KR101388529B1 - Interactive proximity coupling device and subscriber identification module thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An interactive proximity terminal subscriber identification module is disclosed.
The interactive proximity terminal subscriber identification module is provided on a plastic card, and includes an inner loop antenna for detecting a carrier transmitted from an ISO14443 Proximity Coupling Device (PCD); An ISO14443 Proximity Integrated Circuits Card (PICC) connected to the inner loop antenna and operating by electromotive force excited by a carrier detected by the inner loop antenna; A carrier detector for comparing the electromotive force (Vt) excited by the PICC with a predetermined voltage; In response to determining that the electromotive force Vt excited by the carrier detector is greater than the reference voltage, in response thereto, an operating power source Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8 is applied to the PICC. Active trigger switch; And an oscillator generating an ISO14443 carrier; .

Description

Interactive proximity coupling device and subscriber identification module

The present invention relates to a proximity communication terminal (PCD), in particular (ISO14443 PCD (Proximity Coupling Device: PCD) is used as a non-contact (proximity) card, such as traffic cards, ePassports, etc.) Improvement of the function of PICC (Proximity Integrated Circuits Card: PICC) is to improve communication between PCD and PCD.

For example, a Proximity Coupling based on Active Proximity Integrated Circuits Card (PICC), which incorporates a loop antenna into a subscriber identity module (SIM) and operates from a power source supplied to the ISO's ISO7816 C1 contact. By adding a device, mobile communication terminals can make close communication with each other.

Such a terminal is referred to as iPCD (Interactive Proximity Coupling Device or iPCD), and iPCD can communicate with the existing PICC and communicate with PCD as well as with NFC.

Various contactless communication methods such as VICC, RFID, etc., which contactlessly communicate within the operating volume (Operation Volume defined by ISO14443) within 13.56MHz radio frequency, are commercially available in various sectors.

In 1996, the first bus in Seoul, Korea, became the first public transport card technology to pay / pay for transportation charges in a proximity / contactless manner. A PCD was installed on 8725 buses and a PICC card was issued.

Since then, it has become common in bus and subway fare payments and payments, as well as taxi fare and convenience store micropayments, and since the completion of the RF-EMV standard that applies PICC to credit cards, Visa Card's "Visawave" and MasterCard "Paypass" has been applied to most EMV credit cards. Also, since the spread of contactless RF credit cards around the world, contactless micropayments and payment / payment of transportation fares have become commonplace in major overseas cities. Part 3 of IISO7816 specifies the transmission structure for each modulation in ISO14443 Type A and B, PCD-> PICC, PICC-> PCD.

Figure 1 shows the ISO14443 PCD / PICC RF communication operation volume and PCD-> PICC, PICC-> PCD transmission structure.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the PICC enters the 10Cm communication interval (operating volume) of the PCD, the electromotive force is generated by the antenna coil inside the PICC by the 13.56 MHz carrier transmitted by the PCD, and a power voltage is generated through the constant voltage circuit. It operates by passive (passive) method of supplying stable power and communicating with PCD by supplying power to semiconductor chip inside PICC with power supply voltage (Vcc) generated inside the card.

Since ISO18000 series RFID tags that use other frequencies also communicate in a passive manner, if the communication range is far, power generation is unstable or the recognition rate is lowered due to interference.

Referring to FIG. 1, proximity communication between a PICC and a PCD is performed as follows.

PCD polls (1Ab) at 13.56 MHz carrier frequency.

As shown in the upper left of Fig. 1, when the PICC enters within the 10Cm operation volume of the PCD (1A), the electromotive force is applied to the antenna coil inside the PICC by the 13.56 MHz carrier frequency (1Aa) transmitted by the PCD. Internal power supply voltage, and stable power supply through constant voltage circuit. The power voltage generated as described above supplies power to the semiconductor chip inside the PICC. As such, the PICC communicating with the PCD operates in a passive (passive) manner without an internal power supply (battery).

Since ISO18000 series RFID tags that use different frequencies also communicate in a passive manner, when the communication range is far, power generation is unstable or the recognition rate is lowered due to interference.

When the PCD transmits Modified Miller code data 1Ba (1B) as shown in the upper middle of FIG. 1, in response to this, the PICC converts Load modulation data (1Ca) to the PCD as shown in the upper right side of FIG. Send a response (1C). The polling method uses ISO14443 Type A 100% ASK transmission.

ISO14443 Type A is 100% ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) modulation, and Type B is 10% ASK modulation. Two standards, ISO14443 Type A and B, are established as international standards, and another 10% modulation method (Felica card from SONY of Japan) was proposed to ISO in 1998 as Type C and was not adopted. As a result, the use of the Japan JR Transit Card was restricted to domestic use only, and there were many limitations such as being unable to participate in the overseas bidding market.In order to overcome this restriction, NFC developed in common with Japan's SONY and NXP (formerly Philips) in Japan is active. In this way, the power supply voltage is supplied from the mobile communication terminal to drive the wireless module.

