KR101389844B1 - Degradation diagnosis and protection relay system with multi-sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a protection relay system using a complex sensor to execute the protection relay of a rapid and accurate power facility by prescribing the initial phenomenon of insulation deterioration and destruction in the power facility as arc and spark, by sensing the generation of the arc and the spark through an illumination sensor and a sound sensor, by executing an accumulated calculation or a moment comparing process, by accurately obtaining the deterioration start point of each components in the power facility. An insulation deterioration diagnosis and protection relay control method for the power facility of the present invention comprises the steps of inspecting and detecting the illumination of sound and flash according to the generation of the arc by monitoring the generation of the arc in the corresponding part through the sound sensor and the illumination sensor installed in a connecting unit and monitoring target electric equipment; of determining the semanticity of detection data by comparing the illumination, the frequency, and the sound size with a reference value within a DB by extracting the illumination, the frequency, and the sound size from the detected sound and the detected flash; and of generating an inspection trip signal when the inspection sound value and the inspection illumination value detected in the semanticity determination of the inspection and detection data is the data value including the semanticity, and the inspection detection value is over respective setup reference values and of generating fire warning and the restriction of load power supply by operating a block relay and an alarm unit by generating a spot trip signal when the inspection detection value is under the respective setup reference values.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a protection relay system using a multi-sensor,

The present invention relates to a deterioration diagnosis and protection relay system for preventing a power supply interruption and a fire accident due to deterioration of an electric power facility and an abnormal state, and more particularly to a deterioration diagnosis and protection relay system for preventing electric power supply interruption, When individual insulation deterioration occurs in a current transformer and a bus bar connecting them, the surface temperature of the deterioration point rises or an arc and a spark are generated. By monitoring the progress of the deterioration, the progress of the insulation deterioration of the equipment and the bus bar inside the power facility is monitored by the temperature sensor, the acoustic sensor and the light intensity sensor, and the alarm and the power supply are cut off. And more particularly to a protection relay system using a hybrid sensor.

Power distribution and monitoring equipment including power transformers and gas insulated switchgears that convert high-voltage power to low pressure in a wide range of power consumers, such as residential areas, buildings, substations, subways, and heavy industrial plants, And electric power supply system control and fire protection device for monitoring the deterioration phenomenon of the electric power system due to failure diagnosis and aging of the electric system.

According to the statistics released by the Electricity Safety Corporation in 2011, the total amount of electric fire damage in Korea is about 54 billion won. In this case, it is reported that the deterioration / overcurrent / contact failure accidents among the electric fire ignition factors are the greatest. This is because the insulation of the electric equipment is affected by the generation of heat, contact with light, oxygen, moisture and abnormal voltage such as external short circuit or lightning It is judged to be caused by insulation deterioration or insulation breakdown (see Fig. 1).

The electric power supply equipment composed of the electric devices such as transformer, transformer, breaker, switchgear and busbar connecting them to transform the high voltage to low voltage prevents sudden power supply interruption and fire accident A separate protective relay device is provided.

Protection relay device for electric power supply facilities detects whether the electric equipment is deteriorated from the temperature change of the electric equipment to be monitored. If the condition is abnormal, relay operation stops the power supply and issues an alarm to prevent the spread of fire accident do.

For example, in the patent application No. 882786, " Deterioration Protection Relay System for Power Equipment " constantly monitors the thermal state of the electric power equipment, and if it suddenly surpasses the prescribed range, And to prevent the spread of accidents by conducting appropriate measures such as trips to prevent the spread of electric power facility accidents through the judgment of deterioration of electric power facilities.

Since the deterioration protection relay system for power equipment of the above-mentioned patent No. 882786 controls the power system by judging whether or not the deterioration of the electric equipment's insulation deterioration has proceeded or destroyed based on only the detected temperature change result value, It can be said that it is only a post-processing device which can interrupt the alarm and power supply after the deterioration of the internal electric devices and the connecting portions of the electric power facilities actually progresses considerably due to the failure to monitor the arcing and spark,

Conventional prior art detects an occurrence of deterioration or abnormality of a power facility after a temperature rise in a specific constituent electric device in the electric power facility and issues an alarm or cuts off the electric power supply so that the deterioration damage of the constituent electric device inevitably occurs And the maintenance and management cost of the electric power facility is increased.

