KR101286880B1 - Compressor and enclosed rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to reduce the number of winding terminals to be drawn out of the pressure vessel, the compressor 100 to be driven by a rotary electric machine in which a plurality of windings U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2 is wound in each phase A switching device 40 for switching the plurality of windings to either one of a serial connection and a parallel connection is provided, and a pressure vessel 22 housing the rotary electric machine and the switching device therein. In addition, the terminal of the winding wound for driving the electric motor is configured to be drawn out of the pressure vessel 22 through the terminal box 30a provided in the pressure vessel, and to control the switching operation of the switching device. The lead is drawn out of the pressure vessel through the same terminal box as described above.

Description

COMPRESSOR AND ENCLOSED ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE}

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a compressor and a hermetic rotary electric machine, and is particularly suitable for use in a compressor provided with an electric motor which uses a plurality of windings in series or in parallel.

Since the compressor is difficult to seal the rotating shaft, an electric motor (for example, a permanent magnet synchronizer) is built into the pressure vessel.

 Moreover, since the inverter comprised by a semiconductor switching element converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage, and the converted AC voltage turns into an input voltage, a permanent magnet synchronous machine becomes an upper limit of an input voltage. On the other hand, due to the electromagnetic induction accompanying the rotation of the permanent magnet, the counter electromotive force is generated in the winding terminal, and the counter electromotive force increases as the high speed rotation is achieved. For this reason, at the rotational speed at which the counter electromotive force becomes larger than the input voltage, a method of controlling the counter electromotive force to be equal to the input voltage by canceling the permanent magnet magnetic flux by weak field control has been widely applied.

Here, when the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is constant, the counter electromotive force generated in the winding terminal is proportional to the number of turns of the armature winding. That is, in order to enlarge the high speed rotation area, it is important to design a small number of turns. In this case, however, a large current is required to obtain the desired torque. For this reason, it becomes necessary to use a switching element with a large current allowable value, which leads to an increase in cost, or there is a problem that the inverter efficiency is lowered because conduction loss of the switching element is increased by energizing a large current.

As a means to solve the above problem, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for providing a switching device to switch a winding connection system in series or in parallel. That is, by making the multiple windings wound on each phase of the armature in series and making the number of turns large, the electric motor can obtain a large torque while keeping the inverter's current allowable value small. In addition, the motor can be expanded in a high speed rotation region by connecting the windings in parallel and setting the number of turns less (see FIG. 3). Thus, the technique of patent document 1 can expand the variable speed drive range of an electric motor by using a winding switching device.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2005-354807

The problem when applying the winding connection switching device to the drive motor of the compressor is the handling of the winding terminal and the signal line.

 First, the problem at the time of arrange | positioning a switching device outside of a pressure vessel is demonstrated. In this case, the control device for a motor drive etc. provided in the exterior of a pressure vessel can perform signal input to a switching device easily. Therefore, no special problem arises in the handling of the signal line. However, in order to configure the switching device, it is necessary to take out a number of winding terminals outside the pressure vessel. For example, in the case of a three-phase permanent magnet motor, normally, each terminal 1 terminal and a total of 3 terminals may be taken out of the pressure vessel, but in order to form a serial / parallel switching device, a total of 9 terminals need to be drawn out. . For this reason, in addition to the enlargement and complexity of the structure of the terminal box provided on the outer wall of the pressure vessel, there is a problem that the cost increases because the manufacturing process increases. In addition, when the terminal box is enlarged, there is a problem that the strength of the pressure vessel is lowered and the reliability of the product is lowered.

Next, the problem at the time of installing a switching apparatus in a pressure vessel inside is demonstrated. In this case, the control unit for a motor drive etc. provided in the pressure vessel exterior inputs a signal to a switching device, but it is necessary to add a terminal box for a signal line to the pressure vessel outer wall newly.

If so, there is a problem that the cost increases because the manufacturing process increases. In addition, as the number of terminal boxes increases, there is a problem that the strength of the pressure vessel decreases and the reliability of the product decreases. In addition, as for the winding terminal, since it is connected to the switching device inside the pressure vessel, it is not necessary to newly install the terminal box.

As described above, when the switching device is provided outside the pressure vessel, there is a problem in handling the winding terminal. When the switching device is installed inside the pressure vessel, there is a problem in handling the signal line.

The technique of patent document 1 shall comprise the motor and a switching device integrally, and corresponds to the case where a switching device is installed in a pressure vessel. As described above, it is necessary to newly install the terminal box for the signal line on the pressure vessel outer wall, which is a problem. In addition, in the structure of patent document 1, the switching signal to a switching device is sent to a serial encoder. However, in the case of the permanent magnet synchronizer built into the compressor, since the inside of the pressure vessel is a high temperature and high pressure environment, the rotor position is not detected by using a semiconductor component such as a serial encoder, but the information of the current value and the voltage value. A method of estimating location information is common. Therefore, it is not possible to send a switch signal to the encoder.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a compressor and a hermetic rotary electric machine capable of reducing the number of winding terminals drawn out of the pressure vessel.

MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM In order to solve the said subject, this invention is the compressor which has a rotary electric machine in which the some winding was wound each phase, WHEREIN: The switching device which switches the said some winding to either serial connection or parallel connection, and said And a pressure vessel accommodating the rotary electric machine and the switching device therein, wherein the switching device is configured to mechanically switch contacts using an electromagnet, wherein the electromagnet is provided in plurality, and the plurality of electromagnets are connected in series. Both ends of the electromagnet winding are characterized in that the configuration is drawn out of the pressure vessel through the terminal box.

 Moreover, the signal line which controls the switching operation | movement of the said switching device is a structure which draws out to a pressure container exterior through the same terminal box as above.

When the plurality of windings constituting the rotary electric machine are connected in series, the maximum torque is increased in the low rotational speed region, and when connected in parallel, the maximum torque decreases, but the rotational speed region that becomes the positive torque increases. Therefore, the variable speed operation range can be expanded by providing the switching device which switches a some winding to either serial connection or parallel connection.

In the case where the rotary electric machine is three-phase, the number of terminals of the switching device is nine, and when the switching device is installed outside the pressure vessel as in the prior art, the number of terminals in the terminal box is required to be 12 in total of three +9 pieces. It becomes However, according to the present invention, when the switching device is provided outside the pressure vessel by providing the switching device inside the pressure vessel, the number of five terminals in total of three + two is sufficient, so that the number of winding terminals to be drawn out is reduced. can do.

The switching device is a six-circuit configuration using a mechanical relay of two circuits and two contact points for each phase, and the two circuits supply the first common contacts 101, Ta3U, and Tb3U and all the phases supplied by each circuit for each phase. A first circuit having second common contacts 103, Tb2U, Tb2V, and Tb3W, and a second circuit having independent contacts Ta1W, Ta1V, and Ta1U independent for each of the first common contacts and phases; A first terminal Tb1W, Tb1V, and Tb1U connected to any one of the first common contact and the second common contact; and a second terminal Ta2W connected to any one of the first common contact and the independent contact. It is preferable that Ta2V and Ta2U) are connected to the terminal part of any one of said windings, and the said independent contact point is connected to the terminal part of the other said windings, and the terminal of a polyphase AC power supply. In addition, the code | symbol in () is an illustration.

According to this, since wiring of a 1st common contact or a 2nd common contact is unnecessary, miniaturization becomes easy. Moreover, since there are few varieties of the sealed terminal box which can be installed in a pressure vessel, the structure which can limit the number of terminals to three or four is extremely useful.

According to the present invention, the number of winding terminals drawn out of the pressure vessel can be reduced.

1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a compressor that is a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a connection diagram of the armature winding and the switching device of the compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a characteristic diagram of a torque rotational speed according to the connected state of the armature winding.
4 is a front view of the terminal box seen from the outside of the pressure vessel of the compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a connection diagram of an armature winding and a winding switching circuit of the compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a connection diagram of an armature winding and a winding switching circuit of the compressor according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
The front view of the terminal box seen from the outside of the pressure vessel of the compressor which is 3rd Embodiment of this invention.
8 is a connection diagram of an armature winding and a winding switching circuit of a compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a structural diagram of a terminal portion of a mechanical relay of a general one circuit two contact point;
10 is a side view of a mechanical relay used in the compressor of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a top view of a mechanical relay used in the compressor of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
12 is another side view of a mechanical relay used in the compressor of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is another top view of the mechanical relay used for the compressor of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the compressor (sealed rotary electric machine) which is one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings. In each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the common component and the same component, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

(1st embodiment)

1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a compressor that is a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, the compressor 100, 100a has a compression section 28, a permanent magnet synchronizer 24, and a switching device 40 sealed inside the pressure vessel 22, and these are provided with a terminal box ( 30) is controlled structure.

The compression part 28 is provided with the fixed scroll member 13, the revolving scroll member 16, and the sliding bearing 27, and the spiral wrap | ramp which stands up to the end plate 14 of the fixed scroll member 13 is carried out. Compression chambers 19 (19a, 19b,...) Are formed by engaging 15 with the spiral wrap 18 standing upright on the end plate 17 of the swinging scroll member 16. The compression section 28 performs the compression operation by pivoting the swing scroll member 16 with the crankshaft 6. Among the compression chambers 19 (19a, 19b, ...), the compression chambers 19a, 19b located on the outermost side move toward the center of both scroll members 13, 16 in accordance with the turning motion, This gradually shrinks.

When the compressed gas in both the compression chambers 19a and 19b reaches the center of both scroll members 13 and 16, the compression part 28 will discharge the compressed gas from the discharge port 20 in communication with the compression chamber 19. It is configured to be discharged. The discharged compressed gas passes through the gas passage (not shown) provided in the fixed scroll member 13 and the frame 21 to reach the pressure vessel 22 below the frame 21, and the pressure vessel 22 It is discharged out of the compressor from the discharge pipe 23 provided in the side wall.

