KR101346316B1 - Method for producing high-strength staple fiber using multi-filament fiber and high-strength staple fiber made by it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing high strength short fibers and its short fibers, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing high strength short fibers using a multifilament yarn made of a single yarn having a constant single yarn fineness, In the method of manufacturing short fibers using filament yarn, high-speed spinning of synthetic fiber yarns through spinneret, then through a nozzle to form a multi-filament, and passing the multi-filament through a stretch heating heater to cool the heat-treated multifilament And then stretching and combusting the cooled multifilament with a combustor and winding it with a winder at a predetermined crimping force to prepare a multifilament yarn tow; and arranging a plurality or more of the tow on the bottom and then dissolving it; The multifilament yarns to the high speed gear wheels by the guide rollers, Removing the oil by putting the sent multifilament yarn into an emulsion removing device; and an aqueous stretching bath or oil-based stretching bath in which the stretching temperature of the multifilament yarn from which the emulsion is removed is provided between the primary stretching machine and the secondary stretching machine is set. Immersing in a heat treatment, and adjusting the draw ratios of the primary and secondary stretchers and the secondary and tertiary stretchers to multistage stretching; and crimping the stretched multifilament yarns with a crimper; And cutting the crimped multifilament yarn to have a predetermined length.

Description

Method for producing high strength short fibers using multifilament yarns and its short fibers {Method for producing high-strength staple fiber using multi-filament fiber and high-strength staple fiber made by it}

The present invention relates to a method for producing high strength short fibers and its short fibers, and more particularly, to a method for producing high strength short fibers using a multifilament yarn made of a single yarn having a constant single yarn fineness.

Multifilament is generally used as an industrial material through weaving or knitting, or as a raw material for industrial materials or clothing products after dyeing and processing. However, due to the inherent gloss and texture of the multifilament, the demand of the consumer market is extremely limited and the share of the apparel market is not so high.

On the other hand, general yarn is used as a raw material of non-woven fabric by short fiber or crimped after short fiber to make blended yarn by combining 100% raw material with spinning or other ratio of fiber with other two components. It is used as a garment after knitting, and most of the garments currently in circulation are manufactured by blending short-fiber synthetic fiber in this manner with other fibers.

Since such blends are made of a mixture of two different fibers, they can have the advantages of the two fibers evenly, suggesting a wider range of applications than multifilament fibers as an industrial material.

For this reason, the development of high-strength short fibers by processing ordinary yarn has been actively developed.

Patents relating to a method of manufacturing high strength polyester or polypropylene fiber by processing a general yarn are disclosed in Korean Patent Application Nos. 10-1998-56947 and 10-1994-14308. However, both of the above patents provide a method of obtaining a high strength fiber from a general yarn by multi-stretching using a heat source of a dry heat method without using a drawing bath. In addition, the technology of the two patents has a drawback that is not applicable to yarns produced at a spinning speed of 2000m / min or less by multi-stretching the yarns manufactured at a spinning speed of 2000m / min or more.

In addition, the two patents are short fibers of a general yarn, and a single fiber is a short fiber to a multi-filament yarn having a variety of functional short fiber has not been developed until now.

Therefore, the problem to be solved in the present invention is to fix the multi-filament yarn having excellent properties such as strength and elongation by fixing the physical properties such as stretching immediately after spinning the synthetic fiber yarn in high-speed spinning, and shortened the processed multifilament yarn It is to provide a method for producing a short fiber having a physical property equivalent to that of the multifilament yarn in the long fiber state.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a short fiber that can be developed for various purposes such as spun yarn, nonwoven fabric, and padding manufactured according to the method of the present invention.

In the method for producing short fibers using the multifilament yarn of the present invention, which solves the above problems, a multifilament is formed by high-speed spinning a polyfilament yarn through a spinneret including a multi-nozzle, and the multifilament is applied to an extension heating heater. Cooling the multifilament heat-treated to pass, and then stretching and combusting the cooled multifilament with a combustor, and winding the winder with a winding force to prepare a multifilament yarn tow;

Arranging at least a plurality of the tow on the floor and then simultaneously dissolving the tow;

Transferring the dismantled multifilament yarn to the high speed gear wheel by a guide roller, and inserting the multifilament yarn transferred to the high speed gear wheel into an emulsion removing device to remove the oil adhered to the multifilament yarn;

The oil-free multifilament yarn is immersed in an aqueous drawing or oil based drawing bath having a drawing temperature set between the primary drawing machine and the secondary drawing machine, and heat treated, and the primary drawing machine, the second drawing machine, and the second drawing machine And multistage stretching by adjusting the draw ratio of the third stretching machine;

Crimping the stretched multifilament yarns with a crimper; And

And cutting the crimped multifilament yarn to have a predetermined length.

