KR101276548B1 - Machine tool with at least one work spindle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a machine tool having at least one working spindle for supporting and driving each one replaceable machining tool. There is also provided at least one tool magazine disk that rotates about an axis of rotation, which supports tool tongs for receiving a machining tool. Relative motion is provided for insertion or withdrawal replacement of the machining tool. The tong axes of the tool tongs are arranged radially on each tool magazine disc, or the tongs axis is arranged at an acute angle thereto.

Machine tools, working spindles, tool magazine discs, tool tongs, machining tools.

Description

Machine tool with at least one work spindle

1 to 8 are respective front views of different variants of the machine tool according to the invention,

9 is a plan view of a tool tongs according to the present invention.

* Description of the major symbols in the drawings *

1: machine tool 2, 21, 22: working spindle

3: tool magazine disk 4: tool clamp

20: spindle axis 30: axis of rotation

40: forceps axis 50: tool axis

The present invention provides a machine tool having at least two working spindles each supporting and driving one replaceable machining tool, and at least one tool magazine disk rotating about an axis of rotation, with tool clamps for receiving the machining tool. And relative movement between the tool magazine disc and the actuating spindle is provided for insertion or withdrawal of the machining tool relative to the actuating spindle.

So-called multi-spindle machine tools are well known. This machine tool comprises at least two working spindles. Such machine tools are often used for cutting of workpieces. The advantage of such a machine tool is that the machine tool has a high cutting force.

An action called "Pick-Up-Technic" is commonly used for the insertion and withdrawal of machining tools into the working spindle. In the workpiece change process, it is known to design the tool magazine in a fixed manner and the working spindle is moved close to the tool magazine. For insertion or withdrawal of the tool a relative movement between the tool magazine disk and the actuating spindle is required for this purpose, which is derived from the movement of the actuating spindle, for example.

The machine tool in the manner described above is embodied, for example, as a two-spindle-machine tool with two disk magazines. In this case, a machine tool is provided in which a stand is provided with two spindle stocks, each with one working spindle, which spindle stocks can be moved independently in the vertical or horizontal direction. A tool reservoir is located on the upper side of the stand, the tool reservoir consisting of two mutually independent, closely spaced disk or plate magazines. The disc or plate magazine has a tong shaped receptacle for accommodating the machining tool.

Other devices for processing workpieces are known in the prior art. Such a device has a frame, in which the spindle head with the working spindle is supported such that it can be moved in at least one direction. The apparatus also has at least one tool change magazine, in which a tool can be withdrawn from and stored in the magazine.

Machine tools are known in the prior art. In the machine tool having a single or multi spindle unit and a tool magazine, which can be preferably moved in three axial directions, for receiving the tool, the tool magazine and the single or multi spindle unit are simultaneously at least temporarily Can be relative to each other.

For the most efficient use of machine tools, it is known to provide a tool magazine, which can, on the one hand, affordably accommodate the tool, for example to rule out machining interruptions in the event of tool wear. Tool magazines are, of course, used to provide the working spindle with a number of different machining tools for different machining.

Such machine tools should therefore be configured to utilize as many machining tools as possible.

It is an object of the present invention, as mentioned at the outset, to provide a machine tool with as high a tool density as possible in a tool magazine.

The object is that the tong axes of the tool tongs are arranged radially on the tool magazine disc, respectively, or the connecting line and the acute angle α between the rotation axis of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the machining tool fixed in the tool tongs. Is achieved by forming machine tools.

The tool tongs are formed with receptacles that interact with the shaft of the machining tool. A correspondingly designed fastening device is also provided, which fastens the machining tool securely to the tool forceps and does not accidentally fall off. The tool tongs do not presuppose two ton jaws in this case necessarily interacting with each other, and the concept of the tool tongs is rather high indicating all the possibilities for receiving and securing the machining tool on the tool magazine disk of the machine tool. Can be understood as a concept.

The tool tongs have a predetermined longitudinal extension. The longitudinal extension is often the axis of symmetry of the tool forceps. In that respect, in the special variant of the invention the main direction of the longitudinal extension, which coincides with the axis of symmetry of the tool forceps, is considered the forceps axis. However, the forceps axis is also defined by the tool axis, i.e., the axis of rotation of the machining tool and the center of the tool forceps being part of the forceps axis.

In this case the tool tongs are slimmed inwardly and correspondingly tapered away from the machining tool, so that the placement of the machining tool on the circumference of the tool magazine disc is as high as possible, because of the large number of tool tongs This is because a large number of machining tools can of course be arranged on the tool magazine disc by the provision of.

Similarly, an arrangement is also preferred in which the forceps axis is at an acute angle with the connecting line between the axis of rotation of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the machining tool fixed in the tool forceps. Certain tangential tilting (relative to the axis of rotation) slightly reduces the tool storage capacity of the tool magazine disk, but provides certain advantages when inserting or removing a tool in the spindle. In particular, if the spindles are arranged narrowly with one another, this arrangement makes it possible to change the tools of multiple spindles simultaneously.

In this case the invention allows for different structural proposals. Firstly, the machine tool according to the invention can provide two (or more) tool magazine disks for at least two working spindles. Preferably, in this case the working spindles are divided into a corresponding number of working spindle groups, the number of which corresponds to the number of tool magazine discs.

In this case, in the scope of the present invention, it is not important whether the number of working spindles per group is the same or different. Both variants are possible.

Compared to the solutions known in the prior art, the present invention provides the advantage that the tool change is made much easier by means of a special manner of arrangement in the tool magazine, ie by means of specially formed and specially arranged tool tongs. Tool change is in this case much shorter and offers the advantage of not disturbing. In a known solution in the prior art, the tool receptacle comprises a forceps with a design which is formed only in the form of forceps or is preferably undesirably arranged for replacement or which enables tool changeover only in certain locations. These measures are complex and often cause obstacles. In addition, the time lost by this measure is large. The present invention provides that the forceps axis of the tool forceps is radially placed on each tool magazine disc, or the forceps are at an acute angle with the connecting line between the axis of rotation of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the machining tool fixed in the tool forceps. Eliminate the disadvantages. The solution known in the prior art also features an undesirable angle of the tool forceps or tool receptacle placement.

Another structural variant possible according to the invention is a configuration provided with a disk for a plurality of spindles or a group of spindles or a disk for all working spindles of a machine tool. The problem according to the present invention is solved in various ways. The present invention allows a number of machining tools to be used without increasing the space of the machine tool.

