KR101328584B1 - Tri-gen system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a fuel cell stack including a fuel electrode, a polymer electrolyte membrane, an air electrode, and a cooling unit; A fuel supply unit supplying fuel to the anode; A fuel cell generator comprising: a water tank connected to the cooling unit and a water circulation pipe; and the air introduced from the outside and the air introduced from the outside are dried and cooled by the indoor air introduced from the room to be high temperature and high humidity air. Divided into discharged outside air; A moisture carrier which captures moisture in the indoor air flowing along the interior air and transports it to the outside air; A heat exchanger installed in the outside air and connected to the cooling unit and a water circulation pipe to heat the outside air by heat-exchanging water absorbing heat while passing through the cooling unit; The outside air is heated by the heat exchanger in the outside zone, and desorbs and separates moisture from the moisture carrier to regenerate the moisture carrier and discharged as high temperature and high humidity air, and is discharged from the outside air of the regenerative air conditioner. It provides a triple cogeneration system including an air supply pipe for supplying hot and humid air to the cathode of the fuel cell stack.

Description

Triple Cogeneration System {TRI-GEN SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a tri-generation system (TRI-GEN SYSTEM) that can simultaneously produce three types of energy, electricity, heating, cooling using one energy source, more specifically, using a fuel cell The present invention relates to a triple cogeneration system that produces heat and can use the generated heat for cooling as well as heating.

Since the oil surge of the 1970s, the combined heat and power generation system (CHP) has expanded in countries around the world. The cogeneration system is a system that produces power and heat simultaneously from a single energy source and is called a total energy system. By recovering the waste heat generated by power generation to produce heating and hot water, it is possible to increase the overall heat efficiency of energy. In recent years, interest in cogeneration systems has increased, and home-based micro-generation cogeneration systems have been introduced along with regional-based small and medium-sized cogeneration systems. To supply.

The cogeneration system has recently attracted attention not only in terms of energy use efficiency but also in terms of power supply and demand stabilization.

Looking at the trend of electricity consumption in Korea, the peak of electricity usage peaks in August, when the air conditioner usage is high. Recently, as the use of electric heaters increases, power demand similar to or slightly lower than that of August occurs. Doing. For stable power supply, the power output must be able to maintain a stable power reserve relative to the peak of peak power usage. However, in recent years, as the amount of power used increases, the peak peak of power usage is approaching the amount of electricity produced, and discussions are underway to build additional power plants for stable power supply. However, the construction of power plants is expensive, and there is a risk of causing environmental problems.

In terms of stabilization of power supply and demand, cogeneration systems are attracting attention. The introduction of micro-generation cogeneration systems for regional or home use leads to decentralization of power supply, and to provide electricity at national level by producing electricity that meets the demand with high efficiency Stability can be achieved.

However, in the conventional cogeneration system, various methods for increasing heating efficiency by using heat generated together with electric energy in a heater have been studied. However, a practical method of making cooling capacity by directly using waste heat as a driving source of a cooler has been studied. It is not ready yet. For example, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2006-0066436 discloses a cooling and heating apparatus using waste heat of a fuel cell. The waste heat recovered from the fuel cell and the hydrogen reformer is provided to the suction line of the compressor of the cooling and heating unit to provide a refrigerant temperature. It only provides a way to increase the heating performance and efficiency during heating operation. Therefore, the conventional cogeneration system is impossible to use efficiently in summer, and therefore, the cogeneration system is not normally operated in summer.

In recent years, it solves the limitations of the conventional Co-Generation system that simultaneously produces electricity and heating energy using one energy source, and triples the efficiency of comprehensive energy utilization by directly using the heat generated when producing electricity. The demand for a cogeneration system (TRI-GEN SYSTEM) is increasing, there is an urgent need for measures to achieve this.

