KR101280445B1 - Underwater discharge apparatus for purifying water - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an underwater discharge device for water purification. Underwater discharge apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, the power supply unit for receiving an external power source and converts it into an AC power source having a voltage of a predetermined size; A voltage amplifier configured to amplify the voltage of the AC power supplied from the power supply; A pulse circuit section for generating a pulse signal from the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifying section; A half-wave rectifier circuit unit configured to generate a half-wave rectified signal by rectifying the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifier; A pulse discharge unit receiving the pulse signal generated by the pulse circuit unit to generate pulse discharge in the fluid; And a capillary discharge unit configured to receive the half-wave rectified signal generated by the half-wave rectifier circuit unit to generate capillary discharge in the fluid. According to the present invention, the pulsed discharge and the plasma discharge are generated at the same time in one reactor so that the contaminated water can be purified stably and effectively. In addition, since the structure for the contaminated water purification is very simple, the installation cost is low, and the electrode array of various structures can be implemented, and thus it is easily applicable to various fields for contaminated water purification.

Description

Underwater discharge device for water purification {UNDERWATER DISCHARGE APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING WATER}

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an underwater discharge apparatus, and relates to a technique for purifying contaminated water using underwater pulse discharge and underwater capillary discharge.

Recently, various methods have been studied for the purpose of purifying contaminated water and removing bacteria. These methods include, for example, a method using ozone, a method of adding chemicals such as chlorine to contaminated water, a method using ultraviolet light, and a method using heat treatment.

However, these methods have problems such as not being able to obtain sufficient purification performance required, excessive costs for treating contaminated water, or unexpected side effects. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for a method for efficiently purifying contaminated water and removing microorganisms such as bacteria.

Embodiments of the present invention have an object to provide an underwater discharge device for stably and effectively purifying contaminated water using high voltage pulse discharge and underwater capillary discharge.

Underwater discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, the power supply unit for receiving the external power and convert it into an AC power having a voltage of a predetermined size; A voltage amplifier configured to amplify the voltage of the AC power supplied from the power supply; A pulse circuit section for generating a pulse signal from the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifying section; A half wave rectifying circuit for rectifying the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifying unit to generate a half wave rectifying signal; A pulse discharge unit receiving the pulse signal generated by the pulse circuit unit to generate pulse discharge in the fluid; And a capillary discharge unit configured to receive the half-wave rectified signal generated by the half-wave rectifier circuit unit to generate capillary discharge in the fluid.

According to the embodiments of the present invention, the pulse discharge and the plasma discharge may occur simultaneously in one reactor to stably and effectively purify contaminated water. In addition, since the structure for the contaminated water purification is very simple, the installation cost is low, and the electrode array of various structures can be implemented, and thus it is easily applicable to various fields for the contaminated water purification.

1 is a block diagram for explaining the underwater discharge device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram showing the detailed configuration of the pulse circuit unit 106 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a half-wave rectifying circuit unit 108 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 illustrates a pulse discharge electrode 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 illustrates a capillary discharge electrode 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining an example in which the pulse discharge electrode 400 and the capillary discharge electrode 500 are arranged in the reactor 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 to 13 are diagrams for explaining experimental examples for explaining the effect of the underwater discharge device 100 according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, this is merely an example and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. The following terms are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, and may be changed according to the intention or custom of the user, the operator, and the like. Therefore, the definition should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

The technical idea of the present invention is determined by the claims, and the following embodiments are merely a means for effectively explaining the technical idea of the present invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

1 is a block diagram for explaining the underwater discharge device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, the underwater discharge device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a power supply unit 102, voltage amplifier 104, pulse circuit unit 106, half-wave rectifier circuit unit 108, pulse discharge unit ( 110 and the capillary discharge portion 112.

The power supply unit 102 receives an external power source (for example, commercial AC power source) and converts it into an AC power source having a voltage of a predetermined size and outputs the converted AC power source. The power supply unit 102 may include a circuit such as a voltage regulator as necessary.

The voltage amplifier 104 amplifies the voltage of the AC power supplied from the power supply 102. The magnitude of the voltage amplified by the voltage amplifier 104 may be appropriately set depending on the magnitude of the voltage required by the pulse circuit 106 and the half-wave rectifier circuit 108 to be described later, the nature of the fluid to be purified, and the like.

