KR101317361B1 - Solar heat generator to use curved surface reflector - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar power generating apparatus using a curved reflector, and in particular, a collector for focusing sunlight through at least one reflector formed of a plurality of curved reflectors to form a parabolic curved surface having a certain arc angle, An endotherm for receiving heat through the condensed light through the concentrator and preventing heat dissipation at the end of the solar collection line, and storing the heat transferred from the endotherm at a heat storage temperature determined by the heat storage medium. Regenerator, characterized in that consisting of a generator for generating power by supplying the heat obtained from the heat absorber and the heat accumulator to the working fluid.
Therefore, the present invention does not require a sun tracking device, that is, a chase mechanism, because it can condense almost all of the incident sunlight depending on the orientation and altitude of the four-season changing sun by using a reflector bonded to several curved reflectors. As a result, the efficiency of heat absorption can be increased due to the substantially uniformly distributed solar energy density, and the unit cost of the device can be greatly reduced by minimizing the use area of the solar cell.

Description

Solar power generator using curved reflector {Solar heat generator to use curved surface reflector}

The present invention relates to a solar power generation apparatus using a curved reflector, and more particularly, by using a reflector bonded to a plurality of curved reflectors to have a certain arc angle and curvature, the incident light is changed according to the altitude and orientation of the sun which changes in four seasons. It can increase the endothermic efficiency while allowing the solar light to be condensed without any additional mechanism, and can be installed on the roof of small homes or town houses at a lower cost than the existing solar power generators to heat using solar heat. The present invention relates to a solar power generator using a curved reflector.

Solar energy irradiated to the Earth's surface is 1.353 kW / m2 outside the atmosphere (AM0), but the energy after passing through the atmosphere is 1 kW / m2 at AM1.5g, depending on latitude and ambient conditions.

The energy of 1kw per unit area is the amount of energy of the entire spectrum of the sun, and the double visible light region (400-800nm) occupies about 52% and 48% is the infrared (800-2500nm) region.

The energy of light increases as the wavelength gets shorter, so the energy for each wavelength can be obtained by the following equation.

 In Equation 1, h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength of light.

When the energy value of Equation 1 is converted into electron volts, Equation 2 is obtained.

When the energy for each wavelength band of sunlight is calculated based on Equation 2, visible light corresponds to 3.11 eV to 1.5 eV and infrared light corresponds to 1.499 to 0.49 eV.

The bandgap (Eg) energy of the Si single crystal solar cell is 1.17 eV and corresponds to an optical wavelength of 1059 nmd. The bandgap energy value of the material properties of the solar cell acts as a wavelength band of switchable light. Solar radiation with a longer wavelength passes through the solar cell, and only the radiation with a wavelength shorter than the bandgap is absorbed. Will be displayed.

For this reason, the efficiency of currently used solar cells is generally low at about 10 to 15% of the total energy, and methods for increasing efficiency by overlapping a few band gaps have been studied to improve efficiency.

The device using the solar energy can be divided into a device using the sunlight and solar heat. The photovoltaic device is a means for converting solar energy directly into electrical energy using a semiconductor, and the photovoltaic device is a means for converting solar energy into heat energy using a heat absorbing plate or a heat absorbing tube that absorbs solar energy.

At this time, the semiconductor used in the photovoltaic device is typically silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs) and the like, the electrical conversion efficiency is about 10 to 20% depending on the type.

On the other hand, the endothermic surface used in the solar heat using device is using a chromium (Cr) or titanium (Ti) composite (for example, TiO2) and the like, the solar energy absorption is about 90 ~ 95%. The collector (or collector) used for this purpose is a flat-plate collector and a concentrating collector.

The flat type light collector is a device that converts energy by receiving the solar energy as much as the area of the light receiving surface (or heat absorbing surface), and the focusing type light collector is a focusing ratio (opening area / light receiving surface) than the area of the light collecting surface using a special optical device. It is a device that allows more energy (area) to reach the light-receiving surface (heat absorbing surface) to generate a greater amount of power (or higher temperature) than the flat-type light collector for the same light-receiving surface (heat absorbing surface) area as the flat plate type.

The focused device has a two-dimensional or three-dimensional focuser depending on the application and each device has a sun tracked or non-tracked device.

However, in the case of the solar heat collecting device, the utilization spectrum is higher than that of the solar cell because the entire spectrum from the solar cell to the infrared region that is not absorbed is converted to heat, and the efficiency of the vacuum tube collector which minimizes heat loss reaches 90%.

For this reason, the power generation business through the collection of solar heat is emerging, and the method currently being attempted is a kind of external combustion engine that uses steam to generate steam to drive a steam turbine or heat gas such as helium to expand and contract gas. The Stirling engine is driven to achieve an efficiency of around 30%.

