KR101209820B1 - A thin film solar cell and fabrication method thereof - Google Patents
A thin film solar cell and fabrication method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- KR101209820B1 KR101209820B1 KR1020110034790A KR20110034790A KR101209820B1 KR 101209820 B1 KR101209820 B1 KR 101209820B1 KR 1020110034790 A KR1020110034790 A KR 1020110034790A KR 20110034790 A KR20110034790 A KR 20110034790A KR 101209820 B1 KR101209820 B1 KR 101209820B1
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- electrode layer
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- thin film
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- film solar
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
- H01L31/046—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate
- H01L31/0463—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate characterised by special patterning methods to connect the PV cells in a module, e.g. laser cutting of the conductive or active layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
According to the present invention, a metal electrode layer is formed on one surface of the thin film solar cell transparent electrode layer to provide a path through which current can move, resulting in low sheet resistance, and by adjusting the length of the thin film solar cell, the light receiving area of the transparent electrode layer is thin. The ratio of the total area of the solar cell can be increased, and a metal electrode layer is formed on one surface of the transparent electrode layer to provide a path for current flow, thereby reducing the thickness of the transparent electrode layer, thereby increasing the transmittance of solar light, and one surface of the transparent electrode layer. The present invention provides a thin film solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same, by forming a metal electrode layer having a low resistance, thereby providing a current moving path, thereby reducing power loss caused by current.
The thin film solar cell of the present invention is a substrate; A back electrode layer formed on the substrate and spaced apart by a first separator; A photoelectric conversion layer formed on the rear electrode layer and spaced apart by a third separator, the photoelectric conversion layer including a second separator; And a transparent electrode layer formed on the photoelectric conversion layer spaced apart by a third separator and contacting the back electrode layer through the second separator. And a band-shaped metal electrode layer formed on one surface of the transparent electrode layer and perpendicular to the forming direction of the third separator.
Description
The present invention relates to a thin film solar cell, by forming a metal electrode layer on one surface of the thin film solar cell transparent electrode layer and increasing the width of the thin film solar cell increases the ratio of the light receiving area of the transparent electrode layer to the total area of the thin film solar cell. The present invention relates to a thin film solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same, which can reduce power loss due to a current flowing through a transparent electrode layer.
Since the transparent electrode layer of the thin film solar cell must transmit sunlight, glass is generally used. However, since the sheet resistance of the transparent electrode layer is more than 10,000 times larger than that of a general metal, the power loss caused by the current flowing through the transparent electrode layer reduces the light conversion efficiency of the thin film solar cell. As a solution to this problem, a unit cell series connection method has been developed by micro-patterning, which is a method of forming a long, thin unit cell by connecting a large area solar cell and connecting them in series. This method reduces the power reduction caused by the resistance of the transparent electrode layer by reducing the current flowing through the transparent electrode by reducing the area of the unit cell. The unit cell series connection method using fine patterning is mainly applied to thin film solar cells based on glass substrates. Research into applying this method to solar cells with flexible substrates is underway, but it is not yet applied to actual products. Another method is to compensate for the low electrical conductivity of the transparent electrode layer using a metal grid, similar to that used in silicon solar cells. This method is based on glass substrate-based thin film solar cells using large area substrates and large area deposition methods. It is difficult to use in batteries and is mainly used for flexible thin film solar cells that make small area unit cells.
In a solar cell using a unit cell series connection method by fine patterning, a dead area inevitably cannot be generated due to the patterning width and the interval between the patterning. At this time, if the width of the unit cell is increased to increase the ratio of the light-receiving area to the total area except the dead area, the power loss caused by the transparent electrode layer is increased, and thus the overall efficiency does not increase.
The present invention forms a band-shaped metal electrode layer on one surface of the transparent electrode layer in the thin film solar cell adopting a unit cell series connection method by fine patterning, and provides a path through which current can move, resulting in sheet resistance of the transparent electrode layer. Provided is a thin film solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same.