Meanwhile, a subscriber identification module (SIM) such as a mobile phone / smartphone / portable wireless information device (SIM) is a phone number or ESN (Electroic) in an elementary file (EF) or dedicated file (DF) of an ISO7816 ID000 smart card. Serial number (MEID) or Mobile Equipment Identifier (MEN) is a shortened and expanded number of ESNs. It is used as a mobile phone company's personal identification number and security algorithm.

In early days, the SIM role of the European mobile communication GSM began to be used at the level described above, but recently, as the memory capacity of the SIM has increased to megabyte level, the phone book, SMS recording, and NFC (Near Field Communication) functions A variety of technologies are being incorporated, including additional.

There is a commercialization example that implements a traffic card function by embedding an RF coil in such a SIM and communicating with a passive method. There is a problem that causes malfunction or communication failure due to the small range of the operation volume defined in ISO14443.

Meanwhile, NFC (Near Field Communication), which actively communicates with a mobile communication terminal or a portable information device within a range of 10 cm with a frequency of 13.56 MHz, has become the ISO18092 international standard.Based on this, information transmission between each mobile communication terminal and RF card is performed. And various application technologies such as contactless communication of mobile communication terminal and communication between mobile communication terminal and PCD have been commercialized.

NFC communicates with Full Duplex Communication, or ISO7816 Single Wire Protocol (SWP), which transmits voltage and receives current through the C6 contact terminal of ISO7816 ID000 SIM. The RF module and the loop antenna are installed to communicate with each other.

2 shows the structure of a conventional NFC SIM.

Referring to FIG. 2, the NFC module is connected to the sixth contact terminal C6 of the SIM inside the mobile phone to communicate with a single wire protocole (SWP), that is, a command with a voltage and a response with a current. NFC interlocking technology has been commercialized by adding smart card security to SD flash memory cards instead of SIM.

However, because ISO18092 NFC requires many components such as NFC chip including RF circuit and loop antenna to be installed separately in mobile communication terminal to communicate with each other, it can be very complicated and cryptographic attack such as tapping inside the terminal can be possible. There are many problems, including security weaknesses and the possibility of PICC cryptographic attacks.

In Korea, the international standard ISO7816 4th and 8th contact terminals (C4, C8) are connected to USB D +. Ignoring the international standard to be used as D-, the RF antenna coil is directly connected to the 4th and 8th contact terminals (C4, C8) of ISO7816 to implement the transportation card function using the SIM of the mobile phone. In some cases, the 4th and 8th contact terminals (C4, C8) and the antenna coil embedded in the mobile phone are connected and used for the same purpose, and the PICC is attached to the battery of the mobile phone and used as a traffic card as a mobile communication terminal. have.

These use cases seem to have no problem in appearance, but can only be used in Korea, there is a problem that can cause a fatal failure or failure in the circuit inside the terminal if the SIM module of such a structure is inserted into a foreign terminal.

3 shows a comparison between an ISO7816 ID-1 card and an ID000 card.

Referring to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the ID-1 card has a size of 85.6mm length 54mm, but the ID0000 card has a size of 25mm length 15mm.

The problem is that a loop antenna is formed by loop antenna coil or PCB pattern on the part of ID000 SIM with 25mm width and 15mm width except for COB (Chip On Board) package for stably fixing semiconductor chip. When used as a transportation card embedded in the USIM socket, the electromotive force generated by the 13.56 MHz carrier transmitted by the PCD and used as the power supply voltage of the SIM semiconductor chip is very shorter than the normal operating volume (OV) range of the PCD. It can only be operated when close to, as seen from the user's position was determined to be slow payment rate was forced to use the inconvenience.

In other words, ID-1 PICC is a normal credit card size of 85.6mm length and 54mm width, and generates power stably in the operating volume range of about 10cm from PCD because the inner loop antenna, that is, the size of the loop antenna provided on the card itself is sufficient. No problem, but ID000 PICC has a width of 25mm and a length of 15mm, and the operation volume is shortened to generate a power supply voltage with a relatively small inner loop antenna.

The present invention is used as a non-contact (proximity) card such as a transportation card, ePassport (ISO14443 PCD (Proximity Coupling Device: PCD) and PICC (Proximity Integrated Circuits Card: PICC) The purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved PCD for communication between the PCD and the PCD.

Another object of the present invention is to embed a loop antenna in a subscriber identification module (SIM) of a mobile communication terminal and use an active Proximity Integrated Circuits Card (PICC) -based PCD (operating with a power supplied to an ISO7816 C1 contact terminal of a SIM). It is to provide a SIM that enables proximity communication between mobile communication terminals by adding a Proximity Coupling Device.