This effect is raised in the variant of the invention when the tool magazine disc is arranged on the actuating spindle. In general, no space is used on the machine tool, but the operating surface is very limited for many machine tools, especially when connected. A tool magazine disc is therefore preferably arranged above the working spindle and stays on the working spindle if necessary.

The problem according to the invention described above is also solved by a machine tool with a tool reservoir, which has only one working spindle for supporting and driving a replaceable machining tool and has a tool forceps for receiving the machining tool. Even in this alternative machine tool, relative motion between the tool magazine and the actuating spindle is provided for insertion and withdrawal of the machining tool from the actuating spindle. In order to solve the problem according to the invention, it is proposed that the tool reservoir is divided into at least two partial magazines. As a result, the area to be used must be optimized while minimizing the area of the tool reservoir as much as possible. Therefore, it is more preferable to divide the tool reservoir into two partial magazines rather than to implement the entire area in one magazine. This results in a remarkably small partial unit, which can be easily handled and preferably produced. The proposal certainly optimizes the number of tongs used.

In a variant, it is proposed that the partial magazine is formed as a tool magazine disk that rotates about an axis of rotation. According to this variant it is proposed that in the same way a tool magazine disc is used as a partial magazine, which is the meaning of this part of the invention.

Only one actuating spindle may be formed to be moved so as to reach a partially installed magazine each spaced apart from each other. In the sense of the present invention, the partial magazine can be formed as a tool magazine disk or a chain magazine or the like. In this case, for example, the large stroke used in the corresponding machine tool is used once again to reach the part magazines which are spaced apart during tool change.

As an alternative, the partial magazine can be moved and stayed on the working spindle for tool change.

It is preferred that the partial magazine is arranged above the working spindle. However, the partial magazine may be arranged next to or below the side of the actuating spindle. The invention is not limited in this regard. Also in this part of the present invention all other relations and all other possible feature combinations are valid; It is also possible for the tool tongs to be arranged, in particular, in the partial magazine formed from the tool magazine disc in the radial direction or at an angle.

In a preferred variant of the invention, the machine tool has two tool magazine disks, which are adjacent to each other at least in the tool change position.

The tool change position in this case is the arrangement in which the tool change takes place, ie the arrangement in which the tool magazine disc is on the working spindle to replace the tool.

The tool magazine discs are arranged adjacent to each other at least during tool change, so that the tool can be replaced simultaneously with two tool magazine discs in the group of two working spindles or narrowly arranged working spindles. This increases efficiency because the replacement process is executed simultaneously for all working spindles.

This variant according to the invention allows for a number of designs. Firstly the two tool magazine discs can be moved substantially parallel so that they can be arranged relatively close to one another during the whole time, ie during the replacement process. By this embodiment it is possible, for example, to provide a common drive for a tool magazine disc.

In another variant, the tool magazine discs are provided outside the processing chamber in a standby position spaced apart from each other and can be moved to the tool position only for tool replacement. This variant makes it possible to economically and preferably carry out a tool change in the stand-by position, for example because the tool magazine disc is correspondingly moved outwards, whereby the operator can easily access the tool magazine disc. Can be.

In a preferred variant of the invention, both axis of rotation of the two tool magazine discs are arranged in parallel and / or the two tool magazine discs lie in one plane. This embodiment facilitates the configuration, since the actuating spindle is also supported equally in the chamber and is often moved in the same way. This makes the control of the entire machine tool according to the invention correspondingly easy. This arrangement allows the tool axis to be parallel to the axis, thus enabling insertion and withdrawal of the tool in a simple manner. In the same way, it is preferred that the two tool magazine discs lie in one plane. As soon as the actuating spindle is formed and assembled in the same way, this results in a simple structural relationship and facilitates joint replacement, which in particular results in a corresponding time saving.

The present invention does not exclude a solution in which no such structural relationship exists. Of course, arrangements in which the axes of rotation are not parallel to each other or the tool magazine discs are arranged in a plane tilted or parallel to each other are also included in the invention.

In the present invention, it is preferred that the first tool magazine disk is assigned to the first working spindle or the first working spindle group and also the second tool magazine disk is assigned to the second working spindle or the second working spindle group. This arrangement can of course also be implemented without problems on two or more tool magazine discs. These partial systems can be matched with each other and, in some cases, formed as spares.

Preferably, a guide is provided for the tool magazine disk, along which the tool magazine disk can be moved linearly in linear motion and in the working spindle to the tool change position. Different variations on the embodiment of the guide are possible. This arrangement provides in particular the advantage that the tool magazine disk can be moved to a standby position outside the machining chamber and that the tool magazine disk is parked in an unobstructed location. As an alternative, it is possible that the tool magazine disk is not moved and the working spindle is moved to the tool magazine disk. Such kinematic conditions also belong to the present invention. Linear motion is also used in this case to carry out relative motion for insertion and withdrawal of the machining tool. In particular, dividing several axes of motion into several elements reduces complexity, since the orthogonal movement of the elements, for example the cross table for the working spindle, is correspondingly complex.

Structurally in this case the slide is moved on the guide and the tool magazine disc is placed on the slide. In another embodiment of the present invention, multiple tool magazine disks can be moved in the same manner within one cavity guide. A slide bar is provided, for example, which can be moved on a guide, which slide bar supports two or multiple tool magazine discs. Such an arrangement can be used, for example, when both tool magazine discs are provided for a replacement process that can be inserted / drawn at the same time. Drive complexity is cut in half.

In addition to the dependent movement of these tool magazine discs, according to the invention as an alternative. Multiple tool magazine discs can be moved independently of one another. For this purpose, corresponding unique drives and guide elements such as guides or slides are provided. In this case it can be seen that the independent movement as well as the movement of the working spindle correspond to the invention in the same way.

Furthermore, in addition to the parallel guides of the plurality of tool magazine disks according to the invention, the plurality of tool magazine disks each have one unique guide, the movement directions of which are at an angle, in particular obtuse or acute, with each other, for example in FIG. 6 or 8 is shown. By this embodiment, the tool magazine discs for the replacement process can be moved in close proximity to one another, so that the operating spindles that are arranged narrowly to each other are also operated, but are spaced far from each other in the standby position, so that the operator can easily access them, for example for maintenance of the tool. can do. This inclined arrangement of the different guides offers advantages in the insertion and withdrawal replacement of the tool itself, especially when the spacing between the spindles in relation to the diameter of the tool magazine disc is small, as described below. Also contemplated by the invention is that the tool magazine discs are arranged in diameter, ie at an angle of 180 ° to each other, and in a vertical, horizontal or inclined direction.

