KR101270835B1 - Evaporator and refrigeration machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The evaporator 12 includes a heat transfer tube 15 serving as a flow path of thermal material and a demister 18 for gas-liquid separation of refrigerant passing through the evaporator 12. The gas-liquid separation is carried out by 18 to discharge it from the refrigerant gas outlet 21 to the outside. Here, the area | region which a refrigerant | coolant can pass among the arrangement areas of the demister 18 is called the opening part of the demister 18. At this time, a blocking portion 26 for blocking the opening of the demister 18 is disposed in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas outlet 21, and the openings of the demister 18 are different from each other with the blocking portion 26 as a boundary. It is divided into a plurality of areas having an area. Moreover, the partition part which partitions the area | region of an adjacent opening part upstream of a demister is arrange | positioned.

Description

Evaporators and Freezers {EVAPORATOR AND REFRIGERATION MACHINE}

The present invention relates to an evaporator and a freezer, and more particularly, to an evaporator and a freezer in which the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister can be properly secured.

The recent evaporator is provided with the heat exchanger tube used as the flow path of a heating material, and the demister for gas-liquid separation of the refrigerant | coolant which passes. The refrigerant heat-exchanged by the heat transfer tube is evaporated and vaporized by the demister to be discharged to the outside from the refrigerant gas outlet, so that the refrigerant including the droplets is not discharged to the outside from the refrigerant gas outlet. As a conventional evaporator employ | adopting such a structure, the technique described in patent document 1 is known.

Japanese Patent No. 3917917

Here, in the evaporator which has the said structure, the refrigerant | coolant (vapor) from a heat exchanger tube may not pass uniformly through a demister due to the positional relationship of a demister and a refrigerant gas discharge port. Then, there exists a possibility that the gas-liquid separation performance of a demister may fall partially.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide an evaporator and a freezer in which gas-liquid separation performance of a demister can be adequately secured.

In order to achieve the above object, the evaporator according to the present invention comprises a heat transfer tube serving as a flow path of a heating material, and a demister for separating gaseous liquid from the refrigerant passing therethrough, and at the same time, the evaporator converts the refrigerant evaporated and vaporized by the heat transfer tube. The evaporator discharges gas from the refrigerant gas outlet through the gas-liquid separation, and the opening of the demister is located in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas outlet when the region through which the refrigerant passes through is called the opening of the demister. The blocking portion to be closed is disposed, and the opening portion is partitioned into a plurality of regions having different opening areas on the basis of the blocking portion, and the partition portion which partitions the region of the neighboring opening portion upstream of the demister is provided. It is characterized in that the arrangement.

In this evaporator, since the area | region of an adjacent opening part is partitioned by the partition part on the upstream side of a demister, the circulation of refrigerant | coolant (inflow of refrigerant) between each area | region is suppressed. Thereby, since the increase in the flow velocity of the refrigerant at the small opening side is suppressed, there is an advantage that the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister is appropriately ensured.

Moreover, the evaporator which concerns on this invention is arrange | positioned in the region vicinity of the side which has the small opening area among the area | regions of the said opening part.

In this evaporator, the refrigerant flow from the region on the large opening side to the region on the small opening side is more effectively reduced. Thereby, there exists an advantage that the increase of the flow velocity of the refrigerant | coolant in a small opening side is suppressed, and the gas-liquid separation performance of a demister is appropriately ensured.

Moreover, the said evaporator which concerns on this invention is arrange | positioned the said partition part over substantially the full width of the said demister.

In this evaporator, compared with the structure in which a partition part extends only in a part of the width direction of a demister, the refrigerant flow to the area | region by the side of a small opening part is reduced more effectively. Thereby, there exists an advantage that the gas-liquid separation performance of a demister is appropriately ensured.

Moreover, the evaporator which concerns on this invention has a height substantially equal to the height from the lower surface of the said demister to the said heat exchanger tube group.

