KR101330143B1 - Method of testing can gateway - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and a method for automatically testing a CAN gateway based on a CAN gateway specification. The system of the present invention on the system for automatically testing the CAN gateway relaying an original CAN gateway to a target CAN gateway according to the CAN specification comprises a frame generator for automatically generating the content of a CAN frame tested according to the CAN gateway specification; a frame transmitter for transmitting the content of the generated CAN frame to the original CAN network; a CAN frame collector for recording logs by collecting the all CAN frames transmitted via the CAN network; and a CAN log analyzer for collecting statistics by arranging test results according to test verification categories and by analyzing the recorded logs. The CAN gateway automatic test method and the CAN gateway automatic test system according to the present invention can reduce manpower costs and time costs for executing the function test of the CAN gateway by automatically executing the test of the CAN gateway and for reducing the manpower costs and the time costs for arranging and verifying the function test result of the CAN gateway. [Reference numerals] (102) First CAN network;(104) Second CAN network;(110) CAN frame generator;(120) CAN frame transmitter;(130) CAN frame collector;(140) CAN log analyzer;(20) CAN gateway;(22) CAN gateway item;(AA,BB) CAN frame;(CC) CAN frame log

Description

CAN Gateway Automated Test Method {METHOD OF TESTING CAN GATEWAY}

The present invention relates to a test method of a CAN gateway for mediating a CAN network used in automobiles, and more particularly, to a method for automatically testing a CAN gateway based on a CAN gateway specification.

Modern cars are equipped with many electronic devices. Each electronic device in a car exchanges information with each other using a physical communication technique called a controller area network (CAN) to operate in conjunction with each other. CAN communication (Controller Area Network) is a standard communication standard designed to allow microcontrollers or devices to communicate with each other without a host computer in a vehicle.It is connected using two-pair twisted wires and is not an address using half-duplex communication. It is a message-based protocol for transmitting messages by ID, and is now often used not only in vehicles but also in industrial automation and medical equipment.

CAN does not have high bandwidth for frame transmission, so if many electronic devices are connected to one CAN, it will not be able to transmit the frame properly. Therefore, in a car, rather than connecting all the electronic equipment to a single CAN, the network is composed of several CANs to transmit frames for the purpose of the electronic equipment, thereby lowering the required transmission bandwidth of a single CAN. In this case, when the CAN is divided into multiple CANs, electronic devices connected to different CAN networks cannot receive frames from electronic devices connected to different CAN networks, and thus CAN transmits frames between CAN networks and CAN networks. There is a gateway.

Therefore, if the CAN gateway is not working properly, it is very important to verify that the CAN gateway is functioning correctly because most of the functions of the car will not work because frames cannot be transferred from one CAN to another.

However, in the related art, a technology for automatically testing a CAN gateway is insufficient, which requires a lot of manpower and time for testing the function of the CAN gateway, and a manpower and time for verifying and arranging the functional test results of the CAN gateway. There was this.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a CAN gateway automatic test method capable of automatically verifying the main functions based on the CAN gateway specification.

In order to achieve the above object, the system of the present invention is a system for automatically testing a CAN gateway that mediates a source CAN network and a target CAN network according to a CAN gateway specification, and a CAN frame to be tested according to the CAN gateway specification. A frame generator to automatically generate the contents of the; A frame transmitter for transmitting the contents of the generated CAN frame to the original CAN network; A CAN frame collector for collecting and recording all CAN frames transmitted over the CAN network; And a CAN log analyzer that analyzes the recorded logs and organizes the test results according to test verification items and performs statistical processing.

The CAN gateway specification includes source network, delivery specification, and destination network information. The delivery specification has a delivery type, a delay time, a timeout time, a timeout value, a value change rule, and the frame generator is a test. Describes CAN frames in script form.

In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention comprises the steps of: generating a test input CAN frame; Executing a CAN gateway test, sending a test frame to the CAN gateway; Collecting a CAN frame; Terminating the test and analyzing the test result to determine each verification item; And analyzing the test results to calculate statistics and generating a report.

The determination step for each verification item is determined by verifying the delay time, value change, cycle time, Low Speed CAN transmission cycle, repetitive transmission, and timeout items.