The permanent magnet synchronizer 24 is enclosed in the pressure vessel 22, and pivots the swinging scroll member 16 through the crankshaft 6. The permanent magnet synchronizer 24 is composed of a stator 9 and a rotor 1. In the stator 9, an armature winding 12 is wound around an electromagnetic steel sheet, and the rotor 1 has a magnet insertion hole. A plurality of permanent magnets 3 are fitted in the 7th. In addition, the caulking bolt 4 is used in order to bundle several electrical steel sheets.

The compressor 100 is provided with an oil reservoir 25 under the permanent magnet synchronizer 24.

The oil in the oil reservoir 25 passes through the oil hole 26 provided in the crankshaft 6 due to the pressure difference generated by the rotational movement, so that the turning scroll member 16 and the crankshaft 6 are separated. It is provided for lubrication of the sliding part, the sliding bearing 27, and the like.

The compressor 100 is provided with a sealed terminal box 30 on the side wall of the pressure vessel 22 to pull the armature winding 12 outward of the pressure vessel 22. In the case of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronizer 24, the terminal box 30 accommodates three pieces of the total of the terminals 31u, 31v, and 31w of each of the U, V, and W windings, for example.

The compressor 100 is provided with a switching device 40 for switching the winding connection inside the pressure vessel 22. The switching device 40 may be provided above the axial direction of the permanent magnet synchronizer 24 or may be provided below. In addition, from the viewpoint of reducing the winding resistance and simplifying the wiring process, the switching device 40 is preferably provided in close proximity to the stator 9 or the terminal box 30, but the empty space in the pressure vessel 22 is preferable. If it can be utilized effectively, you may install it anywhere. In addition, although the cylindrical shape is preferable from the viewpoint of the ease of manufacture, the pressure vessel 22 may ensure the installation space of the switching device 40 by making the outer peripheral surface partially convex.

The switching device 40 may be a relay using a semiconductor element, or may have a configuration such as a "oil contact relay" which mechanically switches a contact using an electromagnet without using a semiconductor element.

In the case of a relay using a semiconductor element, since the inside of the pressure vessel is a high temperature environment, it is necessary to use a semiconductor element excellent in heat resistance. In addition, since the high-pressure oil refrigerant is circulated normally in the pressure vessel, it is necessary to seal the element using a member having excellent heat resistance and pressure resistance. In addition, because of the vibration accompanying the compression operation, the solder of the semiconductor element may peel off and cause contact failure. Therefore, it is necessary to bond using a high-strength conductive material.

 In the case of the "oil contact relay", the electromagnet may be configured using a winding different from the armature winding 12, or may be configured using at least one phase winding of the armature winding 12. The configuration of the relay may be a "pole-free relay" using only electromagnets and the terminals of the winding constituting the electromagnet without positive and negative poles, and the windings constituting the electromagnet using electromagnets and permanent magnets. The "polarity relay" with + and-poles may be used for the terminal. Since the high-pressure oil refrigerant circulates normally in the pressure vessel, even if the terminal connection portion of the switching device 40 is covered with a high heat resistant resin or a non-conductive member, even if the structure prevents corrosion, poor contact or short circuit, etc. do.

Fig. 2 is a wiring diagram showing a connection configuration between an armature winding of a permanent magnet synchronizer sealed in a compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and a winding switching circuit. This connection configuration is close to the contents disclosed in Patent Document 1.

In FIG. 2, the compressor 100, 100a is provided with a three-phase permanent magnet synchronizer 24 (FIG. 1) and a switching device 40 inside the pressure vessel 22, and the terminal box 30a. It connects to the inverter 60 and the control apparatus 70 through the. In addition, the three-phase permanent magnet synchronizer 24 (FIG. 1) has an armature winding 12 composed of two windings of each phase (first winding: U1, V1, W1, second winding: U2, V2, W2). The terminal box 30a includes five terminals of terminals 31 _W , 31 _V , and 31 _U for three-phase power supply and terminals 33a and 33b for switching device control.

One end of the first windings U1, V1, W1 is connected to the compression container (via each terminal 31 of the terminal box 30 (in Fig. 2, respectively, 31 _U , 31 _V , and 31 _W ). It is connected to the inverter 60 provided outside of 22). The other end of the first windings U1, V1, Wl is connected to the terminals Tb1 (T _b1U , T _b1V , T _b1W ), and is connected to the neutral point 50a through the terminals Tb2 (T _b2U , T _b2V , T _b2W ). It is connected to and forms the Y connection.

One end of the second windings U2, V2, W2 is connected to the neutral point 50b to form a Y connection, and the other end is connected to the terminal Ta2 (T _a2U , T _a2V , T _a2W ). The terminal Ta3 (T _a3U , T _a3V , T _a3W ) and the terminal Tb3 (T _b3U , T _b3V , T _b3W ) are connected to each other.

