KR101344588B1 - engine - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an engine that meets the needs of recent environmental protection and which achieves the goal of low pollution, high horsepower, small volume, simple structure, high durability and the like. This is a breakthrough in internal combustion engines.

The contents of the cylinder are composed of a piston set composed of a main piston and an external attachment piston, the external attachment piston being disposed outside the main piston, and also rotatably contacting both tension bars so that the crankshaft in the crankcase at the bottom of the cylinder By interlocking with the up-and-down stroke formed by the main piston in the heart-shaped grooves provided at both sides of the cylinder, it does not require the addition of lubricating oil to the fuel by the carburetor of the kind of cylinder fuel injection system, and also increases the engine compression ratio.

Description

Engine {ENGINE}

The present invention relates to the construction of a two-stroke internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an engine of the type which converts the instantaneous explosive force of fuel into the periodic linear motion of an externally attached piston.

Current internal combustion engines (engines) are already two-stroke and four-stroke mainstream. Reference is made to the diagram of the structure of the current general two-stroke engine shown in FIG. Intake ports 11 and exhaust ports 12 are provided on opposite sides of the cylinder 10, respectively. The piston 13 has a sealing piston ring 14 inside the cylinder 10. One end of the connecting bar 15 is connected to the piston pin 16 inside the piston 13. The other end of the connecting bar 15 is connected to the crankshaft 18 installed inside the crankcase 17 at the bottom of the cylinder 10. When the piston 13 is at the top of the cylinder 10 in the ascending stroke, the mixed gasoline is compressed, ignited and exploded by the spark plug 19, and the piston 13 is moved downward. Thereafter, power is output through the crankshaft 18. When the piston 13 is positioned below the exhaust port 12 in the downward stroke, combustion waste is discharged. When the waste is discharged, the exhaust port 12 experiences the Venturi effect of creating pressure in the crankcase, so that the pressure at the top of the cylinder 10 becomes negative pressure. Mixed gasoline is sucked in from the intake port 11 (installing a check valve). At this time, the piston 13 uses the connecting bar 15 to form a push-up movement of the upstroke from the rotational force of the crankshaft 18, thereby compressing and igniting the mixed gasoline again. From the foregoing, it is known that the two-stroke engine has a simple structure, which has the advantages of low power loss and large horsepower. Since the piston 13 passes through the inlet port 11 and the exhaust port 12 which face each side of the cylinder 10 in the up-and-down stroke, the crankcase 17 does not accumulate lubricating oil therein. However, since mechanical operation requires lubrication, two-stroke engines require lubrication for gasoline. As a result, a lubricating oil film is formed during combustion, and obviously, the combustion is incomplete combustion. In the case of incomplete combustion, the discharged waste leads to contamination problems that do not comply with environmental protection. This invention aims at realizing the ideal which waste discharge | emission increases a horsepower by low pollution also in any two-stroke engine.

For this reason, the main object of this invention is to provide the two-stroke engine which arrange | positioned the external attachment piston outside the main piston. The externally attached piston is connected in the heart-shaped grooves provided on both sides of the crankshaft by using tension bars on both sides, and interlocks vertically with the main piston to convert the instantaneous explosive force due to combustion into periodic linear motion. This replaces the complicated air valve structure in four-stroke engines. The present invention also adds a blocking ring to the skirt portion of the externally attached piston and the main piston. This configuration and the preload single stream air passage in the crankcase (one-way independent air passage) can provide lubrication like a four-stroke engine and remove the constraint that the two-stroke engine must add lubricant to its gasoline.

Another object of the present invention is to change the angle of the heart-shaped grooves provided on both sides of the crankshaft so that the gasoline mixed in the cylinder is closed early by closing the inlet and exhaust ports facing the cylinder sides by external attachment pistons. It is to prevent leakage outside, to increase the amount of intake into the cylinder, to improve the compression ratio to increase the horsepower.

Another object of the invention is that the cylinder bore of the first end of the cylinder and the externally attached piston have a corrugated edge, so that when the cylinder bore of the first end and the externally attached piston contact each other, Present, the main piston and the externally attached piston move simultaneously. The piston ring of the main piston can smoothly enter and exit the chamber of the externally attached piston without being caught in the groove.