In addition, the present invention provides a thin film solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same, by adjusting the width of the thin film solar cell to increase the ratio of the light receiving area of the thin film solar cell to the total area of the thin film solar cell.
In addition, the present invention forms a band-shaped metal electrode layer on one surface of the transparent electrode layer to provide a path for current flow, so that the thin film solar cell that can increase the transmittance of sunlight by reducing the thickness of the transparent electrode layer required for smooth current flow; It provides a manufacturing method.
In addition, the present invention provides a thin film solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same, which can reduce the power loss due to the current passing through the transparent electrode layer by providing a path of current by forming a metal electrode layer with a low resistance on the upper surface of the transparent electrode layer. .
The thin film solar cell of the present invention is a substrate; A back electrode layer formed on the substrate and spaced apart from each other by a first separator; A photoelectric conversion layer formed spaced apart from each other by a third separator on the rear electrode layer and having a second separator; A transparent electrode layer formed on the photoelectric conversion layer spaced apart from each other by the third separator and contacting the back electrode layer through the second separator; And a band-shaped metal electrode layer formed on one surface of the transparent electrode layer and perpendicular to the forming direction of the third separator.
The metal electrode layer has a width of 5 to 500 um.
The metal electrode layer is characterized in that the plurality of metal lines are formed so as to be spaced apart in parallel to each other on one surface of the transparent electrode layer.
The metal electrode layer has a thickness of 30 nm to 100 um.
The metal electrode layer includes any one of silver, copper, and aluminum.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a thin film solar cell, including forming a back electrode layer spaced apart from each other by a first separator on an upper portion of a substrate; Forming a photoelectric conversion layer spaced apart from each other by a third separator on the rear electrode layer and having a second separator; Forming a transparent electrode layer spaced apart from each other by the third separator on the photoelectric conversion layer and in contact with the back electrode layer through the second separator; And forming a band-shaped metal electrode layer perpendicular to the formation direction of the third separator on one surface of the transparent electrode layer.
The metal electrode layer is characterized in that the width of 5 to 500um.
The forming of the metal electrode layer may include depositing a metal by evaporation or spattering after forming a mask.
The forming of the metal electrode layer is characterized by using a screen printing method.
The present invention can form a strip-shaped metal electrode layer on the upper surface perpendicular to the micropatterning direction to provide a path through which current can move, thereby lowering sheet resistance.
The present invention can increase the ratio of the light receiving area of the transparent electrode layer to the total area of the thin film solar cell by adjusting the width of the thin film solar cell.
According to the present invention, since a metal electrode layer is formed on one surface of the transparent electrode layer to provide a current moving path, the thickness of the transparent electrode layer required for smooth movement of current can be reduced, thereby increasing solar transmittance.
The present invention can reduce the power loss due to current by forming a band-shaped metal electrode layer having a low resistance on one surface of the transparent electrode layer to provide a movement path of the current.
1 is a block diagram of a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2A is a perspective view of a thin film solar cell according to a conventional embodiment;
Figure 2b is a perspective view of a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; And
3 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same or similar components, and the same reference numerals will be used to designate the same or similar components. Detailed descriptions of known functions and configurations are omitted.
1 is a block diagram of a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The thin film solar cell according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a
Glass is generally used as the material of the
The
The
The
Since the
The
In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the metal electrode layer is formed on the upper surface of the transparent electrode layer as an example. However, when the metal electrode layer is formed on the lower surface of the transparent electrode layer or the transparent electrode layer is in electrical contact with the metal electrode layer, the same effect as the present invention can be obtained. Is self-explanatory.
The third separator P3 separates the thin film solar cell into cells by forming a predetermined space between the
2A is a perspective view of a thin film solar cell according to a conventional embodiment.
When the length of current passing through the
. In other words, if the length of the thin film solar cell is increased, the ratio of the light receiving area is close to 1, but there is a problem in that power loss is increased due to an increase in the current flowing through the unit cell and an increase in the length of the current passing through the transparent electrode layer.