Another object of the present invention is to embed a loop antenna in the ISO7816 ID000 SIM, and to enable active communication between the mobile communication terminals by adding an active PICC-based PCD function that operates with power supplied to the C1 contact terminal of the SIM. Is to provide a SIM.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a SIM that enables proximity communication between mobile communication terminals by adding an active RF module to the ISO7816 ID000 SIM.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a SIM that does not need to separately install a large number of components, such as an NFC chip and a loop antenna, including an RF circuit in a mobile communication terminal in order to communicate with each other as in ISO18092 NFC.

PID according to the present invention for achieving the above object is

In a proximity communication terminal (PCD) comprising a chip on board (COB) having ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8 and a plastic card serving as a base on which the COB is mounted,

An inner loop antenna provided on the plastic card to detect a carrier transmitted from an ISO14443 Proximity Coupling Device (PCD);

An ISO14443 Proximity Integrated Circuits Card (PICC) connected to the inner loop antenna and operating by electromotive force excited by a carrier detected by the inner loop antenna;

A carrier detector for comparing the electromotive force (Vt) excited by the PICC with a predetermined reference voltage;

In response to determining that the electromotive force Vt excited by the carrier detector is greater than the reference voltage, in response thereto, an operating power source Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8 is applied to the PICC. Active trigger switch; And

An oscillator generating an ISO14443 carrier;

/ RTI >

Initially operating as a passive PICC, if it is determined that the excited electromotive force Vt is greater than the reference voltage, it operates as an active PICC by an operating power supply Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8. It is characterized by ..

SIM according to the present invention for achieving the above another object is

In a subscriber identity module (SIM) comprising an ISO7816 contact terminal (C1 to C8) and comprising a chip on board (COB) on which a SIM semiconductor chip is mounted and a plastic card serving as a base on which the COB is mounted,

An inner loop antenna provided on the plastic card and detecting a carrier transmitted from an ISO14443 proximity terminal (PCD);

An ISO14443 Proximity Integrated Circuits Card (PICC) connected to the inner loop antenna and operating by electromotive force excited by a carrier detected by the inner loop antenna;

A carrier detector for comparing the electromotive force (Vt) excited by the PICC with a predetermined reference voltage;

In response to determining that the electromotive force Vt excited by the carrier detector is greater than the reference voltage, in response thereto, an operating power source Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8 is applied to the PICC. Active trigger switch; And

An oscillator generating an ISO14443 carrier;

And a control unit.

Here, the SIM preferably further includes a PCD.

Here, it is preferable to further include an antenna connection terminal formed on the plastic card, which can be connected to the outer loop antenna.

In addition, when the C2 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminal is reset, the C6 contact terminal of the contact terminal is configured to use for SWP (Single Wire Protocole) NFC with an Answer To Reset (ATR) response command or an external loop coil for PCD / PICC. It is desirable to be able to switch to use as an antenna.

In addition, the SIM is characterized by satisfying the ISO ISO7816 ID000 standard.

It is used like a contactless card by inserting an active RF (radio frequency) subscriber identification module of the present invention into a mobile phone for a GSM mobile communication system used in 180 countries and a SIM / USIM slot of CDMA, SCDMA, 2G, 3G, and 4G. When compared to the conventional passive RF (radio frequency) contactless card, it can be stably communicated within a certain communication range without interference or obstacle.

By adding active RF function to mobile phone SIM, various functions such as transportation card, contactless credit card, ID card, electronic key, e-passport, and electronic driver's license can be implemented with mobile phone. If you replace / USIM, you can use it with convenience and security function based on PIN card security unique to smart card.

In particular, instead of being able to use a separate circuit or module in the terminal, such as NFC, it is possible to communicate by securing a stable and integrity communication section operated by the power of the SIM / USIM.

RF loop coil is installed on the ISO7816 ID000 size SIM card, and 8 ISO7816 COB contact terminals are inserted into the SIM socket and used according to international standards.The loop antenna can be directly connected to the inside of the COB by constructing a terminal that can directly connect the loop antenna. By connecting and embedding PICC, which adds PCD and Active RF functions to COB semiconductor chips, new functions can be implemented to realize the background technology of the new environment.

Figure 1 shows the ISO14443 PCD / PICC RF communication operational volume and the PCD-> PICC, PICC-> PCD transmission structure.
2 shows the structure of a conventional NFC SIM.
3 shows a comparison between an ISO7816 ID-1 card and an ID000 card.
4 illustrates a conceptual structure of an SIM (iPCD SIM) to which an iPCD is applied according to the present invention.
5 shows a detailed configuration of the iPCD SIM of the present invention, and shows an example in which the iPCD is integrated with a SIM semiconductor chip.
6 shows another structure of an iPCD SIM according to the present invention, and shows an example in which the iPCD is divided into a SIM semiconductor chip and a separate chip.
FIG. 7 illustrates a transmission structure for each modulation in PCD > iPCD and iPCD > PCD in iPCD according to the present invention.
8 illustrates a communication process between a master iPCD and a slave iPCD in a mobile communication terminal to which an iPCD SIM according to the present invention is applied.
9 shows examples of connecting an outer loop antenna in an iPCD SIM according to the present invention.
10 illustrates a case where iPCD according to the present invention is applied to a mobile communication terminal SIM such as GSM, CDMA 3G, 4G, and the like.
11 shows a comparison of the connection relationship between the iPCD SIM and the conventional NFC SIM according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the configuration and operation of the present invention.