This method of converting heat into rotational power energy and thus turning the generator back will cause loss in every conversion process and it is difficult to expect higher efficiency.

In addition, the method of combining a driver and a generator is disadvantageous in terms of facility cost, installation area, and maintenance as possible in a large facility of a certain size or more, and also has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to supply to a home or a small facility.

Therefore, in order to expand the supply of renewable energy, it is more efficient and cheaper than conventional solar cells, eliminating the conversion process to the same rotational power as the existing solar power plant, and minimizing the need for maintenance and reducing the facility area. The development of solar energy utilization technology is essential.

That is, in order to obtain high-temperature energy from sunlight with low energy density, a condensing technology that collects a large area of light at one point is required.

In general, condensing is a method of collecting light reflected from several plane mirrors into one place or using a concave mirror reflector (parabolic reflector) to focus.

In the case of a planar reflector, the condensing ratio is determined according to the number of reflectors. Therefore, a large number of reflectors are required to obtain a high temperature. In general, a condensing ratio for obtaining a temperature of 500 ° C. is about 300, and more than 300 planar reflectors are required.

On the other hand, the material of the reflector in the parabolic condenser has a high reflection efficiency, and it is advantageous to use a light material for driving and economically.

However, the distance at which the focal point is formed in the parabolic reflector is half of the radius, which is a mechanical difficulty in positioning the heavy collector and the auxiliary device at this point, and has a disadvantage in that the volume becomes large. Photovoltaic concentrating should keep focus on the sun and always pay attention to where it is paid back.

The solar tracking method according to the prior art should be provided with respective rotating devices for azimuth and elevation angles. For this purpose, an exclusive installation area is required due to the installation of a tower in the center area, and therefore, the installation location is limited, There is a problem that excessive costs are required for facility equipment.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to condense all the incident sunlight according to the altitude and orientation of the four-season changing sun by using a reflector bonded to a plurality of curved reflectors to have a certain arc angle and curvature, without any additional tracking mechanism. It is possible to provide a solar power generation apparatus using a curved reflector that can reduce the unit cost of the device by minimizing the use of solar cells.

The solar power generation apparatus using the curved reflector according to the present invention for achieving the above object of the present invention, the solar light through at least one reflector formed of a plurality of curved reflectors to form a parabolic curved surface having a certain arc angle A condenser for condensing, an endotherm for receiving heat through the condensed light through the condenser at the end of the solar collection line by the condenser, and receiving heat and preventing heat dissipation; It is characterized by consisting of a generator for storing heat transferred from the heat, and a generator for supplying heat generated from the heat absorber and the heat accumulator to the working fluid to generate power.

In this case, the arc angle of the reflector is an angle within 62 ° ~ 104 °, the optimized arc angle of the reflector is characterized in that the 80 ° ~ 82 °.

In addition, the reflector is characterized in that the six to 10 curved reflectors are bonded to each other.

The reflector of the light collector is located northward, and the heat absorber is located southward.

On the other hand, the heat absorber, characterized in that made of a bracket for fixing the heat absorbing pipe which is a passage for moving the heat medium oil inside the case.

Here, the case is characterized in that the upper surface is formed of a material that transmits sunlight, the remaining surface except the upper surface is formed of a heat insulating material to prevent heat emission.

In addition, at least one solar cell is disposed on the curved reflector, and the solar energy is scattered without being focused by the light collector.

The curved reflector may be mounted on a reflector frame capable of supporting the curved reflector after the entire curved reflector is inserted.

At this time, the reflector frame, the channel steel is bent in the channel shape at both ends, the cover portion to be mounted on the rear portion of the section steel, the fixing portion formed on the upper end of the back of the section steel and fixing the cover portion; And at least one support portion 73 supporting both ends of the curved reflector 11 and supporting the center and both ends of the curved reflector 11.

According to the solar power generation apparatus using the curved reflector as described above, the solar tracking type can collect almost the sunlight incident on the four seasons of the sun's orientation and altitude by using a reflector having several curved reflectors bonded together. The device, that is, the need for a hoisting mechanism is eliminated, and due to the substantially uniformly distributed solar energy density, endothermic efficiency can be increased, and the unit cost of the device can be greatly reduced by minimizing the use area of the solar cell.

Therefore, the present invention is installed on the roof of a small home or townhouse at a lower cost than a conventional solar power generator, so that it can also be heated using solar heat.

