KR101220452B1 - Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Having Reinforced Stability - Google Patents

Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Having Reinforced Stability Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR101220452B1
KR101220452B1 KR1020090053776A KR20090053776A KR101220452B1 KR 101220452 B1 KR101220452 B1 KR 101220452B1 KR 1020090053776 A KR1020090053776 A KR 1020090053776A KR 20090053776 A KR20090053776 A KR 20090053776A KR 101220452 B1 KR101220452 B1 KR 101220452B1
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
pair
space
dye
solar cell
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020090053776A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Other versions
KR20100135426A (en
Inventor
박헌균
강만구
윤호경
김진식
전용석
Original Assignee
한국전자통신연구원
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 한국전자통신연구원 filed Critical 한국전자통신연구원
Priority to KR1020090053776A priority Critical patent/KR101220452B1/en
Publication of KR20100135426A publication Critical patent/KR20100135426A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR101220452B1 publication Critical patent/KR101220452B1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell with improved durability, the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention comprises a pair of plate-shaped electrodes spaced apart from each other; An encapsulant for sealing the periphery of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes; A space filled with the electrolyte formed by the pair of plate-shaped electrodes and the encapsulant; It further comprises a separate space in which the electrolyte formed by extending from any part of the space filled with the electrolyte is not completely filled. The dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention prevents leakage of electrolyte due to a gap generated by excessive pressure acting on the electrode or encapsulant surrounding the electrolyte as the volume of the electrolyte inside is changed by the temperature change. Significantly improve durability.

Dye-sensitized, solar cell, electrolyte, structure, durability

Description

Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Having Reinforced Stability

The present invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell having improved durability, and more particularly, to a dye-sensitized solar cell structurally improving the durability problem caused by the expansion of an electrolyte solution supported between electrodes.

Dye-sensitized solar cells, unlike conventional silicon solar cells by pn junctions, are photosensitive dye molecules capable of absorbing visible light and generating electron-hole pairs, and transferring the generated electrons. It is a photoelectrochemical solar cell whose main component is a transition metal oxide and an electrolyte for transporting positive / negative electrons.

Representative examples of dye-sensitized solar cells known to date have been published by Gratzel et al. (USP 4927721, USP 5350644). The dye-sensitized solar cell made by Gratzel et al. Is composed of a semiconductor electrode made of nanoparticle titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) coated with dye molecules, a counter electrode coated with platinum or carbon, and an electrolyte solution filled therebetween. This photochemical cell has been attracting attention due to the low manufacturing cost per power compared to the conventional silicon solar cell.

The principle of operation of dye-sensitized solar cells is that dyes excited by sunlight inject electrons into the conduction band of nanoparticle titanium dioxide. The injected electrons pass through the nanoparticle titanium dioxide to reach the conductive substrate and are transferred to the external circuit. The electrons returned after electrical work to the external circuit are injected into titanium dioxide by the electron transfer role of the oxidation / reduction electrolyte through the counter electrode (platinum or carbon electrode) to reduce dyes that lack electrons. The operation is complete.

In general, in a dye-sensitized solar cell, a liquid electrolyte is generally used, and the efficiency of the solar cell can be improved by smooth movement of ions in the liquid. However, when leakage occurs, there is a problem of durability that greatly decreases the efficiency. Although various types of electrolytes in the form of solids or gels have been proposed, such solid electrolytes have yet to have low mobility of ions than liquid electrolytes, which has been a factor in lowering the efficiency of the entire solar cell.

1 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional dye-sensitized solar cell 10. According to FIG. 1, a conventional dye-sensitized solar cell 10 includes a pair of plate-shaped electrodes 11 comprising one or more transparent electrodes. The nano-semiconductor particle oxide layer 12 covered with the dye molecule is fixed to the surface of any one of the plate-shaped electrodes 11. The void space between the plate electrodes, including the void space between the nano-semiconductor particle oxides, is filled by all of the electrolyte 13 in the gel state containing the liquid electrolyte or the liquid component, and an encapsulant for preventing leakage of the electrolyte ( 14) blocked.