In order to realize the above object, the present invention provides an engine having a piston set in which a cylinder is composed of a main piston and an externally attached piston. The externally attached piston surrounds the main piston and is connected to the heart-shaped grooves provided on both sides of the crankshaft pin inside the crankcase at the bottom of the cylinder using both tension bars, thereby interlocking with the main piston in the up and down stroke.

Further preferentially, a blocking ring is provided in the skirt portion of the main piston or the externally attached piston of the piston set to prevent the lubricant from leaking out from the intake and exhaust ports.

Furthermore, what can be selected preferentially is the heart-shaped groove | channel provided in the both sides of the crankshaft which drives an external attachment piston up and down, is formed by the combination of a large and small annular groove.

Further preferentially, the heart-shaped grooves provided on both sides of the crankshaft are in the form of a concave or convex form, or a combination of these forms, such as an uneven ring.

Furthermore, what can be selected preferentially is to make a cylinder bore into two stage bores from which an internal diameter differs.

Furthermore, as a preferential selection, the crankcase at the bottom of the cylinder controls the flow of intake gas passing through the one-way independent air passage through the one-way independent air passage.

Still further preferentially, gas in the crankcase at the bottom of the cylinder enters the cylinder through a one-way independent air passage, or exits the crankcase before entering the cylinder again.

A further preferential choice is that the direct fuel injection system in the cylinder is constituted by an oil pump, a check valve and a one-way control valve. The oil pump power of the oil supply system is generated by turning the heart-shaped grooves provided on both sides of the crankshaft in the crankcase of the cylinder bottom part.

Furthermore, what can be selected preferentially is to make the contact surface of an external attachment piston and the cylinder bore of the 1st stage of a cylinder into a wave form.

According to the present invention, there is provided an engine that meets the needs of recent environmental protection and achieves the goal of low pollution, high horsepower, small volume, simple structure, high durability and the like.

In order to further understand the object, features and efficacy of the present invention, it will be described below with reference to the drawings of a relatively preferred embodiment.

Reference is made to FIGS. 2 to 8. The structure of the engine of the present invention mainly uses the structure of a piston set composed of the main piston 20 and the externally attached piston 30 in the cylinder 10. When the piston set moves in the up and down stroke inside the cylinder 10, the externally attached piston 30 can open and close the intake port 11 and the exhaust port 12 provided opposite to the cylinder 10. This prevents external leakage of the lubricating oil 171 stored in the crankcase 17. Accordingly, the present invention adopts the lubrication concept of the four stroke engine to overcome the limitation of the two stroke engine, which must add lubricating oil to the fuel to improve the discharge of waste.

Moreover, the characteristic of this invention is as shown in FIG. 8, It has the sealing ring piston ring 21 provided in the skirt part, and the piston ring 21 of the sealing action which the main piston 20 inserted in the top part, The main piston includes a chamber 31 through which the externally attached piston 30 penetrates the inside, a sealing piston ring 32 inserted into the top portion thereof, and a sealing ring 33 inserted into the skirt portion. 20 can be operated up and down in the chamber 31 of the external attachment piston 30, one end of the connecting bar 15 is connected to the piston pin 16, and also connected to the main piston 20 At the same time, the other end of the connecting bar is connected to the crankshaft 18 provided in the crankcase 17 at the bottom of the cylinder 10.

