KR101284357B1 - Friction plate for sliding of industry maching device and method of producing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sliding friction plate member of an industrial machine and a method of manufacturing the same, and the conventional friction plate member is formed of only expensive copper alloy, so that the price is too expensive, the density is high, and the unit weight is large, causing the cost increase. Many.
Accordingly, the present invention is a friction surface 11 is provided on one side, the surface layer portion 10 is formed of a copper alloy material; A support 20 for supporting the bottom of the surface layer 10 and formed of a steel (mild steel) material; Is bonded by a joining means to form a joining material 1, and the joining material 1 includes a plurality of holes (from the friction surface 11 of the surface layer portion 10 to a part of the support 20 or the bottom of the support 20). 30) and a sliding friction plate member of an industrial machine, in which graphite rods 40 are inserted in each hole 30, and the surface layer portion having a friction surface is thinned to 5 mm or less with expensive copper alloy materials. It is formed, the support portion is formed of a low-cost steel (mild steel) material, so that the weight is reduced and the price is lower than the conventional copper alloy material only friction plate member is excellent in price competitiveness.

Description

Friction plate for sliding of industry machinery and its manufacturing method {Friction plate for sliding of industry maching device and method of producing same}

The present invention is to provide a sliding friction plate member for industrial machinery and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, a site where abrasion is a problem due to the friction operation that is repeatedly hit and slide in a mechanical device used in the industrial field, such as a mold system The friction plate member installed on the friction surface is formed by the surface layer of copper alloy, and the lower part is formed by the support of low-cost steel (mild steel) material, so that the weight is reduced and the price is low, and the body is made of steel material. The present invention relates to a sliding friction plate member and a method of manufacturing the same, which is higher than the conventional case.

In general, various mechanical devices used in general industrial fields are installed with replaceable friction plate members on the friction surface where sliding wear is problematic due to repeated friction sliding, which extends the life of the mechanical device due to wear of the friction surface. I'm making it.

Oilless bearings are the main products of the friction plate member, and more specifically, bearing bushings, guide bushings, flanged bushings, wear plates, thrust washers and sliding plates. There are many products.

The oilless bearing is also referred to as a bearing, which is self-lubricating and does not require lubrication during use. It is difficult to lubricate parts or structures that require continuous operation without stopping the machine. It is a bearing installed in a difficult part.

In addition, a wear plate or a sliding plate that is made in a plate shape is a plate of a non-lubrication structure that does not require oiling during use, and is a plate product that can be replaced in a place where wear is a problem due to repeated sliding friction. .

Products such as oilless bearings and wear plates such as oil-free bearings mentioned above are made of porous materials, and are generally used in places where the load is low and the speed is not high. Most of them are made of copper alloy, but they have a cavity by heat-treating cast iron. There is one.

However, when the friction plate member such as the oilless bearing and the wear plate is formed of a steel-based material, the friction surfaces in contact with each other are easily squeezed, so that the friction is not smooth and the noise is severely generated. Since the service life is short and the friction plate member needs to be replaced from time to time, the maintenance cost is excessive.

In order to solve the above problems, in the industrial fields such as automobile molds, a friction plate member formed by forming a plurality of holes in a friction plate body made of bronze or brass alloy by machining and inserting a graphite rod into the hole is used for oilless bearing and wear plate. It is used for such products.

In other words, the wear plate has a high elastic modulus and high tensile strength and hardness compared to copper (Cu), and wear plate of sliding plate member made of phosphor bronze, tin bronze, lead bronze, aluminum bronze, and high-strength brass alloy with high wear resistance. Used in oilless bearings, the friction plate member of the copper alloy is widely used in various industrial tools such as sliding wear.

However, friction plate members made of copper alloys such as phosphor bronze, tin bronze, lead bronze, aluminum bronze, and high-strength brass mentioned above have a problem that the unit weight is high due to the high density and high density compared to steel materials. Due to the large number of factors, companies using wear plates or oilless bearings made of copper alloy friction plate members may not increase price competitiveness.

Thus, the present invention was developed to solve the problems of the conventional friction plate member is formed of the entire body of the copper alloy material as described above, the object of the present invention is the dissimilar material of the copper alloy and steel (mild steel) The present invention provides a sliding friction plate member of an industrial machine which can reduce weight and increase strength, and can reduce cost compared to a friction plate member made of only copper alloy.

