KR101249579B1 - Method for manufacturing a plastic fuel tank comprising a built in-neck - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of manufacturing a plastic fuel tank comprising a built-in neck by molding a parison in a mold, wherein the neck is formed by locally deforming the parison using a concave mating foam (2) and a convex form (3) into which the mating foam can be fitted. One part of these two parts is a method of manufacturing a plastic fuel tank comprising a built-in neck, which is fixed to a mold and the other part to a core located in the mold, or vice versa.

Description

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PLASTIC FUEL TANK COMPRISING A BUILT IN-NECK}

The present invention relates to a method of making a plastic fuel tank comprising a built-in neck, a device for implementing the method, and a built-in neck made from the method / apparatus and to which a filler pipe, spout or flange is attached. It relates to the gasoline tank to be used.

Fuel tanks on board of various vehicles must meet the permeability and water resistance specifications for the type in which the fuel tank is designed and used, as well as the environmental requirements. Currently in Europe and around the world, there are fairly stringent standards on limiting emissions of pollutants to the atmosphere and the general environment. Accordingly, the design of fuel tanks is rapidly evolving towards technologies that can better ensure water resistance and safety against changes in conditions of use. Moreover, attempts have also been made to minimize leaks occurring in various accessories connected to pipes and tanks. For example, the attachment of pipes, and in particular filling pipes, spouts and flanges to tanks, may present problems with permeability. To reduce this problem, various methods have been proposed, most of which are called intermediate parts or necks. However, the problem of waterproofness can still occur in such a neck.

Thus, the patent application US 2002/0130515 proposes a method of embodying the neck directly on the tank upon blowing of the tank. However, this method causes necks of inconsistent wall thicknesses, waterproof couplings are not ideal, and furthermore, extra thickness for the presence of impact strength and additional material costs (at least the minimum thickness required to fully implement). Need to have).

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method of integrating a neck in a plastic fuel tank during manufacture by molding, and using the method, the wall thickness of the neck is very uniform so that the above-mentioned problems can be avoided. To provide.

To this end, the present invention is a method of manufacturing a plastic fuel tank comprising a built-in neck by molding a parison in a mold, which can be fitted to a con cave counter-form and its mating foam. The neck is molded by using a convex form to deform the parison locally, one of these two forms being fixed to the mold and the other to a core located within the mold, or It is reversed.

The term "fuel tank" refers to a sealed tank capable of storing fuel under varying environmental and service conditions. An example of this tank is a tank mounted on an automobile.

The fuel tank according to the invention is made of plastic.

The term "plastic" refers to all materials comprising at least one synthetic resin polymer.

Any type of plastic may be suitable. In particular, suitable plastics are of the thermoplastic type.

The term "thermoplastic" refers to thermoplastic elastomers, as well as any thermoplastic polymers including their compounds. The term "polymer" refers to homopolymers and copolymers (particularly two or three copolymers). Examples of such copolymers are, but are not limited to, any copolymers, linear block copolymers, other block copolymers and graft copolymers.

All types of thermoplastic polymers or copolymers having a melting point below the decomposition temperature are suitable. Particularly suitable are synthetic thermoplastics having a wide melting range of at least 10 ° C. Examples of such materials include those exhibiting covariance in their molecular weight.

In particular, polyolefins, thermoplastic polyesters, polyketones, polyamides and copolymers thereof can be used. Compounds of polymers or copolymers may also be used, which may be inorganic and organic and / or natural fillers such as, but not limited to carbon, salts and other inorganic derivatives, natural fibers or polymerized fibers. Multi-layered structures consisting of laminated bonds comprising one or more polymers or copolymers described above can be used.

One polymer often used is polyethylene. Excellent results are obtained with high density polyethylene (HDPE).