In the above configuration, since the material constituting the electrode and the encapsulant, and the liquid filling therein usually have different coefficients of thermal expansion, the dye-sensitized solar cell thus constructed has a high temperature change environment, for example, Placed in large areas of day and night crossovers, such as deserts, repeatedly under intense stress, which can cause electrolyte leakage. Electrolyte leakage causes serious damage to the durability of dye-sensitized solar cells.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention while researching a method that can improve the durability problem of the dye-sensitized solar cell, in the dye-sensitized solar cell, the electrode surrounding the electrolyte due to the volume expansion of the liquid or gel-like electrolyte or The problem of durability can be solved if the structural improvement is made to form an empty space in which the electrolyte is not completely filled by integrally expanding from a part of the space filled with the electrolyte so as to disperse the excessive pressure acting on the encapsulant. This invention was completed.

The technical problem of the present invention is to provide a dye-sensitized solar cell that improves durability through structural improvements.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention

A pair of plate-shaped electrodes spaced apart from each other;

An encapsulant for sealing the periphery of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes; And

A space filled with the electrolyte formed by the pair of plate-shaped electrodes and the encapsulant,

It provides a dye-sensitized solar cell further comprises a separate space in which the electrolyte formed extending from any portion of the space filled with the electrolyte is not completely filled.

In the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention, the space in which the electrolyte is not completely filled is formed by enlarging a portion of the periphery of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes to the outside.

The dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention may further include an electrolyte injection hole for injecting an electrolyte into an empty space formed between the pair of plate-shaped electrodes, and the electrolyte injection hole is provided in any one of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes. Can be.

In the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention, the space in which the electrolyte is not completely filled is formed by extending the width of the electrolyte injection hole in contact with the space in which the electrolyte is filled.

In the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention, the volume (C) of the separate space in which the electrolyte is not completely filled is preferably satisfied by the following equation, and more specifically, the volume (C) is not filled by the electrolyte at room temperature. , Is the volume of empty space where the temperature may rise and the electrolyte may be filled as the electrolyte expands:

Equation 1

C ＞ aTV

Where V is the electrolyte volume at room temperature,

T is the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the last three years of the place where the dye-sensitized solar cell is installed,

a is the average coefficient of thermal expansion of the electrolyte between the corresponding maximum and minimum temperatures.

In the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention, the space where the electrolyte is not completely filled is preferably larger than the average distance between the electrodes.

In the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pair of plate-shaped electrodes are transparent electrodes, and the nano-semiconductor particle oxide layer whose surface is covered with dye molecules is fixed to one of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes. .

The dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention is a problem of the conventional dye-sensitized solar cell by the excessive pressure acting on the electrode or the encapsulant surrounding the electrolyte as the volume of the electrolyte is changed by the temperature change. The resulting gap prevents electrolyte leakage that can cause durability problems, significantly improving durability.

In addition, the dye-sensitized solar cell with improved durability can be more effective when installed in an environment with extreme temperature changes, such as a desert.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a dye-sensitized solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2, the dye-sensitized solar cell 100 according to the present invention includes a pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 spaced apart from each other, and an encapsulant 120 for sealing the circumference of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes; A space 130 in which an electrolyte formed by the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 and the encapsulant 120 is filled; And a space 140 in which the electrolyte formed to extend outward from a portion of the circumference of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 is not completely filled.

The pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 may include one or more transparent electrodes, and the semiconductor semiconductor oxide layer 150 may be formed by forming a nano-semiconductor particle oxide layer 150 on the surface of one of the pair of electrodes. An electrode is used, and a catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the other electrode to form a counter electrode.

The catalyst layer of the counter electrode is disposed to face the nano semiconductor particle oxide layer of the semiconductor electrode.

In the dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention, the space 130 filled with the electrolyte is sealed by the encapsulant 120 around the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 composed of the semiconductor electrode and the counter electrode. It is formed between a pair of electrodes up and down. In addition, the space 140 in which the electrolyte is not filled is formed to extend outward from a portion of the circumference of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110.