Here, the multifilament yarn is less than 0.9 denier single yarn fine, characterized in that the total number of single yarn 100 ~ 400.

Here, the multifilament yarn is 1.0 ~ 1.5 denier single yarn fine, characterized in that the total number of single yarn 50 ~ 80.

Here, the crimping is characterized in that the crimping pressure of 3.5kgf / ㎠, the crimper roller pressure of 5.8kgf / ㎠, the crimping edge of the angle 53 °.

In addition, the present invention is manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method, the single filament yarn is not more than 0.9 denier and the number of single filament multifilament yarn or single filament yarn is 1.0 ~ 1.5 denier, the total number of single yarn 50 to 80 multifilament It provides a short fiber characterized in that the length of 32 to 38mm.

Here, the strength of the short fiber is characterized in that 4.9 ~ 6.5g / de.

The method for producing short fibers using multifilament yarns according to the present invention can produce high performance short fibers by shortening multifilament yarns having a certain level of strength and elongation by fixing physical properties such as elongation after spinning with high speed spinning.

In addition, conventional functional products were produced using high-performance long fibers instead of short fibers, but their use was limited. However, by shortening the high-performance long fibers, it is possible to produce fibers for various uses such as high-performance spinning yarn, nonwoven fabric, and padding. Will be.

1 illustrates one step of manufacturing a multifilament yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows an example of one step of fiberizing the multifilament yarn of the present invention.
3 is a photograph showing short fibers produced according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a diagram illustrating one step of manufacturing a multifilament yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 illustrates an example of one process of short fiberizing the multifilament yarn of the present invention. Is a photograph showing the short fibers produced according to the present invention.

In the method for producing short fibers using the multifilament yarn of the present invention, a multifilament is formed by high-speed spinning a polyester yarn through a spinneret including a multi-nozzle, and the multifilament is heated by passing the multifilament through a stretch heating heater. Cooling the filament and then stretching and combusting the cooled multifilament with a combustor, and winding it with a winder with a predetermined winding tension to prepare a multifilament yarn tow; and arranging at least a plurality of the tows on the bottom and then dissolving them simultaneously. And transferring the dismantled multifilament yarn to the high speed gear wheel by a guide roller, and inserting the multifilament yarn transferred to the high speed gear wheel into an emulsion removing device to remove the oil adhered to the multifilament yarn. And between the primary drawing machine and the secondary drawing machine, the multifilament yarn from which the emulsion is removed is provided. Immersing in a water-based stretching bath or an oil-based stretching bath having a drawing temperature set, and performing multistage stretching by adjusting the draw ratio of the primary stretching machine and the secondary stretching machine and the secondary stretching machine and the third stretching machine; and the stretched multifilament yarn Crimping with a crimper; And cutting the crimped multifilament yarn to have a predetermined length.

The multifilament yarn used in the present invention has a single yarn fineness of 0.9 denier or less, and uses a multi microfine filament yarn having a total number of single yarns of 100 to 400. Preferably, the use of multi-microfine filament yarn having a total number of single yarns of 100 to 200 is high in productivity, and high functional short fibers can be obtained.

The multifilament yarn used in the present invention has a single yarn fineness of 1.0 to 1.5 denier, and a single yarn total number of 50 to 80 may be used.

According to the invention, the crimping is preferably crimped at a pressure of 3.5 kgf / cm 2 of the crimper, a pressure of 5.8 kgf / cm 2 of the crimper roller, and an angle of 53 ° of the crimper blade.

According to the manufacturing method described above, single yarn fineness is 0.9 denier or less, and the number of single filament yarns is 100 to 400, or the number of single filament yarns is 1.0 to 1.5 denier. Phosphorus short fibers can be obtained, and high strength short fibers having a strength of 4.9 to 6.5 g / de can be obtained.