In a preferred variant of the invention. The tool magazine disk is formed in a ring and has a rotational drive. Preferably, the rotary drive is inserted into the circular opening, so that a balanced drive is realized if possible. As an alternative to this, the tool magazine disk can be embodied as an actual plate-like through disk, and the drive can be arranged on the shaft forming the axis of rotation.

According to the invention, the rotary drive can be designed individually for each tool magazine disc, thereby allowing a plurality of tool magazine discs to be positioned independently of each other. Alternatively, it is also possible to optimize the rotational drive by correspondingly coupling the rotational drive.

In a variant of the invention, the tool magazine disc is formed into a polygon. According to this variant of the invention, it is evident that the tool magazine disk is not only formed in a circular design, but also the disk is formed entirely in polygons. This design offers advantages in manufacturing. A great advantage according to the invention is that the tool forceps are arranged in concentric circles about the axis of rotation. This arrangement achieves a high tool density in the tool magazine disc. The individual tool tongs are arranged adjacent to each other in a space-saving manner, and all the tool tongs are each placed in the same position when the tool magazine discs are positioned identically in an ideal manner when the machining tool is replaced.

In a preferred variant of the invention, the spindle axis and the rotation axis of the working spindle in the tool change position form a straight line parallel to the linear motion. In this preferred case of the invention, the linear motion of the tool magazine disc is used as the motion of lifting up or lowering the machining tool from the tool tongs. This arrangement is very suitable when the guide of the tool magazine disc is tilted, for example as shown in FIG. 6. The arrangement is designed such that movement of the tool magazine disk can be used to lift or lower the machining tool-despite the relatively large tool magazine disk being used.

As an alternative to this, the connecting line of the spindle axis and the rotary axis of the working spindle in the tool change position forms a linear motion and acute angle. In this proposal different from the above case, it is also possible to lift the tool directly from the tool tongs or to lower it into the tool tongs. This is supported by the design of matched tool tongs for this. This embodiment is for example shown in FIG. 8, where this variant is used especially when two spindles have to be inserted or removed at the same time by one tool magazine disk.

In another variant according to the invention, the relative motion results from, for example, the superposition of at least two movements of the tool magazine disc and / or the working spindle. According to the invention, the relative movements used for insertion and withdrawal of the machining tool are not derived only from, for example, the movements of the tool magazine disc or the working spindle, but in accordance with the invention the superimposition of the two movements and the resulting alternative movements. This is used. Proper superimposition of the two movements, ie the result lying in the orthogonal field of both individual movements, is obtained. By selecting the speed of each of the individual movements the orientation of the result can be adjusted. In this case, for example, different movements of the same element of the tool magazine disc may overlap in the scope of the invention.

Another variant according to the invention in a particular embodiment of the proposal suggests that a relative motion results from the superposition of the linear motion of the tool magazine disk and the linear motion of the actuating spindle. In this embodiment, of course, the corresponding mobility of the actuating spindles is necessary: the mobility must be parallel to the plane on which the tool magazine disc is placed, for example.

However, if, for example, a separate moving drive or positioning drive for the spindle can be omitted, as is possible in the arrangement in which the workpiece is moved, in another variant of the invention, the relative motion is linear with the tool magazine disc and the tool magazine disc. Resulting from superposition of rotation about the axis of rotation. In any case, the necessary drive unit is preferably used again. The linear movements required for the access of the tool magazine discs, and the rotary drive in which the given machining tool is provided for the selection and positioning of the desired tool tongs, are once again used in conjunction with each other, only and with correspondingly low programming costs. .

 According to another variant of the invention, multiple working spindles are integrated into a working spindle group and optionally stored in a common spindle reservoir. In particular, the actuating spindle is divided into two spindle groups, namely the first and the second actuating spindle group, which actuating spindle groups can be moved independently of one another, dependent on each other or in the same way as each other. According to the invention, it is possible to use a central drive for two groups or all groups of working spindles. This results in two subordinate motions of the two groups, respectively. The dependent movements can be made in different directions, respectively, for example by means of corresponding gear arrangements. In this case the movement can be made in the same way, for example, different working spindle groups are arranged in one common spindle reservoir and the spindle reservoir is driven once centrally in the cavity. Alternatively, two groups of actuating spindles may each have their own autonomous drive, by which the actuating spindles can be controlled, moved and positioned independently of each other in any manner. Can be.

Of course, in all the above variants it becomes clear that the actuating spindle or spindle reservoir can be formed in the form of a slide and moved on the guide. This basic motility of course makes it possible, for example, to position the operating spindle for or during machining.

According to the invention, the tool magazine disc feeds the machining tool to one, two or several working spindles. According to the invention, one tool magazine disk supplies the tool to a group of working spindles as well. Due to the performance according to the invention, i.e. the performance with which a high density of the machining tool can be provided, according to the invention, only one tool magazine disk, for example a group consisting of two or three or more Tool magazine discs can feed tools to multiple working spindles. The unit is provided symmetrically, for example in a double in a machine tool according to the invention. Such flexibility and efficiency of the machine tool according to the present invention is significantly increased. That is, the opposite properties, efficiency and flexibility are suitably combined with each other in the present invention. The present invention achieves high cutting forces with a number of differently used machining tools. In this case, the tool tongs are preferably formed to be arranged in two or a plurality of circles on the tool magazine disc. By suitable placement of these general concentric circles (concentric around the axis of rotation), the packing density of the tool or tool tongs is further raised.

Preferably in another variant of the invention, circular tool tongs are assigned to a particular working spindle. Of course, the machining spindles can be arranged in each spindle group or spindle reservoir so that the machining spindles can be placed in the same circle during the replacement process. However, since the number of machining tools to be used may be increased by the multi-row arrangement of the tool tongs, it is desirable to select the arrangement of the working spindles accordingly, which makes it possible for example to adjoin the horizontal arrangement of the machining spindles. However, the present invention allows all variations thereof.

In this case, in particular, the tool magazine disc has an opening in the region of the tool tongs that are placed inside and / or outside, and the machining tool is guided through the opening when the machining tool is inserted into or removed from the tool magazine disc. The opening is chosen to be larger than the receptacle of the tongs and the machining tool can be moved substantially parallel to the axis of rotation or to the spindle axis, but this is for example in the Z-direction or separately for the tool magazine disc by means of a sleeve drive of the tool spindle provided. In the Z-axis direction, can be implemented within a range of machine control in a simple manner.

Of course, the placement of the tool forceps on the circumference of the tool magazine disc is such that free access of the machining tool to the forceps is ensured and, where appropriate, the corresponding recesses or grooves or bores are selected to be provided on the tool magazine disc.