On the other hand, the inverter 60 converts the DC voltage E generated by the DC power supply 61 into three-phase AC voltage, and converts the converted AC voltage through the pressure vessel terminals 31 (31u, 31v, 31w), Applied to the armature winding. That is, the inverter 60 functions as a polyphase AC power supply. The pressure vessel terminal 31 is connected to the terminal Ta1 and the first winding.

In addition, the electromagnetic windings 32 (32a, 32b) constituting the switching device 40 are connected in series with each other, and are connected to the control circuit 70 via the pressure vessel terminals 33a, 33b. As a result, the switching devices 40 (Sa, Sb) can be switched simultaneously by the control circuit 70.

The control circuit 70 is comprised using semiconductor elements, such as a transistor. When the first windings U1, V1, W1 and the second windings U2, V2, W2 are connected in series, the control circuit 70 connects the terminal Tb1 and the terminal Tb3 to connect the terminal Ta3 and the terminal Ta2. Connect. On the other hand, when connecting a 1st winding and a 2nd winding in parallel, the control circuit 70 connects the terminal Tb1 and the terminal Tb2, and connects the terminal Ta1 and the terminal Ta2. At this time, the neutral points 50a and 50b may be isolate | separated or you may short circuit.

3 is a characteristic diagram of a torque rotational speed according to the connected state of the armature winding.

The permanent magnet synchronizer 24 (FIG. 1) can generate a large torque while keeping the current allowable value of the inverter small by connecting a plurality of armature windings in series and setting the number of turns. On the other hand, the permanent magnet synchronizer 24 can enlarge the high-speed rotation area by making a plurality of armature windings in parallel and making the number of turns small. In addition, when the rotational speed is low, the permanent magnet synchronizer 24 is subjected to positive torque drive. When the rotational speed is high, the permanent magnet synchronizer 24 is positive output drive.

4 is a front view of the terminal box seen from the outside of the pressure vessel used in the compressor of the first embodiment of the present invention.

The terminal boxes 30 and 30a are terminals 31u, 31v, and 31w of each of the U, V, and W phase windings (three in total) constituting the armature winding 12 (Fig. 1) of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronizer. And terminals 33a and 33b (two in total) of the electromagnetic windings 32 (32a and 32b) are accommodated.

The electromagnet winding 32 is a conducting wire different from the armature winding 12, and either one of the terminals 33a and 33b serves as a current input terminal, and one of them becomes a current output terminal. In the three-phase switching device, by configuring the electromagnetic windings 32 (32a, 32b) in common, the three-phase winding connection can be switched simultaneously by a single current input / output to the terminals 33a, 33b.

According to the structure of this embodiment, compared with the prior art which installed the switching device 40 outside the pressure vessel 22, while not incurring cost increase, it does not complicate the structure of a compressor, and pressures a switching device. It becomes possible to install in a container. In addition, the compressor 100 can expand the variable speed driving range. In particular, by connecting in series at low speed, the compressor 100 can improve control response and improve maximum torque. At the same time, the current reduction can reduce the inverter conduction loss, reduce the temperature rise of the semiconductor element, and improve the inverter efficiency. At the same time, since the carrier harmonic component of the motor current is reduced by the inductance increase by the series connection, effects such as iron loss reduction and temperature rise relaxation of the motor can be obtained.

(Modification of First Embodiment)

Here, in the case of the switching device (monostat) which needs to flow a current normally for the purpose of maintaining a connection state, a relay is set so that the electric current which energizes the electromagnet winding 32 will be less than the electric current which energizes the armature winding 12. Configure. Thereby, the terminals 33a and 33b can be made smaller than the terminals 31u, 31v, and 31w, and the switching device 40 can be provided without causing the terminal box 30 to be enlarged.

On the other hand, in the case of a switching device (bi-stable relay) that needs to flow current only when switching winding connections, the relay is configured so that the current passing through the electromagnet winding 32 is larger than the current passing through the armature winding 12. You may also Since the electromagnet winding 32 is not energized normally, the terminals 33a and 33b can be made smaller than the terminals 31u, 31v and 31w even in this case.

Therefore, the switching device 40 can be provided without causing the enlargement of the terminal box 30. The terminals 33a and 33b may be provided anywhere as long as the free space of the terminal box 30 can be effectively utilized.

The control circuit 70 is configured using a semiconductor element such as a transistor, and controls the energizing current of the electromagnet winding 32 constituting the relay. In addition, when a relay is connected to an electric motor, a large current flows at the moment when a contact is turned on, and sparking may occur at a contact, and there may be a phenomenon. In order to prevent this, a spark killer (electronic component in which a capacitor and a resistor are connected in series) or a varistor (semiconductor element that absorbs overvoltage) may be incorporated in the pressure vessel 22 and connected in parallel with the contact.

