KR101268146B1

KR101268146B1 - Solid fuel pellet of spherical shape and making method

Info

Publication number: KR101268146B1
Application number: KR1020100045591A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 강양곤
Original assignee: 강양곤
Priority date: 2010-05-14
Filing date: 2010-05-14
Publication date: 2013-05-27
Also published as: KR20110125939A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spherical solid fuel pellets and a method for manufacturing the same, the spherical material pellets larger than the raw material pellets by a plurality of spherical raw material pellets compressed by drying the compressed combustion material mixed with vegetable fats and compressed together Forming fuel pellets, the surface of the fuel pellets being spherical solid fuel pellets coated with vegetable oil, and preparing a combustion material containing moisture; Pulverizing the prepared combustion material in a grinder; Primary drying the pulverized combustion material at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in a hot air dryer; Adding and mixing 10-20% by volume of vegetable oil to the dried combustion material; Forming a raw material pellet by compressing the combustion material to which the vegetable oil is added to form a sphere having a diameter of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less in a recirculating machine; A plurality of raw material pellets to which vegetable fats and oils have been added are compressed together in a molding machine to form a fuel pellet having a larger spherical shape than the raw material pellets; Secondary drying the fuel pellets to which vegetable oil is added at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in a hot air dryer; And coating and coating the dried spherical shaped fuel pellet until it becomes 3-4.9% by weight from the total weight of the vegetable fat. The spherical solid pellet fuel is manufactured, and can be stored for a long time, The heat is high and the combustion time is faster, the thermal efficiency is improved.

Description

Spherical Solid Fuel Pellets and Manufacturing Method Thereof {SOLID FUEL PELLET OF SPHERICAL SHAPE AND MAKING METHOD}

The present invention relates to a spherical solid fuel pellets and a method for manufacturing the same, in detail, a combustion material obtained by grinding wood chips or coal is mixed with vegetable fats and oils, and then compressed into a small spherical shape. A plurality of raw material pellets are made together to form fuel pellets compressed into a larger spherical shape than the raw material pellets, and the surface of the soft pellet pellets thus formed is coated with vegetable oil and used as fuel for pellet boilers. The present invention relates to a spherical solid fuel pellet and a method for producing the same, which are capable of complete combustion in a short time, increase in calories by addition of vegetable oil, and minimize water penetration by coating vegetable oil.

It is a fuel used for heating greenhouses or houses for growing crops, and uses a lot of pellet fuel, which compresses the same wood chips into rods, replacing oil or gas, and these pellet fuels are continuously long and thin like pulling out rice cakes. At the same time, the surface is coated, and the surface is continuously cut into short rods while coating.

However, the conventional pellet fuel made of such a short and thin rod shape has a problem that the length is not constant and the cut surface is not coated because the long rod shape is arbitrarily cut.

As such, the pellet fuel is not standardized in size because the length is not constant, and since the cut surface is not coated, moisture easily penetrates into this part, which leads to a slow combustion time, which is a factor of lowering thermal efficiency. Due to the easy penetration of moisture, it is difficult to store for a long time, and there is an inconvenience of having to choose a place where there is no moisture in the storage place.

In addition, the conventional pellet fuel has a problem that the control of the fuel is not easy because the cutting surface is not smooth and rod-shaped, so the friction is severe and the load is well applied when supplied as fuel.

In addition, the pellet fuel has a problem that the calorific value is not very high compared to general oil or gas fuel at about 4500 kcal per kilogram, so it is not a very efficient fuel.

The present invention has been made to improve the above-mentioned problems, the object of which is to crush the combustion material added with vegetable oil to form a small spherical shape, a plurality of raw material pellets formed into a small spherical shape By compacting with each other to form a larger spherical shape than the raw material pellets, to provide a spherical solid fuel pellets that are increased in heat and improved thermal efficiency by fuel pellets are added to the vegetable fat and coated with the vegetable fat.

