigerant flowing through the first bypass line R1, And a cooling water heat exchanger 181b which is provided at one side of the refrigerant heat exchanger 181a and is capable of heat exchange and in which the cooling water circulating in the vehicle electrical appliance 200 flows, And the heat pump system. The method according to claim 1,
A second bypass line R2 is installed in parallel with the refrigerant circulation line R so that the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulation line R bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger 130,
The refrigerant flows in the flow direction of the refrigerant so that the refrigerant flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 or the second bypass line R 2 in accordance with the outdoor temperature at the branch point of the second bypass line R 2 and the refrigerant circulation line R And a second direction switching valve (192) for switching the first direction switching valve (192).

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