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a solar power generation apparatus using a curved reflector according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating four seasons of sun defense applied to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing the four seasons solar altitude applied to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the linear localization of light linear convergence is performed by a reflector of one block according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the linear localization of light linear focus is performed by reflectors of 1 block and 2 block 3 blocks according to an embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a view comparing altitude and time of four seasons reflected light applied to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 7 is a view showing the solar orientation and altitude of the vernal equinox and autumn equinox applied to the embodiment of the present invention,
8 is a view showing the arrangement of the reflector and the heat absorber when the arc angle of the reflector according to an embodiment of the present invention 104 °,
9 is a view showing the arrangement of the reflector and the heat absorber when the arc angle of the reflector according to an embodiment of the present invention is 82 °,
10 is a view showing the arrangement of the reflector and the heat absorber when the arc angle of the reflector according to an embodiment of the present invention 62 °,
11 is a cross-sectional view showing a detailed configuration of a heat absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention,
12 is a view showing the position of the curved reflector and the heat absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 13 is a graph showing a relationship between an example of calculating and calculating a monthly average inclined plane solar radiation amount applied to an embodiment of the present invention and a measured horizontal plane incidence angle;
14 is a graph showing the maximum possible amount of solar radiation per day of the curved reflector according to the embodiment of the present invention;
15 is a plan view of a reflector frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the reflector frame of FIG. 15; FIG.
17 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of C ′ of FIG. 16;
18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ of the reflector frame of FIG. 15.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the solar power generation apparatus using the curved reflector according to the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of curved reflectors 11 are formed to form a parabolic curved surface having a certain arc angle. Condenser 10 for condensing sunlight through the light, and through the condenser 10 at the end of the solar collection line by the light collector 10 is supplied with heat to prevent heat dissipation The heat accumulator 20 and the heat accumulator 30 for storing heat transferred from the heat absorber 20 at a heat storage temperature determined according to the heat storage medium, and the heat absorber 20 and the heat accumulator 30 obtained. It consists of a generator 40 for generating heat by supplying heat to the working fluid.

In addition, the solar power generation apparatus using a curved reflector according to an embodiment of the present invention effectively collects and heats and supplies solar heat, and the generator 40 is connected to the boiler 50 and heating, and is important for performance and reliability of the solar system. Control device (not shown) that serves.

In addition, at least one solar cell 60 is disposed on the curved reflector 11 to absorb scattered solar energy without being focused by the condenser 10, but more than 77% of energy is associated with a power system. Outputs 3㎾ × 4H = 12㎾H per hour, and energy of 77% or less is transferred to the regenerator 30 to produce photoelectric effect of 1㎾ × 4H = 4㎾H and 860 × 4㎾ = 3640Kcal / D. You can get it.

8 to 10, when the azimuth angle of the reflector 15 of one block is 104 °, the reflection time is about 08:45 to about 15:30, and the azimuth angle of the reflector 15 is shown. When the degree is 80 °, the reflection time is from 09:30 to 15:00, and when the reflection angle is 62 °, since the reflection time is from 09:30 to 15:00, the azimuth angle of the reflector is 62 ° to 104 Although within degrees, the reflectance is optimized when the azimuth angle of the reflector 15 is set to 82 degrees in the embodiment of the present invention.

And, as shown in Figure 7, looking at the solar orientation and altitude of the vernal equinox and the autumn equinox it can be seen that the condensing angle is 18 °.

In addition, the reflector 15 is bonded to about 6 to 10 curved reflectors 11 per block, considering the cost side, eight curved reflectors 11 per block is appropriate.

Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the reflector 15 in which a plurality of curved reflectors 11 are bonded as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is used, an incident incident light is generated according to the altitude and orientation of the four-season changing sun. The ability to focus almost all of the light eliminates the need for sun-tracked devices, or chases.

As shown in FIG. 12, the curved reflector 11 of the light collector 10 is located northward, and the heat absorber 20 is preferably located southward.

At this time, the heat absorber 20 is composed of a case 21 and a bracket 23 for fixing the heat absorbing pipe 22 which is a passage through which the heat medium oil is moved inside the case 21 as shown in FIG. The case 21 is formed of a tempered glass that is a top surface of a material through which sunlight is transmitted, and the remaining surfaces except the top surface are formed of a heat insulating material that prevents heat emission.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 15 to 18, the curved reflector 11 is firmly mounted to the reflector frame 70 having a rectangular parallelepiped having a size such that the curved reflector 11 can be inserted therein.

In this case, the reflector frame 70 has a section steel 71 bent in a channel shape (c) at both side ends, a cover portion 74 mounted on a rear portion of the section steel 71, and the section steel 71. Is formed on the rear top of the fixing portion 72 for fixing the cover portion 74 and at least one support portion 73 for supporting the bent portion of the curved reflector (11).
That is, the four support parts 73 support the front surface of the curved reflector 11, and the support parts 73 supporting both ends of the curved reflector 11 are formed in a '' and '' form. In addition, the support 73 supporting the center and both ends of the curved reflector 11 is formed in a '.' Shape.