The present invention provides a triple cogeneration system in which a heat source generated in an electric energy production process using a fuel cell is directly used to drive a cooler, and high temperature and high humidity air discarded from the cooler is used in a fuel cell to improve energy use efficiency. It aims to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fuel cell stack including a fuel electrode, a polymer electrolyte membrane, an air electrode, and a cooling unit; A fuel supply unit supplying fuel to the anode; The fuel cell generator including the water tank connected to the cooling unit and the water circulation pipe, and the indoor air introduced from the inside of the room is dried and cooled and discharged back into the room and the air introduced from the outside becomes high temperature and humid air. Divided into outer air being; A moisture carrier which captures moisture in the indoor air flowing along the interior air and transports it to the outside air; A heat exchanger installed in the outside air and connected to the cooling unit and a water circulation pipe to heat the outside air by heat-exchanging water absorbing heat while passing through the cooling unit; The outside air is heated by the heat exchanger in the outside zone, and desorbs and separates moisture from the moisture carrier to regenerate the moisture carrier and discharged as high temperature and high humidity air, and is discharged from the outside air of the regenerative air conditioner. It provides a triple cogeneration system including an air supply pipe for supplying hot and humid air to the cathode of the fuel cell stack.

According to the present invention, the air supply pipe further includes an air mixing valve for controlling the mixing of the air introduced from the outside and the high temperature and high humidity while passing through the outside air, the air cathode mixed air from the air mixing valve Is fed through the air supply line.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the regenerative air conditioner includes a partition plate for dividing an interior into an internal air and an external air, and the heat exchange part absorbs heat from the cooling part and flows into the water circulation pipe. The moisture carrier consists of a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the outside air, and the moisture carrier passes through the partition plate and is located in both the inner air zone and the outer air zone and rotates along the rotation axis, thereby trapping moisture in the inner air. It is composed of a dehumidifying rotor that is regenerated in an outside air.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the regenerative air conditioner, the moisture carrier is made of a moisture carrier solution that can be recovered by trapping the moisture in the air while being in contact with air or the captured moisture in the air, It includes a dehumidifier is supplied with cold water for heat exchange, the indoor air is cooled by heat exchange with the cold water and the moisture in the indoor air is trapped in the moisture carrier solution while contacting the moisture carrier solution, the heat exchange unit and the dehumidifier The moisture transport solution is circulated to circulate, and water absorbed heat from the cooling unit is supplied through a water circulation pipe to heat and exchange heat with outside air introduced therein, and the outside air supplied from the dehumidifier is heated. When regenerating moisture transport solution by taking moisture away from moisture transport solution while in contact with transport solution While, the outside consists of a player that is so hot and humid air.

According to the present invention, the dehumidifier or the regenerator is provided between a plurality of flat tubes having a plurality of passages through which water for heat exchange, and the plurality of flat tubes, are folded and extended in a corrugated state, and It includes a corrugated plate that moisture is exchanged in contact with each other as the moisture carrier solution passes.

According to the present invention, the fuel cell generator includes a heater including a heat exchanger for receiving heat absorbed by the cooling unit through heat exchange with the water tank.

According to the triple cogeneration system according to the present invention, it is possible to use the waste heat generated in the fuel cell stack system as a driving source of the cooler, and to improve the efficiency of the fuel cell stack by recycling the high temperature and high humidity air discarded from the cooler. There is an advantage that the overall utilization efficiency is improved.

According to the present invention, since it is possible to make a cooling capacity by directly using the waste heat generated in the fuel cell stack system as a driving source of the air conditioner, the disadvantage of the conventional cogeneration system, that is, heat generated incidentally after the generation of heating and hot water Energy efficiency can be managed efficiently, but the operation rate of the cogeneration system drops sharply during summer, when there is almost no demand for heating and hot water. At the same time, the cogeneration system can increase the operation rate even in summer, which can solve the power shortage in summer so that no additional power plant construction is needed to solve the power shortage. Therefore, it has a huge advantage in terms of national energy management.

1 is a block diagram of a triple cogeneration system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It is a block diagram of the adsorption type air conditioner which is a regenerative air conditioner shown in FIG.
3 is a block diagram of a triple cogeneration system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view for explaining the structure of the dehumidifier and the regenerator in the absorption type air conditioner of the regenerative air conditioner shown in FIG.
5 is a view briefly illustrating the energy utilization relationship between the generator, the air conditioner, and the heater of the triple cogeneration system according to the present invention.
6 is a view for explaining a power operation method of the triple cogeneration system according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a trigeneration cogeneration system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a trigeneration cogeneration system including a fuel cell generator 100, a regenerative air conditioner 200, and a heater 300. have.

