KR101225183B1 - Method and apparatus for operating multi-channel based on wireless access for vehicular environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The multi-channel operating apparatus divides one physical channel section into a control channel section using a control channel and a service channel section using a service channel, and sets the service channel section to its own communication radius among a plurality of vehicles located on the road. A first section for a vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) service with at least one vehicle to which the vehicle belongs is divided into a common section for a vehicle to vehicle (V2V) service and a V2I service and a plurality of vehicles.

Description

MEAOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPERATING MULTI-CHANNEL BASED ON WIRELESS ACCESS FOR VEHICULAR ENVIRONMENT}

The present invention relates to a WAVE-based multi-channel operation method and apparatus.

WAVE (Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment) is a vehicle communication network for vehicle communication where interference such as Doppler transition due to high-speed movement occurs. Vehicle-to-vehicle (Vehicle to Vehicle, V2V) and roadsides installed on vehicles and roads It supports vehicle to base station (Vehicle to Infrastructure, V2I).

WAVE uses seven channels, or multi-channels, for V2V and V2I in the 5.85 to 5.925 GHz frequency band (75 MHz bandwidth). One of the seven multi-channels is a control channel (CCH) used for transmitting and receiving control information, and the other six are service channels (SCH) used for traffic safety or general commercial service. At this time, when one physical layer (PHY) is used, there is no choice but to communicate using one channel. Therefore, when one physical layer (PHY) is used, the multi-channel may be operated by dividing the CCH interval using the CCH and the SCH interval using the SCH. In the CCH section, handover is performed between the vehicle and the roadside base station, and various control information is transmitted and received. In the SCH section, service is performed between the roadside base station and the vehicle and between the vehicle and the vehicle.

In a vehicle communication environment, a roadside base station is installed such that a communication radius overlaps with an adjacent roadside base station for continuity of service.

A roadside base station communicates with a neighboring base station at a different communication frequency, so that the service between the roadside base station and the vehicle and the service between the vehicle and the vehicle located at different communication radii can occur at the same physical layer.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-channel operation method and apparatus that enables communication between the vehicle as well as the base station and the vehicle in one physical layer.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of operating a multi-channel using one physical layer in each of a plurality of roadside base stations installed on a road is provided. The multi-channel operating method may include dividing one physical channel section into a control channel section using a control channel and a service channel section using a service channel, and communicating the service channel section with one of a plurality of vehicles located on the road. Dividing a first section for communication with at least one vehicle belonging to a radius and a common section for communication between vehicles, and allocating the same communication frequency to the plurality of roadside base stations and the plurality of vehicles in the common section; It includes.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a multi-channel operating apparatus for communication between a roadside base station installed on a road and at least one vehicle located at a communication radius of the roadside base station is provided. The multi-channel operating apparatus includes a channel allocator and a data transceiver. The channel allocator divides one physical channel section into a control channel section using a control channel and a service channel section using a service channel, and the service channel section divides the first section and the vehicle-to-vehicle communication for communication between the roadside base station and the vehicle. After dividing by a common interval for the common interval, the communication frequency to be used by the roadside base station and the at least one vehicle is allocated equal to the communication frequency to be used by at least one vehicle belonging to the communication radius of the adjacent roadside base station and the adjacent roadside base station. do. When the data transceiver receives a frame to be transmitted from an upper layer, the data transceiver transmits the frame through a communication frequency allocated to the current channel section.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, communication between a vehicle and a vehicle as well as communication between a roadside base station and a vehicle may be enabled in one physical layer (PHY).

1 is a diagram illustrating a communication network to which the present invention is applied.
2 is a diagram illustrating a multi-channel according to an embodiment of the present invention in terms of frequency.
3 is a diagram illustrating a multi-channel operating method in one physical layer.
4 is a diagram illustrating a multi-channel operating apparatus of a roadside communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 and 6 are diagrams illustrating a multi-channel operating method according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
7 is a diagram illustrating a frame transmission method of a roadside communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a diagram illustrating a multi-channel operating apparatus of a vehicle communication apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a view showing a frame transmission method of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification and claims, when a section is referred to as "including " an element, it is understood that it does not exclude other elements, but may include other elements, unless specifically stated otherwise.

Now, a multichannel operating method and apparatus in a vehicle communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a diagram illustrating a communication network to which the present invention is applied.

Referring to FIG. 1, a communication network to which the present invention is applied may include roadside equipment (RSE_odd and RSE_even) of a roadside base station and on-board units OBU1 to OBU5 mounted on a vehicle. And a communication network (Vehicle to Vehicle, V2I) between the roadside communication devices (RSE_odd, RSE_even) and the vehicle communication devices (OBU1 to OBU5) and the vehicle communication devices (OBU1 to OBU5). .