And the tension bar seat 34 provided in the opposing side of the skirt bottom of the outer attachment piston 30 is for connection of one end of the tension bar 35, and the other end of the tension bar 35 is the guide pulley 36 The tension bar 35 is thus arranged with respect to the heart-shaped grooves on both sides of the crankshaft 18 using the guide pulley 36 to drive the external attachment piston 30 in a vertical stroke. do. The heart-shaped grooves are annular grooves on each side of the crankshaft 18, and are concave or convex, or a combination of these types, such as uneven wheels, and a large part whose half has the same axis as the crankshaft 18. Of the annular grooves 41, and the other half forms two small annular grooves 42A and 42B which do not have the same shaft center as the crankshaft 18 on each side. The bottom 43 of the groove close to the crankshaft 18 shaft center is set between the openings of the two small annular grooves 42A and 42B, and the inside of the cylinder 10 is formed in two stages. The cylinder bore 10A is the same as the outer diameter of the main piston 20, and the cylinder bore 10B of the second stage is the same as the outer diameter of the outer attachment piston 30. In addition, the inlet 11 and the exhaust port 12 on both sides facing the cylinder 10 are provided on the cylinder bore 10B of the second stage.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 6 and 7, in this position the crankshaft 18 drives the main piston 20 via the connecting bar 15 to the cylinder bore 10A of the first stage of the cylinder 10. Ascending into, the main piston 20 seals the gasoline that has been compressed and mixed through a piston ring 21 fitted at its top. At this time, the two heart-shaped grooves provided on both sides of the crankshaft 18 are pressed against the guide pulley 36 of the tension bar 35 by using the large annular groove 41, and the tension bar 35 is externally provided. The piston ring 32 and the blocking ring, which are held at the apex of the cylinder bore 10B of the second stage of the cylinder 10 of the attachment piston 30, are fitted to the top and skirt portions of the external attachment piston 30, respectively. 33 is located around the inlet 11 and the exhaust port 12 positions (above and just below the inlet and exhaust ports, respectively) to store the lubricating oil 171 stored in the crankcase 17. It prevents leaking out from the exhaust port 12. As shown in FIG. 3, in this position, the main piston 20 is pushed downward and moved to the chamber 31 of the externally attached piston 30 by exploding by adding and mixing gasoline compressed to the spark plug 19 in this position. Enter. In addition, although the main piston 20 of the downward stroke turns the crankshaft 18 by 90 degrees counterclockwise with the connecting bar 15, the tension bar 35 connected to both sides of the external attachment piston 30 at this time is carried out. The guide pulley 36 is located in the large annular groove 41 of the heart-shaped groove. For this reason, the tension bar 35 does not cooperate with the main piston 20 and is still in a position to seal the intake port 11 and the exhaust port 12.

As shown in FIG. 4, in this position the main piston 20 can continue to rotate the crankshaft 18 180 degrees counterclockwise by the connecting bar 15 in a downward stroke. At this time, the guide pulley 36 of the tension bar 35 on both sides of the external attachment piston 30 moves from the small annular groove 42B to the bottom 43 of the heart-shaped groove, so that the tension bar 35 is externally attached. The piston 30 is pulled and moved downward simultaneously with the main piston 20 to open the inlet port 11 and the exhaust port 12. As shown in FIG. 5, in this position, the crankshaft 18 pivots about 270 degrees in the counterclockwise direction, propels the main piston 20, moves upwards simultaneously with the externally attached piston 30, and the cylinder 10. The inlet 11 and the exhaust ports 11, 12 are closed again by the external attachment piston 30, and return to the position shown in FIG. . The crankshaft 18 completes one rotation (360 degrees), and the main piston 20 again causes the compressed gasoline to advance upwards. From the foregoing, the piston set structure composed of the main piston 20 and the externally mounted piston 30 prevents leakage through the inlet port 11 and the exhaust port 12 of the lubricating oil 171 in the crankcase 17. The four-stroke engine concept is used to solve the exhaust pollution problem in two-stroke engines that must add lubricant to the fuel. In addition, the external attachment piston 30 is provided on both sides of the cylinder 10 through the angle change of the large annular groove 41 and the two small annular grooves 42A and 42B provided on both sides of the crankshaft 18. The inlet 11 and the exhaust 12 which face each other are closed early, and the external leakage of the mixed gasoline in the cylinder 10 is prevented, and the external attachment piston 30 increases the intake amount, thereby increasing the compression ratio and output. .

See FIGS. 9 and 10. These figures show the gas flow in different sections of the one-way independent air passage of the present invention. The one-way independent air passage 50 has a throttle valve 51 and a first check valve 52 at its inlet and is provided with a second check valve 53 and a third check valve 54 installed on the way to the crankcase 17. The end of the one-way independent air passage 50 is connected to the intake port 11 of the cylinder 10, and a fuel injection nozzle 55 or carburetor 56 is provided in the middle thereof. Accordingly, the volume of the one-way independent air passage 50 is determined by the intake volume in the crankcase 17 due to the upstroke to the top of the main piston 20 and the external attachment piston 30 in the cylinder 10. Is determined. As shown in FIG. 9, when the upward stroke of the main piston 20 and the externally attached piston 30 reaches its peak (compression, ignition), the same intake volume from the crankcase 17 is equal to the crankcase 17. The internal air pressure is lowered to open the second check valve 53 and allow the outside air to enter the one-way independent air passage 50 through the independent air passage 50 (X mark).