As mentioned above, although the case where the switching device of three phases was comprised by the common winding was demonstrated, you may comprise the switching device of each phase by another winding, and in that case, by providing the terminal corresponding to each winding in a terminal box, It is possible to switch the winding connections of each of the three phases independently. As long as the terminal of a switching device can utilize the empty space of the terminal box 30 effectively, you may provide where.

Next, in FIG. 2, the case where switching device Sa, Sb is comprised by the relay using a semiconductor element is demonstrated. Since the switching operation of the element is performed electronically by the action of the electronic circuit, a signal line and a power supply line for inputting a switching signal are required instead of the electromagnetic winding 32.

However, also in this case, one end of the signal line A is connected to the terminal 33a provided in the terminal box 30, and the other end is connected to the terminal 33b. By inputting a single signal to the terminals 33a and 33b, two switching devices Sa and Sb can be operated simultaneously. However, since the terminal of a signal line can be designed small as mentioned later, you may comprise switching device Sa and switching device Sb with different signal lines, and may provide a new terminal different from terminal 33a, 33b. By setting it as such a structure, it becomes possible to switch switching device Sa and switching device Sb independently.

When the first windings U1, V1, W1 and the second windings U2, V2, W2 are connected in series, the terminals Tb1 and Tb3 are connected, and the terminals Ta3 and the terminal Ta2 are connected. On the other hand, when connecting in parallel, the terminal Tb1 and the terminal Tb2 are connected, and the terminal Ta1 and the terminal Ta2 are connected. The neutral point 50a and the neutral point 50b may be separated and may be short-circuited.

(Second Embodiment)

It is a figure which shows the connection structure of the armature winding of a compressor which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and a switching device. In FIG. 5, the same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant descriptions are avoided.

The difference between the configuration of FIG. 5 and the configuration of FIG. 2 is that the armature winding 12 of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronizer 24 (FIG. 1) has three windings U1, U2, U3, V1, V2, V3) and (W1, W2, W3). As a result, the compressor 100b has the third windings U3, V3, W3, the terminals Tc, Td, the electromagnet windings 32c, 32d, and the neutral point (3) of the compressor 100a (FIG. 2). 50c) is added. In connection with this, four electromagnet windings 32 (32a, 32b, 32c, 32d) are connected in series, and are connected to the control apparatus 70 via the terminals 33a, 33b.

Specifically, the terminal Ta2 and the connection point of one end of the second windings U2, V2, W2 and the terminal Tc1 are connected, the one end of the terminal Tc2 and the third windings U3, V3, W3 are connected, and the third winding U3, V3 The other end of W3 and the neutral point 50c are connected.

Further, the other end of the second windings U2, V2, W2 and the terminal Td1 are connected, the terminal Td2 and the neutral point 50b are connected, and the terminal Td3 and the terminal Tc3 are connected.

When the first windings U1, V1, W1, the second windings U2, V2, W2 and the third windings U3, V3, W3 are connected in series, the terminal Tb1 and the terminal Tb3 are connected, and the terminal Ta3 And terminal Ta2 are connected, terminal Td1 and terminal Td3 are connected, and terminal Tc3 (Tc3U, Tc3V, Tc3W) and terminal Tc2 (Tc2U, Tc2V, Tc2W) are connected.

On the other hand, in the case where the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding are respectively connected in parallel, the terminal Tb1 and the terminal Tb2 are connected, the terminal Ta1 and the terminal Ta2 are connected, the terminal Tc1 and the terminal Tc2 are connected, and the terminal Td1 is connected. And terminal Td2 are connected. The neutral point 50a, the neutral point 50b, and the neutral point 50c may be separated and may be short-circuited.

In addition, the structure of the terminal box 30a is the same as that of FIG. That is, the number of terminals of the terminal box 30a is five. In the case of a relay using a semiconductor element, since the weak current acts as a switching signal, the terminals 33a and 33b can be made smaller than the terminals 31u, 31v and 31w. For this reason, the switching device 40 can be provided without causing enlargement of the terminal box 30. In addition, also when comprised with three or more windings of each phase like FIG. 4, the switching device 40 can be comprised by the relay using a semiconductor element similarly.

(Modification of 2nd Embodiment)

In the above, the connection structure in the case where the armature winding 12 of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronizer consists of two windings of each phase and the three windings was demonstrated. Here, in the case where the armature winding 12 is composed of n windings of each phase (n is a natural number), the series connection and the parallel connection can be switched in the same manner. In addition, when the armature winding 12 is composed of 2n windings of each phase, two parallel windings may be connected in series.

Similarly, when the armature winding 12 is composed of m x n windings (m is a natural number of 3 or more) in each phase, m windings in parallel may be connected in series. In addition, you may connect so that only a part of winding may be energized instead of energizing all the some winding which comprises the armature winding 12 in the above.

(Third Embodiment)

Fig. 6 is a connection diagram of the armature winding and the switching device of the compressor of the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant descriptions are avoided.