Another prior art relating to the protection relays of electric power facilities is disclosed in Korean Patent No. 1218153 entitled " Device for diagnosing insulation deterioration of electric power facilities ".

The patent No. 1218153 discloses that ultrasonic waves generated from power equipment such as insulators and bearings are converted into sound waves of an audible frequency band so that the ultrasonic waves can be heard by the user and the degree of insulation deterioration of the power equipment is diagnosed based on the sound waves, It is judged whether or not the insulation function is performed normally so that the fault is diagnosed.

In view of the fact that ultrasonic waves are applied to the means for determining the deterioration of an insulator such as an insulator and a bearing, the above technology is a mechanical structure in view of the fact that the origin of the ultrasonic wave is caused by mechanical friction and the like. It is impossible to recognize the phenomenon that the constituent electric devices and their connecting parts are continuously subjected to stress due to the operation due to the load fluctuation or the like and can not recognize the deterioration of insulation and the temperature rise of the constituent electric devices due to moisture in the air It has the disadvantage that it can not do.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for determining the initial deterioration and breakdown of an electric power facility by arc and spark, detecting the occurrence of an arc and a spark by an acoustic sensor and an illuminance sensor, And an initial point of deterioration of the connection part, thereby realizing accurate and rapid protection relays of electric power facilities.

In order to accomplish the object of the present invention, a protection relay system using a hybrid sensor is provided with an acoustic sensor, an illuminance sensor, and a temperature sensor for detecting sound, flash, And the intensity and intensity of the flash detected by the acoustic sensor and the illuminance sensor are respectively extracted and compared with the reference value data table to determine whether the detected data is meaningful or not. A control unit for generating a fire warning signal and a trip signal when the temperature sensor detects a change in the temperature sensor temperature value in a rising direction, a relay unit for interrupting power supply according to a trip signal of the control unit, A key input unit for setting and changing a reference value; And a memory connected to the control unit for storing a DB for providing a reference value for the magnitude and frequency of the arc sound and a reference value for the intensity of the flash light, and a memory for storing the history information of the sound, the flash, and the temperature. do.

In order to accomplish the object of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling a protection relay system using a complex sensor, comprising: monitoring an arc occurrence at a corresponding part through an acoustic sensor and an illuminance sensor installed at a monitoring target electric device and a connection part, Determining whether the detected data is meaningful or not by comparing the acoustic magnitude, the frequency, and the roughness of each of the detected sound and the flash with the reference value in the DB; If the detected instantaneous sound value and instantaneous illuminance value are meaningful data values, if the detected value exceeds the respective set reference value, an arc alarm is generated, and the temperature change trend is analyzed, and an instantaneous trip signal By generating a short trip signal to drive the shutdown relay and the alarm unit, A characterized in that it comprises the step which emits a limited and the fire signal.

The present invention defines arc and spark as an initial phenomenon of insulation deterioration and destruction of a power facility, detects arc and spark generation by an ambient light sensor and an acoustic sensor, performs cumulative calculation processing or instantaneous comparison processing, By precisely knowing the initial point of time, it is possible to carry out the protection relay of the electric power facility accurately and quickly.

Particularly, the present invention predicts a temperature rise of each part of a power facility through acoustic and illuminance measurement methods, and periodically monitors the progress of insulation deterioration by each constituent part of the facility by storing the time point of the temperature change and the state information by time zone It is possible to analyze and define the deterioration progress of each major equipment, thereby scientifically predicting the repair and replacement timing of the electric power facilities, thereby preventing damage to the electric equipment due to deterioration.