Another object of the present invention is the heterogeneous by various brazing methods using a copper alloy surface layer part and a steel (mild steel) support base constituting a friction plate member of a dissimilar material as a gas, an atmosphere, a continuous furnace, and a high frequency heating device. It is to provide a method of manufacturing a friction plate member for sliding of industrial machinery that can reduce the weight and reduce the overall cost by bonding.

The object of the present invention is to constitute a friction plate member for industrial machinery using copper alloy, but the part having the friction surface is formed by the surface layer portion of the copper alloy, and beneath it is provided with a support of steel (mild steel) material, the surface layer portion is a different material And the support base are joined to each other by a joining means, and a plurality of holes are formed from the friction surface of the surface layer to a part of the support or the bottom of the support. It is achieved by constructing the member.

This configuration can be achieved effectively because the weight can be reduced and the cost is reduced compared to the friction plate member made of only a conventional copper alloy material can be achieved cost effectively.

Another object of the present invention is to produce a friction plate member for industrial machinery using copper alloy, and the friction surface portion is formed of the surface layer of copper alloy, and in the case of a material containing aluminum in the copper alloy, the wettability when brazing is improved. A first step of stacking copper (Ni) or nickel (Ni) plated copper alloy and a support plate made of steel (mild steel) under the surface layer, and then placing the overlapped surface layer and the support material in a joint path; A second step of joining and quenching by brazing joining using a brazing insert that pressurizes and heats the surface layer portion and the support; A third step of processing a plurality of holes having a predetermined position, diameter, and length in accordance with a specification in a bonding material to which the surface layer portion and the support are bonded, and inserting graphite rods into the holes; A fourth step of finishing the upper and lower surfaces and the side surfaces of the bonding material into which the graphite rod is inserted by machining or grinding; The above object can be achieved because the present invention can provide a method of manufacturing a friction plate member for sliding of an industrial machine, which can reduce the weight and lower the cost.

In the present invention, as the expensive copper alloy material, only the surface layer portion having the friction surface is formed to be thinner than 5 mm, and the support base is formed of inexpensive steel (mild steel) material, and the friction plate member is formed of different materials. Compared to the friction plate member made of material alone, the weight is reduced and the price is low, so that significant cost reduction can be achieved, and thus the price competitiveness is excellent.

1 is a perspective view showing an example of a wear plate made of a friction plate material of the present invention
Figure 2a is a cross-sectional view of a state in which a hole for inserting the graphite rod in the bonding material bonded to the surface layer portion and the support portion which is a different material in the present invention
Figure 2b is a cross-sectional view of the graphite rod inserted into the hole of the bonding material bonded to the surface layer portion and the support portion, which is a different material in the present invention;
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a brazing insert is inserted and joined between a surface layer portion and a support portion, which are different materials of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a front schematic view showing a state of charging in the furnace with a pressure rod for brazing the friction plate material of the present invention
5 is a front schematic view showing a state where the charging plate is placed in a furnace without a pressure rod for brazing the friction plate material of the present invention;

Hereinafter, the preferred configuration and operation for achieving the above object of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view showing an example of a wear plate made of a friction plate material of the present invention.

As shown therein, the present invention has a friction surface 11 having repeated friction in forming a friction plate member for industrial machinery by plating or surface treatment with copper alloy or copper (Cu) or nickel (Ni). The part is formed of the surface layer portion 10 of the copper alloy, the lower portion is formed of a support (20) made of steel (mild steel), the surface material portion 10 and the support 20 of the dissimilar materials are joined by a joining means (1). ) Is characterized in that the configuration.

In the joining material 1, a plurality of holes 30 are formed in the bonding surface 1 from the friction surface 11 of the surface layer portion 10 to a part of the support 20 or the bottom of the support 20, and each hole 30 is formed. It is a sliding friction plate member of the industrial machinery characterized in that the graphite rod 40 made of a length corresponding to the depth of the hole 30 is fitted into each fixed.

Figure 2a is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the hole 30 formed to insert the graphite rod 40 in the bonding material bonded to the surface layer portion 10 and the support portion which is a different material in the present invention.