' 형태로 형성된다. 따라서, 상기 덮개부(74)는 슬라이딩 방식으로 고정부(72)에 끼워져 고정될 수 있다.The fixing portion 72 is fixed to one end is fixed to the upper end of the back of the section steel 71, the other side is fixed to the end of the cover portion 74 '

'Is formed in the form. Therefore, the cover part 74 may be fixed to the fixing part 72 in a sliding manner.

Hereinafter, an operation of a solar power generator using solar light according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

8 to 10, the light collector 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention has about 6 to 10 curved reflectors per block to collect sunlight to obtain a high temperature in the heat absorber 20 ( The three-block reflector 15 to which 11) is bonded is used.

In addition, the heat absorber 20 transmits sunlight through the upper surface formed of tempered glass to obtain heat and prevents heat from being emitted.

FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 are examples of time zones between 08:30 and 15:30 on December 21, 2010, and the daily light received amount PaQ is as shown in Equation 3 below, and the allowable polarization angle is 18 ° (horizontal incident angle 12). ° to 30 °), and the light condensing ratio upon receiving light at an inclination angle of 69 ° is represented by Equation (4).

The energy density (precondensation shape) of the heat absorber at the G point is expressed by Equation 5, and when converted into calories per hour, it is expressed by Equation 6.

The heat accumulator 30 stores the heat obtained through the heat absorber 20 as hot water. The heat accumulating temperature varies according to the heat storage medium, and the generator 40 is obtained from the heat absorber 20 and the heat accumulator 30. The heat is supplied to the working fluid to produce steam using hot heat, and then the turbine blades are turned to produce electricity.

At this time, a part of the heat stored in the heat storage device 30 may be used for hot water for hot water, and in winter, it is directly transmitted to the heating coil of the room. In addition, the generator 40 is provided with a heater (not shown) for auxiliary heating to be used for heating the indoor space if necessary.

The heat accumulator 30 is connected to the boiler 50 to precisely control the heat storage temperature display function, the room temperature control function and the reservation, and the self-diagnosis function in the boiler 50.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It will be possible.

10 condenser 11 curved reflector
15 reflector 20 endothermic
21 case 22 endothermic pipe
23: bracket 30: heat storage
40: generator 50: boiler
60 solar cell

Claims (10)

A condenser 10 for converging sunlight through at least one reflector 15 formed of a plurality of curved reflectors 11 to form a parabolic curved surface having a predetermined arc angle;
A heat absorber 20 for receiving heat through the light focused through the light collector 10 at the end of the solar collection line by the light collector 10 to receive heat, and to prevent heat dissipation;
A heat storage device 30 for storing heat transferred from the heat absorber 20 by a heat storage temperature determined according to the heat storage medium;
It consists of a generator 40 for generating power by supplying the heat obtained from the heat absorber 20 and the heat accumulator 30 to the working fluid,
The heat absorber 20 includes a case 21 and a bracket 23 for fixing the heat absorbing pipe 22, which is a passage through which the heat medium oil moves inside the case 22, and the case 21 has an upper surface. The solar power generation device using a curved reflector, which is formed of a material through which the sunlight is transmitted, and the other surfaces except the upper surface are formed of an insulating material to prevent heat emission. The method of claim 1,
The arc angle of the reflector 15 is a solar power generator using a curved reflector, characterized in that the angle within 62 ° ~ 104 °. 3. The method of claim 2,
Optimized arc angle of the reflector 15 is a solar power generating device using a curved reflector, characterized in that 80 ° ~ 82 °. The method of claim 1,
The reflector 15 is a solar power generation device using a curved reflector, characterized in that the 6 to 10 of the curved reflector 11 is formed by bonding. The method of claim 1,
The reflector 15 of the light collector 10 is located in the north side, and the heat absorber 20 is located in the south facing solar power generating apparatus using a curved reflector. delete delete The method of claim 1,
At least one solar cell (60) is disposed in the curved reflector (11), and the solar power generator using the curved reflector, characterized in that to absorb the scattered solar energy without being focused by the light collector (10). The method of claim 1,
The curved reflector (11) is a solar power generator using a curved reflector, characterized in that seated on the reflector frame (70) capable of supporting the curved reflector (11) after the entire surface of the reflector (11) is inserted. 10. The method of claim 9,
The reflector frame 70,
Channel 71, which is bent in a channel shape at both ends,
A cover portion 74 mounted to a rear portion of the steel 71;
A fixing part 72 formed at an upper end of the rear face of the shaped steel 71 to fix the cover part 74;
A solar power generator using a curved reflector, characterized in that it comprises at least one support portion (73) for supporting both ends of the curved reflector (11), and supporting between the central portion and both ends of the curved reflector (11).

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