The procedure for verifying the delay time includes calculating an allowable delay time, analyzing a message, measuring a delay time in units of frames if the message type is direct, and changing a CAN signal value if the message type is indirect. Measuring the delay time of the point, comparing the measurement delay time with the allowable delay time, and storing the verification result.

The procedure for verifying the value change includes calculating an expected value, analyzing a message, measuring a value in units of frames if the message type is direct, and measuring a value of a CAN signal value changed if the message type is indirect. The method includes measuring a value, comparing the measured value with an expected value, and storing a verification result.

The procedure for verifying the periodic time includes calculating an allowable cycle time, analyzing a message, measuring a cycle time if the message type is cyclic, comparing the measured cycle time with the allowable cycle time, And storing the verification result.

The procedure for verifying the low speed CAN transmission cycle may include calculating an allowable cycle time, analyzing a message, measuring the cycle time if the message type is cyclic and the interface type is low speed CAN, and measuring the cycle time. And comparing the allowable cycle time, and storing the verification result.

The procedure for verifying repetitive transmission includes calculating a repetitive transmission allowance time, analyzing a message, measuring a repetitive transmission completion time when the message type is on change or cyclic on change, and measuring transmission completion time Comparing with the transmission allowable time, and storing the verification result.

The procedure for verifying the timeout includes analyzing a timeout period, analyzing a message, and measuring a transmitted value when the message delivery type is indirect and the target network transmission type is cyclic or cyclic on change. And verifying the transmitted value and verifying that the timeout value is output in the timeout period or the timeout value is not output in the non-timeout period, and storing the verification result.

The CAN gateway automatic test method according to the present invention can reduce the manpower and time cost for performing the functional test of the CAN gateway by automatically performing the test of the CAN gateway based on the CAN gateway specification, and automatically report the test result report It also reduces the manpower and time costs for creating and validating and arranging functional test results for CAN gateways.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a CAN gateway automatic test system according to the present invention;
2 is a view showing the structure of a CAN 2.0A frame applied to the present invention,
3 is a view showing the structure of a CAN 2.0B frame applied to the present invention,
4 is a flow chart illustrating a procedure for automatically testing a CAN gateway in accordance with the present invention;
5 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a delay time characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention;
6 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a cycle time characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention;
7 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a value change characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention;
8 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a low speed CAN transmission cycle characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention;
9 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a repetitive transmission characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention;
10 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a timeout characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a CAN gateway automatic test system according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a view showing the structure of a CAN 2.0A frame applied to the present invention, Figure 3 is applied to the present invention CAN 2.0 It is a figure which shows the structure of B frame.

A system for automatically testing a CAN gateway 20 that mediates a first CAN network 102 and a second CAN network 104 in accordance with a CAN gateway specification 22 according to the present invention is shown in FIG. A frame generator 110 for automatically generating the contents of a CAN frame to be tested according to the CAN gateway specification, a frame transmitter 120 for transmitting the contents of the generated CAN frames to the first CAN network 102, and a CAN network. The CAN frame collector 130 collects and logs all CAN frames transmitted through the CAN frame analyzer, and the CAN log analyzer 140 analyzes the recorded logs and organizes the test results according to the CAN gateway specification and test verification. It consists of.

Referring to FIG. 1, the frame generator 110 describes a CAN frame in a test script format as shown in Table 1 below.

CAN_signal_A.write (1);
CAN_signal_B.write (2);
Wait 100;

CAN_signal_A.write (0);
CAN_signal_B.write (0);
Wait 100;

According to the CAN protocol, there are four types of CAN message frames: data frame, remote frame, error frame, and overload frame. The standard data frame 2.0A has an 11-bit ID as shown in FIG. The data frame 2.0B has an ID of 29 bits as shown in FIG. 2 and 3, a start of frame (SOF) means a start of a frame, a remote transmissoin request (RTR) distinguishes a data frame from a remote frame, and a data length code (DLC) has a maximum size of 8 bytes. Represents the number of data bytes.

In order to test each CAN message item described in the CAN gateway specification, the CAN message transmitter 120 does not transmit other messages except for the CAN message to be tested. This is because the operation of the CAN gateway 20 cannot be predicted if many frames exist on the network. In addition, in order to check whether the CAN gateway 20 transfers the received frame well, a CAN frame is generated by selecting a data value different from the data value of the CAN signal, and the number of generated transmission frames is defined by the user. For example, defining five circuits transmits CAN frames for five changed data values for each CAN signal.