EMV (Europay MasterCard Visa) is a smart card, handset and software jointly announced in 1996 by three world card companies, Europay, MasterCard and Visa, to ensure worldwide stability and compatibility. The international standard for applications.

A SIM / USIM (Universal Subscriber Identify Module) card is a type of smart card, also called a Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC), that includes a microprocessor, memory, card operation system (COS), security algorithms, and EEPROM (Electronically). Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory).

MULTOS, VGP, etc. are used as COS, DES, 3-DES, RSA, SEED, etc. are used as a security algorithm, and are accessed by Applet, such as VSDC and M / Chip. MULTOS is a mastercard-driven COS developed in the UK and VGP is a Visa-driven COS developed in the United States. VSDC is Visa's IC chip credit card program, and M / Chip is Mastercard's IC chip credit card program. The USIM card has a structure of a plastic card + IC chip (COB).

The function of the contact terminals C1 to C8 is defined in the second part of ISO7816 as follows.

1 (C1); Vcc, No. 2 (C2); Reset number 3 (C3); Clock frequency,

4 (C4); USB D + 5 (C5); GND 6 (C6); NFC module connection

7 (C7); Data input / output No. 8 (C8); USB D-

Some parts have been unchanged since 25 years, but according to the development of semiconductor technology, 6 Vpp is used as internal EEPROM program external supply voltage and replaced by smart card internal pumping voltage, then changed to NFC expansion terminal and confirmed as international standard. There is also an example. In case of NFC, data is transmitted / received using one C6 contact terminal and SWP, and RF module and loop antenna are installed outside SIM to communicate in close proximity.

The initial role of the SIM for mobile phones in the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) is ISO7816 IDOOO, which stores the electronic serial number (ESN) and encryption key as defined in GSM11.11. It is intended to be used as a phone number by inserting into a GSM phone as shown in FIG. Since then, the technology has evolved by embedding a prepaid e-wallet in the SIM, omitting the charge of the monthly phone usage by using the phone within the amount paid / paid in advance and recharging it. .

Recently, the 0.1x micron process has been applied to the production of semiconductors, increasing the density of semiconductors and increasing the memory capacity so that phonebooks, SMS, etc. can be recorded in SIMs. Recently, various application technologies such as PCD or PICC have been developed and applied by embedding ISO18092 NFC function in mobile phones.

On the other hand, the technology developed to add the PICC function to the SIM and to embed the loop antenna into the SIM to play the role of PICC as a mobile phone is commercially available. Most of the SIM socket covers or trays are made of metal, so the communication distance is less than 1 cm. Even if the card (PICC) is closely attached to the terminal (PCD) because it is short, there is a problem such as slow response speed or communication error.

The present invention adds the PICC and PCD functions to the semiconductor chip of the existing SIM, and embeds a loop antenna in the plastic insulator part of the SIM, and inserts it into the mobile phone SIM socket, the role of the PICC, such as traffic card, credit card, e-passport For the purpose of PCD, the role of PCD can be used to pay / pay RF-EMV credit cards close to mobile phones, download visas to ePassports, and add money to transportation cards. It can be used to transfer data between mobile phones in close proximity, and WUSB can implement close file synchronization.

Conventional NFC was able to implement the above similar functions only when the NFC chip and the loop antenna, etc. in the phone can be implemented, but by implementing the SIM as in the example of the present invention it is possible to simply implement the above functions only by replacing the existing SIM.

According to the present invention, the eight external terminals of the COB of SIM / USIM use the ISO7816 international standard as it is, but form an RF loop coil antenna terminal which is not exposed to the inside of the COB, thereby connecting a loop antenna coil or a PCB loop antenna pattern. By implementing the RF wireless communication with the Vcc terminal supply voltage of ISO7816 supplied to the internal semiconductor chip, the RF wireless communication can be operated in an active way, overcoming the limitation of the size and area of the antenna and the interference problem for the existing passive communication. It ensures stable and integrity communication and is easy to use in existing mobile phone smartphones.

4 illustrates a conceptual structure of an SIM (iPCD SIM) to which an iPCD is applied according to the present invention. 4, there is a COB (12X13mm, 4-3) composed of eight contact terminals C1 to C8 on the front side of the iPCD SIM 2-1 according to the present invention. The COB 4-3 is mounted on the plastic card serving as the base.

The loop coil antennas 2-6 and the external loop coil antenna contact terminals 2-8 and 2-9 are embedded in the iPCD SIM 2-1 except the area occupied by the COB 4-3.