In FIG. 2A, the hole 30 formed in the joining material 1 in which the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20 are heterogeneously bonded is formed in the form of a “groove” that does not completely penetrate the support 20. According to this hole 30 may be completely penetrated to the bottom of the support 20, in this case, the graphite rod 40 is made of a length corresponding to the depth of the through hole 30 is fitted.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a brazing insert is inserted and joined between a surface layer portion and a support portion, which are different materials of the present invention.

As shown therein, the heterojunction means of the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20 inserts the brazing insert 50 between the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20 and then heats the furnace. It is characterized in that the brazing joint (Brazed joint) to melt the brazing insert 50 by using the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20 to be bonded to each other.

Here, the brazing insert 50 is preferably a material of the BAg system prescribed by the American Welding Society, and may be used a variety of silver lead insert 50, the overall weight is It can be reduced and the price can be lowered.

In addition, the surface layer portion 10 is formed of any one of the copper alloy of "phosphor bronze, tin bronze, lead bronze, aluminum bronze and high-strength brass," which has a high elastic modulus and high tensile strength and hardness compared to general copper, and which has a high wear resistance. It is preferable that the thickness t of the surface layer part 10 be 2.2 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

The thinner the thickness t of the copper alloy forming the surface layer portion, the greater the cost reduction effect.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a friction plate member composed of different materials of the present invention will be described by embodiments.

First Embodiment Method of Manufacturing Friction Plate Member by Brazing Joining

First step (layout stage and support stage)

4 is a front schematic view showing a state in which the friction plate material is charged and placed in the chamber of the furnace for brazing the friction plate material of the present invention as an example, and FIG. 5 is a furnace without pressure bar material of the present invention. It is a front schematic drawing which showed the state of charging arrangement in the inside.

As shown in the first step, the support 20 of the mild steel material, the brazing insert 50 and the surface layer part 10 of the copper alloy material are sequentially arranged in the joint path 100 provided with the heating means 120. It is a step of overlapping and placing inside the furnace.

2nd step (Joining of surface layer and support)

This step is a step of brazing and joining the support 20, the insert 50, and the surface layer 10, which are overlapped with each other and disposed in the furnace, by the heating means 120.

At the time of brazing bonding, as shown in FIG. 4, when the pressure rods 110a and 110b are provided in the bonding path 100, the heating means 120 may be heated regardless of the upper and lower positions of the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20. What is necessary is just to press together by pressing rod 110a, 110b.

However, when there is no pressure rods 110a and 110b in the joining path 100 as shown in FIG. 5, the surface layer 10 of the copper alloy is positioned below and the support 20 made of steel (mild steel) is placed thereon. It is preferable to join so that deformation as little as possible after joining and a press effect at the time of joining are given.

In addition, it is preferable that the thickness t of the surface layer part 10 be 2.2 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

The heating means 120 is preferably a heater that can maintain the inside of the junction at a high temperature, but may be used other heating mechanism than the heater.

It is preferable to heat said junction temperature conditions to the temperature of 620 degreeC or more and 1000 degrees or less.

That is, if the bonding temperature is lower than 620 degrees Celsius, the insert 50 is hardly melted, and if the bonding temperature is too high, a locally melted portion may occur due to the liquefaction of the grain boundary of the copper alloy material.

Here, the brazing insert 50 is a material of the BAg system prescribed by the American Welding Society (American Welding Society) and the alloys mainly use the following.

First: Ag-Cu-Zn such as BAg-1, BAg-1a, BAg-2, BAg-2a, BAg-3 containing Ag (silver), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), Cd (cadmium) -Cd inserts.

Secondly, Ag-Cu-Zn-based inserts such as BAg-4, BAg-5, BAg-6, BAg-7 and BAg-20 containing Ag, Cu and Zn and not containing Cd.

Third: BAg-8, BAg-8a, BAg-13, BAg-13a, BAg- containing Ag and Cu and containing a small amount of Ni (nickel) or Sn (tin) or Li (lithium) or P (phosphorus) Inserts of Ag-Cu system such as 18, BAg-19, BAg-21 and the like.

Fourth: In the case of joining in a vacuum furnace, inserts of BVAg-0, BVAg-6b, BVAg-8, BVAg-8b, and BVAg-8c dedicated for vacuum joining.

When brazing in the air by using the Ag-Cu-Zn-Cd-based insert 50 and the Ag-Cu-Zn-based insert 50, the flux is formed between the joining surface and the insert 50. If it is to be applied, charged in a furnace and heated, and the flux residue treatment is to be omitted after joining, it is preferable to join in an atmosphere or a continuous furnace without applying flux.