According to the present invention, the fuel cell generator 100 includes a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack 110.

The fuel cell stack 110 includes anodes 112 and cathodes 118 around the polymer electrolyte membrane 115 through which hydrogen ions move. Hydrogen as a fuel is supplied to the anode 112. , Air is supplied to the cathode 118. Hydrogen supplied to the anode 112 is decomposed into hydrogen ions (H +) and electrons (e−) on the electrode catalyst, and only hydrogen ions selectively pass through the electrolyte membrane 115 to the cathode 118. Delivered. At the same time, the electrons move to the cathode 118 through the outer conductor, which encounters oxygen in the air supplied to the cathode 118 to generate a reaction. The flow of electrons generated at this time generates current, and heat is generated in the water production reaction.

The fuel cell generator 100 includes the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack 110 as described above, a fuel supply unit 120 supplying fuel to the fuel electrode 112, an air supply unit supplying air to the air electrode 118, and a fuel cell. It includes a cooling unit 130 for absorbing heat generated in the stack.

The fuel supply unit 120 supplies hydrogen, which is a fuel, to the anode 112 of the fuel cell. The fuel supply unit 120 is configured to supply pure hydrogen or to provide a reformer (not shown) to produce and supply hydrogen through reforming using fuel (methanol, ethanol, LPG, or city gas) supplied from the outside. .

The cooling unit 130 functions to absorb and cool the heat generated during power generation in the fuel cell stack 110 through the circulating water. The cooling unit 130 is connected to the heat exchanger 270 of the regenerative air conditioner 200 through the water circulation pipe 135. The heat exchanger 270 of the regenerative air conditioner 200 is a heat exchanger that allows the regenerative air conditioner 200 to recycle the waste heat of the fuel cell stack 110. The water circulation pipe 135 connects the cooling unit 130 of the fuel cell stack 110, the heat exchanger 270 of the regenerative air conditioner 200, and the water tank 150 of the fuel cell generator 100 to each other. As the water circulates, it carries heat.

The air supply unit is provided to supply high temperature and high humidity air to the cathode 118 of the fuel cell stack 110. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells require high temperature and high humidity air for high efficiency operation. In particular, since moisture plays a role as a transport medium for hydrogen ions (H +) in a fuel cell, when moisture is insufficient, the conductivity of hydrogen ions decreases and the contact resistance between the electrode and the electrolyte membrane increases due to shrinkage of the electrolyte membrane. It is a factor that degrades performance. On the contrary, too much moisture causes condensation of moisture on the electrode, causing flotation, which prevents the diffusion of the reaction gas and degrades the performance of the fuel cell. Therefore, for high efficiency operation of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, the air supplied to the cathode 118 of the fuel cell stack 110 should be appropriately humidified.

According to the present invention, the hot and humid air supplied to the cathode 118 of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack 110 is supplied from the regenerative air conditioner 200. The hot and humid air is discarded in the regenerative air conditioner 200, and is recycled from the fuel cell stack 110 to the cathode 118 supply air.

Triple cogeneration system according to the present invention as a cooler, and includes a regenerative cooler (200). The regenerative air conditioner 200 is a air conditioner in which dehumidification occurs while the moisture removing unit which captures moisture contained in indoor air is regenerated.

The trigeneration cogeneration system according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes an adsorptive air conditioner which is an example of a regenerative air conditioner 200, and FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram thereof.

The regenerative air conditioner 200 shown in FIG. 2 is the same as a known adsorption type air conditioner except for a configuration related to outdoor air. Therefore, the description of the remaining parts other than those related to the present invention will be omitted or briefly described.

The regenerative air conditioner 200 according to the present invention is divided into an inner zone 210 and an outer zone 220 with a partition plate 230 as a boundary, and heats outside air using waste heat of the fuel cell stack 110. It includes a heat exchanger, and a moisture carrier to take the moisture of the indoor air flowing along the inner zone 210 to be transported to the outside air and to be regenerated in the outside air.