As shown in Figure 4, an iPCD SIM according to the present invention includes an iPCD 2-3 in the summary of the present invention. In addition, iPCD (2-3) is PICC + PCD (2-15), RF-module (2-11), 13.56 MHz crystal oscillator (2-17), 13.56 MHz carrier detector (2-4), active trigger switch (2-5). The SWP 2-12 may be selectively applied for communication with the NFC chip 2-13. Reference numerals 2-14 are loop antennas for NFC, 2-2 are external loop antennas, and 2-16 are secondary power supplies.

The outer loop antenna 2-2 may be installed in the SIM mounting tray 2-10 or mounted in a battery (not shown) or a case (not shown) of the mobile communication terminal. The inner loop antenna 2-6 is connected to the inner contact terminal IC11, and the outer loop antenna is connected to the fifth and sixth contact terminals C5 and C6.

In FIG. 4, a conventional SIM configuration, that is, a typical configuration for providing a phone number of a mobile communication terminal is omitted. The CPU is configured in the existing SIM.

Here, a block with PICC + PCD (2-15), 13.56 MHz crystal oscillator (2-17), 13.56 MHz carrier detector (2-4), active trigger switch (2-5), SWP (2-12) It will be referred to as iPCD (2-3).

Each role of the eight COB contacts is used as defined in part 2 of ISO7816, and the SIM inner loop is connected via the inner contact terminals IC9 (IC: Inner Connector 9; 4-4) and IC10 (4-5) on the opposite side of the contact surface. Connect the antenna (4-7). Here, IC9 to IC11 are arbitrarily determined by setting the internal contact terminals connected to C1 to C8 as IC1 to IC8, and their names are not determined in practice.

Multiplying or dividing the smart card clock (CLK: Clock) applied to C3 cannot generate 13.56MHz carrier to drive ISO14443 PCD, so a separate 13.56MHz crystal oscillator (2-17) is built-in.

The 13.56 MHz carrier detector 2-4 detects the voltage level excited through the inner loop antenna 2-6. If the detected excitation voltage is higher than or equal to a predetermined level, that is, the reference voltage (ex. 0.3V), the power supply voltage Vcc provided through the C1 contact terminal is applied to the iPCD 2-3 by controlling the active trigger switch 2-5. Control as possible.

iPCD has an initial passive state. If the iPCD is within the operating power of the PCD and the voltage Vt excited by the 13.56 MHz carrier transmitted from the PCD is greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage (e.g., 0.3V) (Vt> 0.3V), the active trigger switch (2- 5) The power supply voltage Vcc provided through C1 by the circuit is applied to the iPCD and the iPCD transitions from the passive state to the active state.

In ISO14443 proximity communication, PICC must generate internal operating power with 13.56MHz radio frequency carrier transmitted from PCD. If the loop antenna size is smaller than the standard specification, PICC cannot generate enough power to guarantee stable communication. In some cases, the test could not pass because the communication is possible only in the short distance with the PCD.

However, detecting the carriers transmitted from the PCD can be sufficiently performed even if the size of the antenna or the Q value is small, as long as it is not an internal power supply voltage generation problem required for the PICC. This means that even if the loop antenna is made small, the carrier transmitted by the PCD can be normally detected within the 10Cm operating range.

In the present invention, if the iPCD is within the operating volume of the PCD, the iPCD is switched to the active method operating by the Vcc voltage applied to the C3 of the SIM / USIM instead of the passive method, so that the wireless signal from the PCD is amplified and recognized. Proximity communication can be made with a stable power source out of an unstable power supply range.

5 shows a detailed configuration of the iPCD SIM of the present invention, and shows an example in which the iPCD is integrated with a SIM semiconductor chip.

5, in the iPCD SIM 7-1 according to the present invention, the iPCD is a loop antenna impedance matching circuit 7-2, a band pass filter 7-3, an amplifier 7-4, 13.56. MHz Crystal Oscillator (7-5), 13.56 MHz Carrier Detector (7-6), Active Trigger Switch (7-7), AGC and Squelch Circuit (7-8), Amplifier (7-9), Passive + Active PICC ( 7-10), PCD data recorver circuit (7-11), PCD / PICC signal control circuit + F-Memory (7-12), Tx databus (7-13), ISO7816 + ISO14443 smart card CPU, crypto processor + F-Memory / EEPROM / FRAM (COS + applet) 7-14, and Rx data bus 7-15. These components are implemented as internal components of existing SIM semiconductor chips.

6 shows another structure of an iPCD SIM according to the present invention, and shows an example in which the iPCD is divided into a SIM semiconductor chip and a separate chip.

6, in the iPCD SIM 7-1 according to the present invention, the iPCD is a loop antenna impedance matching circuit 5-2, a band pass filter 5-3, an amplifier 5-4, 13.56. MHz Crystal Oscillator (5-5), 13.56 MHz Carrier Detector (5-6), Active Trigger Switch (5-7), AGC and Squelch Circuit (5-8), Amplifier (5-9), Passive + Active PICC ( 5-10), PCD data recorver circuit (5-11), PCD / PICC signal control circuit and memory (5-12), Tx databus (5-13), ISO7816 + ISO14443 smart card CPU, crypto processor (cryptographic processor) ), EEPROM COS applet, Rx data bus 5-15.

