KR101215273B1 - Microorganism mixture improving soil and enhancing crop growth - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention improves the soil of the plant crop medium consisting of three microorganisms, improving the soil and improving the growth of crops, and the plant crop medium comprising the step of treating the three types of microbial mixture in the plant crop medium A method for promoting the growth of plant crops.

Description

Microorganism mixture improving soil and enhancing crop growth

The present invention relates to a microbial mixed agent for improving the soil and to enhance the growth of crops, and more specifically, consisting of three microorganisms, a microbial mixed agent for improving the soil and to promote the growth of crops and mixing the three microorganisms A method of improving the soil of a plant crop medium and enhancing the growth of the plant crop, comprising the step of treating the formulation in the plant crop medium.

In today's agriculture, crop production and quality deteriorate due to over-use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, salt degradation, and farm income. In order to improve value-added and improve these phenomena, eco-friendly organic farming uses a variety of eco-friendly organic farming materials such as wood vinegar, plant fermentation broth, and herbal nutrients. Have

Therefore, many researchers reported changes in soil ecosystems caused by microorganisms to sustain agricultural productivity and realize environmentally friendly eco-friendly organic farming (Federico et al. (2007) Crop Protect. 26, 549-555). . Excessive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and plant crops cause acidification and salt deposition of the soil, resulting in various plant diseases caused by excessive growth of soil pathogens such as Fusarium sp. (Federico et al. (2007) Crop Protect. 26, 549-555).

In the soil, there may be billions of bacteria per gram of topsoil soil, such as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, algae, protozoa, hundreds of m in length of mycelia of filamentous fungi, and the biomass of microorganisms reaches several percent of soil organic matter. Bacteria are divided into organic nutrients (dependent nutrients) and inorganic nutrients (independent nutrients). They are not only involved in the decomposition of organic matters such as plant fluids, but also nitrogen fixation and denitrification, nitrate formation, sulfur, iron, and manganese. It is an important person in charge of the material circulation of the soil involved in the oxidation of inorganic elements. In addition, actinomycetes grow with various organic substances as substrates, and filamentous fungi are generally acid resistant compared to bacteria and play an important role in decomposing organic matters, especially in acidic soils.

These rizobacteria are also involved in the change of nitrogen morphology, affecting the fertility and fertilizer effects of soil, and decomposing organic matter to produce ammonia, change to nitric acid, denitrification of nitric acid, and fix nitrogen. It has a variety of functions, including the production of substances to protect plants (Glick et al. (1995) Can. J. Microbiol. 41, 533-536). Plant growth promoting rhizobactria is a microorganism that lives in the roots of plants and promotes plant growth and removes pollutants from soil surfaces recently (Cunningham et al. (1993) In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. 29, 207-220), control of plant diseases (Kim et al. (2006) Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 34, 185-195), and plant growth promotion (Li et al. (2006) Biol. Control 39, 58 -65) There are active researches on the use of rhizosphere microorganisms in various fields. However, there have been no studies on the effects on the chemical properties of the soil, microbial changes, and crop growth by mixing several microorganisms and using them as a microbial mixture.

The present invention has been made in accordance with the above requirements, the present invention causes Bacillus sp. CNB-1 and fungal disease having antifungal activity isolated from the soil and causes Fusarium Solani ( Fusarium) solani ) Trichoderma sp. CNT-1 and Streptomyces sp.) Three kinds of microorganisms, including CNS-1, were used as mixed preparations in the vegetable vegetable medium, and the effects of this microbial mixture on the soil chemical characteristics, microbial changes and growth of the plant vegetable were investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the applicability of the formulation as an eco-friendly organic material.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a microbial mixed agent consisting of three kinds of microorganisms, improve the soil and promote the growth of crops.

In addition, the present invention provides a method for improving the soil of the plant crop medium and improving the growth of the plant crop comprising the step of treating the three kinds of microbial mixture preparation in the plant crop medium.

The microbial blending agent of the present invention will be usefully used to improve soil and improve crop growth.

Figure 1 shows the treatment effect of the microbial mixture formulation on lettuce growth.
Figure 2 shows the treatment effect of the microbial mixture formulation on the initial growth and yield of cucumbers.
Figure 3 shows the treatment effect of the microbial mixture formulation on the yield of cucumbers.
Figure 4 shows the effect of inhibiting the growth of ginseng root disease causes fungi of microbial mixed preparations.
Figure 5 shows the antagonism of the ginseng root disease causing fungi of the microbial mixed preparations.
Figure 6 shows the effect on the growth of ginseng microbial mixed preparations.