In this evaporator, since the space from the steam generation position (heat transfer tube group) to the demister is partitioned by the partition part, the refrigerant flow to the area of the small opening side is more effectively reduced. Thereby, there exists an advantage that the gas-liquid separation performance of a demister is appropriately ensured.

Moreover, the refrigerator which concerns on this invention is equipped with any one of the above-mentioned evaporators.

In the evaporator of this invention, since the area | region of an adjacent opening part is partitioned by the partition part on the upstream side of a demister, the circulation of refrigerant | coolant (inflow of refrigerant) between each area | region is suppressed. Thereby, since the increase in the flow velocity of the refrigerant at the small opening side is suppressed, there is an advantage that the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister is appropriately ensured.

1 is an explanatory diagram showing an evaporator according to the present invention.
2 is an explanatory diagram showing an evaporator according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of the evaporator described in FIG. 1.
4 is a configuration diagram showing a general refrigerator.
5 is a configuration diagram showing a general refrigerator.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail, referring drawings. The present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, the component of this Example includes the thing which can be substituted and is self-evident, maintaining the identity of invention. In addition, the some modified example described in this Example can be arbitrarily combined within the obvious range by those skilled in the art.

(Example)

FIG.1 and FIG.2 is explanatory drawing which shows the evaporator which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of the evaporator described in FIG. 1. 4 and 5 are configuration diagrams showing a general refrigerator.

[Freezer]

A general refrigerator has a condenser 10, an expansion valve 11, an evaporator 12, and a compressor 13 (see FIG. 4). The condenser 10 causes heat exchange between the cooling water and the refrigerant in a gaseous state to condense and liquefy the refrigerant. The expansion valve 11 decompresses the condensed refrigerant. The evaporator 12 cools cold water by causing heat exchange between the condensed refrigerant and cold water (heated product). The compressor 13 compresses the refrigerant evaporated and vaporized in the evaporator 12, and then supplies the refrigerant to the condenser 10.

In this refrigerator, the refrigerant in the gaseous state is exchanged with the cooling water by the condenser 10, cooled, condensed, and brought into a liquid state. Next, this refrigerant is reduced by the expansion valve 11 to the evaporation pressure, and is supplied to the evaporator 12. Next, this refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator 12 to exchange heat with cold water. As a result, the cold water is cooled to realize the freezing function. Next, this refrigerant is supplied from the evaporator 12 to the compressor 13, pressurized by the compressor 13, and brought into a gaseous state at high temperature and high pressure. And this refrigerant | coolant heat-exchanges with cooling water again by the condenser 10, and circulates.

[evaporator]

The evaporator 12 includes a vessel 14, heat transfer tube groups 15A to 15C, a cold water inlet 16, a cold water outlet 17, a demister 18, a bottom plate 19, and a demister. It has the frame 20 and the refrigerant gas discharge port (outflow pipe) 21 (refer FIG. 5). The container 14 is a container for introducing a coolant and has a cylindrical shape. The heat transfer pipe group 15A-15C is comprised by the bundle of many heat exchanger tubes 15 which become a flow path of cold water, and is arrange | positioned in the vertical downward position in the container 14, facing the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger tube 15 to one direction. . These heat transfer tube groups 15A to 15C are immersed in the refrigerant in the container 14. In addition, adjacent heat transfer tube groups 15A, 15B; 15B, 15C in the container 14 communicate with each other via the folding section 22. The cold water inlet 16 is an inlet of cold water to the heat transfer pipe group 15A. The cold water outlet 17 is an outlet portion of cold water from the heat transfer pipe group 15C. The demister 18 is a gas-liquid separator which removes the vapor | steam generate | occur | produced in the container 14, and is arrange | positioned perpendicularly upward of the heat exchanger tube groups 15A-15C. The bottom plate 19 is a member that supports the demister 18 from the lower side of the container 14. The demister frame 20 is a frame-shaped member which covers the demister 18 from the upper direction, and fixes the demister 18 between the bottom plate 19 and is fixed. The refrigerant gas discharge port 21 is an outlet for discharging the refrigerant gas to the outside of the container 14 and communicates with the compressor 13 (see FIG. 4).