The wall portion of the tank can be made of a single layer or a double layer of thermoplastic. One or more other possible additional layers may advantageously be composed of layers of materials that form the boundaries of the liquid and / or gas. Preferably, the nature and thickness of the boundary layer are chosen in such a way as to limit the permeability towards liquids and gases in contact with the inner surface of the tank as much as possible. Preferably, this layered layer is based on a boundary resin, which means that a fuel such as, for example, EVOH (copolymer of ethylene and partially hydrolyzed vinyl acetate) is impermeable. Optionally, the tank may be surface treated (fluorinated or sulfonated) for the purpose of preventing fuel from permeating.

According to the invention, the tank is produced by molding the parison. By "parison" is meant a preform, which is usually molded into the required shape and size and then constitutes the wall of the tank and is usually extruded. Such preforms need not be manufactured in a single part.

Thus, advantageously, the parison consists of two separate parts, which may for example be two sheets. Preferably, however, two parts cut in one appear, and the same extrusion molded tubular parison is described in the applicant's application EP 1110697, whose purpose is for reference in the present application. It is. According to this variant, after a single parison is extruded, it is cut along two opposite lines over its entire length, resulting in two separate parts (sheets).

Compared to the molding of two separate extruded sheets, the thickness of the sheets is constant, and this method is characterized by the variable thickness (obtained by the advantage of a suitable extrusion apparatus (extruder usually mounted on an adjustable punch die)). Namely, the thickness of which is not constant along its length). Such parison takes into account the thickness reduction due to the non-uniform strain of the material in the molding, which occurs at any point of the parison during molding.

According to the invention, the parison is locally deformed to form a neck that attaches a pipe, spout or flange to the tank. Preferably, it is a tank filling pipe which is a relatively complex geometric shape and is molded separately from the tank. It may also be a spout for connecting the discharge line or a flange for supporting the fuel line or the accessory, for example. Typically, this neck has a substantial cylindrical shape, a thickness above or below the tank wall, and a length suitable to obtain a strong mechanical attachment of the pipe to which it is joined. The neck may form a thread (for example by screwing a flange to form a complementary thread).

Typically the shaping of the neck is carried out separately from the shaping of a suitable tank. It may be carried out before or after the tank forming operation. For practical reasons, it is preferable to carry out before the tank is molded or, in some cases, before the last step of this molding operation (which can be, for example, the assembly of two shells formed separately into the same molding). Indeed, some methods use insertion of the core as a means (for example a one-piece accessory) prior to molding the tank for other reasons, and this step can be usefully used (at least partially) to shape the neck.

Typically, the method according to the invention

Introducing parison as a template,

Introducing a core to a parison in the mold,

-Closing the mold,

Pressurizing the mold cavity to the parison by blowing through the core and / or withdrawing the vacuum behind the mold,

At least shaping the neck by removing the mating foam in the foam.

Thus, according to the invention, the shaping of the neck is made using two complementary parts, which can be fitted to convex foams (or punches) of suitable shape, and their mating foams, and thereby through local pressure of the material. It is a concave mating foam sized to shape the neck. One of these two foams is fixed to the core and the other to the mold. If the mating form is fixed to the core (concave neck), the form is fixed to the mold and vice versa (convex neck). Thus, since the foam can be fitted to the mating foam to shape the neck, these two portions can move one portion relative to the other at a given point in time. Typically, the movement of one part of the two parts is caused by a suitable device of the hydraulic piston type. Such a device is advantageously formed by a core (and moving part).

If the neck forming the thread is to be shaped, the thread must be integral to the foam so that after forming, the tank must unscrew the part (neck) from the mold.

Advantageously, this is done in a manner that compensates for the reduction in thickness that occurs naturally in the final part of the neck (shortest from the parison).

Due to the same result, in order to still ensure a constant wall thickness near the neck, it is desirable for the parison to maintain pressure around the neck upon withdrawal of the foam from the mating foam.

In the method according to the invention, the tank can be molded by blowing molding the parison (pressurizing the parison to the mold using a compression fluid (usually air)). In this method, the parison has already tested the influence of the pressurized fluid before the neck is blown and / or formed, which ensures that the parison is firmly pressed against the mold. Thus, it is desirable to test pressing the parison on the mold, for example by blowing through the core, before blowing and / or forming the mold. As a result, in such an example, the mold must be degassed before retracting the core from the mold, especially in order to avoid excessively rapid expansion of the trapped compressed fluid and accompanying noise.