An important further advantage of the present invention is that simultaneous replacement of the machining tool of two or multiple working spindles is possible by relative motion. According to the invention, at least one tool magazine disk simultaneously replaces the machining tool in a plurality of working spindles. In addition to the high density of the machining tool, the high variety by the multiple machining tools, the simultaneous replacement in tool change does not take time.

Preferably, the relative motion is directed in the space between the axes of the tool tongs in the tool change position with respect to each working spindle. As described above, the removal or insertion of the tool into or out of the tool forceps follows along a line forming a linear motion and acute angle, but in general the deviations for adjacent associated tool forceps are the same. Preferably an angle bisector formed by the forceps axis is used for relative motion.

In another variant according to the invention, the machine tool has only one tool magazine disk which feeds the machining tool to at least two working spindles. Such an embodiment is shown for example in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3. The tongs in this case form an acute angle with the connection line between the axis of rotation of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the machining tool fixed in the tool tongs. This acute angle does not interfere, especially since the tool clamps are certainly sufficiently formed in the rear region and do not interfere with each other. Multiple machining tools can be used according to the invention even at corresponding small angles α.

In another variant of the invention, the diameter of the circle on which the tool tongs are arranged is larger than the spacing of the spindle axes. This size ratio is preferably greater than five. This means that the diameter is five times larger than the spindle axis spacing. According to the invention, relatively large tool magazine discs are proposed, which are used to accommodate a large number of further machining tools due to their large circumference. The preferred spacing of these size ratios is 6-12. If the diameter is set approximately 9-10 times in the spindle spacing, very good space utilization is achieved because the entire width of the machine tool can be optimally used. In addition to the many machining tools that can be provided here, the tilting of the individual tool tongs relative to the connecting line of the rotary axis and the tool axis is also reduced. Reference is made here, for example, to FIG. 1.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting line of the tool axes of the two machining tools, which are arranged in the tool tongs and can be inserted and replaced at the same time into the working spindle, are perpendicular to the tong axes of each tool tong. For this reason, the linear motion of the tool magazine disc makes it possible to ideally take out or insert and replace the tool in a large number of tool tongs. This gives a number of possibilities for placing the machining tool. For example, the machining tools can be arranged in the following order: ababcdcdefef, the same letter for each machining tool corresponds to a different spindle which can be placed on the tool magazine disk and can be inserted and withdrawn and replaced at the same time, respectively. In this embodiment, both spindles can be arranged relatively close, with narrow spacing (see FIG. 1).

Alternatively, arrangements such as abcdefgh abcdefgh are possible and the average spacing between each pair of tools is significantly larger. This results in a large gap between both spindle axes. Supplementally, FIG. 3 is referred to.

In the arrangement according to the invention, the spacing between the spindle axes is selected such that one or more tool clamps are arranged between the tool clamps used during the tool changeover process on the tool magazine disk. This is where the place used on the tool magazine disc is optimally used in relation to the existing working spindles.

In another variant of the invention, the machine tool has two tool magazine disks, a first tool magazine disk is provided for the first group of plural working spindles, and the first tool magazine disk is provided for the second group for plural working spindles. Two tool magazine discs are provided, the tool tongs being arranged in different circles on the tool magazine disc, the tong axes forming an acute angle with the connection line between the axis of rotation of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the machining tool fixed in the tool tongs. Such a variant according to the invention is shown for example in FIG. 4. By this suggestion, the tool tongs are placed in two or many circles on the tool magazine disc. This basically allows a larger number of tools to be accommodated. Special advantages of this feature are obtained. Also in this embodiment, the connection lines of the tool axes of the two machining tools, which are arranged on the tool tongs and are suitable for being inserted into the working spindle at the same time, are perpendicular to the tong axes of each tool tong. This embodiment allows for a very simple insertion change because the relative motion can be derived from the linear motion of the tool magazine disc.

From the figure it can be seen that the spacing of both spindle reservoirs is smaller than the spacing of the axes of rotation of the tool magazine disc. The slightly tilted arrangement of the forceps axis allows the tools to be replaced in all four spindles arranged relatively narrowly with each other during the linear movement of both tool magazine discs. The time advantage is noticeable in the replacement process.

The spindle axis is preferably arranged parallel to the axis of rotation. This results in a relatively simple structural condition. The same applies to the arrangement according to another variant of the invention, whereby the tool axis of the machining tool supported by the tool tongs is parallel to the axis of rotation.

In the embodiment to be discussed later, it is shown that tool magazine discs are arranged on the machine stand, which also supports the working spindle. Of course, other designs are also possible, ie they are located in opposite directions, ie fixed by opposite stands. In a variant also the tool magazine disc can be inserted into the standby position under the working spindle. However, it is preferable that the tool magazine disc is arranged on the actuating spindle, as provided in another variant according to the invention, because this improves its accessibility.

In another aspect of the invention, it is found that the density of the machining tool can be raised, in particular by the preferred design of the tool forceps.

Known tool tongs are formed to have a contact sickle that is bent in at least one semicircular shape, the contact ring interacting with the rotationally symmetrical shaft area of the receiving machining tool and the tool tongs also for securing the machining tool. It has a fixing device. In order to solve the problem according to the invention, ie to achieve as high a tool density as possible in the tool magazine or magazine disc, it is proposed that the end region of the contacting cycle is arranged behind with respect to the semicircle of the shaft. The only direction of insertion and withdrawal corresponds simultaneously to the direction of the forceps axis in the known tool forceps.

Known contact cycles surround the receiver in an angular range of 180 °, in which half of the shaft area of the machining tool is inserted. This results in one direction in which the machining tool can be inserted or removed in the tool tongs, ie perpendicular to the diameter. In order to be able to provide machining tools for complex working spindle arrangements, such a design is prevented or it is required that the known tool forceps rotate at large angles.

Now, however, if the end region of the contacting cycle is arranged behind according to the solution according to the invention, there are a number of different directions in which the tool forceps can be inserted or removed. Instead of a fixed direction coincident with the forceps axis, the total angular range in which the tool forceps can be reliably inserted or removed is given according to the design of the end region of the contacting cycle, respectively.

This proposal not only offers advantages in compensating different directions of relative motion, but at the same time the arrangement allows for error compensation, so that the correct guide and positioning of the machining tool is no longer important. The arrangement according to the invention thus makes it possible to operate at low cost in this area, since the arrangement can compensate for manufacturing tolerances without the problem of feasibility.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing device is formed as a fixed cyclone, and the fixing cycle contacts the shaft. The fastening device is generally used when the machining tool is fixed in the tool tongs. In this case the fastening device can be formed as a mechanically operated flapping, the fastening device now having the design of the fastening cycle or in another variant of the invention, for example as a self-acting device or a locking bolt Etc. can be provided.