Here, PCD / PICC signal control circuit + F-Memory (5-12) and ISO7816 + ISO14443 smart card CPU, Crypto processor + F-Memory / EEPROM / FRAM (COS + Applet) (5-14) are conventional SIM semiconductor chips. The other components are configured as separate chips and mounted on a COB or on a plastic card that is a base. 6 shows a prototype formed by separating iPCD into a chip separate from an existing SIM semiconductor chip. 5 and 6 differ in physical implementation and are the same in practical operation.

Referring to FIG. 5, an iPCD according to the present invention has a power off mode and a power on mode.

The power off mode is maintained when the operating power supply Vcc is not applied to the C1 contact terminal of the iPCD SIM 7-1. Only the communication by passive PICC is possible.

Power on mode is maintained when Vcc is applied to C1 contact terminal of iPCD SIM (7-1) and communication by Active PICC is possible.

In the power on mode, if the voltage Vt excited by the 13.56 MHz carrier transmitted from the PCD by the carrier detector 7-5 is above a predetermined voltage (e.g., 0.3V) (Vt> 0.3V), The power supply voltage Vcc provided through the C1 contact terminal by the active trigger switch 7-7 is applied to the PICC 7-10 so that the PICC 7-10 switches from the passive state to the active state.

On the other hand, in the case where the iPCD according to the present invention is used as the PCD, the signal transmitted from the outer PCD and received through the inner loop antenna 2-6 is transmitted by the amplifier 7-9 and the AGC & SQ 7-8. The signal amplified and supplied to Data Recover 7-11 and transmitted to the external PCD is transmitted through the amplifier 7-4, the band pass filter 7-3, and the matching circuit 7-2. -6).

7 illustrates a structure of PCD> iPCD, iPCD> PCD transmission in iPCD according to the present invention.

In the present invention, when the PCD transmits a 13.56 MHz carrier frequency to the iPCD (1D), the carrier detects the inside of the iPCD and switches the Vcc switch to 'on' so that the iPCD is supplied to the iPCD SIM. By operating by Vcc), it is possible to communicate in a large operating volume range more stably than when generating power (1A) in the conventional passive mode and communicating.

iPCD may respond to Load Modulation data (1Fa) as a PCD in PICC emulation mode (1F).

The present invention adds the PICC and PCD functions to the semiconductor chip of the existing SIM, embeds a loop coil antenna in the plastic insulator part of the SIM, and connects another loop antenna to the outside to recognize a 13.56 MHz carrier transmitted from the PCD. PICC / PCD can be operated by external power (Vcc) supplied to SIM by operating internal active switch.

When the iPCD SIM is inserted into the mobile phone SIM socket, it can be used for the purpose of transportation card, credit card, e-passport, etc. as the role of PICC, and the RF-EMV credit card is moved to the mobile phone as the role of PCD to make payment / payment. It can be used for various purposes, such as downloading a visa to an ePassport, recharging a transportation card, and transferring data by bringing mobile phone terminals closer together. Motivation can be implemented.

Conventional NFC was able to implement a similar function to the above only if the mobile phone has a separate NFC chip and loop antenna, etc., but by implementing the iPCD SIM as in the example of the present invention by simply replacing the existing SIM with the iPCD SIM of the present invention The above functions can be simply implemented.

In particular, in order to ensure that there is no problem even if the C6 contact terminal is mixed with an existing SIM designed for NFC SWP, after the SIM is inserted into the terminal, the power is turned on and the SIM is reset, that is, the power supply voltage applied to the C1 contact terminal. By resetting Vcc, the ISO7816 Answer To Reset (ATR) response signal procedure automatically selects the direct connection of an external loop antenna connected to the C6 contact, rather than an NFC circuit connected to the C6 contact.

8 illustrates a communication process between a master iPCD and a slave iPCD in a mobile communication terminal to which an iPCD SIM according to the present invention is applied.

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 8, when the Interactive PCD SIM of the present invention is touched with a smartphone user environment (GUI) screen, the master iPCD 8-1 in the passive state is changed to active (8-3). Initiates IMCP (Interactive Master Carrier Polling: 8-4) and repeatedly polls at 13.56 MHz carrier frequency to see if there are other iPCDs or PICCs in the 0-10 Cm OV (Operating Volume) (see Polling: 1Da). do.

The slave iPCD (8-2) enters the OV of the Master iPCD (8-1) and the Slave iPCD (8-2) detects a voltage above Vt> 0.3V in the initial passive state by the 13.56 MHz carrier frequency (8-6) Then, the active trigger switch (7-7) switches from the passive state to the active state and starts the role of the slave iPCD (8-2) operating at the power supply voltage Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal. 1) to send to inform. At this time, when the terminal power of the slave iPCD (8-2) is turned off, it communicates in the passive PICC mode.