Although FIG. 1 illustrates two roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even, the roadside communication device RSE_odd may include a roadside communication device of an odd number of roadside base stations located on a road, and the roadside communication device RSE_even is a road. It may include a roadside communication device of an even-numbered roadside base station located in.

V2V provides vehicle collision warning service and group communication based on inter-vehicle communication, and V2I can provide traffic information, safety support and download service to vehicles.

The roadside communication device RSE_odd performs V2I communication with all OBUs OBU1 to OBU3 belonging to its communication radius and the communication frequency f1, and the roadside communication device RSE_even all OBUs belonging to its communication radius OBU3. V2I communication is performed at ~ OBU5) and the communication frequency f2.

In FIG. 1, a roadside communication device of a roadside base station located on a road is divided into two groups, but may be divided into more groups. For example, a roadside communication device of a roadside base station located on a road may be divided into three groups in the order in which they are located. In this case, communication frequencies to be used in each of the three groups may be set differently from those of two adjacent groups.

The roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 include one physical layer PHY, and perform V2V and V2I communication by operating multiple channels in one physical layer.

2 is a diagram illustrating a multi-channel according to an embodiment of the present invention in terms of frequency.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 communicate through seven channels in the 5.85 to 5.925 GHz frequency band (bandwidth of 75 MHz). One of the seven channels is a control channel dedicated to traffic safety (CCH), and the other six are service channels (SCH) used for traffic safety or general commercial services. An IP frame and a WAVE Short Message (WSM) frame may be transmitted to the SCH, and a management frame and a WSM frame may be transmitted to the CCH. In addition, the emergency data frame to be transmitted first may be transmitted through the CCH.

Since one physical layer performs communication by using one channel at a time, the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 use CCH and SCH as time domains in one physical layer. Communicate alternately.

3 is a diagram illustrating a multi-channel operating method in one physical layer.

Referring to FIG. 3, in order to operate multiple channels in one physical layer, the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 respectively determine sink periods SI based on reference signals. The sync interval SI includes a CCH interval using CCH and an SCH interval using SCH. In this case, the sync interval SI may further include a guard interval in consideration of the synchronization and operation time required for the frequency change between the CCH interval and the SCH interval. In this case, the reference signal may be a signal generated using a universal time clock (UTC) time signal, that is, a GPS signal.

In the case of the guard period, the frame is not transmitted. In the CCH period and the SCH period, the frame is transmitted through the corresponding channel.

In the CCH section, handover between the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 may be performed, and control messages such as the Wave Short Message Protocol (WSMP) and the roadside communication devices (RSE_odd, RSE_even) and the vehicle Control messages between the communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 are transmitted and received.

In the SCH section, service is performed between the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5.

The roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 repeatedly set the sink section SI until the next reference signal occurs, and stop the previously repeated channel section when the next reference signal occurs. And start a new sync interval.

In this way, the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 may perform communication using multiple channels in one physical layer.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 1, the vehicle communication device OBU2 and the vehicle communication device OBU4 are assigned to use different frequencies. Accordingly, V2I communication is performed between the roadside communication device RSE_odd and the OBU OBU1 to OBU3 and / or the roadside communication device RSE_even and the OBU OBU3 to OBU5 in one physical layer, and simultaneously with the vehicle communication device OBU2. V2V communication between the vehicle communication device OBU4 may be performed. In this case, when the vehicle communication device OBU2 attempts V2V communication in accordance with the communication frequency of the vehicle communication device OBU4, the vehicle communication device OBU4 performs the same frequency while performing the V2I communication with the roadside communication device RSE_even. V2V communication from the vehicle communication device OBU2 is received, thereby causing frequency interference.

In the following description, when the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 have one physical layer, the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 and the vehicle in the SCH section are described below. A method for enabling service between communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.

4 is a diagram illustrating a multi-channel operating apparatus of a roadside communication apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are views illustrating a multi-channel operating method according to the first and second exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even each include a multi-channel operating device 100.

The multi-channel operating apparatus 100 includes a channel allocator 110, a channel synchronizer 120, and a data transceiver 130.

Referring to FIG. 5, the channel allocator 110 sets a sink section SI, and provides a service between the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 in the SCH section of the sink period SI. The allocation is divided into a common section for service between the V2I section and the vehicle communication apparatuses OBU1 to OBU5.

The channel allocator 110 may allocate the guard period in consideration of the synchronization and operation time required for the frequency change between the V2I section and the common section.