Thus, the method of the present invention according to a preferred variant,

Introducing parison as a template,

Introducing a core to a parison in the mold,

-Closing the mold,

Pressurizing the parison against the mold cavity by blowing through the core and / or withdrawing the vacuum chamber behind the mold,

Shaping the neck by removing the relative foam in the foam,

Running degassing,

Opening the mold to retract the core,

-Closing the mold on the parison again and blowing the parison to manufacture the tank,

Removing the tank from the mold.

The degassing step can be carried out in any suitable way. Typically, the parison can first be penetrated (eg, pricked with a needle), after which the fluid can flow out of the mold (eg using a valve).

Optionally, the tank may be formed by pressurizing the parison (one or more sheets of cast material) to the wall of the thermoformed mold by thermoforming the parison (ie, bleeding out the vacuum of the space between the cast material and the wall of the mold). ) Can be molded.

Particularly good blowing yields depend on the duration of the production cycle. Due to a given production rate, this method requires a low equipment investment (compared to vacuum forming in the vacuum chamber (above) or compression molding in the form of a core or punch).

According to the present invention, if the tank embodying the neck is molded, the end of the neck is cut to loosen the end of the neck. Such cutting is performed by any suitable means. Preferably, this cutting is carried out using a rotary cutter or any other tool capable of cutting without generating chips.

The invention also relates to an apparatus that can be used to carry out the method described above. According to this aspect, the invention relates to a device comprising a core and a mold, these two parts being mounted on a mating form in which one part is concave, and on a convex form in which the other part can fit the mating form to form a neck. It is.

As mentioned above, the threads can be embodied in a foam to obtain a neck into which portions (such as flanges) forming complementary threads can be screwed.

Preferably, these two components (foam and mating foam) have a suitable shape and size that can be compression molded to avoid a reduction in their wall thickness as described above.

As such, in order to apply local pressure around the neck upon retraction of the foam as described above, the foam or mating foam of the device is preferably secured to one or more spring loaded supports. Advantageously the support has a shape, size and position such that when the moving part (usually supported by the core) is retracted, the support is pressed by the spring around the parison, neck, Maintain local pressure at the point. The strength and duration of this pressure depends on the rating of the spring. Alternatively or additionally, the function of the spring can be exerted by the blowing pressure.

Optionally, the neck is molded towards the inside of the tank (so-called concave neck) so as to fall within the range of internal volume defined by the wall of the tank, in particular when the neck is intended for fixing the filling pipe. As far as the device used is concerned, this preferably means that the part fixed to the core is the relative foam and therefore the part fixed to the mold is the foam. One advantage of the concave neck is that the diameter of the inner surface is the entire length of the blowing period (possibly and / or during the post-blowing / post cooling period). This improves the tolerances of the outer surface (which eventually forms the inner surface of the neck) and thereby improves the quality of welding any other component that may be present in this neck (eg using hot filaments). Upon entry of the neck (which forms a moving part (fixed to the core)), sizing is performed only during the formation of this neck by the core and by blowing compression.

Preferably, the concave neck is substantially cylindrical and exhibits a tapered inlet, ie the transition between the surface of the tank and the surface of the cylindrical neck is circular. Preferably, this circle has a radius of at least 5 mm, or at least 10 mm. However, it is advantageous that this radius does not exceed 20 mm. Since the impact strength is improved, it is more beneficial when in a space useful for the vehicle environment. Such tapered inlets make the parts easier to assemble and limit the risk of increased stress.

For example, it may be beneficial to form a flange (or other combination of appropriate geometry) in one piece with the neck, making it easier to join the outer portion to the neck. Finally, the present invention relates to a plastic fuel tank obtainable by the method or apparatus described above. Specifically, it relates to a tank comprising a built-in neck having a constant wall thickness (in this case referred to as a tolerance of 0.1 mm) within ± 0.1 mm.