When the Master iPCD 8-1 receives the response signal 8-8 transmitted by the Slave-iPCD 8-2, it transmits a command 8-9 such as ISO14443 ATS or WUKA / B. After that, the role command (8-11) is transmitted to the slave iPCD (8-2) to assign the role of PICC, PCD, VICC, NFC, etc., and then start communication between the iPCDs.

The iPCD according to the present invention operates in the following emulation procedure to communicate with an existing device and card.

First, PICC emulation: When iPCD (A) transmits carrier to another iPCD (B) in Type A / B PCD mode, iPCD (B)

(1) Power-On When in passive state, switch to active state and send response in active PICC mode.

(2) Power-Off When in passive state, iPCD (B) responds with passive PICC.

Second, PCD emulation: If iPCD (A) sends Role define PCD to iPCD (B), iPCD (B) responds with the role of PCD.

Third, NFC emulation: If iPCD (A) transmits a role define NFC to IPCD (B) iPCD (B) responds with the role of NFC.

Fourth, Anti-collision mode: When two iPCDs and PCDs are in active mode and a third PICC or iPCD intervenes while communication is inevitable, the ISO14443 Anti-collision command prevents and communicates.

Active / Passive PICC and Active / Passive PCD according to the present invention can be applied to Active / Passive VICC and Active / Passive VCD, such Active / Passive PICC, Active / Passive PCD, Active / Passive VICC and Active / Passive VCD Can operate as smart key, door lock smart key.

9 shows examples of connecting an outer loop antenna in an iPCD SIM according to the present invention.

In FIG. 9, the lower left side 4-8 shows an example having a non EMI isolate coating case, and the lower right side 4-9 shows an example having an EMI isolate coating case. Reference numerals 4-8, 4-14, 4-13, 4-12, 4-11 and 4-10 refer to Non EMI isolate coating case, external loop coil antenna, ferrite sheet, metal tray cover, A / P RF SIM It shows a SIM socket. Reference numerals 4-16 denote cases. Reference numeral 4-19 denotes a SIM internal contact terminal and an external loop coil antenna lead or flexible PCB.

9, a metal cover or a metal tray 4-12 for preventing the A / P RF SIM 4-11 from deviating from the socket 4-10 is provided with a loop coil antenna 4-7 of the SIM. ) Affects transmission and reception by attaching the outer loop coil antenna (first outer loop coil antenna, 4-14) with a ferrite sheet (4-13) under the SIM metal cover (4-12). Do not have this.

On the other hand, when the position of the SIM in the case 4-16 of the mobile phone is covered by the electromagnetic wave (EMI) protective coating (4-15) or the battery, the outer loop coil antenna (second outer loop) installed in the case of the mobile phone The coil antenna) may be extended through the flexible PCB 4-19 to attach to the outside to facilitate communication.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example in which iPCD is applied to a mobile communication terminal SIM such as GSM, CDMA 3G, 4G, etc., so that all security functions are included in the SIM to exclude a possibility of cryptographic attack.

9 and 10, when the small inner loop coil antenna 12-3 of the SIM shape is connected to the antenna selection switch through the external loop antenna contact terminals 4-4 and 4-5, only for near field communication. When the external loop antenna is connected, the secondary battery 12-8 of the mobile communication terminal is charged in a proximity manner through the constant voltage / constant current and the charging circuit 12-7 to be used as the power supply voltage 12-9.

11 shows a comparison of the connection relationship between the iPCD SIM and the conventional NFC SIM according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 11, it can be seen that the iPCD SIM according to the present invention uses a COB contact terminal in accordance with ISO7816 and simultaneously or selectively uses an inner loop coil antenna and an outer loop coil antenna. In contrast, the conventional NFC SIM uses an external loop coil antenna, that is, a loop coil antenna installed outside the SIM itself, and the RF circuit is also the same.

The SIM is 25mm wide by 15mm wider than the size of the COB plugged into the SIM socket of the mobile phone.The SIM is a very small size defined in ISO7816 ID000. The loop antenna must be implemented in a physically limited space even if it is connected. For this reason, the recognition rate of traffic cards implemented by connecting loop antennas to COBs 4 and 8 in Korea could not be good.

In order to solve this problem, the iPCD SIM of the present invention is improved to an active radio frequency communication method of supplying power to a wireless module with a Vcc voltage supplied to the SIM socket 1 terminal of a mobile communication terminal, and a PCD terminal through a loop coil antenna. It can solve the communication distance limitation or instability problem of the existing passive contactless communication which generates power by the carrier frequency transmitted from.