In a preferred variant of the invention, a fixation nose is provided in the end region of the fixation cycle, which fixation engages in a recess provided in the machining tool. This arrangement can be well controlled mechanically and involves low cost.

In order not to limit the large variety in the direction of relative movement, it is preferable that the end region of the stationary cycle lies behind in relation to the semicircle of the shaft. This proposal follows, in principle, the same idea as the arrangement of the contact cycle. The recess of the machining tool is preferably ensured that the fixed projection of the end region engages even if the end region of the fixed cycle lies behind.

It is also preferred that the anchoring cycles can be folded about the folding axis, in particular formed as spring-supported collapsible stationary cyclos. Such a design is mechanically very reliable and simple to manufacture.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the contacting cycle is provided with a particularly flat directional pin, which interacts with the directional notch of the machining tool. The placement of the directional pins in the directional notches ensures that the machining tool is accurately oriented, in particular by means of tool clamps in relation to point symmetry or reflection symmetry.

The flatness of the directional pin takes into account a large range of possible directions of relative motion and does not disturb it.

It is preferred that the contacting or stationary cycles cover an angle range of 40 ° to 170 °, preferably 120 ° to 160 °, in particular 135 ° to 145 °. Depending on how the angular range in which the machining tool is in contact with the contacting circle is designed, the angle range in which the machining tool can be put into or removed from the tool tongs in turn is determined. In this case a symmetrical design is preferably pursued, whereby the rearward arrangement of each end region is equally divided and can be between 5 ° and 70 ° per side. Good results are achieved at angles of approximately 10 ° to 30 °, in particular approximately 20 °, since good fixability on one side can be realized, while on the other side it provides high variability in the direction of inserting and removing tool tongs. Because it becomes. As noted above, the stationary cycle also has a corresponding design in a variant, which does not necessarily follow the design of the contact cycle, and can be seen as an alternative. In particular, collapsible anchoring cycles are designed that are different from the design of the contacting cycle, but this does not interfere because the anchoring cycles fold away during the process of entering and unloading.

Different variants are provided for the design of the end regions of the stationary cycles. The end region may, for example, abruptly stop or extend tangentially to the tool axis of the machining tool fixed to the tool forceps, as embodied in another variant according to the invention. In this design the tangential supports insertion or withdrawal guidance of the machining tool with respect to the tool forceps in some areas.

In this regard, in the present invention, the tangent may be implemented even beyond the semicircle. However, since the tangentially projected area is no longer guided together with the shaft of the machining tool when the machining tool is held by tongs, this solution is no longer likely to be contacted since the contact area of the contacting cycle is placed behind it. It is described as acting the same as a batch.

The invention is schematically illustrated in the drawings.

1 shows a first variant of the machine tool 1 according to the invention. The machine tool 1 is formed of a machine base 10, with the machine stand 11 extending upwards from the machine base. The operating spindle 2 is fixed on the machine base 10. In the embodiment shown here two working spindles are shown, a first working spindle 21 and a second working spindle 22. Both spindles 21, 22 are embedded in one spindle reservoir 23 and can be moved in the X-direction by a slide 24 on the guide rail 25.

The spindle axis of the working spindle 2 is indicated by reference numeral 20.

In the embodiment shown here, a tool magazine disc 3 is provided which is arranged on the actuating spindle 2.

It is preferred that the tool magazine disc 3 is formed so that it can be moved vertically here, along the indicated Y-axis. Thus complicated cross slide guides in the working spindle can be saved. In order to achieve the Y-movement of the tool magazine disk, a guide is provided, and the tool magazine disk 3 can be moved and positioned correspondingly on the guide. Due to this, the tool magazine disc 3 is arranged on the actuating spindle 2 and the relative motion for insertion and withdrawal of the machining tool 5 is derived from the linear motion.

A plurality of tool tongs 4 grouped in pairs are arranged on the tool magazine disc. The tool tongs 4 are arranged substantially radially with respect to the axis of rotation 30 of the tool magazine disc 3. The forceps axis 40 of the tool forceps 4 has a predetermined tilting angle α. The tilting angle α is on the one hand between the forceps axis 40, and on the other hand between the rotation axis 30 of the tool magazine disc 3 and the tool axis 50 of the machining tool fixed in the tool forceps 4. Is formed by a connection line.

There are a number of tool tongs provided for insertion. In this case, the connection lines 33 of the tool axes of the two machining tools arranged on the respective tool tongs 4 'and 4 "are arranged at right angles to each of the tongs axes of the respective tool tongs 4' and 4". . In this arrangement, the forceps axis 40 is parallel to the direction of movement Y of the tool magazine disc. It can also be seen that the spacing of the tool axes in the associated tool tongs 4 ', 4 "corresponds to the spacing of the spindle axes 20, 20'.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle α between the forceps axis and the rotation axis 30-tool axis 50 connection line is an acute angle, in particular between 0.1 ° and 35 °, preferably between 5 ° and 35 ° to be. For example, FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 show different variations of how the acute angle is implemented. In all cases, however, it is possible for a large number of tool tongs to be arranged on the tool magazine disc 3.

In FIG. 2 a tool magazine disk 3 (for example also used in FIG. 5) with radially arranged tool tongs 4 can be used in a very simple machine, ie as a tool reservoir for just one spindle. What can be used is shown. In this case the tool reservoir is formed only of the tool magazine disk.

Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1, the tilt angle α is larger and different in FIG. 3. This is caused by the large spacing of the two spindles 2, 2 ′ in a variant according to the invention with the tool magazine disc shown in FIG. 3.

Again two spindles 2, 2 ′ can be moved on one common slide 24. However, since the spacing between the two spindles 2, 2 ′ is significantly large, it is possible for a large number of further machining tools to be arranged between the tool clamps 4 ′, 4 ″ arranged in parallel. 3) is positioned as shown in FIG. 3, i.e. each selected tool pair is precisely positioned on top of each spindle, so that the relative movement after the machining disk 3 has descended along the direction Y The tool is inserted or withdrawn.

Since the structures of the various machine tools according to the variants shown in the various figures are substantially always the same, a repeated description of each identical part will be omitted below. Rather, an important difference is emphasized.