In particular, the short fibers made of multi-microfiber filament yarn can maintain the physical properties of the microfibers intact, and the strength and elongation of the short fibers can be equivalent to those of the microfiber filaments.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the method for producing a short fiber of the present invention as described above,

First, as shown in FIG. 1, a multifilament yarn is manufactured, followed by a short fiber manufacturing process.

Here, the manufacturing process of the multifilament yarn shown in FIG. 1 is exemplified to explain the present invention, and is not limited to the manufacturing process of the multifilament yarn shown in FIG. 1. Also applicable to the present invention.

According to the example of FIG. 1, firstly, the synthetic fiber yarn is spun at high speed into the spinneret 100, and then the spun synthetic fiber yarn is guided by the guide roller 110 and transferred to the feed roller 120. The feed roller 120 is transferred to the interlace nozzle 130.

Synthetic fiber yarns in the interlace nozzle 130 is air entangled to give a uniform twist throughout the multifilament. The air entangled multifilament is passed through the stretching heating heater 140 and heat-treated, the heat-treated multifilament is transferred to the cooling plate 160 by the feed roller 150, the multifilament passed through the cooling plate is a combustor ( 170) to perform simultaneous drawing and stretching.

The stretch simultaneous flammable multifilament is conveyed by a feed roller 180, in this case guided to the emulsion applicator 190 for the tanning process to the multifilament yarns so that the oil is uniformly applied to the surface, the emulsion The treated multifilament is crimped with a certain tension by the crimping rollers 200 and 210, and the crimped multifilament 230 is wound by the winding roller 220 to form a multifilament yarn tow 240.

At this time, the processing conditions in each process for processing the multifilament yarn is not particularly limited, it is performed according to the known process conditions according to the synthetic fiber yarn and the production purpose used.

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Multi-filament yarn tow 240 manufactured as described above, as shown in Figure 2, is arranged on the bottom of the plurality, to be dissolved. At this time, the sea yarn is pulled up by the multifilament yarn to the krill 12 in the tow listed on the bottom, and then transferred to the high speed gear wheel 15 by the guide roller 18, and then transferred by the high speed gear wheel The multifilament yarns are supplied to the oil removal apparatus 11 by the induction roller 17 to remove the oil processed by the multifilament yarns.

The oil-free multifilament yarn is fed by the guide roller 13, and the multifilament yarn being fed is supplied to the primary stretching machine 20 through the guide roller 14, and supplied to the primary stretching machine 20. The multifilament yarn is transferred to the impregnation roller 16 provided in the stretching bath 70 in which the stretching agent 60 is filled. In the drawing bath 70, the multifilament yarn is heat-treated by the set stretching temperature, the heat-treated multifilament yarn is transferred to the secondary stretching machine 22, the multifilament yarn transferred to the secondary stretching machine tertiary stretching machine 24 Will be transferred to.

The above series of stretching processes are performed continuously.

At this time, the stretching ratio of the stretching roller 25 of the primary stretching machine and the stretching roller 26 of the secondary stretching machine is 1.6 to 1.7: 1, the stretching roller of the secondary stretching machine and the stretching of the third stretching machine 24. It is preferable to extend | stretch and set the draw ratio of the roller 27 in the ratio of 1.05-1.11: 1.

Here, the stretching bath 70 may be an aqueous stretching bath or an oil-based stretching bath, and the stretching liquid may be water or oil. The stretching temperature of the stretching liquid 60 filled in the stretching bath 70 is preferably set below the boiling point of the stretching liquid used. That is, when the stretching liquid is water, the boiling point of the water is set to a temperature of 100 ° C. or lower, and in the case of oil, the stretching liquid is set to a temperature below the boiling point of the oil used.

At this time, during the multi-stage stretching, a washing device 23 is further provided between the secondary stretching machine and the tertiary stretching machine, as shown in FIG. 2 to wash the stretching agent impregnated in the stretching bath, followed by a third stretching machine. Can be transported

The stretched multifilament yarn is transferred to the crimper 30 to crimp, wherein the crimping conditions are as described above.

The crimped stretched multifilament yarn is transferred to the cutter 34 by using the transfer device 32, and the multifilament yarn short fibers 40 cut by the cutter are completed. (See FIG. 3). , The multifilament yarn short fibers are transported to a separate transport device to be packed. Here, the separate transfer device is known and omitted from the accompanying drawings.