In the present invention, the external eight terminals of SIM / USIM use the ISO7816 international standard as it is, but form an RF loop antenna terminal that is not exposed to the inside of the COB to connect a loop antenna coil or a PCB loop antenna pattern, thereby forming a COB internal semiconductor chip. By implementing the RF wireless communication with the Vcc voltage of ISO7816 supplied to the active method, it overcomes the size and area limitation and interference problem of the antenna for the conventional passive communication and guarantees stable and integrity communication. And it is implemented to use easily in existing mobile phones, smartphones.

RF circuit and driver circuit for connecting RF antenna coil to COB internal terminal of SIM / USIM can be packaged as one COB and compatible with NFC even if configured as a separate chip outside the semiconductor chip. The 7th terminal is jointly connected so that it can be selected and used as a new international standard.

The present invention adds the PICC and PCD functions to the semiconductor chip of the existing SIM, and embeds a loop antenna in the plastic insulator part of the SIM, and inserts it into the mobile phone SIM socket, the role of the PICC, such as traffic card, credit card, e-passport For the purpose of PCD, the role of PCD can be used to pay / pay RF-EMV credit cards close to mobile phones, download visas to ePassports, and add money to transportation cards. It can be used to transfer data between mobile phones in close proximity, and WUSB (Wireless USB) can be used to implement proximity file synchronization.

Conventional NFC was able to implement the above functions only if the phone has an NFC chip and a loop antenna, but if the SIM implemented as in the example of the present invention it is possible to simply implement the above functions by simply replacing the existing SIM.

7-2 ... Impedance Matching Circuit 7-3 ... Band Pass Filter
7-4 ... Amplifier 7-5 ... 13.56 MHz Crystal Oscillator
7-6 ... 13.56 MHz Carrier Detector 7-7 ... Active Trigger Switch
7-8 ... AGC and Squelch Circuits 7-9 ... Amplifiers
7-10 ... Passive + Active PICC 7-11 ... PCD data recorver circuit
7-12 ... PCD / PICC Signal Control Circuit + F-Memory
7-13 ... Tx data bus
7-14 ... ISO7816 + ISO14443 Smart Card CPU, Crypto Processor + F-Memory / EEPROM / FRAM (COS + Applet)
7-15 ... Rx data bus

Claims (8)

In a proximity communication terminal (PCD) consisting of a chip on board (COB) having ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8 and a plastic card serving as a base on which the COB is mounted,
An inner loop antenna provided on the plastic card to detect a carrier transmitted from an ISO14443 Proximity Coupling Device (PCD);
An ISO14443 Proximity Integrated Circuits Card (PICC) connected to the inner loop antenna and operating by electromotive force excited by a carrier detected by the inner loop antenna;
A carrier detector for comparing the electromotive force (Vt) excited by the PICC with a predetermined reference voltage;
In response to determining that the electromotive force Vt excited by the carrier detector is greater than the reference voltage, in response thereto, an operating power source Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8 is applied to the PICC. Active trigger switch; And
An oscillator generating an ISO14443 carrier;
Including;
If it is determined that the initial electromotive force Vt is greater than the reference voltage while operating as a passive PICC, it is operated as an active PICC by an operating power source Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8. ,
When the C2 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminal is reset, the C6 contact terminal of the contact terminal is configured to use for SWP (Single Wire Protocole) NFC with an Answer To Reset (ATR) response command or as an external loop coil antenna for PCD / PICC. PCD, characterized in that can be switched to use.
In a subscriber identity module (SIM) comprising an ISO7816 contact terminal (C1 to C8) and comprising a chip on board (COB) on which a SIM semiconductor chip is mounted and a plastic card serving as a base on which the COB is mounted,
An inner loop antenna provided on the plastic card to detect a carrier transmitted from an ISO14443 Proximity Coupling Device (PCD);
An ISO14443 Proximity Integrated Circuits Card (PICC) connected to the inner loop antenna and operating by electromotive force excited by a carrier detected by the inner loop antenna;
A carrier detector for comparing the electromotive force (Vt) excited by the PICC with a predetermined reference voltage;
In response to determining that the electromotive force Vt excited by the carrier detector is greater than the reference voltage, in response thereto, an operating power source Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8 is applied to the PICC. Active trigger switch; And
An oscillator generating an ISO14443 carrier;
Including;
If it is determined that the initial electromotive force Vt is greater than the reference voltage while operating as a passive PICC, it is operated as an active PICC by an operating power source Vcc applied to the C1 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminals C1 to C8. ,
When the C2 contact terminal of the ISO7816 contact terminal is reset, the C6 contact terminal of the contact terminal is configured to use for SWP (Single Wire Protocole) NFC with an Answer To Reset (ATR) response command or as an external loop coil antenna for PCD / PICC. SIM which can be switched to use.
3. The method of claim 2,
SIM further comprising a PCD.
3. The method of claim 2,
And an antenna contact terminal formed on the plastic card, the antenna contact terminal being connectable to an outer loop antenna.
The SIM according to claim 2, wherein the SIM satisfies the ISO ISO7816 ID000 standard.
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