6 is different from FIG. 2 in that the terminal 31w of the W-phase winding also serves as the terminal of the electromagnet winding 32 (indicated by 32a and 32b in FIG. 7), and instead of the control device 70, an inverter The switch 63 (63a, 63b, 63c) is provided in the primary side of (60).

In other words, in the compressor 100c, the negative electrode of the DC power supply 61 is connected to the terminal 63c of the switch, the terminal 63a is connected to the inverter 60, and the terminal 63b and the terminal box 30b. Terminal 33a is connected.

One end of the electromagnet winding 32 is connected to the terminal 31w of the terminal box 30b, the other end is connected to the terminal 33a, and further connected to the terminal 63b. At this time, the terminal box 30b has a configuration as shown in FIG. 7. The switching device 40 (Sa (represented as Sau, Sav, Saw in each of the three phases in Fig. 7), Sb (represented as Sbu, Sbv, Sbw in each of the three phases in Fig. 7)) is provided only at the time of switching of the winding connection. It is set as the switching device (bistable relay) which needs to flow an electric current. That is, in the switching operation, the motor drive is once stopped, the current for the switching operation is supplied as it is, and the motor is restarted.

At the time of driving of the permanent magnet synchronizer 24, the negative side terminal 62 of the DC power supply 61 is connected to the terminal 63a, and a DC voltage is supplied to the inverter circuit 60. At this time, since the terminal 63b is open, no current flows through the electromagnet winding 32. On the other hand, when operating the switching device 40 (Sa, Sb), the terminal 63c is connected to the terminal 63b, and it is closed by the DC power supply 61 and the electromagnetic windings 32 (32a, 32b). Configure the circuit. By appropriately controlling the inverter circuit 60, an appropriate current is supplied to the electromagnetic winding 32, and the winding connection can be switched. At this time, since the terminal 63a is open, no current flows through any of the windings constituting the armature winding 12.

In addition, one end of the electromagnet winding 32 may be connected to the terminal 31u or the terminal 31v instead of connecting to the terminal 31w.

7 is a front view of the terminal box used for the compressor of the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant descriptions are avoided. In FIG. 5, the same point as FIG. 4 is that the electromagnet winding 32 (not shown) of the switching device 40 (not shown) is comprised from the conductor wire different from the armature winding 12. As shown in FIG.

On the other hand, the difference is that one of the terminals 31u, 31v, 31w of each of the U, V, and W phase windings also serves as the terminal of the electromagnet winding 32. FIG. By setting it as such a structure, since the terminal box 30b has four terminal numbers sufficient, the manufacturing process can be simplified compared with the case of the 5 terminal of FIG. 4, and it leads to cost reduction. In addition, although the three-phase sealing power supply connector attached to the pressure vessel 22 (FIGS. 1 and 2) has little overflow, the 4-terminal connector which added the grounding terminal to each terminal of U, V, and W was used. Is common.

According to the configuration of FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the compressor 100c does not complicate the structure compared with the configuration of FIGS. 2 and 5, and the compressor 100c does not complicate the structure. It is possible to install a, and can extend the variable speed operation range. In particular, when the compressor 100c is connected in series at low speed operation, the control response and the maximum torque can be improved. At the same time, the compressor 100c can reduce the inverter conduction loss, reduce the temperature rise of the semiconductor element, and improve the inverter efficiency by reducing the current. At the same time, since the carrier harmonic component of the motor current is reduced by the inductance increase in the compressor 100c, the effects of reducing iron loss and reducing the temperature rise of the motor are obtained.

(Fourth Embodiment)

8 is a connection configuration diagram of an armature winding and a winding switching circuit of the compressor of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component as FIG. 6, and overlapping description is avoided.

The difference between the configuration of FIG. 8 and the configuration of FIG. 6 is that the W-phase windings W1 and W2 of the permanent magnet synchronizer 24 (FIG. 1) have a switching device Sa (Sau, Sav, Saw) and Sb (Sbu, Sbv, Sbw). The electromagnet windings 32 (32a, 32b) constituting the s) are connected in series and have no switch 63. By setting it as such a structure, the lead wire of the electromagnet winding 32 which comprises the switching device 40 becomes unnecessary, and it is enough for the terminal box 30c to have three terminal numbers. For this reason, the compressor 100d can simplify a manufacturing process further compared with the 4 terminal of FIG. 7, and leads to cost reduction. The W-phase winding and the electromagnetic winding 32 may be connected in parallel instead of in series. In addition, a U phase winding or a V phase winding may be used instead of the W phase winding.

At the time of driving the permanent magnet synchronizer 24, the switching device is configured such that the value of the current flowing through the electromagnet winding 32 is sufficiently smaller than the current value required for the switching operation. In other words, when the switching devices Sa and Sb are operated, the switching device is configured such that a current larger than the maximum current value required for driving the motor is required and is smaller than the overcurrent detection value of the inverter circuit 60. Control to be current.