In this evaporator 12, first, the refrigerant from the expansion valve 11 is introduced into the container 14 from below (see Figs. 4 and 5). Next, the coolant is evaporated by heat exchange with cold water passing through the heat transfer tube 15, whereby the cold water is cooled. Next, this refrigerant is blown upward of the container 14 and passes through the demister 18. At this time, the steam contained in the refrigerant is separated and removed by the demister 18. And this refrigerant | coolant is discharged | emitted from the refrigerant gas discharge port 21 to the exterior of the container 14, and it is collect | recovered to the compressor 13 side.

[Occlusion section of the evaporator]

In this evaporator 12, the demister 18 is sandwiched between the bottom plate 19 and the demister frame 20 as described above, and held (see FIGS. 5 and 2). At this time, the bottom plate 19 and the demister frame 20 have an opening 25 with respect to the planar portion of the demister 18. Therefore, the refrigerant can pass through the demister 18 from these openings 25. Hereinafter, the area | region through which the refrigerant | coolant can pass (the area | region where the opening part 25 of the bottom plate 19 and the demister frame 20 is located) among the planar areas of the demister 18 is simply called the opening part 25 of the demister 18. FIG. Call In such a configuration, the refrigerant evaporated in the heat transfer tube 15 passes through the demister 18 through the opening 25 (see FIG. 1). At this time, the refrigerant is gas-liquid separated by the demister 18, and the vapor component of the refrigerant is reduced. The refrigerant is discharged from the refrigerant gas outlet 21 to the outside of the container 14 and supplied to the compressor 13.

Here, at the time of operation of the evaporator 12, steam is generated almost evenly from the liquid level of the refrigerant in the container 14. However, since the refrigerant (steam) is discharged to the outside of the container 14 only from the refrigerant gas outlet 21, the flow rate of the refrigerant rapidly increases in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas outlet 21 (see the broken line graph in FIG. 1). At this time, if the flow velocity of the refrigerant is too large, the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister 18 is deteriorated, and the refrigerant including the droplets may be discharged from the refrigerant gas outlet 21 to the outside.

Therefore, this evaporator 12 has the blocking part 26 which closes the opening part 25 of the demister 18 in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas discharge port 21 (refer FIG. 1 and FIG. 2). Therefore, the coolant cannot pass through the demister 18 in this blocking part 26. In such a configuration, since the refrigerant passes through the demister 18 while bypassing the obstruction 26, the flow rate of the refrigerant is reduced to ensure the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister 18.

[Part of evaporator]

In addition, in this evaporator 12, the opening part 25 of the demister 18 is divided into the several area | region which has different opening area on the boundary of the obstruction part 26 (refer FIG. 1 and FIG. 2). That is, the openings 25 of the demisters 18 are closed by the blocking portion 26 near the refrigerant gas outlet 21, and have a plurality of regions having different opening areas on the basis of the blocking portion 26. It is divided into For example, in this embodiment, the demister 18 has a long and rectangular plate shape, and the plane is inclined at a predetermined inclination angle (for example, 15 [deg]) with respect to the heat transfer pipe groups 15A to 15C. Extends in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer pipe 15 while inclining at (). Then, the obstruction portion 26 is disposed in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas discharge port 21 (the area closest to the refrigerant gas discharge port 21 in the plane of the demister 18). The opening 25 of the demister 18 is blocked. In addition, the openings 25 and 25 of the demister 18 are partitioned into a region on the side of the cold water inlet 16 and a region on the side of the folding section 22, with the obstruction 26 as a boundary. In addition, the refrigerant gas discharge port 21 is disposed near the folding part 22 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer pipe 15. Therefore, the opening part 25 formed in this folding part 22 side is formed shorter in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger tube 15 than the opening part 25 formed in the cold water inlet 16 side, and has a smaller opening area. .