Another object is to prepare a combustion material of wood chips, coconut shells or powdered rice husks, which are crushed to the same size as sawdust, and dry the comminuted combustion material first, and then to the dried combustion material. By adding and mixing a certain percentage of vegetable fats and oils, and compressing the combustion material mixed with vegetable fats and oils with a crusher to make a small spherical raw material pellets, a plurality of the raw material pellets are agglomerated and pressed by a molding machine to Spherical fuel pellets comprising spherical fuel pellets larger than the raw material pellets, secondary drying of the fuel pellets to which vegetable fats are added, and coating and coating the surface of the dried fuel pellets with vegetable fats and oils. To provide a manufacturing method.

Still another object is to prepare a combustion material of coal or lignite pulverized in powder form, add and mix a certain volume% of vegetable fats and oils to the prepared combustion materials, and compress the molding of the combustion materials mixed with vegetable fats and oils with a blower. To form a small spherical raw material pellets, and a plurality of the raw material pellets are agglomerated together with a molding machine to form a fuel pellet having a larger spherical shape than the raw material pellets, and the fuel pellets to which vegetable fat is added are dried by a hot air dryer. In addition, to provide a method for producing a spherical solid fuel pellets comprising the process of coating the dried surface of the fuel pellets with a vegetable oil.

In order to achieve the object as described above, the spherical solid fuel pellets of the present invention is more than the raw material pellets by a plurality of spherical raw material pellets compressed by drying the compressed combusted material mixed with vegetable oils and compacted together. It is molded into a large spherical fuel pellet, characterized in that the surface of the fuel pellet is coated with vegetable oils and fats.

In addition, the pulverized combustion material is preferably wood chips or coconut shells of the same size as sawdust, chaff in the form of powder, or coal or lignite in the form of powder.

The size of the raw material pellets is preferably 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less in diameter, and the size of the fuel pellets is preferably 2 mm or more and less than 10 mm in diameter.

In addition, the manufacturing method of one embodiment of the spherical solid fuel pellets of the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a combustion material containing moisture; Pulverizing the prepared combustion material in a grinder; Primary drying the pulverized combustion material at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in a hot air dryer; Adding and mixing 10-20% by volume of vegetable oil to the dried combustion material; Forming a raw material pellet by compressing the combustion material to which the vegetable oil is added to form a sphere having a diameter of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less in a recirculating machine; A plurality of raw material pellets to which vegetable fats and oils have been added are compressed together in a molding machine to form a fuel pellet having a larger spherical shape than the raw material pellets; Secondary drying the fuel pellets to which vegetable oil is added at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in a hot air dryer; And coating and drying the dried spherical fuel pellet until it becomes 3-4.9% by weight of the total weight with vegetable oil.

In addition, the combustion material is preferably wood chips or coconut shells crushed to the same size as the sawdust, or chaff pulverized in the form of a powder of the size of 100 ~ 200mesh.

In addition, the manufacturing method of another embodiment of the spherical solid fuel pellet of the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a combustion material; Grinding the prepared combustion material in a grinder to form a powder; Adding and mixing 10-20% by volume of vegetable oil to the pulverized combustion material; Making a raw material pellet by crushing and combusting the combustion material into a spherical shape having a diameter of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less in a crusher; A plurality of raw material pellets agglomerated with each other in a molding machine to form a fuel pellet having a larger spherical shape than the raw material pellets; Drying the fuel pellets at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in a hot air dryer; And coating and drying the dried spherical fuel pellet until it becomes 3-4.9% by weight from the total weight of the vegetable fat with vegetable fats and oils.

In addition, the combustion material is preferably coal or lignite in powder form having a size of 100 to 200 mesh.

In addition, the vegetable oil is a hardened oil extracted from castor fruit, olive, wit, jojoba, avocado seed, almond, sunflower seed, camellia seed, rapeseed seed, it is preferable to select any one of them or mix two or more. Do.