Here, in the configuration shown in Fig. 8, since the impedance of the W-phase winding is larger than that of the other phases, there is a possibility of causing three-phase unbalance. Therefore, in order to eliminate the unbalance of impedance, each winding of three phases is comprised so that it may become series connection or parallel connection with the electromagnetic winding 32. As shown in FIG. When the switching device is operated, the switching device is configured so that a current larger than the maximum current value required for driving the motor is required, and the switching device is controlled to be a current smaller than the overcurrent detection value of the inverter circuit 60. By doing in this way, malfunction, such as a switching device switching at will, at the time of an electric motor drive can be prevented.

In addition, when a relay is connected to an electric motor, a large current flows at the instant when the contact is turned on, and sparking may occur at the contact, which may cause a scissor to occur. In order to prevent this, a spark killer (electronic component in which a capacitor and a resistor are connected in series) or a varistor (semiconductor element that absorbs overvoltage) may be incorporated in the compression vessel 22 and connected in parallel with the contact.

According to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a switching device without increasing the cost and to complicate the structure of the compressor, and to expand the variable speed driving range. Particularly, when the low speed operation is performed in series, the control response and the maximum torque can be improved. At the same time, the current reduction can reduce the inverter conduction loss, reduce the temperature rise of the semiconductor element, and improve the inverter efficiency. At the same time, the carrier harmonic component of the motor current is reduced by increasing the inductance, so that effects such as iron loss reduction and temperature rise relaxation of the motor can be obtained.

(Fifth Embodiment)

Each said embodiment does not consider the structure of switching device 40 (Sa, Sb) at all.

In this embodiment, the switching device 40 of the first embodiment is connected with the terminal Ta3W and the terminal Tb3W, the terminal Ta3V and the terminal Tb3V are connected, the terminal Ta3U and the terminal Tb3U are connected, and the terminal Tb2W and the terminal Tb2V. Note that the terminals Tb2U are connected to each other as the neutral point 50a.

FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a terminal portion of a mechanical relay of a general one-circuit two-contact point, and corresponds to the switching device SaU (terminal Ta1U, Ta2U, Ta3U) of FIG. 2. In Fig. 9, the same components as those in Fig. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant descriptions are avoided. The switch-over SaU of FIG. 9 is a structure which maintains a state and moves up and down by the switching operation part (not shown) which generate | occur | produces a spring force and an electromagnetic force. The terminal Ta2U can be connected to the terminal Ta3U via the conductive plate 101, connected to the terminal Ta1U via the conductive plate 102, or can be freely switched.

When the switching device is installed inside the pressure vessel, six mechanical relays as shown in Fig. 9 are required in total. That is, simply combining a conventional one-circuit two-contact mechanical relay complicates the wiring of the terminal portion of the switching device, which complicates the manufacturing process and increases the size of the switching device, resulting in a larger compressor housing. do. Therefore, the wiring of the terminal part and the miniaturization of the switching device are extremely useful in practical use.

10-13 is a structural diagram which realized the wiring simplification and miniaturization of the terminal part of the mechanical relay used for the compressor of this embodiment. In FIGS. 10-13, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component as FIG. 2, and overlapping description is avoided. First, as shown in the side view of FIG. 10, the case where switchers SaU and SbU are arranged in the depth direction of the ground and both of the switchers SaU and SbU are in contact with the conductive plate (first common contact) 101 is considered. Although not shown here, SaV, SbV, SaW, and SbW are arranged in order in the surface depth direction of SaU and SbU. The six switchers are configured to hold state and move up and down by a switching operation unit (not shown) that generates a spring force and an electromagnetic force.

At this time, the wiring of each terminal is as shown in the top view of FIG. 11, the terminal Tb1U and the terminal Ta2U are connected through the electrically conductive plate 101U (equivalent to the terminals Ta3U and Tb3U of FIG. 2), and the terminal Tb1V and the terminal Ta2V are Connected via a conductive plate 101V (corresponding to terminals Ta3V and Tb3V in FIG. 2), terminals Tb1W and terminal Ta2W are connected via a conductive plate 101W (corresponding to terminals Ta3W and Tb3W in FIG. 2), respectively. The terminal is conducting. The conductive plates 101U, 101V, and 101W are insulated from each other by the insulating material 104.

On the other hand, as shown in the other side view of FIG. 12, the switchers SaU and SbU are arranged in the ground depth direction, the switcher SaU is in contact with the conductive plate (independent contact) 102, and the switcher SbU is the conductive plate (second common contact). Consider the case where it is in contact with (103). Although not shown here, the converters SaV, SbV, SaW, and SbW are arranged in order in the ground depth direction of the converters SaU and SbU. The six switching devices are configured to hold state and move up and down by a switching operation unit (not shown) that generates a spring force and an electromagnetic force.