Such tanks advantageously have a filling pipe, spout or flange secured to the neck. This fixation can be carried out by HWMA known methods. Thus, for example, it can be fixed by mechanical fastening (such as using pipe clamps, or only by screwing in the case of necks and pipes in the case, spouts or flanges forming complementary threads), welding and the like.

One particularly suitable means (screw coupling described above) uses a coupling comprising a heating filament (i.e. a metal filament that is heated by an electrical effect when the current passes through and it is a sufficient period of time to melt the plastic and form a weld). By welding. Particularly preferably, the coupling and welding using the same have been described in the patent US 2003/0168853, the object of which is referred to in this application. In particular, the coupling is of a suitable shape to facilitate the coupling of the heating filament to the power source. In particular, such a welding method is particularly suitable for the precise dimensions (particularly near tolerances) of necks formed using the method according to the invention, in particular a uniform welding can be obtained and it is possible to repeat so.

The invention is shown by way of nonlimiting illustration of the same reference numerals with the same reference numerals (core 1, moving part 2 fixed to core and mold 3).

In the modification shown in FIG. 1, the moving part 2 fixed to the core 1 is a foam, and the mating foam is fixed to the mold 3. This is the case of convex necks, in which the foam contacts the neck and controls the size of the neck upon formation of the neck.

2 and 3, the moving part 2 fixed to the core 1 is a mating foam, and the foam is fixed to the mold 3. This is the case for concave necks in which the foam maintains contact with the neck, and therefore controls the size of the neck only when the neck is molded.

In the variant shown in FIG. 2, when the mating foam is removed from the foam through the core, there is an overall decompression of the material around the neck and the neck. On the other hand, in the variant of FIG. 3, due to the presence of the support 4 with the two springs 5 mounted, when the mating foam is removed, the support is necked for a while (until the spring restores the support). It is possible to maintain contact with the periphery of and to maintain the pressure of the material at this point of adhesion, whereby better uniformity of thickness can be obtained.

In each case described, it is necessary to be able to relax the neck from the mold. In order to make this possible, it is necessary to provide additional means of movement in the mold, which is indicated in the figure by a second arrow (which cannot properly occur from the moving part 2).

Claims (11)

A method of manufacturing a plastic fuel tank comprising a built-in neck by molding a parison in a mold, wherein the neck is molded by locally deforming the parison using a concave mating foam and a convex foam that can fit into the mating foam. One of these two foams includes a built-in neck, fixed to the mold and the other fixed to a core located within the mold, or vice versa, Introducing the parison into the mold, Introducing the core into the parison in the mold, Closing the mold, Pressurizing the parison against the mold cavity by blowing through the core and / or withdrawing a vacuum behind the mold, Forming the neck by moving the foam within the mating foam. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the tank is based on HDPE and includes or is surface treated with a barrier material layer to prevent fuel from permeating. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the parison consists of two sheets obtained by cutting an extruded tubular parison. 4. delete 3. The built-in neck according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the neck is shaped in such a way as to compensate for the reduction in thickness which occurs naturally in the last part of the neck (shortest from the parison). The manufacturing method of the plastic fuel tank containing. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein upon retraction of the foam from the mating foam, the parison is maintained compressed around the neck. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the tank is blow molded or thermoformed. 4. Apparatus that can be used to carry out the method according to claim 1, comprising a mold and a core located inside the mold, one of these two parts mounted on a concave mating foam, the other part for forming the neck. A device mounted on a convex foam that can be fitted to a mating foam. 9. A device according to claim 8, wherein one component of the foam or mating foam is secured to one or more spring loaded supports. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the foam is secured to the mold and the mating foam is secured to the core. A fuel tank obtainable by the method according to claim 1 or 2 or the device according to claim 8, wherein the heating filament is embodied in a built-in neck, a filling pipe, a welding coupling with a wall thickness of 0.1 mm. And a spout or flange secured to the neck by welding or screwing using.

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