2B is a perspective view of a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The current flowing on the
. That is, if the length of the current passing through the
Hereinafter, assuming that the length of the current passing through the
Assuming that D = 1 mm, L = 5 mm, a = 0.1 mm, and X = 1 cm, the ratio of the light-receiving area to the total area of the thin-film solar cell is expressed as a percentage, which is 83.3% in Equation (1), ) Is 90.0%. That is, even if the current passes through the
3 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Method of manufacturing a thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of forming a
First, the
The
The
As the
Thereafter, a third separator P3 is formed by forming a third space P3 so that the
The order of the thin films formed on the substrate may be changed according to the type of the thin film solar cell, and in some cases, a strip-shaped metal electrode may be first formed on the transparent substrate, and then the transparent electrode layer may be formed. Even if the stacking order of the thin film solar cell is changed, when the metal electrode layer is in contact with the transparent electrode layer, the light conversion efficiency of the thin film solar cell may be improved. In addition, the present invention can be applied to both the thin film solar cell to which the unit cell method of the above-described embodiment and various other methods are applied, and the light conversion efficiency can be improved.
Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.
100: substrate 110: back electrode layer
120: photoelectric conversion layer 130: transparent electrode layer
140: metal electrode layer P1: first separator
P2: second separator P3: third separator
Claims (9)
A back electrode layer formed on the substrate and spaced apart from each other by a first separator;
A photoelectric conversion layer formed spaced apart from each other by a third separator on the rear electrode layer and having a second separator;
A transparent electrode layer formed on the photoelectric conversion layer spaced apart from each other by the third separator and contacting the back electrode layer through the second separator; And
In the thin film solar cell including a band-shaped metal electrode layer formed on one surface of the transparent electrode layer and perpendicular to the forming direction of the third separator,
The ratio of the light receiving area to the total area of the thin film solar cell is determined by the following formula.
(L: length of current passing through the transparent electrode layer, D: length of inactive region,
X: active region length, a: metal electrode layer width)
The width of the metal electrode layer is a thin film solar cell, characterized in that the transparent electrode 5 to 500um.
The metal electrode layer is a thin film solar cell, characterized in that a plurality of metal lines are formed so as to be spaced apart in parallel to each other on one surface of the transparent electrode layer.
The thickness of the metal electrode layer is a thin film solar cell, characterized in that 30nm to 100um.
The metal electrode layer is a thin film solar cell including any one of silver, copper and aluminum.
Forming a photoelectric conversion layer spaced apart from each other by a third separator on the rear electrode layer and having a second separator;
Forming a transparent electrode layer spaced apart from each other by the third separator on the photoelectric conversion layer and in contact with the back electrode layer through the second separator; And
In the thin film solar cell manufacturing method comprising the step of forming a band-shaped metal electrode layer perpendicular to the forming direction of the third separator on one surface of the transparent electrode layer,
The ratio of the light receiving area to the total area of the thin film solar cell is a thin film solar cell manufacturing method determined by the following equation.
(L: length of current passing through the transparent electrode layer, D: length of inactive region,
X: active region length, a: metal electrode layer width)
The width of the metal electrode layer is a thin film solar cell manufacturing method, characterized in that 5 to 500um.
Forming the metal electrode layer,
After forming a mask, a thin film solar cell manufacturing method characterized in that the deposition of the metal by evaporation deposition or sputtering method.
Forming the metal electrode layer,
Thin film solar cell manufacturing method characterized by using a screen printing method.
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KR1020110034790A KR101209820B1 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | A thin film solar cell and fabrication method thereof |
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KR1020110034790A KR101209820B1 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | A thin film solar cell and fabrication method thereof |
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KR101209820B1 true KR101209820B1 (en) | 2012-12-07 |
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Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2010135637A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Photoelectric conversion device |
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JP2010135637A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Photoelectric conversion device |
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