4 shows another variant of the invention. In the embodiment shown here, two spindles 2 are provided twice. The machine is formed substantially symmetrically. All four spindles (also called four-spindle-machines) are integrated into two spindle groups a 'of the two spindles 2.

Four spindles or two spindle groups with two working spindles each are located on one common slide 24 and can again be moved in the X-direction.

In this embodiment, two tool magazine disks 3 are provided. The tool magazine disk on the left is denoted by reference numeral 35 and the tool magazine disk on the right is denoted by reference numeral 36. The left spindle group is assigned to the tool magazine disk 35 and the right spindle group is assigned to the tool magazine disk 36.

Both tool magazine discs 35, 36 can be moved vertically by one or two guides. This causes the tool magazine discs 35, 36 to stand against the actuating spindle 2. Up to four tools are inserted or removed during the replacement process.

To achieve this, the pair of tool clamps 4 and 4 ', respectively interacting, are oriented parallel to each other, similar to the solution according to FIG.

Since the tool is simultaneously provided to the two working spindles 2, the tool tongs 4 are in turn arranged on two different circles 37, 38. Circles 37 and 38 are arranged concentrically about the axis of rotation 30. The arrangement is selected such that the tool forceps 4 determined for the spindle 2a lie in the outer circle 37 with a greater distance than the spindle 2b lying next to the axis of rotation 30. The machining tool is supplied to the spindle 2b by the tool forceps of the inner circle 38. This arrangement can in principle be extended to an arrangement in which three, four or more spindles are provided instead of two spindles per spindle group.

1 to 4, when the relative motion R is parallel to the linear motion Y of each disc magazine, the ratio in the modification according to FIG. 5 is different.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 two tool magazine discs 3 are provided, these are shown in two different positions, the arrangement in the standby position is indicated by 3 'and the tool magazine disc is in the lower tool change position. Position is indicated by 3. In order to position the tool magazine disk 3, the tool magazine disk 3 is located on the guide 32, respectively. The tool magazine discs can be positioned together or independently of each other. In the embodiment shown here, only one working spindle 2 is assigned to the tool magazine disc 3. Thus all the tools or tool clamps necessary for this are located on one concentric circle.

Unlike the embodiment of the design according to FIG. 2, the axis of rotation 30 forms a tool axis 40, the spindle axis 20 runs vertically and forms a straight line parallel to the linear motion of the tool magazine disc. Alternatively, there is an angle between the two directions here.

In other words, the relative motion R is not parallel to the linear motion Y, in which the relative motion R has been previously derived in the variant according to FIGS. 1 to 4.

This is achieved by means that the working spindle 2 is no longer located below the axis of rotation 30 and each is directed inside the machine.

In a variant according to the invention, the relative motion arises, for example, from the superposition of at least two movements of the tool magazine disc 3 and the actuating spindle 2. In the embodiment shown here the spindle 2 is arranged on its own slides 24, 24 ′, respectively, and can be moved in the X-direction on the guide rail 25. The linear motion Y of the tool magazine disc 3 extends at a right angle thereto. In the proper superimposition of the two movements a relative movement R is generated as shown. In other words, the forceps axis 40 is again parallel to the relative motion R, although no motion component is provided in parallel to the relative motion R. This allows the working spindle 2 to be narrowly positioned in a simple manner and in particular using the already existing elements, and nevertheless a large number of machining tools 5 can be used in each tool magazine disk.

Similarly to FIG. 5, FIG. 6 also shows an arrangement in which two tool magazine disks 3 (shown in two positions again) provide tools to only two working spindles 2. But here linear motion (Y) is again parallel to relative motion (R). However, this results in a linear movement (Y and Y ') of the V-shaped design of the guide rails or of the left and right tool magazine discs 3. The linear movements intersect at an acute angle β. The superimposition of the movements is not necessarily necessary, so the spindle 2 is again placed on the common slide 24.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuating spindle 2 is arranged in the machining chamber of the tool magazine and a tool magazine door 6 is provided which can be opened during the tool changeover process so that the tool magazine disc (disc) is operated. It is moved to the area of the spindle (spindles) 2. Two variants are shown in FIG. 5 or 6 for this purpose. In figure 5 it is shown that the tool magazine door 6 is arranged to be hanging, in particular movable on the machine stand 11. Guide slide 60 is used for this purpose. In FIG. 6, alternatively, another variant is shown in which the tool magazine door is portally supported to be supported by the machine table 10. For this purpose a guide track 61 is optionally provided on the machine table 10. The design of the tool magazine door 6 in FIG. 5 is grooved and in FIG. 6 the spindle overlaps.

In order to avoid designing the tool magazine door 6 too large and thus difficult to handle, in another variant according to the invention, the tool magazine door 6 consists of a plurality of door elements in the form of a telescope, They are formed so that they can be suspended or supported and moved.

The situation shown in FIG. 7 is similar to a variant according to the invention already presented in FIG. 5. Again, only the differences are highlighted to avoid repeated explanations. In contrast to the solution according to FIG. 5, here two spindle groups a 'of two spindles are provided, which are each provided with a machining tool by one tool magazine disk 3.

A central linear drive is provided at the center between both tool magazine discs, which allows linear movement in the Y-direction (here vertical direction). One unique slide 24, 24 'is provided for each spindle group.

The forceps axis 40 oriented radially relative to the axis of rotation 30 is no longer parallel to the relative motion R in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7. Rather, the relative motion R extends between the two forceps axes 40, 40 ′, for example as angular bisectors. The tools are in turn put into or removed from the spindle group 2 of the spindle group at the same time with a slight error angle, or the relative angle R in relation to the clamping axes 40, 40 ′. Measures should be taken to compensate for the deviation of the direction. For this purpose a special design of the tool tongs 5, in particular discussed in FIG. 9, is used.

In order to achieve a linear movement Y oriented at right angles to each other and a relative movement R which extends inclined again against it from the spindle movement X, the two movement components are superimposed in a suitable manner. Nevertheless, the remaining error angle is small and identical by each bisector as the direction of relative motion.

In another variant according to the invention, the relative motion R is carried out by superimposing a linear motion Y of the tool magazine disc 3 and a rotational motion about the axis of rotation 30. This results in a motion component that is perpendicular to the linear motion Y in relation to the associated point, i.e. with respect to the associated tool forceps 40, 40 ', which in a suitable manner is inclined relative motion ( R) may be combined to occur. It can be seen that this arrangement allows for relatively narrow spacing of individual spindles or groups of spindles on independent slides 24, 24 ′. In a suitable manner an intermediate chamber between both tool magazine discs 3 is used. This in turn results in a smaller width of the machine tool according to the invention.