FIG. 1 is a statistical graph of electric fire ignition factors in 2011 according to the announcement of electric safety construction.
2 is a circuit block diagram of the system of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram of a display unit and a key input unit of the system control panel of the present invention.
4A is a perspective view of the sensor bracket for mounting various sensors in the system of the present invention, FIG. 4B is a front view of the sensor bracket, and FIG. 4C is a side view of the sensor bracket.
5 is a graph illustrating exemplary instantaneous and instantaneous operating characteristics of a blocking relay in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the progress of deterioration of a power equipment component according to the present invention and a control method of a protection relay system for preventing a fire accident.

Failure of power equipment and occurrence of fire are caused by deterioration and destruction of insulation, and there is a common feature that the temperature of the equipment and wiring inside the equipment rises or arc occurs.

Accordingly, in the present invention, a smart deterioration protection relay system that continuously monitors temperature, sound, and illuminance by flashes at major ignition sites of an electric facility and analyzes the trend of sensed data to diagnose a failure or a fire To prevent the fire caused by the deterioration of the electrical equipment and to cut off the electricity in the fault zone in case of fire, thereby reducing the personal / social loss caused by electric fire.

The power distribution system that supplies power to the load side by changing the high voltage to low voltage can be applied to various applications such as instrument transformer, epoxy mold type current transformer, bushing element, load breaker switch, vacuum circuit breaker It consists of internal electric devices. The electrical connection and connection of these devices uses busbar, bolts and nuts.

In the water distribution equipment, the internal temperature repeats rising and falling depending on the load variation. This occurs at the internal electrical apparatuses and their junctions that constitute the water distribution facility, and as it is exposed to the moisture and light contained in the air, aging occurs over time. The deterioration of components can weaken the insulation and can lead to electric fire accidents due to equipment failure, short circuit or poor contact.

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has announced that about 80% of electrical fires are caused by arcs. The vibration caused by the deterioration of the insulation (deterioration of the insulation of the coating insulation) caused by the deterioration of the conductor or the equipment used in the construction of the underground infrastructure or the construction of the gap of the track is caused by the screw loosening of the internal connection part of the power distribution equipment It can be judged that the connection failure is caused and it is the cause of electric fire accident.

The electrical equipment technical standards for preventing short-circuiting accidents and short-circuiting accidents are established by using circuit breakers for circuit breakers and earth leakage breakers. Recently, installation of over-current leakage breakers is becoming common. The devices applied to such a power system have the advantage of detecting and preventing leakage currents and overcurrents, but no measures against arcing or sparking, which is a risk factor of direct electric fire due to insulation deterioration, are not provided.

The insulation deterioration state of the device is judged by the discharge size of the arc and the spark. However, in the present invention, the change of the acoustic frequency and the size of the arc and spark, the change of the roughness by the flash, And to diagnose insulation deterioration. Further, the present invention provides a concrete method for collectively diagnosing and preventing destruction of devices and electric fires caused by insulation deterioration by integrally monitoring and monitoring changes in the frequency of the sound waves generated by the arc, I would like to suggest means.

FIG. 2 shows a circuit block diagram of the system of the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows an integrated display unit and a key input unit of the system control panel of the present invention.

As will be referred to here, the system according to the present invention includes respective temperature sensors 20 for detecting sound, flash (illuminance) and temperature due to arcing in the monitored electric apparatus and connection parts in the electric power facility, acoustic sensors 30 And the intensity and intensity of the flash detected by the ambient light sensor 40 and the acoustic sensor 30 and the ambient light sensor 40 are detected and stored in the reference value data of the DB 12 An arc alarm is generated when the instantaneous detection peak values of sound and flash light exceed the set reference value, and when the peak value is below the set reference value, the detected temperature change by the temperature sensor 20 is analyzed, A control unit 10 for generating an instantaneous trip signal when the voltage rises abruptly above a set reference value and generating a instantaneous trip signal when the instantaneous value exceeds a set reference value, A key input unit 18 connected to the control unit for setting and changing a user value and a reference value and a display unit 18 connected to the control unit and displaying status information of the current power equipment A display unit 17 and a memory 11 connected to the control unit for storing information on the sound level of the arc sound, frequency and illuminance, .