Short fiber and multifilament yarn filament manufactured according to the method for producing high strength short fibers using the multifilament yarn of the present invention described above (Hubis PF FDY 150/96) and general spinning short fibers (( ) Huvis PSF 1.4DE × 38MM) was compared to compare the properties, the comparison results are shown in Table 1 below.

The multifilament filaments were compared with multifilament yarns having a strength and elongation of 5.0 g / de or more and 68% or more of TD (Total Denier) 100 and 72 single yarns (FDY 100/72). The strength and elongation of the filament yarns are listed in Table 1 below.

The spinning single fiber was used as a single fiber made of fibers having a single yarn fineness of 1.4 denier, the physical properties are shown in Table 1 below.

According to the manufacturing method according to the present invention, the filament having the same single yarn number as the multifilament and having a single yarn fineness of 1.0 denier, 1.3 denier and 1.4 denier in order to compare physical properties with the multifilament long fiber and short fiber for spinning To prepare, and measured the physical properties of the short fibers, the results are shown in Table 1 below.

The error range of fineness of the single fiber for spinning is ± 0.01, and the short fiber and filament of the present invention are ± 0.005.

The short fibers for spinning and the short fibers provided in the present invention were processed to be 38 mm.

division For general spinning
Short Fiber (PFS 1.4DE × 38MM) Short fiber of the present invention filament
(Long fiber)
(PF FDY 150/96) Monosanthin 1.4DE ± 0.01 1.0DE ± 0.005 1.2DE ± 0.005 1.4DE ± 0.005 1.38DE ± 0.005 The tensile strength 4.3g / de 4.9g / de 5.2 g / de 5.8 g / de 5.0g / de or more Shinto 45% 65% 68% 72% More than 68%

The tensile strength and elongation of Table 1 are measured values using the cut-stream method of JIS L 1096, and the filaments are values according to the product specification.

As a result of Table 1, it can be seen that the physical properties of the short fibers produced according to the production method according to the present invention have significantly superior physical properties compared to the conventional single fiber for spinning, and also as a result of filament filament It turned out that it has physical property equivalent or more.

10: degreasing device 12: krill
13: guide roller 14: guide roller
15: High speed gear wheel 16: Impregnation roller
20: primary drawing machine 22: secondary drawing machine
24: 3rd drawing machine 25, 26, 27: drawing roller
30: crimper 32: feeder
40: cutting machine 50: short fiber
60: stretching agent 70: stretching bath
100: spinneret 110: guide roller
120: feed roller 130: interlace nozzle
140: stretch heating heater 150: induction roller
160: cooling plate 170: combustor
180: guide roller 190: emulsion applicator
200, 210: crimping roller 220: coiling roller
240: tow

Claims (6)

High-speed spinning of a polyester yarn through a spinneret including a spinning multi-nozzle to form a multifilament, the multifilament is passed through an extension heating heater to cool the heat-treated multifilament and then combust the cooled multifilament Stretching and combusting with air, and crimping with a predetermined crimping tension, followed by winding with a winder to prepare multi-filament yarn tow;
Arranging at least a plurality of the tow on the floor and then simultaneously dissolving the tow;
Transferring the dissolved and filamented multifilament yarn to the high speed gear wheel by a guide roller, and inserting the multifilament yarn transferred to the high speed gear wheel into an emulsion removing device to remove the oil adhered to the multifilament yarn;
The oil-free multifilament yarn is immersed in an aqueous stretching bath or an oil-based stretching bath having a stretching temperature provided between the primary stretching machine and the secondary stretching machine, and heat-treated. Multi-stretching by adjusting the draw ratios of the secondary stretching machine and the tertiary stretching machine;
Crimping the stretched multifilament yarns with a crimper; And
Cutting the crimped multifilament yarn to have a predetermined length,
The multifilament yarn is a single yarn fineness of 1.0 to 1.5 denier, 50 to 80 single yarn total number,
The crimping is a method of manufacturing short fibers using multifilament yarns, characterized in that the crimping pressure of the crimper 3.5kgf / ㎠, the crimper roller pressure 5.8kgf / ㎠, the angle of the crimper blade 53 °. delete delete delete The short fiber manufactured by the manufacturing method of Claim 1 whose length which becomes a multifilament yarn is 32-38 mm. The method of claim 5,
The short fiber, characterized in that the strength of 4.9 ~ 6.5g / de.

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