Inside air 210 is a space in which the indoor air in the wet air state introduced from the room is cooled and cooled to be supplied to the low-temperature and low-humidity state and discharged back to the room, the outside air zone 220 is captured in the outdoor air 210 It is a space that is discharged by separating the dehumidified moisture into air of high temperature and high humidity.

According to an embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 1 and 2 includes a dehumidification rotor 240 as a moisture carrier. The dehumidification rotor 240 captures moisture in the indoor air in the inner air 210 and transports it to the outer air, and the outside air introduced into the outer air 220 is hot air in the heat exchanger 270 and then the dehumidification rotor 240. ) To dehumidify and regenerate the dehumidifying rotor 240 and is discharged as high temperature and high humidity air. The regeneration of the present specification means that the moisture absorbed by the moisture carrier is desorbed and separated, and the moisture carrier becomes a state capable of capturing and transporting moisture again. That is, the dehumidification rotor 240 adsorbed in the inner air zone 210 is regenerated in the outer air zone 220 and dried, thereby capturing moisture in the inner air zone 210 again.

1 and 2, the regenerative air conditioner 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a dehumidifying rotor 240, a sensible heat rotor 250, an evaporative air conditioner 260, and a heat exchanger 270. .

The dehumidification rotor 240 and the sensible rotor 250 are installed to continuously rotate by a motor (not shown) with a central axis positioned on the partition plate 230.

The dehumidification rotor 240 is divided into the adsorption zone 242 and the desorption zone 244 by the partition plate 230, and the action of absorbing moisture in the adsorption zone 242 occurs and the moisture is desorbed in the desorption zone 244. And regeneration occurs. The adsorption zone 242 is a portion located in the inner zone 210, and the desorption zone 244 is a portion located in the outer zone 220. The dehumidification rotor 240 is generally formed with a hygroscopic agent such as silica gel or zeolite on a ceramic sheet formed of honeycomb.

The sensible heat rotor 250 is divided into the cooling zone 252 and the heating zone 254 by the partition plate 230, the air is cooled while passing through the cooling zone 252, the air passing through the heating zone 254 Is heated. The cooling zone 252 is a portion located in the inner zone 210, and the heating zone 254 is a portion located in the outer zone 220. The sensible heat rotor 250 is formed of a thin aluminum plate in a honeycomb shape and has a disk shape, and performs heat exchange while rotating between the inner air zone 210 and the outer air zone 220.

The evaporative cooler 260 takes the latent heat of the air passing through the sensible heat rotor 250 and rapidly lowers the temperature to make cold air, which is supplied to the room. The evaporative cooler 260 is connected to the evaporative cooler water tank 261 to circulate the coolant.

The indoor air introduced from the room is introduced through the lower indoor connection part 211 and passed through the regenerative rotor 240, the sensible rotor 250, and the evaporative cooler 260 in the internal air 210, and then supply air in a low temperature and low humidity state. It is supplied to the room through the upper indoor connection (212).

The outside air is sucked into the outside air zone 220 through the outside air inlet 221, and after passing through the sensible heat rotor 250, the heat exchanger 270, and the regeneration rotor 240 in the outside air zone 220, the air becomes hot and humid. It is discharged through the outside air outlet 222. The hot and humid air discharged from the outside air zone 220 is recycled to the supply air supplied to the cathode 118 of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack 110.

The regenerative air conditioner 200 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a heat exchanger 270 in the external air zone 220 as a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger 270 is connected to the cooling unit 130 and the water circulation pipe 135 of the fuel cell stack 110 so that water absorbed by the cooling unit 130 flows into the heat exchanger 270 to exchange heat. Heat exchange with the outside air passing through the air (270). The outside air introduced into the outside air zone 220 flows to the heat exchanger 270 while being partially heated while passing through the sensible heat rotor 250 before the heat exchanger 270. On the other hand, the outside air, which has become hot air while passing through the heat exchanger 270, flows toward the regeneration rotor 240 and passes through the regeneration rotor 240 while dehumidifying the dehumidification rotor 240 to become high temperature and high humidity air. In this process, the dehumidification rotor 240 is dehumidified and regenerated.