At this time, the wiring of each terminal is as shown in the other top view of FIG. 13, and the terminal Tb1U, the terminal Tb1V, and the terminal Tb1W are mutually connected through the electrically conductive plate 103 (equivalent to the neutral point 50a), and terminal Ta1U and terminal Ta2U Is connected through the conductive plate 102U, the terminal Ta1V and the terminal Ta2V are connected through the conductive plate 102V, and the terminal Ta1W and the terminal Ta2W are connected through the conductive plate 102W, respectively.

As described above, by setting the winding switching device to the sidewalks B and C, the wiring of the terminal portion can be simplified and downsized.

(Modified example)

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible, for example, as follows.

(1) Although each said embodiment demonstrated the case where it applied to the compressor provided with the compression part and the rotary electric machine, it is applicable also to sealed rotary electric machines, such as a general-purpose motor.

1: rotor
3: permanent magnet
4: caulking bolt
6: crankshaft
7: magnetic insertion hole
9: stator
12: armature winding
13: fixed scroll member
14: end plate
15: swirl shape wrap
16: turning scroll member
17: end plate
18: Swirl Shape Wrap
19, 10a, 19b: compression chamber
20 discharge port
21: Frame
22: pressure vessel
23: discharge pipe
24 permanent magnet synchronous machine (rotary electric machine)
25: oil reservoir
26: oil hole
27: sliding bearing
28: compression unit
30, 30a, 30b, 30c: terminal box
31, 31U, 31V, 31W: Terminal
32, 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d: electromagnet winding
33, 33a, 33b, 33c, 62: terminals
40: switching device
50, 50a, 50b, 50c: neutral point
60: inverter (polyphase AC power)
61: DC power
63: switch
70: control circuit
100, 100a, 100b, 100c, 100d: compressor (sealed rotary electric machine)

Claims (12)

A compressor having a rotating electric machine in which a plurality of windings are wound on each phase,
A switching device for switching the plurality of windings to either one of a series connection and a parallel connection;
A pressure vessel for storing the rotary electric machine and the switching device therein;
The switching device is configured to mechanically switch contacts using an electromagnet,
The pressure vessel is provided with a single sealing connector having a terminal for drawing out the end of the winding to the outside and another terminal,
And both ends of the electromagnet winding of the electromagnet are configured to be drawn out of the pressure vessel through the other terminal. A compressor having a rotating electric machine in which a plurality of windings are wound on each phase,
A switching device for switching the plurality of windings to either one of a series connection and a parallel connection;
A pressure vessel for storing the rotary electric machine and the switching device therein;
The switching device is configured to mechanically switch contacts using an electromagnet,
The pressure vessel installs a single terminal box for drawing the end of the winding to the outside,
The electromagnet is provided with a plurality,
And both ends of the electromagnet winding in which the plurality of electromagnets are connected in series are configured to be drawn out of the pressure vessel through the terminal box. The method of claim 2,
The switching device is a six-circuit configuration using a mechanical relay of two circuits and two contacts for each phase,
The second circuit includes a first circuit having a first common contact common to each circuit in each circuit and a second common contact common to all phases for each phase, and a first circuit having independent contacts independent for each of the first common contact and phases. Consists of 2 circuits,
The first terminal connected to any one of the first common contact point and the second common contact point, and the second terminal connected to any one of the first common contact point and the independent contact point are the end portions of any one of the windings. Connected to
And said independent contact point is connected to a terminal end of said other winding and a terminal of a polyphase AC power supply. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The rotary electric machine is a three-phase AC motor,
The both ends are one end is common with the end of the winding of at least one phase of the winding,
The terminal box is composed of four terminals. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The electromagnet is inserted into a winding of at least one phase of the winding wound on the rotary electric machine,
The terminal box is composed of three terminals. The method of claim 5,
At the time of switching operation, the electric current which energizes the winding of the said switching device is input through a control circuit,
The control circuit controls the compressor so as to be larger than the maximum current value required when the motor is driven. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The conducting wire which energizes the said electromagnet is comprised using the conducting wire different from the said electromagnet winding,
The terminal box is composed of five terminals. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The said switching device is a structure which switches a contact point electronically using a semiconductor element. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The said switching device is a compressor characterized by the terminal connection part covered with high heat resistant resin or a nonelectroconductive member. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The terminal connection part of the said switching device is connected with any one or a combination of a spark killer and a varistor, The compressor characterized by the above-mentioned. In a hermetic rotary electric machine in which a plurality of windings are wound for each phase,
A switching device for switching the plurality of windings to either one of a series connection and a parallel connection;
A pressure vessel accommodating the winding and the switching device therein;
The switching device is configured to mechanically switch contacts using an electromagnet,
The pressure vessel installs a single terminal box for drawing the end of the winding to the outside,
The electromagnet is provided with a plurality,
Both ends of the electromagnet winding in which the plurality of electromagnets are connected in series are configured to be drawn out of the pressure vessel through the terminal box. delete

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