For a particular CAN message, when the message has not been delivered to the CAN gateway 20 for a predetermined time, the operation of stopping all messages and resuming transmission for the time required to confirm that a timeout value is transmitted from the gateway 20. Also perform.

In addition, the CAN gateway 20 needs a CAN gateway specification 22, which is information on which kind of frame should be delivered to which CAN. An example of such a CAN gateway specification 22 is shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2 is an example of a CAN gateway specification, which includes source CAN network, delivery specification, and destination CAN network information, and the delivery specification shows delivery type, delay time, timeout time, timeout value, and value change rule items. Giving. Looking at the first line of the gateway specification, when the CAN gateway receives a CAN frame of message ID 0x0288 from the "Network A" network described in the source network, it forwards it to the CAN frame of message ID 0x3671 in "Network B" described in the target network. . Looking at the second line, if a CAN frame with message ID 0x0441 is received from the “Network C” network described in the original CAN network, the CAN signal of “Start Position” 1 included in the message is sent to the “Network A” network described in the destination network. The CAN signal with ID 0x3745 is passed to the CAN signal with “Start Position” 0.

4 is a flow chart illustrating a procedure for automatically testing a CAN gateway in accordance with the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the procedure for automatically testing the CAN gateway according to the present invention includes generating a test input CAN frame (S1), performing a CAN gateway 20 test (S2), Sending a test frame to the CAN gateway 20, collecting the CAN frame (S3, S4), and when the test is terminated by analyzing the test result to determine for each verification item (S5, S6), and the test result Analyzing to generate statistics and generate a report (S7).

Referring to FIG. 4, the gateway specification 22 shows a list of CAN messages that the CAN gateway 20 should deliver. Accordingly, in the test input CAN frame generation step S1, the CAN frame generator 110 generates a test frame to be transmitted from the specification 22 to the CAN gateway 20.

When starting to perform the test of the CAN gateway, the step (S2, S3) of transmitting the test frame to the CAN gateway 20 is the network frame 102 receives the test frame received by the CAN frame generator 120 from the CAN frame generator 110 To send. At this time, when the CAN gateway 20 receives the test frame, it transmits the CAN frame to the target network 104 shown in the specification 22.

In the CAN frame acquisition step S4, CAN frame acquisition is performed at the same time as the gateway test is started. The CAN frames of all networks 102 and 104 connected to the CAN gateway 20 while transmitting test frames to the CAN gateway 20 are collected by the CAN frame collector 130 and recorded in a database in a log file.

The test result analysis step (S5, S6) performs the verification for each verification item, the CAN frame log information collected while performing the test is transmitted to the CAN log analyzer 140 is analyzed. Since the CAN log information stores the network, time, frame ID, length, and value of the CAN frame transmission, it can analyze the information of the frame transmitted to the CAN gateway and the information of the frame transmitted by the CAN gateway. In order to check whether the function of the CAN gateway 20 operates correctly, it is determined whether the items specified in the gateway specification 22 pass the verification items in Table 3 in order.

Delay time
Value change
Cycle time
Low Speed CAN Transmission Cycle Verification
Repeat transfer
Timeout

In the result statistics calculation and report generation step (S7), the CAN message and the test results determined for each verification item in the gateway specification 22 are summarized to calculate the statistics as shown in Table 4 below. The number of judgment attempts and the number of passes / failures for each judgment are generated as a result, and information about the cause of failure is provided when the judgment is failed. The test result is finally generated as a report.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a delay characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, the delay time verification procedure according to the present invention includes calculating the allowable delay time (S11), analyzing the message (S12), and if the message type is direct, delay time in units of frames. Measuring (S13, S14), measuring the delay time at the point where the data value of the CAN signal is changed when the message type is indirect (S15, S16), and comparing the measurement delay time with the allowable delay time (S17). ) And storing the verification result (S18).

Referring to FIG. 5, latency verification is performed to determine whether the CAN gateway 20 is capable of delivering CAN frames within a predetermined time from the source network 102 to the destination network 104 for the CAN messages described in the gateway specification 22. The item to check.