Water flowing through the water circulation pipe 135 passes through the heat exchanger 270 to discharge heat to make the outside air hot air, and then returns to the water tank 150 through the water circulation pipe 135. The tank 150 flows back to the cooling unit 130 of the fuel cell stack 110.

The outside air converted into high temperature and high humidity air through the heat exchanger 270 and the dehumidification rotor 240 is supplied to the cathode 118 of the fuel cell stack 110 through the air supply pipe 117.

According to the present invention, the air supply pipe 117 is provided with an air mixing valve 116, and the air mixing valve 116 is connected to an outside air supply pipe 114 through which external air is supplied. The outside air supply pipe 114 is connected to the outside air control valve 225 installed adjacent to the outside air inlet 221. The outside air control valve 225 controls the inflow of outside air, and the air mixing valve 116 controls the mixing of hot and humid air produced in the outside air and the regenerative air conditioner 200. As described above, the air supplied to the cathode 118 needs proper humidification. The air mixing valve 116 is controlled by a controller (not shown) according to the detection of a temperature sensor (not shown) and a humidity sensor (not shown) installed in the air supply pipe 117 to appropriately mix the outside air with high temperature and high humidity air. After the conversion of the temperature and humidity of the air so that the air can be supplied to the cathode (118).

According to the present invention, the heat exchanger 270 and the regenerative rotor 240 of the outside air zone 220 of the regenerative air conditioner 200 constitute a part of the regenerative air conditioner 200 and are functionally connected to the fuel cell stack 110. Since it functions to produce high temperature and high humidity air supplied to the cathode 118 of, it functionally forms an air supply of the fuel cell generator 100.

3 illustrates an example in which an absorption air conditioner is used as a regenerative air conditioner as a schematic diagram of a triple cogeneration system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The regenerative air conditioner 200 of the absorption type air conditioner type shown in FIG. 3 is the same as a known absorption air conditioner except for a configuration related to outdoor air. Therefore, the description of the remaining parts other than those related to the present invention will be omitted or briefly described. In addition, the same parts as in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 will be described with the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Referring to Figure 3, the regenerative air conditioner 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention is the same as the regenerative air conditioner of an embodiment of the present invention the indoor air in the humid air state introduced from the room is cooled to cool and low humidity state The internal air 210 is discharged back into the room as the supply air, and the introduced outdoor air is divided into the outdoor air zone 220 which is discharged as the high temperature and high humidity air by detaching and separating the moisture captured from the indoor air.

Looking at the configuration related to the existing air (210), the indoor air in the humid air state introduced from the room through the dehumidifier (281), the moisture is separated and becomes a dry air, and then cooled through the evaporative cooler (260) in a low temperature and low humidity state It becomes air and is supplied back to the room. The evaporative cooler 260 is connected to the evaporative cooler water tank 261 to circulate the coolant.

Looking at the configuration related to the outside air zone 220, the outside air is introduced from the outside and is supplied to the air mixing valve 116 through the regenerator 283 becomes hot and humid air.

The regenerative air conditioner 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention is a moisture carrier, and includes a moisture transport solution for transporting moisture while circulating between the dehumidifier 281 and the regenerator 283. The moisture transport solution includes a lithium chloride (LiCl) solution. In the present specification, a lithium chloride solution diluted by absorbing moisture is referred to as a lithium chloride (LiCl) rare solution or a lithium chloride solution in a rare solution state, and the lithium chloride solution thickened again with separation of moisture is a lithium chloride (LiCl) concentrate or concentrated solution. Lithium chloride solution in solution state.

4 is a diagram showing the structure of the dehumidifier 281 and the regenerator 283 shown in FIG. The dehumidifier 281 and the regenerator 283 are divided according to their functions and have the same structure. The structure shown in FIG. 4 will be described as a player 283. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the regenerator 283 includes a plurality of flat tubes 287 having a plurality of passages through which water passes, and a corrugated plate extending between the flat tubes 287 and being folded and wrinkled. (288).