The pulse circuit 106 generates a high voltage pulse signal from the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifier 104, and the half-wave rectifier circuit 108 rectifies the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifier 104 to generate a half-wave rectified signal. Create The detailed structure of such a pulse circuit part 106 and the half wave rectification circuit part 108 is mentioned later.

The pulse discharge unit 110 receives the high voltage pulse signal generated by the pulse circuit unit 106 to generate a pulse discharge inside the contaminated fluid. Due to the high voltage pulse discharged from the pulse discharge unit 110, a shock wave is generated inside the contaminated fluid, whereby cell membranes of microorganisms such as E. coli present in the contaminated fluid Destruction will purify the fluid. In addition, reactive species such as OH, O, H, H ₂ O ₂ , HO ₂ , Cl, HCl, etc. are generated in the fluid by the plasma discharged by the capillary discharge part 112 as will be described later. The high-voltage pulse increases the residence time of the active species in the fluid and enhances the purification effect such as microbial sterilization by the active species.

The capillary discharge part 112 receives the half-wave rectified signal generated by the half-wave rectifier circuit 108 to generate a capillary discharge inside the fluid to purify the contaminated fluid. The plasma generated by the capillary discharge decomposes water molecules in the fluid to generate active species such as OH, O, H, H ₂ O ₂ , HO ₂ , Cl, HCl, and the like. Eliminates contaminants (volatile organic compounds, microorganisms, algae, etc.) The purifying effect by the capillary discharge of the capillary discharge unit 112 may be enhanced by the pulse generated by the pulse discharge unit 110. For example, when the outer wall of the microorganism is destroyed by the pulse generated in the pulse discharge unit 110 as described above, the active species generated through the capillary discharge unit 112 act directly into the inside of the microorganism whose outer wall is destroyed. By killing the microorganisms, the microbial sterilization effect can be maximized compared to the case where only the capillary discharge part 112 is provided. In addition, as described above, since the high voltage pulse increases the residence time of the active species in the fluid, the purification effect by the active species itself may also be enhanced.

On the other hand, in order to maximize the above-mentioned effect, the underwater discharge device 100 according to the present invention is preferably configured to be a high voltage pulse discharge to the contaminated fluid first, and then to the capillary discharge. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and it is also possible to configure the underwater discharge device 100 so that high voltage pulse discharge and capillary discharge occur simultaneously, or capillary discharge occurs first.

2 is a diagram showing the detailed configuration of the pulse circuit unit 106 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the pulse circuit unit 106 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes one or more high voltage pulse generation circuits 200. The number of such high voltage pulse generation circuits 200 is determined according to the number of pulse discharge electrodes provided in the pulse discharge unit 110.

Each of the high voltage pulse generation circuits 200 includes a capacitor C having one end connected to a first output terminal of the voltage amplifier 104 and a diode D having one end connected to a second output terminal of the voltage amplifier 104. , One end of the resistor (R) connected to the other end of the diode (D) and the other end of the capacitor (C) and the switch (S) connected to the other end of the resistor (R). At this time, the ground is connected to one end of the capacitor C.

As such, the AC power introduced into the high voltage pulse generation circuit 200 through the first output terminal and the second output terminal is accumulated in the capacitor C, and the charge accumulated in the capacitor C is switched by the switch S. Are periodically discharged to generate a pulse signal. The switch S is formed in an air gap structure, and the air gap is usually maintained in an insulated state, but when the amount of charge accumulated in the capacitor C is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount, the insulated state is broken to output a high voltage pulse. In such a structure, charges accumulated in the capacitor C are concentrated and discharged within a short time (about 90 nS or less), thereby obtaining a large energy in a short time. In addition, when the switch S has an air gap structure, even if a plurality of high voltage pulse generation circuits 200 are provided, the phenomenon of load concentration in one place can be prevented, thereby generating an effective discharge.

Meanwhile, the above-described high voltage pulse generation circuit 200 is an exemplary embodiment, and the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and any circuit may be used as long as it can generate the high voltage pulse required by the present invention. Note that it can be used as 200.

3 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a half-wave rectifying circuit unit 108 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the half wave rectifier circuit 108 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes one or more half wave rectifier circuits 300.

As shown in FIG. 3, the half-wave rectifier circuit 300 includes two diodes D1 and D2 and two capacitors C1 and C2, and rectifies the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifier 104. Generate a half-wave rectified signal. In this case, the half-wave rectified signal is preferably a negative half-wave rectified signal having a negative voltage. When configuring the negative half-wave rectified signal in this way, when supplying a positive half-wave rectified signal or an unrectified AC signal to a capillary discharge electrode to be described later. In comparison, wear of the capillary discharge electrode can be minimized.