 The encapsulant 120 for enclosing the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 is positioned around the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 to closely contact the two electrodes to form a space 130 in which the electrolyte is filled. . At this time, the encapsulant 120 is strongly attached to the surfaces of the two electrodes by applying heat and pressure. Here, the encapsulant 120 may be a general one in this field, for example, a polymer layer may be used, and heat and pressure applied to the encapsulant 120 may also be generally used in this field. It can be applied within the range.

In addition, the space 140 in which the electrolyte is not filled may also be formed by extending a portion of the circumference of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 by using the encapsulant 120.

The space 140 in which the electrolyte is not completely filled is preferably manufactured in a form in which the volume C thereof satisfies the following equation.

Equation 1

C ＞ aTV

Where V is the electrolyte volume at room temperature,

T is the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the last three years of the place where the dye-sensitized solar cell is installed,

a is the average coefficient of thermal expansion of the electrolyte between the corresponding maximum and minimum temperatures.

In addition, the space 140 is more preferably formed so that its width is larger than the average interval between the pair of electrodes (110). This is to prevent the electrolyte from repeating thermal expansion / contraction and entering the plate electrode to reduce the energy conversion efficiency. That is, due to the capillary phenomenon, since the electrolyte is disposed so that the interfacial energy of the electrolyte / electrode, the electrolyte / air drop, and the electrode / air drop is minimum, the air bubble remains in the space 140, even if the expansion / contraction is repeated. Prevents easy entry into the gap between the electrodes.

The dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention includes a space 130 in which the electrolyte formed by the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 110 and the encapsulant 120 is filled, and a space 140 in which the electrolyte is not completely filled. In the space 140 in which the electrolyte is not completely filled, some electrolyte may be filled, but an empty space having a gas phase or air bubbles is necessarily included. Thus, the space 140 is referred to as a space in which the electrolyte is not completely filled.

Here, an iodine-based redox electrolyte or a gel polymer electrolyte dissolved in an organic solvent may be used as the electrolyte solution. Specific examples of the iodine-based redox electrolyte include 3-methion of 1,2-dimethyl-3-octyl-imidazolium iodide (1,2-dimethyl-3-octyl-imidazolium iodide) and I 2 (iodine). ethoxy-propionitrile (3-methoxypropionitrile) was dissolved in I 3 - / I - in which the electrolyte solution can be provided, and the liquid solvent 3-methoxy-propionitrile instead of polyvinylidene fluoride (poly (vinylidene fluoride for ): PVDF) polymer or copolymer thereof is dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) or 3-methoxypropionitrile (MP) solvent Gel polymer electrolytes may also be used, but are not limited thereto.

The electrolyte is filled through the electrolyte injection hole 160 formed with a fine hole in any one of the pair of electrodes 110 to block the electrolyte injection hole to complete the dye-sensitized solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. .

Meanwhile, the electrolyte injection hole 160 may be formed on any one of the pair of electrodes 110 as shown, but it is not necessary to form the electrolyte injection hole in the electrode. For example, the electrolyte may be injected through the gap and sealed with an encapsulant when sealing the pair of electrodes.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the dye-sensitized solar cell 200 according to the present invention includes a pair of plate-shaped electrodes 210 spaced at predetermined intervals; An encapsulant (220) for sealing the periphery of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes; A space 230 in which an electrolyte formed by the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 210 and the encapsulant 220 is filled; And an electrolyte injection hole 240 for filling the electrolyte, and a space 250 in which the electrolyte formed by expanding the width of the electrolyte injection hole 240 contacting the space 230 in which the electrolyte is filled is not completely filled.

The pair of plate-shaped electrodes 210 may include one or more transparent electrodes, and the nano-electrode particle oxide layer 260 is formed on the surface of one of the pair of electrodes and is covered with a dye molecule to form a semiconductor electrode. A catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the other electrode to form a counter electrode.

The catalyst layer of the counter electrode is disposed to face the nano semiconductor particle oxide layer of the semiconductor electrode.

The dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention has an encapsulant 220 for sealing the circumference of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 210 composed of a semiconductor electrode and a counter electrode, and the encapsulant 220 for enclosing the circumference is It is positioned around the pair of plate-shaped electrodes 210 and the two electrodes are brought into close contact to form a space 230 in which the electrolyte is filled. At this time, the encapsulant 220 is strongly attached to the surfaces of the two electrodes by applying heat and pressure. Here, the encapsulant 220 may be a general one in this field, for example, a polymer layer may be used, the heat and pressure applied to the encapsulant 220 is also within the range generally used in this field. Can be applied from

It has an electrolyte injection hole 240 that can inject the electrolyte into the empty space formed between the pair of plate-shaped electrode 210. The electrolyte injection hole 240 may be formed on the electrode, but is not limited thereto. When the electrolyte injection hole 240 is formed on the electrode, it may be formed in advance on the electrode before sealing the circumference of the pair of electrodes by the encapsulant 220. In this case, the width of the electrolyte injection hole 240 in the portion in contact with the space filled with the electrolyte is widened to form a space 250 in which the electrolyte is not completely filled, for example, by cutting the electrode substrate.

It is preferable that the volume C of the space 250 in which the electrolyte is not completely filled also satisfies the following equation.

Equation 1

C ＞ aTV

Where V is the electrolyte volume at room temperature,

T is the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the last three years of the place where the dye-sensitized solar cell is installed,

a is the average coefficient of thermal expansion of the electrolyte between the corresponding maximum and minimum temperatures.

As the electrolyte solution filled through the electrolyte injection hole 240, an iodine-based redox electrolyte or a gel polymer electrolyte dissolved in an organic solvent may be used as described above. Finally, the electrolyte injection hole 240 is blocked to complete the dye-sensitized solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a dye-sensitized solar cell according to the prior art.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (8)

A pair of plate-shaped electrodes spaced apart from each other; An encapsulant for sealing the periphery of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes; A space filled with an electrolyte formed by a pair of plate-shaped electrodes and an encapsulant; And A space in which the electrolyte formed by extending from any part of the space in which the electrolyte is filled is not completely filled / RTI > The space in which the electrolyte is not completely filled is formed by expanding and sealing outward from any part of the periphery of the pair of electrodes. delete A pair of plate-shaped electrodes spaced apart from each other; An encapsulant for sealing the periphery of the pair of plate-shaped electrodes; A space filled with an electrolyte formed by a pair of plate-shaped electrodes and an encapsulant; A space in which the electrolyte formed by extending from any part of the space in which the electrolyte is filled is not completely filled; And Electrolyte inlet for injecting electrolyte into the space filled with the electrolyte formed between the pair of plate-shaped electrodes Including, The space where the electrolyte is not completely filled is a dye-sensitized solar cell formed by extending the width of the electrolyte injection hole in contact with the space filled with the electrolyte. The method of claim 3, The electrolyte injection port is a dye-sensitized solar cell provided in any one of a pair of plate-shaped electrodes. delete The method according to claim 1 or 3, The volume (C) of the space in which the electrolyte is not completely filled is a dye-sensitized solar cell that satisfies the following equation: Equation 1 C ＞ aTV Where V is the electrolyte volume at room temperature, T is the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the last three years of the place where the dye-sensitized solar cell is installed, a is the average coefficient of thermal expansion of the electrolyte between the corresponding maximum and minimum temperatures. The method of claim 1, The dye-sensitized solar cell of which the average width of the space in which the electrolyte is not completely filled is larger than the average distance between the electrodes. The method according to claim 1 or 3, The pair of plate-shaped electrodes is a transparent electrode, the dye-sensitized solar cell is fixed to any one of the pair of plate-shaped electrode nano-semiconductor particle oxide is covered with a dye molecule.
KR1020090053776A 2009-06-17 2009-06-17 Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Having Reinforced Stability KR101220452B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020090053776A KR101220452B1 (en) 2009-06-17 2009-06-17 Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Having Reinforced Stability

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020090053776A KR101220452B1 (en) 2009-06-17 2009-06-17 Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Having Reinforced Stability