According to an aspect of the invention, the invention is Bacillus species (Bacillus sp.), Trichoderma species (Trichoderma sp.) and Streptomyces species (Streptomyces It provides a microbial blend formulation consisting of two or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of sp.) to improve the soil and promote the growth of crops.

Mixed microorganism preparation of the present invention is made of at least two microorganisms selected from the group consisting of the 3 types of microorganisms, and most preferably from Bacillus species (Bacillus sp.), Trichoderma species (Trichoderma sp.) and Streptomyces sp. The Bacillus sp. Is preferably Bacillus sp. CNB-1 (KACC 91559P) isolated from soil by the researchers. The Trichoderma species (Trichoderma sp.) are preferably from species of Trichoderma (Trichoderma isolated from soil by the present researchers sp.) CNT-1 (KACC 93107P). Streptomyces species sp.) is preferably Streptomyces species isolated from the soil by the researchers. sp.) CNS-1 (KACC 91567P). Thus, the mixed microorganism preparation of the present invention is most preferably a species of Bacillus (Bacillus sp.) CNB-1 (KACC 91559P), Trichoderma species (Trichoderma sp.) CNT-1 (KACC 93107P) and Streptomyces sp.) CNS-1 (KACC 91567P).

The microbial mixed agent of the present invention promotes the growth of crops, which may be preferably vegetable or ginseng, and the vegetable may be lettuce or cucumber, but is not limited thereto.

The microbial mixed agent of the present invention serves to improve the soil, the improvement of the soil is the improvement of the soil chemical properties and soil microbial phase, the improvement of the chemical properties of the soil indicates an increase in soil pH or soil fertility an organic phosphate or an increase in SiO ₂ content, the improvement of the soil is known misaengmulsang Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas appears to facilitate the growth of the crop sp.) may be an increase in the density, an increase in the ratio of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Fusarium (Fusarium) reduction in microbial density, bacteria / fungi (B / F), and actinomycetes / mold (A / F).

The invention also Bacillus species (Bacillus sp.), Trichoderma species (Trichoderma sp.) and Streptomyces species (Streptomyces A method of improving the soil of a plant crop medium and enhancing the growth of the plant crop, comprising treating the plant crop medium with at least two microbial blends selected from the group consisting of sp.

In the method of the present invention, the improvement of the microbial mixture, crop, soil is as described above.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. However, the following examples are illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example

Materials and methods

microbe Formulation  And organic fertilizers

The strains used in the present invention isolated from soil by the present researchers Bacillus species (Bacillus sp.) CNB-1 , fungus Trichoderma species (Trichoderma sp.) CNT-1 and Actinomycetes Streptomyces sp.) It is a mixed microorganism of CNS-1. Bacillus species (Bacillus sp.) CNB-1 was deposited on May 18, 2010 Date of the Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute (KACC), fungus Trichoderma species (Trichoderma sp.) CNT-1 and Actinomycetes Streptomyces sp.) CNS-1 was deposited on June 7, 2010. the Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute (KACC), accession number, each species of Bacillus (Bacillus sp.) CNB-1 (KACC 91559P), Trichoderma species (Trichoderma sp.) CNT-1 (KACC 93107P) and Streptomyces sp.) CNS-1 (KACC 91567P). Selection formulated culture medium was used to establish optimal conditions. The cultured microorganisms were mixed with a bulking agent and a binder produced in real farming (farming association), and then mixed so that the final concentration of the microorganism after the culture was 1.5 × 10 ⁹ CFU / mg. Organic fertilizers and pig manure fertilizers used in the present invention were provided from the co., Ltd., the composition analysis results thereof are shown in Table 1.

microbe Formulation  Effect of Treatment on the Chemical Properties of Soil

Using microbial mixture, organic fertilizer, pig manure fertilizer and organic fertilizer and pig manure fertilizer three days before the in-house lettuce and cucumber preparations, prepare topsoil within 10 cm on 30 and 50 days as analytical sample. Distilled water ratio was measured by 1: 5, organic content was analyzed by Tyurin method, total nitrogen was analyzed by Kjeldahl distillation method, cationic substitution capacity was measured using 1 N-NH ₄ OAc solution (pH 7.0), The cation was quantified by ICP that was leached into 1 N-NH ₄ OAc solution (pH 7.0). The effective phosphoric acid of soil is Bray No. After extraction by the 1 method was measured by colorimetric method using vanadomolybdate (Han, KH (1988) Analytical method of soil chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Sammi Printing Co., Seoul, Korea).