According to the spherical solid fuel pellet of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof, since the pellet itself is spherical, the entire surface can be completely coated with vegetable fats and oils, so that moisture cannot penetrate at all. It can be stored.

In addition, since the fuel pellets are made into a larger spherical shape by gathering four small spherical raw material pellets, the small spherical raw material pellets are separated during combustion, and thus the combustion time is faster and complete combustion is achieved, thereby improving thermal efficiency. By adding vegetable oils and fats, there is an effect that calories become higher than before.

In addition, since the spherical shape can minimize the friction when the solid fuel pellet is supplied, there is no load is applied, there is an effect that the supply is smoothly.

Furthermore, since the size of the spherical solid fuel pellets can be made constant, the standardization can be achieved, and this has the effect of easy control of the fuel.

1 is a perspective view of a spherical solid fuel pellet according to the present invention
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 1
3 is a conceptual diagram showing a manufacturing process of the spherical solid fuel pellets according to the present invention.
4A is a partial perspective view of a depilator making raw pellet spheres of spherical solid fuel pellets according to the present invention;
4b is a partial front view of a depilator making raw pellet spheres of spherical solid fuel pellets according to the present invention;

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the spherical solid fuel pellets and a method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, It is provided to inform.

1 is a perspective view of a spherical solid fuel pellet according to the present invention, Figure 2 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the spherical solid fuel pellets of the present invention are pulverized and the raw material pellets are compacted into spherical shapes having a diameter of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less by compression molding a combustion material to which vegetable fat is added. 1) to make a plurality of the raw material pellets (1) agglomerated with each other in a molding machine to make a fuel pellet (2) having a diameter of 2 mm or more and less than 10 mm larger than the raw material pellets (1) to dry , The whole spherical surface of the dried fuel pellets 2 is coated with a vegetable oil.

When a plurality of small raw material pellets 1 are aggregated to make fuel pellets 2, for example, four raw material pellets are collected and compressed in a state where they are two up and down with each other and compressed to form a larger spherical fuel pellet (2). In the case of molding, the fuel pellet 2 acts as a kind of interface 3 between the fuel pellet 2 and the 1/4 spherical raw material pellet 1, and the coating film 4 of vegetable oil is formed on the spherical surface of the fuel pellet 2. Is formed.

As the combustion material of the raw material pellets, which constitute the main component of the spherical solid fuel pellets, wood chips, coconut shells, or powder chaffs having the same size as sawdust are used, and the wood chips or coconut shells contain moisture. It is necessary to dry after grinding.

In addition, when using a combustion material made of wood chips, coconut husks, or powdered chaff, it is added to the wood chips or coconut husks or chaff at a constant volume% to compensate for the heat generated when burning the combustion materials. It produces 5500 ~ 6000㎉ calorie per kilogram higher than ordinary wood chips by using vegetable oils. When coal or lignite is used as a combustion material of raw material pellets, it is pulverized in powder form, and the coal or lignite itself is used. Since the calories are very high, the vegetable fats and oils are added as a kind of binder for compression molding the raw material pellets 1 or fuel pellets 2, but 2 to 8 volumes contained in the coal or lignite when the vegetable fats and oils are not used. % Moisture can act as a binder.

The wood chip is a by-product that is discarded when the wood is cut and a by-product containing sawdust, which is a large powder that is swept away from the tree when the wood is turned on or cut, and the coconut shell refers to the outer shell of coconut, the fruit of the palm tree. By-products are discarded when coconut is processed into processed foods, and chaff is a by-product of rice husk, which is discarded when rice is milled.

The wood chips, coconut shells, and chaff are by-products discarded during processing, but most of the components are made of fiber that can emit a large amount of heat during combustion.

Figure 3 shows a conceptual diagram showing the manufacturing process of the spherical solid fuel pellets according to the present invention.