At this time, if the atmosphere to the atmosphere is hydrogen, argon and nitrogen atmosphere, it is possible to prevent oxidation of the raw material and the joint.

And, at the junction temperature when using the insert 50

-BAg-1 is above 618 degrees Celsius, BAg-1a is above 635 degrees Celsius

-BAg-2 is above 702 degrees Celsius, BAg-2a is above 710 degrees Celsius

-BAg-3 is above 688 degrees Celsius, BAg-4 is above 779 degrees Celsius

-BAg-5 is above 743 degrees Celsius, BAg-6 is above 774 degrees Celsius

-BAg-7 should be at least 652 degrees Celsius and BAg-21 should be at least 766 degrees Celsius.

And in the case of BAg-8, BAg-8a, BAg-13a, BAg-18, and BAg-19 which are Ag-Cu system insert 50, it can join in an atmosphere or a vacuum furnace.

In this case, it is possible to join without flux, so the bonding environment is very clean and no harmful gas is not a problem, but it is efficient but the vacuum degree is low vacuum, that is, below 10-3 Torr atmospheric pressure or evacuated by vacuum Join inside by replacing with Ar (argon) gas, nitrogen or hydrogen.

And if the atmosphere control is cumbersome or oxidation is a problem, the surface layer portion (10) of the copper alloy material-brazing insert (50)-mild steel material support (20) in the order of lamination to the vacuum furnace and evacuated by vacuum After filling, the inside of the vacuum chamber is filled with Ar (argon) gas or nitrogen gas, and heated and joined.

The heat bonding time of the various brazing inserts 50 is preferably in the range of 1 minute to 20 minutes at the above bonding temperature in order to obtain a healthy joint.

If the brazing time is too long, solid-liquid separation may occur and erosion may be a problem.

Thereafter, cooling is performed to form a joining material 1 in which the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20 are satisfactorily joined.

If the surface layer 10 is made of a copper alloy of aluminum bronze, if necessary, after the completion of the bonding, gas is sprayed to cool as soon as possible, or heated to 850 degrees Celsius or more and 900 degrees or less, and then quenched with water to quench (quenching). After that, it is tempered in a furnace of 550 degrees Celsius or more to secure hardness and toughness.

Third step (machining of the bonding material and installing the graphite rod)

As described above, a plurality of holes 30 having a predetermined position, diameter and length are machined to the joining material 1 formed by joining the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20 to the standard.

Then, an adhesive is applied to each of the processed holes 30, and a graphite rod 40 having a length corresponding to the depth of the holes 30 is inserted into the holes 30 and bonded.

4th step (Finishing step)

As described above, when the upper and lower surfaces and the side surfaces of the bonding material 1 in which the graphite rod 40 is inserted and bonded to the holes 30 are finished by machining or grinding, the surface layer 10 and the support 20 are different from each other. The friction plate member which consists of the heterogeneous material of this invention which is a material is completed.

Thus, the friction plate member of the present invention completed by the brazing joining method is significantly reduced in weight and inexpensive compared to the friction plate member made of conventional copper alloy only by using the insert 50 to join the dissimilar material, which is a considerable cost The savings can be achieved.

In the present invention, in the case of a special bearing bushing or a guide bushing in which the friction surface 11 is to be provided on both the inner and outer circumferential surfaces, the friction surface on both the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface with the support 20 formed of a copper alloy material therebetween. What is necessary is just to join and comprise the surface layer part 10 with (11).

1 bonding material 10 surface layer part
11: friction surface 20: support
30 hole 40 graphite rod
50: brazing insert t: thickness
100: junction 110a, 110b: pressure rod
120: heating means

Claims (12)