As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, the temperature sensor 20, the acoustic sensor 30, and the illuminance sensor 40 are used to accurately detect the temperature and the sound and illumination of the monitored electric device, Is mounted on a sensor bracket (50) provided with a position adjusting groove (51) capable of adjusting the sensing direction and a sensor holder (52) for fixing the sensor body.

Each of the sensor brackets 50 to which the temperature sensor 20, the acoustic sensor 30 and the illuminance sensor 40 are attached is installed in the housing of the electric power facility so as to precisely adjust the sensing direction of the monitoring target device . In addition, the temperature sensor 20, the acoustic sensor 30, and the illuminance sensor 40 are installed in a number of places in various places of the power plant.

 The temperature value, sound information and illuminance information sensed by the temperature sensor 20, the acoustic sensor 30 and the illuminance sensor 40 are periodically transmitted to the control unit 10 in accordance with a predetermined event signal, 21, the acoustic input conversion unit 31 and the illumination input conversion unit 41, and converted into low pass filters (LPF) 22, 32, and 42 and S / H 23, 33, and 43 and A / D (analog-digital converters) 24, 34, and 44 to the control unit 10 in order.

The communication module 16 connected to the controller 10 supports data communication with a central computer or a PC at a remote location. The trip magnet 13 is operated by an instantaneous trip signal or a short trip signal, And the control power supply unit is configured to generate and output the Vcc voltage for the control unit and the B + voltage for driving the relay.

Meanwhile, the control unit of the present invention senses the frequency and the size of the sound by the illuminance sensor, the frequency and the size of the sound by the sound sensor, and the temperature value of each part at all times and displays them on the display unit of the system. Or if it exceeds the set reference value of the illumination and sound stored in the DB, it generates an arc alarm and analyzes the temperature change trend. When the temperature surpasses the set reference value, the instant trip contact point is outputted and according to the previously inputted characteristic curve, And if it is exceeded, the one-time trip contact is outputted.

The ambient light is measured and the sound frequency is measured so that the arc alarm is displayed on the display section when the change transit is out of the rated range.

In the embodiment of the system of the present invention, the detected values from up to eight high-voltage non-contact temperature / acoustics / roughness sensors are input to the main facilities and connection sites to be monitored and protected, It is possible to constitute a method of outputting an operation contact or outputting an operation contact for a predetermined time after a predetermined time according to a previously inputted characteristic curve.

The temperature input conversion unit 21 sends the current value to the temperature input conversion unit when the current value of the surface and the connection unit of the main electrical equipment is detected.

The sensor for monitoring the acoustic frequency of the arc detects the current value of the ultrasonic wave generated at the main point and transmits it as a current, and converts the acoustic input conversion unit into a voltage.

The illuminance input conversion unit 40 detects the flash current value of the arc and the spark generated at the main point by the sensor for monitoring the arc of the arc and spark, and inputs the current value, and the illumination input conversion unit converts the current value into a voltage component

The control unit 10 is a central processing unit of the present invention, which calculates the temperature, arc sound, and illuminance values input to the sensor, monitors and displays deterioration states of the main equipment and the connection unit, Diagnose the condition. Then, the arc frequency and intensity are calculated and compared with the set value programmed in the trend. If the input value is higher than the set value, the arc is displayed on the display and an alarm is made.

The display unit 17 displays important information such as the operation status of the apparatus, the surface temperature of the main elements, and the contents of the test and setting to inform the operator and the manager.

The non-contact type temperature sensor is a sensor that detects the surface temperature of the main device and the connection portion, and is properly installed inside the switchboard, and a sensor having excellent insulation performance at high pressure use.

The acoustic sensor and the ambient light sensor are sensors for detecting the frequency of sound and the wavelength of light of arc and spark, and are properly installed at the same position as the temperature sensor and used to detect minute changes in sound and light.

The temperature / acoustics / ambient light sensor detects a current state value of a main device and a connection unit, converts the current state value into a current, and transmits the current. The input conversion unit converts the received current value into a voltage.

The temperature / sound / illuminance value input from the sensor is monitored and displayed according to the operation flow diagram programmed in the central processing unit to monitor and display the deteriorated state and the arc, and the received command is received in mode and menu input according to the operation of the operator .

