KR101205962B1 - Method and a device to synthesis gas production from high moisturized organic waste over the course of the synthetic coal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of synthetic coal and an apparatus for the same are provided to reduce the introducing amount of external energy and to reduce energy consumption needed for manufacturing the synthetic coal. CONSTITUTION: A manufacturing method of synthetic coal includes the following steps: an acid catalyst or an alkali catalyst is added into organic waste of high moisture content to be stirred to obtain solidified organic waste(S311); a metallic catalyst is added into the solidified organic waste to be stirred to form uniformed organic waste(S312); the uniformed organic waste is transferred(S313); the transferred uniformed organic waste is heated and stirred to manufacture synthetic coal(S314); the synthetic coal is dried to remove moisture from the synthetic coal, and vapor and gas generated from the drying process are exhausted(S315); the exhausted vapor and gas are collected and cooled to form condensed water containing organic materials(S316); and the gas is refined(S317). [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) End; (S311) Forming solidified organic waste; (S312) Forming uniformed organic waste; (S313) Transferring; (S314) Generating synthetic coal; (S315) Drying; (S316) Cooling vapor and gas; (S317) Refining gas; (S318) Pyrolyzing synthetic coal; (S319) Introducing and igniting pyrolyzed coke; (S320) Washing and storing synthetic gas

Description

Synthetic coal production method, synthetic gas production method, synthetic coal production apparatus and synthesis gas production apparatus using high water content organic waste {Method and a device to synthesis gas production from high moisturized organic waste over the course of the synthetic coal}

The present invention produces a high-content organic waste that can cause secondary environmental pollution, or produce a synthetic coal as an energy fuel using high-content organic waste or organic waste, and produce a synthesis gas through a gasification process linked to this The present invention relates to a synthetic coal production method, a synthesis gas production method, a synthetic coal production device and a synthesis gas production device.

Attempts to obtain energy from organic wastes have continued since the first oil shocks of the 1970s, but they are difficult to commercialize due to their low energy efficiency. In particular, in order to treat organic wastes such as sewage sludge, livestock manure and food waste, which have high water content, pretreatment process technologies such as centrifugation or solid-liquid separation or drying are required. To this end, expensive equipment and high energy consumption are required, and even after the pretreatment process, secondary environmental pollution such as malodorous complaints and leachate generation may occur during the treatment process.

On the other hand, in Korea, where almost all energy fuels are imported, the improvement of domestic energy independence capacity through the generation of fuel gas or the generation of syngas by using organic waste is the treatment of waste resources. It will not only be an environmental solution for the future, but also a shortcut to pursuing the advancement of national resource technology in order to obtain energy sources from organic waste.

High-yield organic wastes (approximately 2.5 million tons / year of sewage sludge; about 5.5 million tons of food waste / year; livestock manure about 53 million tons / year) are reported annually: Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Statistics Korea (2008) It is valuable as a useful resource, and in particular, fuel gas can be produced using it, and active technology development is needed to obtain energy through recycling of organic waste.

Conventional technology for producing syngas from food waste is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0390776. In the prior art, the food waste is heated and pressurized in a low temperature reactor to separate the solids and the filtrate (wastewater) by pyrolysis method, and the solidified carbon and the oil are separated from the solids and the filtrate, and then the synthesis gas is produced by the gasification reaction.

However, in order to produce syngas from solid carbon as in the prior art, since gasification reaction is performed under the conditions of 300 ° C. to 1200 ° C., a lot of energy is sometimes consumed, thereby lowering economic efficiency and lowering productivity due to a decrease in gas yield. There is a problem due to the high initial investment cost and site acquisition due to large-scale planting.

Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 10-0390776 (Registration Date 2003.06.27)

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is a method for producing synthetic coal using high-content organic waste to produce synthetic coal from a high-content organic waste that may cause environmental pollution and It is to provide a manufacturing apparatus.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a syngas production method and apparatus for producing syngas from synthetic coal produced in conjunction with a synthetic coal production apparatus in a high water content organic waste.