In forming a friction plate member for industrial machinery by plating or surface treatment with copper alloy or copper (Cu) or nickel (Ni),
The friction surface 11 is provided on one side, and the surface layer portion 10 formed of a copper alloy material; A support 20 for supporting the bottom of the surface layer 10 and formed of a steel (mild steel) material; Insert the brazing insert 50 between the brazing and brazing in the furnace to form the joining material 1,
A plurality of holes 30 are formed in the joining material 1 from the friction surface 11 of the surface layer portion 10 to a part of the support 20 or the bottom of the support 20.
Sliding friction plate member of an industrial machine, characterized in that for each hole 30 is fitted with a graphite rod 40 of a length corresponding to the depth of the hole (30).
delete delete In the method of manufacturing a friction plate member for industrial machinery from copper alloy,
It is formed of a copper alloy, the surface layer portion 10 having a friction surface 11, the brazing insert 50, formed of a steel (mild steel) material, the lamination of the support 20 for supporting the surface layer portion 10 in turn A first step of disposing in a furnace equipped with 120;
The second step of brazing and joining the support 20 and the surface layer portion 10 by the brazing insert 50 that melts when heated by the heating means 120 of the furnace to the bonding material 1, and then heat treatment Wow;
Machining the bonding material 1 formed by joining, processing a plurality of holes 30 having a predetermined position, diameter and length in accordance with the standard, the length corresponding to the depth of the hole 30 in each hole 30 A third step of adhering and installing the graphite rod 40 by adhesive;
A fourth step of finishing the upper and lower surfaces and the side surfaces of the bonding material 1 by machining or grinding; Made of different materials by
On the conditions of the joining temperature and the joining time when brazing bonding the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20, which are different materials in the second step, with the insert 50,
The junction temperature condition is a temperature of 620 degrees Celsius or more and 1000 degrees or less,
Bonding time is to be heat-bonded within the range of 1 minute to 20 minutes at the junction temperature conditions
Method for producing a sliding friction plate member of an industrial machinery.
delete The method of claim 4, wherein
The brazing insert 50 for bonding the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20, which are different materials,
Ag-Cu-Zn-Cd family of BAg-1, BAg-1a, BAg-2, BAg-2a, BAg-3 containing Ag (silver), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), Cd (cadmium) Insert,
Ag-Cu-Zn based inserts of BAg-4, BAg-5, BAg-6, BAg-7 and BAg-20 containing Ag, Cu, Zn but not Cd,
BAg-8, BAg-8a, BAg-13, BAg-13a, BAg-18, containing Ag and Cu and containing a small amount of Ni (nickel), Sn (tin) or Li (lithium) or P (phosphorus); BAg-19, BAg-21, Ag-Cu strain inserts,
Method for producing a sliding friction plate member of the industrial machinery, characterized in that any one of.
The method of claim 4, wherein
The brazing insert 50 when joining the surface layer portion 10 and the support 20 which are different materials in a vacuum furnace,
Insertion material for BVAg-0, BVAg-6b, BVAg-8, BVAg-8b, and BVAg-8c dedicated to vacuum bonding
Method for producing a sliding friction plate member of the industrial machinery, characterized in that any one of.
The method according to claim 6,
When brazing using the Ag-Cu-Zn-Cd-based insert 50 and the Ag-Cu-Zn-based insert 50, the flux is applied between the joining surface and the insert 50 to Charge to the heating,
A method of manufacturing a sliding friction plate member for an industrial machinery, characterized in that the joining in an atmosphere or in a continuous furnace when the flux residue treatment is to be omitted after joining.
The method according to claim 6,
At the junction temperature when using the brazing insert 50
-BAg-1 is above 618 degrees Celsius, BAg-1a is above 635 degrees Celsius
-BAg-2 is above 702 degrees Celsius, BAg-2a is above 710 degrees Celsius
-BAg-3 is above 688 degrees Celsius, BAg-4 is above 779 degrees Celsius
-BAg-5 is above 743 degrees Celsius, BAg-6 is above 774 degrees Celsius
-BAg-7 is over 652 degrees Celsius, BAg-21 is over 766 degrees Celsius
Method for producing a sliding friction plate member of an industrial machinery.
The method according to claim 6,
The insert 50 at the time of bonding the surface layer part 10 and the support stand 20 which are different materials in an atmosphere or a vacuum furnace,
A method of manufacturing a sliding friction plate member for an industrial machinery, characterized in that it is any one of an insert of BAg-8, BAg-8a, BAg-13a, BAg-18, and BAg-19 which is an Ag-Cu system.
The method according to any one of claims 4 and 6 to 10,
The surface layer portion 10 to be brazed in the second step is made of a copper alloy of aluminum bronze,
A method of manufacturing a sliding friction plate member for an industrial machine, characterized by adding a step of rapidly cooling the gas by quenching or quenching with water after completion of the bonding. delete

Images