The flat tube 287 provides or absorbs heat through heat exchange with the outside as water passes along the inner passage. The corrugated plate 287 is supplied with a lithium chloride solution from the top and flows from the top to the bottom, and air flows in the lateral direction and passes between the corrugated plates 287 and contacts the lithium chloride solution to absorb or absorb moisture into the lithium chloride solution. do. When used as a regenerator 282, the hot water is supplied to the flat tube 287 to provide heat, and the outside air passing through the corrugated plate 288 while being in contact with the lithium chloride solution receives heat to become hot, thereby absorbing moisture in the lithium chloride solution. It takes away the hot and humid air.

Referring again to Figure 3, another action of the moisture carrier of the regenerative air conditioner 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

First, referring to the operation of the dehumidifier 281, the cold water pipe is connected to the flat tube inside the dehumidifier 281, the cold water is supplied to cool the indoor air. The cold water pipe is connected to the water tank 282 for the dehumidifier and cold water is supplied to the dehumidifier 281 through heat exchange in the water tank 282 for the dehumidifier. The indoor air introduced into the inner air 210 is supplied in the lateral direction of the corrugated plate of the dehumidifier 281 and passes between the streams while contacting the lithium chloride solution. Is absorbed in. Accordingly, the lithium chloride concentrated solution introduced into the dehumidifier 281 becomes a lithium chloride rare solution while absorbing moisture. Through this process, a dehumidifying operation for removing moisture in the indoor air is performed.

Next, referring to the operation of the regenerator 283, a water circulation pipe 135 is connected to the flat tube of the regenerator 283 so that hot water is supplied from the cooling unit 130 of the fuel cell stack 110. The hot water provided from the cooling unit 130 makes the outside air supplied through the heat exchange in the regenerator 283 into air at a high temperature. At this time, the pleated plate of the regenerator 283 is supplied with a lithium chloride solution that absorbs moisture from the dehumidifier 281 and becomes a rare solution, and flows from top to bottom. The outside air passes between the corrugated plates while contacting with the lithium chloride solution and becomes hot due to heat exchange with hot water supplied through the water circulation pipe 135, thereby dehumidifying the moisture in the lithium chloride solution. That is, the outside air is discharged as hot and humid air while passing through the regenerator 283, and the lithium chloride solution is regenerated and discharged as a concentrated solution capable of absorbing moisture. The outside air, which has become hot and humid air, is supplied to the cathode 118 of the fuel cell stack 110 via the air mixing valve 116. The regenerator 283 is a heat exchanger that heats outside air using waste heat supplied to the fuel cell stack 110.

A solution heat exchanger 284 is installed on the circulation path of the lithium chloride solution so that heat exchange occurs between the lithium chloride concentrate flowing toward the dehumidifier 281 and the lithium chloride rare solution flowing toward the regenerator 283. The outside air heat exchanger 285 for heat exchange between the air flowing from the outside and the air flowing through the air mixing valve 116 through the air and the regenerator 283 through the air mixing valve 116 is installed so that the efficiency is improved. Can be.

In the regenerative air conditioner 200 of the absorption type air conditioner type according to another embodiment of the present invention, a process of capturing moisture in the dehumidifier 281 occurs and a process of detaching and separating moisture from the regenerator 283 is performed. The indoor air passing through 821 becomes a dry air, and the outdoor air passing through regenerator 283 becomes high temperature and high humidity air. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the outdoor air is discharged from the regenerative air conditioner 200 due to the high temperature and high humidity, and the discarded high temperature and high humidity air is recycled into the air supplied to the cathode 118 of the fuel cell stack 110. It is the same as the embodiment of the present invention in that it is.

Triple cogeneration system according to the present invention further comprises a heater (300). The heater 300 includes a heating heat exchanger 310 that absorbs waste heat generated from the cooling unit 130 in the fuel cell stack 110 through heat exchange with the water tank 150, and the heating heat exchanger includes heating water and hot water. Produce and supply it. In the cogeneration system, the heater system is variously known, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. The triple cogeneration system according to the present invention includes a heater of a known cogeneration system. Reference numeral 320 in the figure is a fan.