Here, at the time of operation of the evaporator 12, steam is generated almost evenly from the liquid level of the refrigerant in the container 14. However, since the refrigerant (steam) is discharged to the outside of the container 14 only from the refrigerant gas outlet 21, the flow rate of the refrigerant rapidly increases in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas outlet 21 (see the broken line graph in FIG. 1). For this reason, the flow velocity of a refrigerant | coolant becomes large in the area | region (region on the side of the folding part 22) which has a smaller opening area than the area | region which has a large opening area (region on the side of the cold water inlet 16) among the area | regions of the opening part 25. FIG. As a result, the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister 18 is deteriorated at the small opening portion 25 side, and the refrigerant including the liquid droplets may be discharged from the refrigerant gas outlet 21 to the outside.

Therefore, this evaporator 12 has the partition part 30 which partitions the area | region of the adjacent opening part 25 upstream of the demister 18 (refer FIG. 1 and FIG. 2). That is, the area | region of the opening part 25 partitioned around the refrigerant gas discharge port 21 (position of the blocking part 26) is divided by the partition part 30 in the upstream of the demister 18. As shown in FIG. . For example, in this embodiment, the partition part 30 consists of a rectangular plate-shaped member, and is provided in the lower surface (side surface of the heat exchanger tube 15 side) of the bottom plate 19. As shown in FIG. Moreover, the partition part 30 is arrange | positioned in the opening part 25 on the side of the folding part 22 which has a small opening area, and the demister 18 along the edge part of the closing part 26 side of this opening part 25 is carried out. Extends in the width direction (the radial direction of the heat transfer pipe groups 15A to 15C). Moreover, the partition part 30 has the height of the grade from the lower surface of the demister 18 to the vicinity of the heat exchanger tube groups 15A-15C. Accordingly, the space between the lower surface of the demister 18 and the heat transfer pipe groups 15A to 15C is formed by the partition 30 so that the area on the side of the folding portion 22 and the cold water inlet 16 are larger than the refrigerant gas outlet 21. It is divided into the area of the side.

In this structure, since the area | region of the adjacent opening part 25 is partitioned by the partition part 30 on the upstream side of the demister 18, the circulation of refrigerant | coolant (inflow of refrigerant) between each area | region is suppressed. That is, in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas discharge port 21 and on the upstream side of the demister 18, an area on the side of the small opening 25 from the area on the side of the large opening 25 (the area on the side of the cold water inlet 16) [ The flow of the refrigerant to the region on the side of the folding section 22 is suppressed. Thereby, since the increase of the flow velocity of the refrigerant | coolant in the small opening part 25 side is suppressed, there exists an advantage that the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister 18 is ensured appropriately (refer the solid line graph of FIG. 1). In addition, in such a configuration, since the evaporator 12 can be downsized, there is an advantage that the cost of the product can be reduced.

In addition, in this embodiment, the partition part 30 is comprised by the flat blind board (plate which does not have a hole) (refer FIG. 2). However, it is not limited to this, and the partition part 30 may be comprised by the porous plate (not shown). Even in such a configuration, an increase in the flow velocity of the refrigerant on the small opening portion 25 side can be suppressed.

In addition, in the above structure, it is preferable that the partition 30 be disposed only in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas outlet 21 (the boundary position between the region on the large opening 25 side and the region on the small opening 25 side) ( 1 and 2). In such a structure, compared with the structure (not shown) in which many division parts are arrange | positioned upstream of a demister, there exists an advantage that a structure is simplified and cost reduction of a product is attained.

Moreover, in the structure (not shown) in which the opening part of a demister is divided into several area | region which has substantially the same opening area as the boundary part, the flow rate difference of the refrigerant | coolant which passes through each area | region is small. Therefore, in this structure, the partition part 30 may be abbreviate | omitted.