That is, one sync period SI includes a CCH interval and an SCH interval, and the SCH interval includes a V2I interval and a common interval. A guard interval may be included before the CCH interval and the SCH interval, and a guard interval may be included between the V2I interval and the common interval.

In the V2I section, communication is performed between the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5. That is, the roadside communication device RSE_odd and the OBU OBU1 to OBU3 perform V2I communication at the communication frequency f1 during the V2I section, and the roadside communication device RSE_even and the OBU OBU3 to OBU5 communicate the communication frequency f2. Perform V2I communication.

In the common section, communication between the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 as well as the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 are performed.

The channel allocator 110 allocates communication frequencies to be used in the V2I section to the vehicle communication apparatuses OBU1 to OBU5. For example, the channel allocating unit 110 allocates a communication frequency f1 to all OBUs OBU1 to OBU3 belonging to the communication radius of the roadside communication device RSE_odd, and all the belongings to the communication radius of the roadside communication device RSE_even. The communication frequency f2 can be assigned to the OBUs OBU3 to OBU5.

In addition, the channel allocator 110 includes a common section such that all roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and all vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 have the same frequency so that frequency interference does not occur in a common section. The common frequencies to be used by the mobile station are allocated to the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5. As the common frequency, a communication frequency f1 may be used, a communication frequency f2 may be used, and another communication frequency may be used. Then, since the communication is performed at the same communication frequency between the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5 and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5, frequency interference may not occur. .

In addition, the channel allocator 110 may control the V2I section and the common section according to the set value. For example, when there is no communication between the vehicle communication apparatuses OBU1 to OBU5, the channel allocator 110 may set the common section to 0 and use the SCH section as the V2I section. In this case, the setting value may be input from an external device, for example, a server controlling the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 6, the channel allocator 110 may allocate the SCH interval by repeating the V2I interval and the common interval several times.

Referring back to FIG. 4, the channel synchronizer 120 synchronizes the vehicle communication apparatuses OBU1 to OBU5 with the sync section SI using the reference signal, and then repeats the sync section SI while changing the channel section. Whenever this occurs, the channel section information is transmitted to the data transceiver 130. That is, the channel synchronization unit 120 transmits the information of the current channel section to the data transmission / reception unit 130 so that communication can be made corresponding to the current channel section.

The data transceiver 130 transmits the frame using the multi-channel corresponding to the current channel section.

That is, the data transceiver 130 may transmit and receive signaling messages for handover through the CCH channel during the CCH period, and transmit and receive control messages to and from the vehicle communication apparatuses OBU1 to OBU5 through the CCH channel. In this case, the control message may include a communication frequency and a common frequency to be used in the V2I section and the common section of the SCH section.

The data transceiver 130 may transmit and receive a frame used for a V2I service, that is, an SCH V2I frame, through a SCH in a V2I section of an SCH interval, and may be used for a SCH V2I frame and a V2V service through a SCH in a common section of the SCH interval. A frame, that is, an SCH V2V frame, may be transmitted and received. The SCH V2I frame and the SCH V2V frame may be IP frames.

7 is a diagram illustrating a frame transmission method of a roadside communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, when a data transmission / reception unit 130 of a roadside communication device (RSE_odd, RSE_even) receives a request for transmission of a frame from a higher layer (S710), it checks the type of the requested frame (S720, S730).

The data transceiver 230 checks the current channel section after checking the type of the requested frame (S740).

When the type of the requested frame is an SCH V2I frame, the data transceiver 130 transmits the corresponding frame through the SCH if the current channel section is the V2I section of the SCH section (S750).

On the other hand, if the type of the requested frame is a SCH V2I frame, the data transceiver 130 waits for transmission of the corresponding frame until the current channel section is not the V2I section of the SCH section (see FIG. S760).

8 is a diagram illustrating a multi-channel operating apparatus of a vehicle communication apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, the vehicle communication apparatuses OBU1 ˜ OBU5 include a multi-channel operating apparatus 200.

The multi-channel operating apparatus 200 includes a channel allocator 210, a channel synchronizer 220, and a data transceiver 230.

As shown in FIG. 5, the channel allocator 210 sets the sync interval SI, and sets the SCH interval of the sync interval SI to the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even and the vehicle communication devices OBU1 to OBU5. It allocates and divides into a common section for the service between the V2I section and the vehicle communication devices (OBU1 ~ OBU5) for the inter-service, and the synchronization and operation time required for the frequency change between the CCH section and the SCH section and between the V2I section and the common section Allocate guard intervals in consideration. In this case, the V2I section and the common section may be controlled according to the roadside communication devices RSE_odd and RSE_even.