microbe Formulation  Effect of Treatment on Soil Microbiology

The total microbial counts of microorganisms in the topsoil within 10 cm of 50 days after the use of microbial blends, organic fertilizers, organic fertilizers, organic fertilizers and organic manure fertilizers were determined by the method of Riddle et al. Minnesota. USA. 1995) in CFU / mg. Bacterial counts were measured by harvesting time, and each medium was selected by dilution flat method according to the Han, KH (1988) Analytical method of soil chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Sammi Printing Co., Seoul, Korea. Measured using. Bacteria used tryptical soy agar (TSA), actinomycetes used AIA (actinomycetes isolation agar), and fungi used PDA (potato dextrose agar). Fusarium sp. Was counted using the morphological characteristics of colonies that appeared on Komada's medium. Photosynthetic Pseudomonas sp. Bacteria fluoresced under UV light (254-365 nm) to colonies that appeared in P1 medium were expressed as CFU / mg.

microbe Formulation  Effect of Treatment on the Growth of Cucumbers and Lettuce

Lettuce was seeded by putting red lettuce (heung-nong seedling) into 200 trays of plastic trays and putting crispy lettuce (heung-nong bio). After 3 days of germination, they were taken out of the house and seeded for 15 days. The pavement was sprayed after spraying the soil insecticides Spock (Pila Chemical) and Conido (Bayer) granules on the entire topsoil before tilling. The mockup of the experimental pavement was 90 cm wide, 15 cm high and 40 cm high. The sphere area was 6.6 ㎡, and 30 weeks per test zone were set at 25 cm per side and 25 cm at the front and rear.

Cucumbers are cultivated in green plastic (30 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm) berry seedlings, and after 10 days, put the seedlings germinated into a seedling pot in a seedling pot. Transplanted. The pavement was tilled and stopped after spraying the soil insecticides Spuck (Pila Chemical) and Conido (Bayer) granules and granular lime 2 ton / ha on the top surface before tilling. The test mockup was 90 cm wide, 8 m long and 15 cm high. The test area was 7.2 m 2, and 32 weeks per row were formed in two rows of 50 cm per week and 60 cm wide for 14 days. The tomb was set up.

The test zone was set up with four treatment zones: microbial mixed agent treatment, organic fertilizer treatment, pig manure fertilizer treatment, and organic fertilizer + pig manure fertilizer treatment. Three days before each meal, the microbial mixture was 1500 kg / ha, organic fertilizer was 4500 kg / ha, and pig manure fertilizer was 6000 kg / ha. Organic fertilizers + pig manure fertilizers were treated with 2250 kg / ha + 3000 kg / ha, respectively, and cultivated after tilling and rotary work. The test plot was repeated three times by the ingot method, and the other cultivation management was in accordance with the practice.

Leaf growth, leaf length, leaf width, and live weight were examined at 20, 27 and 34 days after planting. Cucumber growth was examined at 10 and 20 days after planting, and on the 20th day after planting, the crops were over 30 cm and 25 cm in diameter. , Number of nodes, quantity were investigated.

Example  1: Microorganism Formulation  Effect of Treatment on the Chemical Properties of Soil

Table 2 shows the pH, organic matter content, cation substitution capacity, substitution base, and EC of the soils investigated before and after the treatment of the microbial mixed agent, organic fertilizer, pig manure fertilizer and organic manure + pig manure fertilizer.

The soil pH before the test was 5.4, the cation substitution capacity (CEC) was 14.1 cm / kg, and the Ca, K, and Mg contents of the substitutional bases were 0.92, 5.8, 1.9 cmol / kg, respectively, and the Na content was 0.34 cmol / kg. kg. In addition, the effective phosphoric acid content was 27 mg / kg and tended to be relatively high, and the salt concentration EC content was high. The cumulative changes in soil chemistry after treatment of microbial blends, organic fertilizers, pig manure fertilizers and organic fertilizers and pig manure fertilizers were investigated 60 days after the start of plant vegetable cultivation.