5 is a view for briefly explaining the energy utilization relationship between the fuel cell generator 100, the regenerative air conditioner 200, and the heater 300 in the combined power generation system using the fuel cell according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, the fuel cell generator 100 supplies electrical energy and thermal energy in the form of hot water to the regenerative air conditioner 200. The hot water is a waste heat source generated during the cooling process of the fuel cell stack 110 during the production of electrical energy of the fuel cell generator 100. Since waste heat is not discarded and supplied to the regenerative air conditioner 200 and used as a driving source, energy use efficiency is improved. The regenerative air conditioner 200 uses the waste heat of the fuel cell generator 100 for regeneration of the moisture carrier and discharges the outdoor air as high temperature and high humidity in the process. The hot and humid air discarded by the regenerative air conditioner 200 is recycled and supplied to the cathode 118 of the fuel cell stack 110 of the fuel cell generator 100. In this process, the fuel cell generator 100 obtains the high temperature and high humidity air required for the cathode 118 of the fuel cell stack 110, thereby saving a separate humidification source and energy. This improves the overall energy use efficiency.

Looking at the energy utilization relationship between the fuel cell generator 100 and the heater 300, the fuel cell generator 100 supplies the hot water and electrical energy to the heater 300, the hot water is deprived of heat from the heater 300 ( After returning to cooled water, the hot water is supplied again from the cooling unit 130 of the fuel cell stack 110.

FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a power control method of a combined power generation system using a fuel cell according to the present invention.

The combined power generation system using a fuel cell according to the present invention includes a secondary battery, and a plurality of BOPs (Balance of Balances) required for driving the fuel cell are divided into an E-BOP and an M-BOP. To control. The E-BOP is for monitoring and operating control of the system. The user interface consists of a sensor that detects the state of a fuel cell or a secondary cell, a liquid crystal display (LCD), and an operation button. And a printed-circuit board (PCB), and the M-BOP is a driving peripheral device of the fuel cell stack 110 and includes a fuel supply unit, a pump such as an air supply unit, a fan, a valve, and the like.

Fuel cells have the disadvantage of not being self starting and vulnerable to sudden load changes. The combined power generation system using the fuel cell according to the present invention is configured as a hybrid system including a secondary battery (battery) in order to supply the power required for the peripheral device at start-up and to stably respond to sudden load changes.

The present invention is a hybrid operation strategy of the fuel cell and the secondary battery, the secondary battery is responsible for the load and the fuel cell is operated to charge the battery when the secondary battery charge (State of Charge, SOC) is lower than the reference value It adopts hybrid driving method of automatic battery charger concept. In order to receive the system status in real time and perform proper control, the E-BOP, which monitors and controls the operation of the system, must be powered at all times regardless of the operation mode of the system. To this end, the E-BOP is designed to be powered from a secondary battery.

On the other hand, the fuel cell operates only when the potential of the secondary battery falls below a predetermined level and needs to be charged, and power required for the peripheral device at startup is supplied from the secondary battery.

When a stable power source is secured from the fuel cell, the fuel cell is in charge of charging the secondary battery and supplying power to the peripheral device. When the secondary battery is fully charged, the fuel cell is stopped. However, when using the thermal energy generated by the fuel cell, such as when a regenerative air conditioner is operating, charging to the secondary cell stops, but the fuel cell continues to operate to supply electricity to the E-BOP, M-BOP, and load. do.

Referring to Figure 6 describes the power operation of the combined cycle power system using a fuel cell according to the present invention.

First, the description of the load-off state, the secondary battery to the E-BOP and M-BOP so that the fuel cell stack can produce electricity during start-up Feed at the same time. In charging mode, the electricity generated from the fuel cell stack is charged to the battery and also supplies electricity to the E-BOP and the M-BOP. When the potential of the secondary cell reaches a certain level, the fuel cell stack stops. In the discharging mode in which the potential of the secondary battery rises above a certain level and the secondary battery supplies electricity, electricity is supplied to the E-BOP in the secondary battery and the state is monitored.