Moreover, in this evaporator 12, it is preferable that the partition part 30 is arrange | positioned near the area | region of the side which has a small opening area among the area | regions of the opening part 25 (refer FIG. 1 and FIG. 2). For example, in this embodiment, the partition part 30 is arrange | positioned at the boundary of the opening part and the blocking part 26 by the side of the folding part 22. As shown in FIG. In such a configuration, the coolant flow from the region on the large opening 25 side (the region on the cold water inlet 16 side) to the region on the small opening 25 side (the region on the side of the folding section 22) is more effectively reduced. . Thereby, there exists an advantage that the increase of the flow velocity of the refrigerant | coolant in the small opening part 25 side is suppressed, and the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister 18 is ensured appropriately.

Moreover, in the structure in which the opening part 25 of the demister 18 has a small opening area in the area | region by the side of cold water inlet 16, the partition part 30 has the opening part 25 and the obstruction | block part in the cold water inlet 16 side. It is arrange | positioned at the boundary of 26 (refer FIG. 3).

Moreover, in this evaporator 12, it is preferable that the partition part 30 is arrange | positioned over the substantially whole width (approximately whole width with respect to the width direction of the heat-transfer tube group 15A-15C) of the demister 18 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2). For example, in this embodiment, the partition part 30 has a length substantially the same as the width of the bottom plate 19, and is arrange | positioned so that it may extend over the full width of the bottom plate 19. FIG. In such a structure, compared with the structure (not shown) in which a partition part extends only in a part of the width direction of a demister, refrigerant flow to the area | region by the side of the small opening part 25 is reduced more effectively. Thereby, there exists an advantage that the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister 18 is ensured appropriately.

Moreover, in this evaporator 12, it is preferable that the partition part 30 has a height substantially equal to the height from the lower surface of the demister 18 to the heat exchanger tube groups 15A-15C (refer FIG. 1). That is, it is preferable that the partition part 30 extends from the lower surface of the demister 18 to the vicinity of the heat exchanger tube groups 15A-15C. In such a configuration, since the space from the steam generation position (heat transfer tube group 15A to 15C) to the demister 18 is partitioned by the partition section 30, the refrigerant flows to the area on the side of the small opening 25 side. It is reduced more effectively. Thereby, there exists an advantage that the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister 18 is ensured appropriately.

In addition, in the structure in which the demister 18 is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction (refer FIG. 5), the height from the lower surface of the demister 18 to the heat exchanger tube groups 15A-15C is not the same. Therefore, in such a configuration, for example, the partition 30 has a substantially triangular shape, such that the height of the partition 30 increases from the lower surface of the demister 18 to the heat transfer pipe groups 15A to 15C. It may increase or decrease according to (not shown).

As described above, the evaporator and the freezer according to the present invention are useful in that the gas-liquid separation performance of the demister 18 can be properly secured.

10: condenser
11: expansion valve
12: evaporator
13: Compressor
14: container
15: heat pipe
15A to 15C: heat transfer tube group
16: cold water inlet
17: cold water outlet
18: Demister
19: base plate
20: demister frame
21: refrigerant gas outlet
22: folding part
25: opening
26: occlusion part
30: compartment

Claims (5)

A heat transfer tube group consisting of a plurality of heat transfer tubes serving as a flow path of a heating material, and a demister for separating gaseous liquid from the passing refrigerant; Evaporator to discharge to the outside from the refrigerant gas outlet,
When the area where the refrigerant can pass among the arrangement areas of the demister is called the opening of the demister, a blocking portion for blocking the opening of the demister is arranged in the vicinity of the refrigerant gas discharge port, and the opening is bounded by the blocking portion. Which is partitioned into a plurality of regions having different opening areas, and further comprising a partition portion for partitioning an area of the neighboring opening portion upstream of the demister. The method of claim 1,
The said evaporator characterized by the above-mentioned partition part being arrange | positioned near the area | region of the side which has a small opening area among the area | regions of the said opening part. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
And the compartment is disposed over the entire width of the demister. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
And said partition having the same height as the height from the lower surface of said demister to said heat transfer tube group. The refrigerator of Claim 1 or 2 provided with the evaporator.

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