In order to achieve the above object, the synthetic coal production method using a high content organic waste according to an aspect of the present invention, by adding an acid catalyst or an alkali catalyst to the high content organic waste and stirring the solid phase Mixing the converted organic waste, adding a metal catalyst to the solidified organic waste and stirring to form a homogenized organic waste, transferring the homogenized organic waste, and transferring the transferred homogenized organic waste to the A step of producing synthetic coal by stirring with heat, and drying the synthetic coal to remove moisture contained in the synthetic coal, and discharging water vapor and gas generated during the drying process, and collecting steam and gas. Cooling and forming condensate containing organic matter from the cooled steam to Providing as a nutrient for microbial growth of the biological carrier, discharging condensate from which the organic matter is removed by the microbial carrier of the biofilter to the coagulation filtration device, and supplying the discharged water discharged from the coagulation filtration device to the cooling water of the gas collector. And removing the malodorous component contained in the cooled gas by using the microorganism carrier, and finally filtering the gas from which the malodorous component has been removed to discharge the purified gas.

Synthetic gas production method using a high moisture content organic waste according to the characteristics of the present invention, indirectly stirring the synthetic coal prepared according to the synthetic coal production method using a high content organic waste in an anoxic state and does not directly apply heat to the synthetic coal Discharging the first syngas generated from the synthetic coal and pyrolysis coke remaining as a result of pyrolysis while pyrolyzing by heating, igniting the pyrolysis coke while injecting pyrolysis coke into the combustion furnace and injecting air and water vapor into the combustion furnace; And discharging the second syngas generated when the pyrolysis coke is pyrolyzed, and washing the first and second syngas and storing the cleaned first and second syngas.

Synthetic coal production apparatus using a high content organic waste according to another aspect of the present invention, the first catalyst supply unit and the metal to store the acid content of the organic waste is supplied from the outside and supply the acid (alkalis) catalyst and the metal (alkalis) catalyst A first discharge pipe for discharging the organic waste homogenized by the first stirrer and the first stirrer for agitating the second catalyst supply unit for supplying the catalyst and the high water content organic waste and the catalyst supplied through the first catalyst supply unit or the second catalyst supply unit Storage tanks, including;

A transfer unit for transferring the homogenized organic waste in the storage tank, a first inlet through which the homogenized organic waste transferred by the transfer unit is input, a heat supply unit for supplying heat, and a second in which homogenized organic waste input through the first inlet is stirred A coalification reactor including a second discharge pipe for discharging the synthetic coal produced according to the operation of the stirrer, the heat supply unit, and the second stirrer, and a third discharge pipe for discharging water vapor and gas components generated during the production of the synthetic coal;

A second inlet port through which the synthetic coal discharged from the second discharge pipe is introduced, a second heat supply unit supplying heat, and a third stirrer and a second heat supply unit which are stirred to dehydrate water contained in the synthetic coal introduced through the second inlet port And a drying furnace comprising a fourth discharge pipe for discharging the synthetic coal dried according to the operation of the third stirrer and a fifth discharge pipe for discharging the steam and gas components generated from the synthetic coal,

A gas collector for collecting and cooling water vapor and gas components discharged from the fifth discharge pipe of the drying furnace and water vapor and gas components discharged from the third discharge pipe of the coalification reactor;

The biofilter removes the odor component contained in the cooling gas discharged from the gas collector using a microbial carrier, the end filter which discharges the purified gas by filtration of the gas discharged from the biofilter, and the water vapor from the gas collector. A condensate pipe line for cooling the condensate discharged into the biofilter to be cooled and condensed to the biofilter, and a condensate spray unit connected to the condensate pipe line and installed at an upper end of the biofilter to spray condensate introduced through the condensate pipe line, And a coagulation filtration device for final filtering the condensate from which the organic matter is removed by the microorganism carrier and supplying the cooling water to the gas collector.

Synthetic gas production apparatus using a high moisture content organic waste according to the characteristics of the present invention, the raw material inlet and the synthetic coal injected through the synthetic coal prepared in the synthetic coal production apparatus using a high water content organic waste is stirred A coke outlet for discharging the pyrolysis coke generated after the first coal is thermally decomposed by the fourth stirrer and the fourth stirrer to generate a first syngas, and a first gas outlet for discharging the first syngas. A gasification reactor comprising;

It supplies heat source to gasification reactor, loads coke input port through which pyrolysis coke is input and pyrolysis coke input through coke input port, and is installed at the bottom of roast and lower which has a plurality of through-holes through which air passes through pyrolysis coke. Air injection pipe for injecting into the furnace and the ignition unit for igniting the pyrolysis coke loaded on the roast and the steam injection pipe for injecting water vapor supplied from the outside and pyrolysis coke loaded on the roast are pyrolyzed in the second synthesis A combustion furnace including a by-product outlet for generating gas and discharging the remaining by-product, and a second gas outlet for discharging the second synthesis gas, and a first synthesis gas and the combustion furnace discharged through the first gas discharge part of the gasification reactor. Gas cleaning to clean the second syngas discharged through the second gas discharge unit And, a gas reservoir for storing the cleaned first and second synthesis gas through a gas cleaning section.