Referring to Figure 3 describes the manufacturing process of the spherical solid fuel pellet of the present invention step by step.

First, as an example, wood chips, coconut shells, or chaff are prepared as a combustion material that is used as a base to make pellets of a small spherical shape.

Next, the wood chips or coconut shell, which is a combustion material, are put in a grinder and crushed to the same size as sawdust, and the chaff is put into a grinder and pulverized into a powder form of 100 to 200 mesh.

Next, the combusted material of the crushed wood chips, coconut shells or chaff contains water and is first dried to a temperature in the range of 200 to 300 ° C. by a hot air dryer.

Next, 10-20% by volume of vegetable fat or oil is added to a combustible material of crushed and dried sawdust or powdered wood chips, coconut shells or rice hulls as a kind of binder and mixed.

Next, the combustion material to which the vegetable fat or oil was added is compression-molded into a small spherical shape having a diameter of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less in a crusher to make raw material pellets.

The size of the raw material pellets is a size that can be smoothly molded into a spherical shape, there is a problem in making the raw material pellets into a spherical shape if the diameter is less than 1mm or larger than 3mm.

Next, a plurality of raw material pellets compression-molded into small spherical shapes, such as four, were collected and pressed together at a pressure of 50 kgf / cm < 3 > Fuel pellets are made into a spherical shape with a diameter of at least 2 mm and less than 10 mm larger than the raw material pellets.

The size of the fuel pellets can be properly controlled when supplying the fuel pellets to the fuel of the pellet boiler, and when the diameter is less than 2 mm and 10 mm or more, the size of the fuel pellets is too small or too large for the storage and supply for the control of the fuel pellets. have.

Next, the fuel pellets to which the vegetable fats and oils are added and finished into a spherical shape larger than the raw material pellets are secondarily dried in a hot air dryer at a temperature in the range of 200 to 300 ° C.

Next, the whole spherical surface of the secondary dried fuel pellets is applied by coating until it becomes 3-4.9 weight% with respect to the total weight by vegetable fats and oils.

Here, as the molding machine for making the spherical raw material pellets, a general mold is used, or as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, two rollers are rotated to the left and right, and the combustion material passes between the rollers. A molding machine called a depilator can be used in which numerous spherical raw material pellets come out.

In addition, when a combustion material is put in one side of the rotating screw, a molding machine in which the raw material pellets come out in a spherical shape can be used.

In addition, a method of making a larger spherical fuel pellet by collecting a plurality of raw material pellets is to collect some of the raw material pellets by a sorter or a sorting machine and feed them to a molding machine such as a press mold. Compress the dog to get the fuel pellet in the shape of the sphere you want.

When compressing the vegetable material such as wood chips and use it as a combustion material such as pellets, compressive strength or sufficient calories are required. According to the present applicant's research, sufficient compressive strength was obtained according to the addition condition of vegetable oil. In addition, the amount of heat was also more than 5500 kPa per kilogram, and even if it contained moisture, the ash content was very low, about 0.4%.

On the other hand, the production method of another embodiment using coal or lignite as the combustion material other than wood chips or coconut shell is as follows.

First, coal or lignite is selected and prepared as a combustion material as a base to make pellets of raw material having a small spherical shape.

Next, the coal or lignite which is a combustion material is put into a grinder and pulverized into a powder of 100 to 200 mesh size.

Next, 10-20% by volume of vegetable fat or oil is added to the combustion material of the coal or lignite which is pulverized and mixed into powder.

Next, the combustion material in the form of powder and mixed with the vegetable fats and oils is compression-molded into a small spherical shape having a diameter of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less in a crusher to make raw material pellets.

Next, a plurality of raw material pellets compression molded into small spherical shapes, such as four, are collected and pressed two to each other up and down to form a compression molding machine at a pressure of 50 to 100 kgf / cm 3 at a temperature of 160 ° C. Fuel pellets are made into a spherical shape having a diameter of at least 2 mm and less than 10 mm larger than the pellets.