The change of pH was pH 6.3 in the microbial mixed formulation treatment, which showed a greater improvement compared to 5.4, 5.3 and 6.0 of organic fertilizer, pig manure fertilizer, organic fertilizer and pig manure fertilizer, respectively. The change in EC was decreased 51% to 2.0 in the microbial mixture preparation, which was greater than 2.5, 3.8, and 2.0 for organic fertilizer, pig manure fertilizer, organic fertilizer and pig manure fertilizer, respectively. Appeared.

In addition, effective phosphoric acid and SiO ₂ representing soil fertility tended to accumulate about 50% and 10%, respectively, at 34 mg / kg after 50 days compared to before treatment with microbial mixed formulations. Rather, it tended to decrease, and SiO ₂ did not show a big change. This is thought to be due to the form of useful microorganisms that act on the decomposition of organic matter in the soil.

Changes in cation substitution capacity by treatment group showed a 10% increase from 14.1 to 16.0 in the treatment of microbial mixed formulations, while there was no significant difference in the other treatments. In addition, the Mg change was increased by 50% to 2.8 cmol / kg, respectively, while the changes in K, Ca, and Na decreased by 29%, 14%, and 21% to 0.65, 5.0, and 0.27 cmol / kg, respectively.

The results showed significant results in improving the fertility of the soil for the growth of crops when the microbial mixture was treated. This is a result of the codex standard that the maintenance and enhancement of fertility of soil for growing crops by organic farming should be used to enhance intellect using microbial fermentation compost (Riddle et al. Organic Inspection Manual.Independent Organic Inspectors Association, Minnesota USA 1995).

Example  2: microorganism Formulation  Effect of treatment on microbial soil

Table 3 shows the results of examining the soil microbial phase before and after the treatment of the microbial mixture.

Fluorescent Pseudomonas sp., Which is resistant to pathogens and known to promote crop growth. Microorganisms increased by 347% from 19 x 10 ³ to 66 x 10 ³ in the microbial mixture preparation, but increased only 15%, 0% and 52% in organic fertilizer, pig manure fertilizer and organic fertilizer + pig manure fertilizer treatment, respectively. The increase was very low compared to the microbial mixture treatment, E. coli And Fusarium The genus showed low reductions of 66.3% and 50%, respectively, at 27 × 10 ² and 3 × 10 ² in the microbial formulation. This is because the fluorescent Pseudomonas in soils with excellent crop growth sp. Based on the report of Kwon et al. (1998) J. Soil and Fertilizer 31, 204-210) that the density of microorganisms is high and the density of filamentous fungi such as Fusarium sp. Judging. In addition, the ratio of bacteria / fungus (B / F) and actinomycetes / fungus (A / F) was increased 2.5 times from 272.2 and 38.3 to 623.3 and 64, respectively, indicating a significant improvement. This result suggests that increasing the salt concentration in soil results in a decrease in the activity of useful bacteria and makes the environment unsuitable for crop production by increasing the activity of filamentous fungi (Ha et al. (1979) Horicul. Environ. Biotechnol. 20, 36 -46), and Kwon et al. (1998) J. Soil and Fertilizer 31, 204, which showed increased activity of bacteria and actinomycetes and lower filamentous fungi in the neutral pH range. -210) showed consistent with the report. In particular, fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. is sensitive to the effect of promoting crop growth and salt density, and the bacterial density decreases rapidly. Therefore, it is possible to use it as an indicator microorganism suitable for tracking short-term fluctuations in intensive agriculture such as facility cultivation. Aslantas et al. (2007) Sci. Horticamsterdam 111, 371-377.

Example  3: microorganism Formulation  Effect of Treatment on the Growth of Lettuce and Cucumber

The results of investigating the effects of the microbial mixed preparation and the organic fertilizer, pig manure fertilizer and organic manure + pig manure fertilizer application on the growth and yield of lettuce is shown in FIG. The results of the first harvest on the 20th day showed that the microbial mixed agent treatment showed the best growth compared to other treatments, including leaf width, leaf length, number of leaves and live weight. The results of predicting the merchandise by investigating the leaf length and leaf width which influenced the yield of lettuce also showed the best result in the treatment group of the microbial mixture preparation. The same result was obtained when the cultivation area was different. From the above results, the results of the effect of the use of the microbial mixture on the growth and yield of lettuce showed that the treatment of the microbial mixture was better than the other treatments, and the organic fertilizer treatment was the lowest in the crop growth. The result was shown.