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR20100135426A KR20100135426A (en) 2010-12-27
KR101220452B1 true KR101220452B1 (en) 2013-01-18

Family

ID=43509866

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1020090053776A KR101220452B1 (en) 2009-06-17 2009-06-17 Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Having Reinforced Stability

Country Status (1)

Country Link
KR (1) KR101220452B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20230133572A (en) 2022-03-11 2023-09-19 한국전력공사 All-in-one Photovoltaic Battery Apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101354957B1 (en) * 2011-08-01 2014-02-06 주식회사 동진쎄미켐 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell and Manufacturing Method Thereof
KR102254826B1 (en) * 2016-07-06 2021-05-24 한국전자기술연구원 Test device and method for dye-sensitized solar cell

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050115406A (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-07 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof
KR20070050566A (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-16 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Solar cell and manufacturing method of the same
JP2008226552A (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-25 Electric Power Dev Co Ltd Dye-sensitized solar cell and manufacturing method therefor
KR20090039454A (en) * 2007-10-18 2009-04-22 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Dye-sensitized solar cell and preparing method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050115406A (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-07 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof
KR20070050566A (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-16 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Solar cell and manufacturing method of the same
JP2008226552A (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-25 Electric Power Dev Co Ltd Dye-sensitized solar cell and manufacturing method therefor
KR20090039454A (en) * 2007-10-18 2009-04-22 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Dye-sensitized solar cell and preparing method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20230133572A (en) 2022-03-11 2023-09-19 한국전력공사 All-in-one Photovoltaic Battery Apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20100135426A (en) 2010-12-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Meng et al. Fabrication of an efficient solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell
Lan et al. Quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cells based on gel polymer electrolyte with poly (acrylonitrile-co-styrene)/NaI+ I2
Huo et al. Nanocomposite gel electrolyte with large enhanced charge transport properties of an I3−/I− redox couple for quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells
KR100927660B1 (en) Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Manufacturing Method Thereof
KR100994902B1 (en) Flexible dye-sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof
KR100911381B1 (en) Method Of Forming Porous Layer, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Using The Same And Method Of Fabricating The Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
KR20110107188A (en) Dye-sensitized solar cell
Zhao et al. Increased charge transfer of PVDF-HFP based electrolyte by addition of graphite nanofiber and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells
Chen et al. New fabrication process of long-life dye-sensitized solar cells by in situ gelation of quasi-solid polymer electrolytes
KR20080067586A (en) Dye sensitized solar cell with separation membrane and method thereof
KR101220452B1 (en) Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Having Reinforced Stability
JP2006236637A (en) Photoelectric conversion device and photovoltaic power generator using the same
Huo et al. Effect of alkyl chain length of imidazolium cations on the electron transport and recombination kinetics in ionic gel electrolytes based quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells
Cheng et al. Dye-sensitized solar cells based on hydroquinone/benzoquinone as bio-inspired redox couple with different counter electrodes
KR20090052696A (en) Dye-sensitized solar cells having substrate including p-n junction diode
Martins et al. Ultralow Temperature Glass Frit Encapsulation for Stable Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Han et al. A high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cell with a UV-cured polymer gel electrolyte and a nano-gel electrolyte double layer
WO2010042170A2 (en) Interconnection of adjacent devices
Vijayakumar et al. New liquid crystal-embedded PVdF-co-HFP-based polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cell applications
KR101044338B1 (en) Dye sensitized solar cell comprising negative electrode including nano oxide layer adsorbed with dye and polyatomic anion and preparation method thereof
KR20150089689A (en) Electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell and dye-sensitized solar cell including the same
US20130112249A1 (en) Dye sensitized solar cell and sealing method thereof
Wang et al. Effect of the self-assembled gel network formed from a low molecular mass organogelator on the electron kinetics in quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells
KR101272781B1 (en) Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell And Method Of Fabricating The Same
KR20120074473A (en) Photovoltaic transducer apparatus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A201 Request for examination
E902 Notification of reason for refusal
E701 Decision to grant or registration of patent right
GRNT Written decision to grant
LAPS Lapse due to unpaid annual fee