In addition, the channel allocator 210 receives a communication frequency and a common frequency to be used in the V2I section and the common section of the SCH section from the roadside communication apparatuses RSE_odd and RSE_even, respectively.

The channel synchronizer 220 synchronizes the sync section with the roadside communication apparatuses RSE_odd and RSE_even using a reference signal, repeats the sync section, and transmits information of the channel section whenever the channel section changes. 230). That is, the channel synchronization unit 220 transmits the information of the current channel section to the data transmission / reception unit 230, so that communication can be made corresponding to the current channel section.

The data transceiver 230 transmits the corresponding frame using the multi-channel corresponding to the current channel section.

That is, the data transceiver 230 may transmit and receive signaling messages for handover through the CCH channel during the CCH period, and may transmit and receive control messages through the CCH channel.

9 is a view showing a frame transmission method of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, when the data transmission / reception unit 230 of the vehicle communication apparatuses OBU1 ˜ OBU5 receives a request for transmission of a frame from a higher layer (S910), the data transmission unit 230 checks the type of the requested frame (S920, S930).

The data transceiver 230 checks the current channel section after checking the type of the requested frame (S940).

When the type of the requested frame is an SCH V2I frame, the data transceiver 230 transmits the corresponding frame through the SCH if the current channel interval is the V2I interval of the SCH interval (S950). If it is not the V2I section, the transmission of the corresponding frame is waited until it becomes the V2I section of the SCH section (S960).

Meanwhile, when the requested frame type is an SCH V2V frame, the data transceiver 230 transmits the corresponding frame through the SCH if the current channel section is a common section of the SCH section (S960 to 980), and the current channel section. If it is not the common section of the SCH section, the transmission of the frame is waited until the V2V section of the SCH section (S990).

An embodiment of the present invention is not implemented only through the above-described apparatus and / or method, but may be implemented through a program for realizing a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded. Such an implementation can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains based on the description of the above-described embodiments.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, It belongs to the scope of right.

Claims (10)

In the method of operating a multi-channel using a single physical layer in each of a plurality of roadside base stations installed on the road,
Dividing one physical channel section into a control channel section using a control channel and a service channel section using a service channel,
Dividing the service channel section into a first section for communication with at least one vehicle belonging to a communication radius of a plurality of vehicles located on the road and a common section for communication between vehicles;
Allocating the same communication frequency to the plurality of roadside base stations and the plurality of vehicles in the common section;
When the frame is requested to be transmitted from a higher layer to the at least one vehicle, checking a type of the frame; and
Transmitting the frame when the type of the frame can be transmitted in the current channel section.
Multi-channel operating method comprising a. The method of claim 1,
Allocating a communication frequency to be used in the first section differently from an adjacent roadside base station
Multi-channel operation method further comprising. delete In claim 1,
Waiting if the type of the frame is not transmittable in the current channel interval
Multi-channel operation method further comprising. In claim 1,
The step of transmitting the frame,
And when the frame is used for a service and is a frame to be transmitted to the at least one vehicle, transmitting the frame when the current channel section becomes the first section. In the multi-channel operating device for communication between the roadside base station installed on the road and at least one vehicle located in the communication radius of the roadside base station,
One physical channel section is divided into a control channel section using a control channel and a service channel section using a service channel, and the service channel section is a first section for communication between a roadside base station and a vehicle and a common section for communication between vehicles. A channel allocation for allocating a communication frequency to be used by the roadside base station and the at least one vehicle in the common section equal to a communication frequency to be used by at least one vehicle belonging to a communication radius of an adjacent roadside base station and the adjacent roadside base station. part,
A channel synchronization unit for synchronizing with the adjacent roadside base station and checking a current channel section; and
Receiving a frame to be transmitted from a higher layer, the data transmission and reception unit for transmitting the frame through a communication frequency assigned to correspond to the current channel interval
Multi-channel operating device comprising a. delete The method of claim 6,
The channel allocation unit,
A multi-channel operating apparatus for allocating a communication frequency to be used by the roadside base station and the at least one vehicle differently from a communication frequency to be used by at least one vehicle belonging to a communication radius of the adjacent roadside base station and the adjacent roadside base station. . The method of claim 6,
The data transmitting / receiving unit, when the frame is used for a service and is a frame to be transmitted to at least one vehicle located in the communication radius of the roadside base station, the multi-channel operating apparatus for transmitting the frame when the current channel period becomes the first period . The method of claim 6,
The channel allocation unit,
The multi-channel operating device to control the first section and the common section in accordance with control from an external device.

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