The arrangements of FIGS. 7 and 5 are very similar, and the arrangements of FIGS. 6 and 8 are relatively similar. In FIG. 8 again the linear motions (Y, Y ') of both tool magazine discs face each other in a V-shape. The linear motions cross each other at an angle β at the bottom of each tool magazine disc. Again an error angle σ occurs between the spindle axis 20 of the actuating spindle 2 and the connecting lines of the rotational axis 30. This error angle is compensated by the preferred design of the tool tongs. As in FIG. 6, the relative motion R is also derived from the linear motion Y in FIG. 8.

Figure 9 likewise shows tool tongs contemplated for the present invention. The tool tongs 4 have a bent contact ring 41 which interacts with the receiving machining tool in its rotationally symmetrical shaft area 52. The tool tongs 4 also have a fastening device, which ensures that the machining tool does not come out of the tool tongs. The fastening device is formed as a fastening ring 43 in the embodiment shown here. In the selected side the contact cycle 41 is covered by the stationary cycle 43. The contact cycle 41 is thus shown in broken lines.

In order to achieve insertion and withdrawal of the tool without problems in particular in the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8, the angle between the relative motion R and the forceps axis 40 must be taken into account. In known tool tongs the tool is inserted into or removed from the tongs parallel to the tool axis 40. To compensate for this "error", it is proposed according to the invention that the end region 42 of the contacting cycle lies behind with respect to the semicircle of the shaft 52. This angular rearward arrangement is indicated with 46. The rearward arrangement is approximately 20 ° in this embodiment.

Also in the present invention, the fixing device is formed as a fixing cycle 43, and the fixing cycle 43 also contacts the shaft 52.

The machining tool 5 comprises a recess 51 arranged in diameter, in which the fixed projection 47 provided in the end region 44 of the fixed cycle 43 is fixedly engaged.

In addition, an end region 44 of the stationary cycle 43 is disposed behind with respect to the semicircle of the shaft 52. This rearward arrangement corresponds to the same angled rearward arrangement 46 for the end region 42 of the contacting cycle 41. However, in the present invention further, the end region of the stationary cycle 43 proceeds tangentially 470 with respect to the tool axis 50 of the machining tool 5 fixed in the tool tongs. The direction setting of the tangent 470 extends in FIG. 9 until the tangent intersects the tongs axis 40. The error angle present between the tangent 470 and the forceps axis 40 is represented by 45. With this error angle 45 the tool can be inserted or withdrawn and transported without problems by the tool forceps according to the invention. The use of the tool tongs in the arrangement according to FIGS. 7 and 8 thus compensates for the resulting error angle and makes it possible to achieve a safe, effective and quick replacement of the machining tool in the machine tool according to the invention.

The fixed cycle 43 is formed to be foldable about the folding axis 49.

The range of error angles 45 implemented here is, for example, approximately 25 degrees. The actual range is ± 25 ° due to the symmetrical design. The error angle 45 can be adjusted according to the design of the angled rear arrangement 46.

In order to prevent any insertion of the machining tool 5 into the tool forceps 4 without using a known orientation pin, the orientation pin 48 is flat and thus the orientation notch 53 of the machining tool 5. Interlock with me.

To the extent that the spindle is described, this is the same as the working spindle.

The claims now proposed by and after the application are an unprecedented attempt to create broad protection.

Herein, in particular when examining the relevant prior art in more detail, although one or other features for the purposes of the present invention are preferred, they are not critically important, and therefore no further preparation of such features, especially of the independent claims, is sought. It is natural to be.

The references set forth in the dependent claims represent other embodiments of the subject matter of the independent claims by the features of each dependent claim. However, this does not mean that achieving independent, objective protection for the features of the cited paragraph is omitted.

Features disclosed so far only in the above description are important to the present invention in the course of a procedure and may be claimed, for example, to limit the prior art.

Individual features of the claims, including features disclosed only in the above description or multiple features, can now also be included in the first claim to define the prior art. In particular, such a feature is said when it is mentioned in connection with another feature or when a very desirable result can be achieved in connection with the other feature.

For the purposes of the present invention, as mentioned at the outset, machine tools are used which have as high a tool density as possible in the tool magazine.

Claims (26)