The allowable delay time is obtained from (delay value described in the specification) + (message cycle time of the target network) + tolerance. If the message transmission type of the target network is not "cyclic" or "cyclic on change", the cycle time is regarded as 0, and the tolerance is input from the user.

It is only checked if a delay time entry is specified in the gateway specification, and the message of the corresponding destination network until the "time when the corresponding message of the source network first appears" + "cycle time of the destination network message is ignored.

If the message transmission type of the target network is not “cyclic” or “cyclic on change”, the cycle time is considered to be 0. If the message transmission type is “direct”, the delay time is measured in units of frames. ”, Measure the delay time at the point where the value of the CAN signal is changed. In addition, the frame of the corresponding target network of the timeout period is ignored.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a cycle time characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the periodic time verification procedure according to the present invention includes calculating an allowable cycle time (S21), analyzing a message (S22), and measuring a cycle time if the message type is cyclic. (S23, S24) and the step of comparing the measurement cycle time and the allowable cycle time (S25) and the step of storing the verification results (S26).

Referring to FIG. 6, a cycle time is an item for checking whether messages of a target network are transmitted according to a cycle defined in the specification among CAN messages described in the gateway specification.

The allowable cycle time is determined as (cycle time of the message) + (tolerance error) in the cycle time, and the allowable error is input by the user. Ignore all cases where the message delivery type is "direct".

All frames of the source network are ignored and only frames of the target network are measured. At this time, messages whose message type is not “cyclic” or “cyclic on change” are ignored.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a data value change characteristic of a CAN signal in a CAN gateway according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, the procedure of verifying the value change of the CAN signal according to the present invention includes calculating an expected data value of the CAN signal (S31), analyzing the message (S32), and if the message type is direct. Measuring a value in units of frames (S33 and S34); if the message type is indirect, measuring a data value at a point where the data value of the CAN signal is changed (S35 and S36); and measuring the measured data value and the expected data value. Comparing step (S37) and the step of storing the verification results (S38).

Referring to FIG. 7, the value change verification step of the CAN signal checks whether the CAN gateway 20 correctly transmits the value of the CAN signal from the source CAN network to the target CAN network for the CAN messages described in the gateway specification 22. If a value change rule is described in the gateway specification 22, it is determined in consideration of this. In addition, messages from the corresponding target CAN network up to (the time the corresponding message of the original CAN network first appeared + the cycle time of the target network) are ignored.

If the transmission type of the message of the target CAN network is not “cyclic” or “cyclic on change”, the cycle time is regarded as 0. If the message transmission type is “direct”, check whether the value is transmitted correctly in frame unit. In case of “indirect”, only the value at the point where the value of CAN signal is changed is checked.

Even if the transmission is confirmed on the source CAN network, the value change is not checked for messages that are not delivered to the destination CAN network. Frames of the corresponding target CAN network in the timeout period are ignored.

8 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a low speed CAN transmission cycle characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, the low speed CAN transmission cycle verification procedure according to the present invention includes calculating an allowable cycle time (S41), analyzing a message (S42), and having a message type of cyclic and an interface type. In the case of Low Speed CAN, the method includes a step (S43) of measuring a cycle time, a step (S44) of comparing a measurement cycle time with an allowable cycle time, and a step (S45) of storing a verification result.

Referring to FIG. 8, the low speed CAN transmission cycle verification procedure checks whether the target CAN network to be transmitted among the CAN messages described in the gateway specification 22 is being transmitted without being over a limited period in the case of “low speed CAN”. Item.

The permissible transmission time is (low speed CAN permissible transmission time), and the low speed CAN permissible transmission time is entered by the user. If the message delivery type is "direct", it is ignored and measured only when the message interface type is "low speed". All frames of the original CAN network are ignored, only frames of the target CAN network are measured, and messages whose transmission type is not "cyclic" or "cyclic on change" are ignored.

9 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying the repetitive transmission characteristics of a CAN gateway according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 9, the iterative transmission verification procedure according to the present invention includes calculating a repeat transmission allowance time (S51), analyzing a message (S52), and if the message type is on change or cyclic on change. In the case of repeating the transmission completion time measurement step (S53), the measurement transmission completion time and the transmission allowance time comparison step (S54), and stores the verification result (S55).