In the description of the load on condition, the secondary cell supplies electricity to the E-BOP and the M-BOP so that the fuel cell stack can produce electricity during start-up. It also supplies electricity to the load side at the same time. Charging mode is performed after the fuel cell stack is started, and the electricity generated from the fuel cell stack is charged to the secondary cell, and also to the E-BOP, M-BOP, and load. Supply. If the fuel cell stack needs to supply a heat source other than power, such as driving a regenerative air conditioner, charging to the secondary cell stops but continues toward the load containing the E-BOP, M-BOP, and regenerative air conditioner. Supply electricity. In the discharging mode using only the electric energy charged in the secondary battery, the secondary battery supplies electricity to the E-BOP to monitor the condition and also supply electricity to the load. The load in the discharge mode is a load requiring only electricity, unlike the load in the charge mode.

100: fuel cell power generation unit 110: fuel cell stack
112: anode 115: electrolyte membrane
116: air mixing valve 117: air supply pipe
118: air electrode 120: fuel supply unit
130: cooling unit 135: water circulation tube
200: regenerative air conditioner 210: existing air
220: outside 230: partition plate
240: dehumidification rotor 270: heat exchanger
281: dehumidifier 283: player
300: heater 310: heat exchanger for heating

Claims (6)

A fuel cell stack including a fuel electrode, a polymer electrolyte membrane, an air electrode, and a cooling unit; A fuel supply unit supplying fuel to the anode; A fuel cell generator including a water tank connected to the cooling unit and a water circulation pipe;
The indoor air introduced from the room is divided into an internal air that is cooled by drying and discharged back into the room and an outdoor air that is discharged as the high temperature and high humidity air is discharged from the outside; A moisture carrier which captures moisture in the indoor air flowing along the interior air and transports it to the outside air; And a heat exchanger installed in the outside air and connected to the cooling unit and the water circulation pipe to heat the outside air by exchanging heat absorbed water with the outside while passing through the cooling unit. The outside air is heated by the heat exchange unit in the outside air and regenerates the moisture carrier from the moisture carrier, while regenerating the moisture carrier and discharged to become a high temperature and high humidity air, and
It includes an air supply pipe for supplying the hot and humid air discharged from the outside air of the regenerative air conditioner to the cathode of the fuel cell stack,
The air supply pipe further includes an air mixing valve for controlling the temperature and humidity of the air supplied to the cathode by controlling the mixing of the air heated from the high temperature and high humidity while passing through the outside air,
And the air mixed in the air mixing valve is supplied to the cathode through the air supply pipe. delete The method of claim 1,
The regenerative air conditioner includes a partition plate for dividing an interior into an internal air and an external air;
The heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the cooling unit and the water introduced through the water circulation pipe exchanges heat with the outside;
The moisture carrier is located in both the inner zone and the outer zone through the partition plate and rotates along the axis of rotation, wherein the portion trapping moisture in the inner zone consists of a dehumidifying rotor that is regenerated in the outer zone. Triple cogeneration system. The method of claim 1,
In the regenerative air conditioner,
The moisture carrier is made of a moisture carrier solution that can be recycled by capturing moisture in the air while being in contact with the air or deprived of the trapped moisture in the air,
The internal air includes a dehumidifier in which cold water for heat exchange is supplied, and indoor air is cooled through heat exchange with cold water, and the moisture in the indoor air is captured in the moisture transport solution while being in contact with the moisture transport solution.
The heat exchange part communicates with the dehumidifier, and the moisture transport solution is circulated, and the water absorbed heat from the cooling part is supplied through a water circulation tube to heat the outside air by introducing heat, and the outside air is heated. The trigeneration cogeneration system comprising a regenerator which draws moisture from the moisture transport solution while contacting the moisture transport solution supplied from the dehumidifier, and regenerates the moisture transport solution while allowing the outside air to be hot and humid air. 5. The method of claim 4,
The dehumidifier or the regenerator
A plurality of flat tubes having a plurality of passages through which water for heat exchange passes; And
And a corrugated plate installed between the plurality of flat tubes and folded and extending in a corrugated state, wherein the corrugated plates are contacted with each other as the air and the moisture transport solution pass. The method of claim 1,
And a heater including a heat exchanger for receiving heat absorbed by the cooling unit through heat exchange with the water tank of the fuel cell generator.

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