Meanwhile, the structure of the half-wave rectifier circuit 300 described above is also illustrative, and the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and any circuit may be any half-wave rectifier circuit of the present invention as long as it is a circuit capable of generating the rectified signal required by the present invention. Note that it can be used as 300.

4 illustrates a pulse discharge electrode 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment of the invention, the pulse discharge unit 110 includes one or more pulse discharge electrodes 400, which include a metal tip 402 and a dielectric tube 404.

The metal tip 402 is electrically connected to an output terminal of the pulse circuit unit 106, that is, a pulse output terminal of the high voltage pulse generation circuit 200 of the pulse circuit unit 106, and may be made of a metal material, for example, tungsten material. have.

Dielectric tube 404 is configured to enclose a metal tip 402. In the case of the pulse discharge electrode 400, since the voltage of the pulses emitted is high, the wear of the electrode is severe. Therefore, the dielectric tube 404 is preferably made of a material resistant to wear, and may be formed of, for example, Teflon. have.

5 illustrates a capillary discharge electrode 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment of the invention, the capillary discharge portion 112 includes one or more capillary discharge electrodes 500, wherein the capillary discharge electrodes 500 include a metal tip 502 and a dielectric tube 504.

The metal tip 502 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the half-wave rectifier circuit unit 108, that is, the output terminal of the half-wave rectifier circuit 300 of the half-wave rectifier circuit unit 108, and may be made of a metal material, for example, tungsten material. have.

The dielectric tube 504 is configured to surround the metal tip 502 and protrudes by a predetermined length d from the end of the metal tip 502. That is, the end portion of the metal tip 502 in the capillary discharge electrode 500 is formed to enter the inside of the dielectric tube 504 by d. In the drawings, an embodiment of the d is 2 mm is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the d may be appropriately determined in consideration of the micro bubbles formed in the dielectric tube 504 and the discharge effect generated in the micro bubbles. . Such dielectric tube 504 may be composed of, for example, alumina or the like.

The plasma discharge process in the capillary discharge electrode 500 having the above configuration is as follows. As the voltage (| Vp |) supplied from the half-wave rectifier circuit 300 to the metal tip 502 increases, micro-sized vapor phase bubbles are generated in the internal space of the dielectric tube 504. The main component of the microbubbles is hydrogen generated by electrolysis. As | Vp | increases, the size of the microbubbles increases due to Joule heating, which eventually becomes equal to the inner diameter of the dielectric tube 504.

The intensity of the Joule heat due to the surface discharge inside the dielectric tube 504 is gradually increased due to the restricted current inside the dielectric tube 504 as the voltage Vp | Is pushed toward the inlet of the dielectric tube 504, and the shape of the fine bubble changes from circular to elliptical. In addition, when the shape of the micro bubbles becomes elliptical, the contact area between the micro bubbles and the dielectric tube 504 is widened as shown in the drawing, and thus, the intensity of Joule heating received by the micro bubbles is also increased.

If | Vp | continues to increase, the microbubbles will finally burst and break into several bubbles. When the microbubble is completely formed inside the dielectric tube 504, two water columns formed on both sides of the microbubble serve as electrodes, and an electrical discharge is generated inside the microbubble, if | Vp | is sufficiently increased. In this case, plasma discharge occurs outside the dielectric tube 504.

6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining an example in which the pulse discharge electrode 400 and the capillary discharge electrode 500 are arranged in the reactor 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the present invention, the reactor 600 is a space where an underwater pulse discharge discharge and an underwater capillary discharge occur. The reactor 600 may be configured, for example, in a hollow cylinder so that fluid can flow therein. In this case, the fluid flows into one end 602 of the cylinder and flows out to the other end 604, and a pulse discharge and capillary discharge electrode generated by the pulse discharge electrode 400 while flowing inside the reactor 600. Purified by capillary discharge, ie, plasma discharge, generated through 500.

The pulse discharge electrode 400, the capillary discharge electrode 500, and the ground electrode 606 are provided to protrude to the inner surface of the reactor 600 through the cylindrical body, and water introduced into the reactor 600. Causes pulse discharge and plasma discharge in the fluid. At this time, as described above, in order for the pulse discharge to be applied to the fluid before the plasma discharge, the pulse discharge electrode 400 is at the bottom of the reactor 600, and the capillary discharge electrode 500 is the reactor 600 based on the drawings. It may be configured to be arranged on the top of, but is not necessarily limited to this, both electrodes may be located at the same position or the order may be reversed.