Referring to FIG. 9, an iterative transmission verification procedure is an item for confirming whether additional frames of the CAN network described in the gateway specification 22 further transmit the number of frames defined in the specification when a value is changed. to be.

If the value of the frame is changed, “No. The frame shall be transmitted within the repetitive transmission time by the number of repetition ”. At this time, the repetitive transmission time is set to (“cycletimefast” + tolerance) * (“No. Of repetition”).

The frame of the original CAN network is ignored and ignored if the transmission type of the target CAN network message is not "on change" or "cyclic on change". The “No. If repetition ”or“ cycletimefast ”is 0, it is ignored, and if the message delivery type is“ direct ”, it is ignored.

10 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for verifying a timeout characteristic of a CAN gateway according to the present invention.

In the timeout verification procedure according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, a step S61 of analyzing a timeout period, a step S62 of analyzing a message, a message delivery type of indirect, and a target CAN network transmission are performed. If the type is cyclic or cyclic on change, measuring the transmitted value (S63) and checking the transmitted value to see if the timeout value is output in the timeout period or the timeout value is not in the timeout period. Verification step (S64), and storing the verification results (S65).

Referring to FIG. 10, the timeout verification is an item for checking whether CAN values described in the gateway specification 22 are correctly transmitted when a timeout setting exists in the specification when a timeout setting exists.

Ignore if the message forwarding type is “direct” and ignore if the message of the source CAN network and the transport type of the destination CAN network are not “cyclic” or “cyclic on change”.

If the timeout time and the timeout value are not set in the gateway specification 22, it is ignored, and all frames of the target CAN network before the frame of the corresponding message of the original CAN network are transmitted are ignored.

For example, the timeout value determination section is as follows. When the actual timeout interval is (a, b), the timeout value should be transmitted in the (a + tolerance, b-tolerance) interval, and the (a-tolerance, a + tolerance) interval and (b- Tolerance, b + tolerance). In other words, it is the change part from the time-out state to the normal state, so it is passed without inspection.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

20: CAN Gateway 22: CAN Gateway Specification
110: CAN frame generator 120: CAN frame transmitter
130: CAN frame collector 140: CAN log analyzer

Claims (10)

delete delete Test input Generate CAN frame, run CAN gateway test, send test frame to CAN gateway, collect CAN frame, finish test and analyze the test result to CAN in original CAN network The CAN gateway includes the step of judging each verification item to confirm that the CAN frame transmitted to the gateway is correctly delivered to the target CAN network according to the CAN gateway specification, and analyzing the test results to generate statistics and generate a report. In the automated test method,
Determining for each verification item
Delay time, change in the data value of the CAN signal included in the CAN frame, cycle time, low speed CAN transmission cycle, iterative transmission, and timeout items are verified and determined,
The procedure for verifying the delay time
Calculating an allowable delay time;
Analyzing the message,
If the message type is direct, measuring delay time in units of frames;
If the message type is indirect, measuring the delay time at the point where the data value of the CAN signal is changed;
Comparing the measurement delay with the allowable delay,
The CAN gateway automatic test method comprising the step of storing the verification results. delete delete The method of claim 3, wherein the verifying of the change in the data value of the CAN signal included in the CAN frame is performed.
Calculating an expected data value of the CAN signal,
Analyzing the message,
If the message type is direct, measuring the data value of the CAN signal in units of frames;
If the message type is indirect, measuring the data value at the point where the data value of the CAN signal is changed;
Comparing the measured data value of the CAN signal with the expected data value of the CAN signal,
Consists of storing the verification results
The CAN gateway automatic test method for checking the CAN messages described in the CAN gateway specification from the original CAN network to the target CAN network to correctly transmit data values of CAN signals. delete delete delete 4. The procedure of claim 3, wherein the procedure for verifying the timeout is
Analyzing the timeout interval;
Analyzing the message,
Measuring the transmitted data value when the message delivery type is indirect and the target CAN network transmission type is cyclic or cyclic on change;
Verifying whether the timeout value is output in the timeout period or the timeout value is not in the non-timeout period by checking the transmitted data value;
The CAN gateway automatic test method comprising the step of storing the verification results.

Images