In addition, the module transmits information according to a predetermined communication format in order to communicate with a remote computer. One computer and a plurality of protection relay systems communicate with each other to transmit information about the current operation state including the measured temperature, input channel, arc occurrence time, and time to the computer in the communication format while communicating with each other.

The control unit 10 computes the input values as program contents. Then, information on the current insulation deterioration operation status information and the surface temperature of each main portion is displayed on the display unit 17.

In particular, when the temperature input value is suddenly changed to more than the set value, the control unit 10 outputs the signal through the contact and displays the trip signal. And when the temperature change value is operated above the selected characteristic curve boundary value, the contact point is output for a limited time to output the alarm and contact point.

The operation of the system of the present invention will now be described.

First, the temperature, the illuminance, and the acoustic sensors 20, 30, 40 of the present invention can be installed in the sensor bracket 50 in such a manner that the sensing devices can be arranged with their sensing angles precisely aligned .

Here, the sensor bracket 50 is fixedly attached to an enclosure near a specific location of a power facility (for example, a switchboard), moves the sensor holder 52 along a circular arc-shaped positioning groove 51 provided on the sensor bracket It is possible to cause the sensor to accurately aim at a specific position of the device.

The temperature value, sound information and illuminance information sensed by the plurality of temperature sensors 20, the acoustic sensor 30 and the illuminance sensor 40 thus installed are converted and processed by the respective input converters 21, S / H, and A / D on the independent signal transmission lines, respectively, and then input to the control unit 10. [

The control unit 10 extracts frequencies and magnitudes of the sounds detected by the acoustic sensor 30 and the illuminance sensor 40 and illuminance caused by the strobe light and compares them with the reference value data of the DB 12. The reference value data of the DB 12 is a reference value of sound and illuminance for determining an arc occurrence and a reference value of temperature for determining whether to generate a time / instantaneous trip signal.

As a result of the data comparison, when the instantaneous peak detection value of sound and flash (illumination) exceeds the set reference value, an arc alarm is generated. If the temperature surges above the set reference value, an instantaneous trip signal is generated. When the temperature rises above the set reference value according to the set characteristic curve, a short trip signal is generated.

However, when there are significant sound and flashing sensing data confirming that the sound is generated and flashing occurs, the controller 10 controls the temperature sensor 20, which is stored in advance in the memory 11, The change of the detected temperature by the temperature sensor is inquired.

At this time, if the transition of the temperature change sharply rises above the set reference value, the control unit generates an instantaneous trip signal and generates a one-time trip signal when the temperature rises above the set reference value according to the input characteristic curve. If the change of the temperature change does not change or goes down, the temperature is monitored again until any trip signal generation condition is reached.

The processing conditions for various sensing (temperature, illuminance, and sound) values in the control unit 10 can be set and changed using the key input unit 18 shown in FIG. 3. The set value or the change value information is displayed on the display unit 17).

When the instantaneous trip signal or the short trip signal is output from the control unit 10, a driving current is supplied to the alarm unit 19 and the shutoff relay 14 to interrupt the fire alarm and the bottom power supply, Information is displayed on the display unit 17.

Since the memory 11 connected to the control unit stores the sound, illumination, and temperature detection history information on the time axis, it is possible to analyze the trend of the sensing data.

FIG. 5 shows an exemplary instantaneous operation and instantaneous operation characteristic graph of the above-described shutdown relay.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the progress of deterioration of a power equipment component according to the present invention and a control method of a protection relay system for preventing a fire accident.

As will be seen here, the insulation deterioration diagnosis and protection relay control for power equipment can be used to monitor deterioration of electric power equipment components and to prevent fire accidents when arcing occurs after the system initialization step and the temperature information sequential storage step through continuous temperature detection The protection relay system for prevention is activated.

First, when an arc is generated, the step of monitoring the arc generation at the corresponding part through the acoustic sensor and the illumination sensor installed in the electrical equipment to be monitored and the connection part in the electric power facility to instantaneously detect the sound and illumination according to the arc generation .