8 to 13 are diagrams for explaining experimental examples for explaining the effect of the underwater discharge device 100 according to the present invention.

First, FIG. 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the underwater discharge device having only two pulse discharge electrodes 400 in the reactor 600. The experimental conditions are as follows.

Section diameters of metal tips 402 and 502: 2φ

Depth d of quick tip of capillary discharge electrode 500: 2 mm

Type of fluid: Seawater containing E. coli

Capacity of fluid: 0.7 L (rotated in reactor by stirrer 800)

Pulse power: 200W

Pulse voltage: 11 kV (p, p)

Half-wave rectified signal voltage: 3.1kV (p, p)

Temperature: 21 ° C

9 is a graph measuring the number of E. coli during 120 seconds of the seawater containing 0.7 L E. coli under the same experimental conditions as in FIG.

Next, FIG. 10 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an underwater discharge device having two pulse discharge electrodes 400 and one capillary discharge electrode 500 in the reactor 600. Experimental conditions are the same as in FIG. 8, and the power of the half-wave rectified signal is 250W.

FIG. 11 is a graph measuring the number of Escherichia coli during 60 seconds of seawater containing 0.7 L of E. coli under the same experimental conditions as in FIG. 10. Compared with FIG. 9, it can be seen that E. coli is killed at a much faster rate.

Next, FIG. 12 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an underwater discharge device having two pulse discharge electrodes 400 and one capillary discharge electrode 500 in the reactor 600. Experimental conditions are the same as in Fig. 10, only the power of the half-wave rectified signal is enhanced to 450W.

FIG. 13 is a graph measuring the number of Escherichia coli during 60 seconds of seawater containing 0.7 L of E. coli under experimental conditions as shown in FIG. 12. Even in this case, it can be seen that E. coli is killed at a much faster rate than in FIG.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. I will understand.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be determined by equivalents to the appended claims, as well as the appended claims.

100: underwater discharge device
102: Power supply
104: voltage amplifier
106: pulse circuit section
108: half-wave rectifying circuit section
110; Pulse discharge unit
112: capillary discharge portion
200: high voltage pulse generation circuit
300: half-wave rectifier circuit
400: pulse discharge electrode
402: metal tip
404: dielectric tube
500: capillary discharge electrode
502: metal tip
504: dielectric tube
600: reactor
602: fluid inlet
604 fluid outlet
606: ground electrode
800: fluid stirrer

Claims (9)

A power supply unit configured to receive an external power source and convert the external power into an AC power source having a predetermined voltage;
A voltage amplifier configured to amplify the voltage of the AC power supplied from the power supply;
A pulse circuit section for generating a pulse signal from the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifying section;
A half wave rectifying circuit for rectifying the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifying unit to generate a half wave rectifying signal;
A pulse discharge unit receiving the pulse signal generated by the pulse circuit unit to generate pulse discharge in the fluid; And
And a capillary discharge unit configured to receive the half-wave rectified signal generated by the half-wave rectifier circuit to cause capillary discharge in the fluid.
The method of claim 1,
The pulse circuit unit may include a capacitor that accumulates charges supplied from an AC power amplified by the voltage amplifier; And
And an airgap switch for periodically discharging the charge accumulated in the capacitor to generate the pulse signal.
The method of claim 1,
The pulse discharge unit includes at least one pulse discharge electrode,
The pulse discharge electrode may include a metal tip electrically connected to an output end of the pulse circuit unit; And
And a dielectric tube surrounding the metal tip.
The method of claim 3,
And the material of the metal tip is tungsten.
The method of claim 3,
The material of the dielectric tube is Teflon, the underwater discharge device.
The method of claim 1,
And the half-wave rectifier circuit unit generates a negative half-wave rectified signal having a negative voltage by rectifying the AC power amplified by the voltage amplifier.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein the capillary discharge unit includes at least one capillary discharge electrode,
The capillary discharge electrode includes: a metal tip electrically connected to an output terminal of the half-wave rectifying circuit; And
And a dielectric tube surrounding the metal tip and protruding a predetermined length from an end of the metal tip.
The method of claim 7, wherein
And the material of the metal tip is tungsten.
The method of claim 7, wherein
The material of the dielectric tube is alumina, the underwater discharge device.

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