The reason for compressing the fuel pellets at a higher temperature and higher pressure than the manufacturing method of the embodiment using wood chips or the like as a combustion material is to use moisture contained in the coal or lignite without using vegetable oil as a binder. This is because, in some cases, by appropriately adjusting the temperature and pressure in the state containing the appropriate moisture it is possible to compression molding with only the moisture without a separate binder.

Next, the vegetable oil is added and the finished fuel pellet into a spherical shape larger than the raw material pellets is dried in a hot air dryer at a temperature in the range of 200 to 300 ° C.

Next, the whole spherical surface of the dried fuel pellets is applied by coating until it becomes 3-4.9 weight% with respect to the total weight by vegetable fats and oils.

The molding machine used here is as described above, and the reason for specifying the size of the raw material pellets and fuel pellets is also the same as described above.

The vegetable fats and oils used to make fuel pellets from wood chips, coconut husks, rice husks or combustion materials of coal or lignite are extracted from castor fruit, olive, wit, jojoba, avocado seed, almond, sunflower seed, camellia seed, and rapeseed seed. As the fats and oils which have been cured, any one of them or a mixture of two or more thereof is used.

In particular, it is preferable to use castor fruit of vegetable oil mixed with the combustion material when making the raw material pellets from the combustion material of wood chips, coconut shell, chaff.

The castor fruit is a fruit of a plant also known as Castor, which has been used as a fuel for extracting oil from the fruit, and emits a large amount of heat during combustion.

In addition, the drying of the fuel pellets in a hot air dryer is intended to smooth combustion by removing moisture or ordinary moisture contained in the vegetable oil.

As described above, the spherical solid fuel pellets according to the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof have been described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed herein, and the technical spirit of the present invention. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the course.

1: raw material pellet 2: fuel pellet
3: interface 4: coating film

Claims

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In the manufacturing method of the spherical solid fuel pellets,
Preparing a combustion material of wood chips, coconut husks or chaff; And
Pulverizing the combustion material in a mill; And
First drying the pulverized combustion material at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in a hot air dryer; And
10 to 20% by volume of the vegetable fat cured by mixing at least one of castor fruit, olive, wit, jojoba, avocado seed, almond, sunflower seed, camellia seed and rapeseed seed to the dried combustion material Doing; And
Making a raw material pellet by compressing the combustion material to which the vegetable oil is added to form a sphere having a diameter of 1 mm to 3 mm in a crusher; And
Forming a plurality of fuel pellets having a size of 2 mm or more and less than 10 mm by compacting and molding a plurality of raw material pellets together in a molding machine; And
Secondary drying the fuel pellets at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in a hot air dryer; And
Coating and drying the dried surface of the fuel pellet until the vegetable fat is 3-4.9 wt% based on the total weight;
Method for producing a spherical solid fuel pellets, characterized in that consisting of.

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In the manufacturing method of the spherical solid fuel pellets,
Preparing a combustion material of coal or lignite in powder form having a size of 100 to 200 mesh; And
Pulverizing the combustion material in a pulverizer to form a powder; And
10 to 20% by volume of the vegetable fat cured by mixing at least one of castor fruit, olive, wit, jojoba, avocado seed, almond, sunflower seed, camellia seed and rapeseed seed to the pulverized combustion material Doing; And
Forming a raw material pellet by compressing the combustion material mixed with vegetable oil into a spherical shape having a diameter of 1 mm to 3 mm in a crusher; And
Forming a spherical fuel pellet having a size of 2 mm or more and less than 10 mm by compacting and molding a plurality of raw material pellets together in a molding machine; And
Drying the fuel pellets at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in a hot air dryer; And
Coating and drying the surface of the dried spherical fuel pellet until it is 3-4.9% by weight based on the total weight of the vegetable fat and oil;
Method for producing a spherical solid fuel pellets, characterized in that consisting of.

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