As a result of examining the growth state of the cucumber by the growth time of the use of the microbial mixture preparation is as shown in FIG. The plant height did not show a significant difference between treatments until the 10th day, but the microbial mixture and pig manure fertilizer treatment showed a slightly better growth condition, and organic fertilizer + pig manure fertilizer treatment showed slight growth. As a result of the investigation on the state of growth on the 20th day, it was found that there was a difference between the test groups. According to the length and number of nodes, the later growth of organic fertilizer + pig manure fertilizer showed good labor and number of nodes, and other treatments showed similar growth conditions and non-treated groups showed fertilizer shortage. Showed. As a result of examining the thickness of the rhizome for the growth condition, the microbial mixed preparation and organic fertilizer + pig manure fertilizer treatment were very good, and organic fertilizer and pig manure fertilizer treatment showed a general growth state.

The result of investigating the effect of the harvesting node and the initial yield on the yield of cucumbers by the growth period for the microbial mixed formulation treatment is the same as in FIG. Yield survey was first harvested 30 days after planting, and then surveyed five times at five-day intervals.

The results indicate that the addition of mixed microorganisms directly promotes the growth of cultivated crops as well as improving the chemical properties of the soil.

Example  4: ginseng of microbial mixture Root disease Cause fungus  Growth inhibitory effect

Isolated bacterium Bacillus sp. After incubating CNB-1 in LB and other media for 3-4 days, the suspension was absorbed on a paper disc (diameter 8 mm) and placed on an agar plate inoculated with Fusarium solani. The size of was investigated. Fusarium as a fungal pathogen Oxysporum was used and antimicrobial activity was determined by the size of low support around the paper disc. In other words. + + +:> 1.5 cm (radius), + +: 1.0-1.5 cm, +: 0.5-1.0 cm,-: <0.5 cm and divided into four levels.

The results showed the result of + +, as can be seen in FIG. 4.

Example  5: ginseng of microbial mixture Root disease  Antagonism against causative fungi

Ginseng slices were used to investigate the antagonism of the causative fungus of ginseng root disease. Decaying roots Fusarium To investigate the antagonistic effects of solani and the like, microorganisms contained in microbial preparations as pathogens and antagonists were inoculated alone or in combination. After 3 days, the degree of rot of ginseng root slices was measured, and the whole inoculated ginseng root slices were placed in sterile water and the density of pathogens was measured by pour plate method. As a result, as shown in Figure 5 Bacillus sp. Fusarium when mixed with microorganisms applied to microbial mixtures other than CNB-1 It was confirmed that the antagonism of solani increased.

Example  6: Effect of the Use of Microbial Blend on Ginseng Growth

In order to investigate the effect on ginseng growth, a test ginseng farm was used. The effect of ginseng on the growth of ginseng after treatment of ginseng two-year-old seedlings with ginseng seedlings, mixed mixed microorganisms and sand 2L As a result, as shown in Figure 6, in the case of live weight was increased by 28% from 12g to 15.4g after 3 months of microbial treatment and the root length also increased by 12% from 16cm to 18cm.

Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute KACC91559 20100518 Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute KACC93107 20100607 Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute KACC91567 20100607

Claims (6)

Soil consisting of Bacillus sp. CNB-1 (KACC 91559P), Trichoderma sp. CNT-1 (KACC 93107P) and Streptomyces sp. CNS-1 (KACC 91567P) A microbial blend that improves and promotes the growth of cucumber, lettuce or ginseng crops. delete delete The method of claim 1, wherein the improvement of the soil is a microbial mixed agent, characterized in that the improvement of the chemical properties of the soil or soil microorganisms. According to claim 4, wherein the improvement of the chemical properties of the soil is an increase in the pH of the soil or an increase in the organic phosphoric acid or SiO ₂ content, the improvement of the soil microbial phase is an increase in the density of Pseudomonas sp., E. coli ) And Fusarium ( Fusarium ) of the microbial density, or the increase in the ratio of bacteria / mold (B / F) and actinomycetes / mold (A / F). Microbial blend consisting of Bacillus sp. CNB-1 (KACC 91559P), Trichoderma sp. CNT-1 (KACC 93107P) and Streptomyces sp. CNS-1 (KACC 91567P) A method of improving the soil of a cucumber, lettuce or ginseng crop field and enhancing the growth of cucumber, lettuce or ginseng crops, comprising the step of treating the preparation in a cucumber, lettuce or ginseng crop plantation.

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