A tool magazine disk and said tool magazine disk each having at least two working spindles for supporting and driving one replaceable machining tool, and at least one tool magazine disk rotating about an axis of rotation and having tool clamps for receiving the machining tool; In a machine tool, relative movement between actuation spindles is provided for insertion or withdrawal of the machining tool into the actuation spindle, A tong shaft 40 of the tool tongs 4 is arranged radially on each of the tool magazine discs 3, or the tong axis 40 is an axis of rotation 30 of the tool magazine disc 4. An acute angle α with the connection line between the tool axis 50 of the machining tool 5 fixed in the tool tongs 4, The tool tongs are grouped and arranged in pairs on the tool magazine disc. And a tool reservoir having only one working spindle for supporting and driving a replaceable machining tool, and a tool holder for receiving a machining tool, wherein relative movement between the tool reservoir and the actuating spindle is applied to the actuating spindle. In a machine tool, provided for insertion or withdrawal of a tool, The tool reservoir is divided into two or more partial magazines, The tool tongs are grouped and arranged in pairs on the partial magazines. 3. The method of claim 2, Machine tool, characterized in that the partial magazine is formed as a tool magazine disk (3) rotating about a rotation axis (30). The method according to claim 2 or 3, And the actuating spindle is movably formed to access each part magazine or the part magazine is moved and accessible to the actuating spindle, or the part magazine is disposed above the actuating spindle. The method of claim 3, The tongs axis of the tool tongs is arranged radially on each of the tool magazine discs, or the tongs are acutely connected with the connecting axis between the rotation axis of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the machining tool fixed in the tool tongs (α) a machine tool characterized by the above-mentioned. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The machine tool has two tool magazine disks 3, the tool magazine disks being arranged adjacent to each other in a tool change position, or both rotation axes 30 of the two tool magazine disks 3 arranged in parallel. Machine tool, characterized in that the two tool magazine discs 3 lie in one plane, 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The first tool magazine disk 3 is assigned to the first working spindle 2 or the first group of the working spindle 2, and the second tool magazine disk 3 is assigned to the second working spindle 2 or the actuation. Assigned to a second group of spindles 2, or a guide 32 is provided for the tool magazine disk 3, and along the guide the tool magazine disk 3 is a tool of the actuating spindle 2. It can be moved to the replacement position, a number of said tool magazine discs 3 can be moved in the same way in the cavity guide 32, and a number of tool magazine discs 3 can be moved independently of each other. Machine tool. The method according to claim 1 or 3, Each of the plurality of tool magazine disks 3 has its own unique guide 32, each direction of movement forms an angle β with each other, or the tool magazine disks 3 are in a ring. Machine tool, characterized in that it is formed and has a rotational drive, or said tool magazine disk (3) is formed as a polygon. The method according to claim 1 or 3, Machine tool, characterized in that the tool forceps (4) are arranged on concentric circles about the axis of rotation (30). The method according to claim 1 or 3, The spindle axis 20 and the rotation axis 30 of the actuating spindle 2 in the tool change position form a straight line parallel to the linear movement, or the spindle of the actuation spindle 2 in the tool change position The connecting line between the shaft (20) and the rotating shaft (30) forms the linear motion and an acute angle (α). The method according to claim 1 or 3, Relative motion R is generated from the overlap of two or more motions of the tool magazine disk 3 or of the actuating spindle 2, or the relative motion R is a linear motion of the tool magazine disk 3. Y) and spindle linear motion (X) of the actuating spindle (2), or the relative motion (R) is about the linear motion and rotation axis (30) of the tool magazine disk (3) Machine tool, characterized in that it arises from the superposition of rotation of the tool magazine disk (3). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, One or more working spindles 2 are stored in the spindle reservoir, or the first working spindle 2 or the first group of working spindles is in the first spindle storage and the second working spindle 2 or the The second group of working spindles can be stored in the second spindle reservoir, or the working spindle 2 or the working spindle group can be moved by the spindle reservoir, in a spindle linear motion X along the guide rail 24. Can be positioned or positioned, or the first working spindle 2 or the first group of working spindles is moved independently of the second working spindle or the second group of working spindles or is dependent on each other, Or all of them can be moved in the same manner. The method according to claim 1 or 3, One tool magazine disc 3 feeds the machining tool to one, two or several working spindles, or the tool tongs 4 are provided on two or more circles (1) on the tool magazine disc 3. 37, 38, or a tool circle (4) of one circle, characterized in that it is assigned to one particular working spindle (2). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The relative movement allows simultaneous replacement of the machining tool 5 from two or more working spindles 2, or the relative movement R being in the tool changing position with respect to each of the working spindles. Machine tool characterized in that it is oriented in the chamber between the forceps axes (40) of the tool forceps (4). The method according to claim 1 or 3, The working spindle 2 is arranged in the machining chamber of the machine and a tool magazine door 6 is provided which can be opened during the tool changeover process so that the tool magazine disc 3 is in the area of the working spindle 2. Or the tool magazine door 6 is arranged to be movable by hanging on the machine stand 11, or the tool magazine door 6 is formed to be supported by the machine table in an open form. Or, the tool magazine door 6 may be moved to open or close substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 30, or the tool magazine door 6 may have a plurality of door elements superimposed in the form of a telescope. Machine tool comprising a. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The machine tool has only one tool magazine disk 3, the tool magazine disk providing the machining tool to at least two working spindles, or the diameter of the circle on which the tool tongs 4 is arranged is the spindle. Machine tool, characterized in that large relative to the spacing of the axes (2). The method of claim 1, The connecting line of the tool axes 50 of the two machining tools 5 arranged in each of the tool tongs 4 and configured to be inserted and replaced at the same time into the working spindle is connected to the tongs 40 of each of the tool tongs 4. Perpendicular to, or the spacing of the spindle axes 20 is such that one or a number of different tool clamps 4 between each tool clamp 4 used for the tool changeover process on the tool magazine disk 3. Or acute angle α is in the range of 0.1 ° to 35 °. The method of claim 1, The machine tool has two tool magazine disks 3, a first tool magazine disk for a first group of a plurality of said working spindles, and a second tool magazine disk for a second of said plurality of said working spindles. Provided for the group and the tool tongs are arranged in different circles on the tool magazine disc, the tong axes being an acute angle α and a connecting line between the axis of rotation of the tool magazine disc and the tool axis of the machining tool fixed in the tool tongs. Machine tool). The method of claim 10, The spindle axis 20 is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation 30, or the tool axis 50 of the machining tool 5 fixed in the tool tongs 4 is parallel to the axis of rotation 30. Or, the tool magazine disk (3) is arranged on the actuating spindle (2). The tool forceps have one or more bent contact sickles, the contact cycles interacting with the receiving machining tool in its rotationally symmetrical shaft area, and the tool forceps for securing the processing tool to the tool forceps. A tool clamp for a tool magazine disc in a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, having a fixing device, Tool tongs, characterized in that the end region (42) of the contacting ring (41) is arranged in relation to the semicircle of the shaft. 21. The method of claim 20, The fastening device is formed as a fastening ring 43, the fastening ring 43 contacts the shaft 52, or a fastening protrusion 47 is provided in the end region 44 of the fastening ring 43. And the fixed protrusion is fixedly engaged in a recess 51 provided in the machining tool 5, or the end region 44 of the fixed cycle 43 is later in relation to the semicircle of the shaft 52. Tool tongs, characterized in that arranged. 22. The method of claim 21, The clamping ring (43) can be folded about a folding axis (49), or said folding axis (49) characterized in that it is arranged perpendicular to the tong axis (40). 21. The method of claim 20, The contacting ring 41 is provided with a flat directional pin 48, the directional pin interacting with the directional notch 53 of the machining tool 5, or the contacting ring 41 or the The stationary cycle 43 covers an angular range of 40 ° to 170 °, or the end region of the contact circle 41 or the stationary cycle 43 is the same, or the contact circle or the stationary cycle is clamped by the tongs. It is formed symmetrically about the axis 40, or the end region 44 of the fixed cycle 43 extends tangentially 470 with respect to the tool axis 50 of the machining tool 5 fixed in the tool tongs. Tool tongs, characterized in that. 21. The method of claim 20, Tool tongs, characterized in that the machining tool (5) can be inserted or withdrawn in the tool tongs (4) at intervals of an error angle (45) of 40 ° or less. The method of claim 7, wherein The tool magazine disc 3 can be moved linearly in a linear motion Y to move to the tool change position of the actuating spindle 2, or a plurality of the tool magazine discs 3 are arranged in the cavity guide 32. Machine tool, characterized in that it can be moved in the same way, or that the plurality of tool magazine disks (3) can be moved independently of one another. The method of claim 7, wherein Machine tool, characterized in that the plurality of tool magazine disks (3) can be moved in a common guide (32), and the plurality of tool magazine disks (3) can be moved independently of one another.

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