Thereafter, a step of determining whether or not the detected data is significant and whether or not the set value is exceeded is performed by extracting the sound size, frequency, and illuminance from the instantly detected sound and illuminance, respectively, and comparing the detected sound size, frequency and illuminance with reference values in the DB .

If the input value of the illuminance detected in this process exceeds the set value, an arc alarm is generated. If the input value of the detected illuminance is less than the set value, the sound frequency and sound size detected by the sound sensor are input to the set value If the input sound frequency and the sound size exceed the set value, an arc alarm is issued. Otherwise, the temperature detection and the trans analysis step are performed.

After the temperature trend analysis, when the temperature change is suddenly changed, instantaneous trip is performed and the shutdown relay and the alarm part are driven to generate a limitation of load power supply and fire alarm. On the other hand, if the temperature rises in the pre-set normal range, it generates a short trip signal to drive the shutdown relay and the alarm unit, to limit the power supply to the load and to issue a fire alarm. Also, if there is no trend of temperature change during the execution of this step or if it is a downward change trend, it returns to the first step of performing illumination detection and monitors the occurrence of an arc in the power distribution equipment, Perform protective relay.

10: control unit 11: memory
12: DB 13: Trip magnet
14: Blocking relay 15: Power control unit
17: display section 18: key input section
19: alarm part 20: temperature sensor
21: temperature input conversion unit 22, 32, 42: LPF
23, 33, 43: S / H 24, 34, 44: A / D
30: Acoustic sensor 31: Acoustic input conversion unit
40: illuminance sensor 41: illuminance input conversion section
50: Sensor bracket 51: Positioning groove
52: Sensor holder

Claims (4)

A temperature sensor 20, an acoustic sensor 30 and an ambient light sensor 40 for detecting the sound, the illuminance and the temperature according to the occurrence of an arc in the electric equipment to be monitored and the connection portion in the electric power facility, (Intensity) of the flash detected by the brightness sensor 40 and the intensity and intensity of the flash detected by the brightness sensor 40 are compared and compared with the reference value data of the DB 12, respectively, so that the instantaneous peak values of the sound and the flash are respectively An arc alarm is generated. When the peak value is less than the set reference value, an analysis of the detected temperature change by the temperature sensor 20 is analyzed. When the detected temperature change suddenly rises above the set reference value, an instantaneous trip signal is generated And an alarm unit (19) and a shutoff relay (14) operated by an instantaneous trip signal or a shut off signal of the control unit, and a control unit A display unit 17 connected to the control unit for displaying status information of the current electric power facility, and a display unit 17 connected to the control unit, And a memory (11) for storing history information of the sound, illuminance and temperature, and a memory (11) for storing the history information of the sound, illuminance and temperature. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor (20), the acoustic sensor (30), and the illuminance sensor (40) respectively adjust the sensing direction so as to accurately detect the temperature and the sound and illumination of the monitored electric device Is mounted on a sensor bracket (50) for mounting in a power facility housing provided with a possible position adjusting groove (51) and a sensor holder (52) for fixing the sensor body. The method comprising the steps of: monitoring an arc occurrence at a corresponding site through an acoustic sensor and an illuminance sensor installed at a monitoring target electric device and a connecting portion in a power facility to instantaneously detect sound and illuminance according to an arc occurrence; Determining whether the detected data is meaningful or not by comparing the frequency and the illuminance with a reference value in the DB, and determining whether the instantaneous sound value and the instantaneous illuminance value detected in the step of determining the significance of the detected data are data values having significance, When the detected value exceeds each set reference value, an arc alarm is generated and the temperature change trend is analyzed to generate an instantaneous trip signal or a one-time trip signal according to the sudden temperature change to drive the cutoff relay and the alarm unit. And a step of generating a fire alarm. A method of controlling a protective relay system. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the time-triggered signal is selectively generated only when the instantaneous detection value having the meaning of sound and illuminance according to the arc generation is less than the respective set reference value and the detected temperature change trend by the temperature sensor (20) Wherein the control system is configured to control the operation of the protection relay system.

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