As shown in FIG. 10, when the main piston 20 and the external attachment piston 30 descend to reach the low point (explosion, exhaust) in the cylinder 10, the air in the crankcase 17 is compressed. By closing the first check valve 52 and the second check valve 53, and opening the third check valve 54, the lubricated fuel (○ mark) mixed in the crankcase 17 is transferred to the one-way independent air passage ( 50 into the cylinder 10 via the fuel injection nozzle 55 or the carburetor 56 and the inlet 11 by extruding the outside air (X mark) already present in the one-way independent air passage 50. Push out. In this manner, the present invention controls the one-way flow in the air passage using the first check valve 52, the second check valve 53, and the third check valve 54, so that the external air (X mark) Inflow gasoline (○ mark) sequentially. As a result, gasoline (marked ○) in the crankcase circulates forever in the one-way independent air passage 50 and the crankcase 17 forever, and extraterrestrial air (X mark) enters the independent air passage 50. Thereafter, it does not enter the crankcase 17 and instead reaches the cylinder 10 via the fuel injection nozzle 55 or the carburetor 56 and the intake port 11.

Reference is made to FIG. 11 which shows the piston set and direct fuel injection system of the present invention. The oil supply system consists of an oil pump 60, a check valve 62, a one-way regulating valve 63 and a gasoline pipeline 61 connected therebetween. The oil pump 60 is driven by the turning of the heart-shaped grooves on both sides of the crankshaft 18 so that the standard mixed fuel is sucked into the oil pump 60 via the inlet pipe 631 and the one-way control valve 63. After pressurization of the oil pump 60, fuel is injected into the cylinder via the check valve 62 and the fuel injection nozzle 55. The valve body 621 of the check valve 62 is urged by the compression spring 622 at the rear thereof to close the valve port 623 and prevent the back flow of fuel in the fuel injection nozzle 55.

See also FIG. 11 and its A-A cross-sectional view. Four surfaces of the valve body 621 are four planes. When the oil pump 60 opens the start valve port 623 by forcing a predetermined amount of gasoline to push the valve body 621 backward, the gasoline can pass through the gap 624 above the four planes. And from the check valve 62 to the fuel injection nozzle 55. Reference is made to the cross section taken along line B-B in FIG. The one-way regulating valve 63 penetrates the pressure adjusting screw 636 at its front end, the gasoline inlet pipe 631 at the side, the gasoline pipe 61 at the rear connected to the oil pump 60, and the valve body 633. Has a valve bar 632. Four planes are provided on the four surfaces of the valve bar 632 and the valve body 633. Compressed gasoline enters the one-way regulating valve 63 through the inlet duct 631 and flows between the gaps 634 on the plane of the four sides in the valve bar 632 to move the valve bar 632 forward. The gasoline flows in one direction into the gasoline pipeline 61. When the oil pump 60 pumps gasoline in the gasoline pipeline 61 into the check valve 62 and the pressure increases, the valve body 623 and the valve bar 632 of the one-way control valve 63 can be retracted. . This allows the pressurized gasoline to flow back through the gap 635 on the four sides of the valve body 633 to the interior of the one-way control valve 63 and then back to the fuel tank via the inlet pipe 631. In this way it is possible for the fuel injection nozzle 55 to stably and directly inject gasoline into the cylinder 10.

See FIG. The present invention uses a piston set that moves at the same time and is extended with a lubricant pump. The oil pump system includes an oil pump 70, a fuel supply check valve port 71 and a fuel discharge check valve port 72. The oil pump 70 is driven by the tension bars 35 of the heart-shaped grooves or externally attached pistons 30 on both sides of the rotating crankshaft 18.

Reference is made to Figs. 13 and 14 showing the relationship between the connecting structure of the externally mounted piston and the cylinder of the present invention and the piston ring of the main piston. The corrugated convex flange 80 is provided at the top end of the chamber 31 of the external attachment piston 30. Further, a corrugated concave flange 81 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder bore 10A at the first end of the cylinder 10. When the external attachment piston 30 is at the top position of the cylinder bore 10B of the second stage of the cylinder 10, the corrugated convex flange 80 provided at the top of the chamber 31 is the cylinder bore of the first stage. It is inserted into the corrugated concave flange 81 provided in the bottom part of 10A. In this way, a wavy contact surface is formed (as shown in FIG. 14). When the main piston 20 together with the external attachment piston 30 moves up or down in the chamber 31 of the external attachment piston 30, the piston ring 21 is connected to the external attachment piston 30 and the first. The piston ring 21 of the main piston 20 will not be caught in the groove because it smoothly passes through the interface of the stage cylinder bore 10A.

In summary, the engine of the present invention improves the waste discharge of the two-stroke engine without the complicated valve structure of the four-stroke engine, and increases the horsepower of the cylinder by increasing the intake amount and compression ratio of the cylinder. It also has the advantage of using a direct fuel injection system without a carburetor.

1 shows the structure of a known two-stroke engine.

2 is a view showing the structure of the engine of the present invention (compression, ignition position).

3 is a view showing the structure of the engine of the present invention (the moment of explosion, the leading downward stroke of the main piston).

4 is a view showing the structure of the engine of the present invention (exhaust, intake position).

Fig. 5 shows the structure of the engine of the present invention (externally attached piston closes the inlet and exhaust ports, and also preliminary compression of the upstroke of the main piston).

Figure 6 is a side view of the piston set and the crankshaft rotatably connected of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a front view of the piston set and the crankshaft pin of the present invention rotatably connected.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the piston set of the present invention coupled.

Fig. 9 is a view showing the divided intake flow of the one-way independent air passage of the present invention.

10 is a diagram illustrating a divided intake flow of a one-way independent air passage of the present invention.

11 illustrates a direct fuel injection system in a cylinder of the present invention.

12 shows an oil pump system of the lubrication device of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a view showing a connection structure between an externally attached piston and a cylinder bore of a first stage of a cylinder of the present invention.

14 shows the piston ring action of the connection structure and main piston of FIG. 13;

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: cylinder

10A: cylinder bore of the first stage

10B: cylinder bore of the second stage

11: intake vent

12: air vent

13: piston

14: piston ring

15: connecting bar

16: piston pin

17: crankcase

171: lubricant

18: crankshaft

19: spark plug

20: main piston

21: piston ring

22: blocking ring

30: external attachment piston

31: chamber

32: piston ring

33: blocking ring

34: tension bar sheet

35: tension bar

36: guide pulley

41: large annular groove

42A: Miniature annular groove

42B: compact annular groove

43: Low

50: one-way independent air passage

51: throttle valve

52: first check valve

53: second check valve

54: third check valve

55: fuel injection nozzle

56: carburetor

60: oil pump

61: gasoline pipeline

62: check valve

621: valve body

622: compression spring

623: valve port

624: gap

63: one-way control valve

631: gasoline inlet pipe

632: valve bar

633: valve body

634: valve bar clearance

635: valve body clearance

636: pressure adjustment screw

70: oil pump

71: fuel supply check valve port

72: fuel discharge check valve port

80: corrugated convex flange

81: corrugated concave flange

82: corrugated contact surface

Claims (9)

In the cylinder, a piston set consisting of a main piston and an externally attached piston is arranged, the externally attached piston is disposed outside of the main piston, and the externally attached piston is connected to the crankshaft at the bottom of the cylinder using tension bars on both sides. An engine characterized in that it is connected to a heart-shaped groove provided on both sides and moves up and down with the main piston. The engine according to claim 1, wherein a blocking ring for preventing leakage of lubricant oil through an inlet and an exhaust port is provided in a skirt portion of the main piston or the externally attached piston of the piston set. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the heart-shaped grooves provided on both sides of the crankshaft for driving the externally mounted piston in a vertical stroke are composed of a large annular groove and two small annular grooves. 2. An engine according to claim 1, wherein the heart-shaped grooves on both sides of the crankshaft are concave or convex, or a combination thereof. 2. An engine according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder bore in the cylinder is two-stage, and the cylinder bore has two different inner diameters. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the crankcase of the cylinder bottom part is connected to a one-way independent air passage so as to control the flow direction of the gas. The engine of claim 1, wherein gas in the crankcase at the bottom of the cylinder flows through the one-way independent air passage to the cylinder or exits the crankcase and reenters the cylinder. The fuel injection system of claim 1, wherein the direct fuel injection system for injecting the cylinder includes an oil pump, a check valve, and a one-way control valve, and power for driving the oil pump is provided at both sides of the crankshaft in the crankcase at the bottom of the cylinder. An engine, characterized in that generated by the rotation of the mold groove. 6. An engine according to claim 5, wherein the contact surface of the externally attached piston and the cylinder bore of the first stage is corrugated.

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