According to the configuration as described above, the synthetic coal production method, synthetic gas production method, synthetic coal production apparatus and synthesis gas production apparatus using a high water content organic waste has the following effects.

First, synthetic coal and syngas, which are energy fuels, can be produced from high-content organic wastes.

Second, there is an effect of creating a treatment base that can properly treat organic waste on land.

Third, the amount of energy to produce synthetic coal can be reduced than the amount of energy required in the simple drying process of organic waste.

Fourth, syngas productivity using an anoxic gasification reactor using an indirect heating method is higher than that of syngas produced by a simple drying process of organic waste.

Fifth, the amount of external energy input can be reduced by using the coke remaining after the anoxic crude syngas production process as the fuel of the external heat source in the synthesis gas production process.

Sixth, it is possible to select a fuel type required by developing a process technology for producing organic waste into synthetic coal through a coalification process or syngas through a linked process.

Seventh, synthetic coal or synthetic gas, which is the final product, is easy to store and transport, and thus can be used as a wide area energy technology.

1 shows a synthetic coal production apparatus according to the present invention.
2 shows a syngas production apparatus according to the present invention.
3 shows a method for producing synthetic coal and syngas according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily understand and reproduce the present invention.

In this specification, the raw material is an organic waste, for example, a high water content organic waste having a moisture content of 80% or more, for example, sewage sludge, food waste, livestock waste, fish processing by-products, slaughterhouse waste, meat processing waste, food processing waste Organic waste, including low moisture content, may generally include forest by-products, such as construction waste, sawdust, bark, wood chips. Low-content organic wastes such as sawdust, rice hulls, agricultural by-products, waste wood and bark are added with additional moisture to maintain a minimum water content of about 40% when added as raw materials.

The present invention produces a synthetic coal produced on the basis of the technology of coalifying the high-content organic waste material as a raw material through a thermal hydrolysis process and a polycondensation reaction, and produces a synthesis gas through a gasification process using synthetic coal as a raw material in the linkage process It is.

In this specification, the thermal hydrolysis process of high-content organic waste is applied to the theory of supercritical state of water, which is known in the critical range of water at 374 ° C and 22.1 MPa (= 225.4 Kgf / ㎠) pressure range. As is the limit of the form of water in the general liquid state or gaseous state can exist in equilibrium (equilibrium), in the present invention, the water contained in the high-content organic wastes act as a reactant and a solvent when the hydrothermal reaction proceeds to form organic matter Hydrolyze and atomize.

In other words, organic waste is a property, for example, food waste is largely divided into fats, proteins, carbohydrates, the main component is a small molecule such as carboxyl groups, amino groups and oligosaccharides through the thermal hydrolysis process.

The temperature and pressure range to reach the critical point of water is difficult to manufacture a large capacity in a general demonstration plant or a reactor for thermal hydrolysis, so to aid this, it is necessary to use acids or alkalis as a catalyst to help the temperature. Range and pressure range can be minimized.

Synthetic coal production apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, large storage tank 110, transfer unit 115, coalification reaction tank 120, drying furnace 130, gas collector 140, biofilter ( 150, a termination filter 160, and a coagulation filtration device 170.

The storage tank 110 stores the high content organic waste supplied from the outside and homogenizes the stored organic waste. Storage tank 110 is a first catalyst supply 111 for supplying an acid catalyst or alkali catalyst for promoting thermal hydrolysis, a second catalyst supply for supplying a metal catalyst for accelerating the polycondensation reaction (112), the organic matter homogenized by the first stirrer 113, the first stirrer 113 for stirring the high content organic waste and the catalyst supplied through the first catalyst supply 111 or the second catalyst supply 112 It includes a first discharge pipe 114 for discharging the waste.

The first stirrer 113 is equipped with an impeller for agitating organic waste and a catalyst, and a speed changeable motor is connected. The number of revolutions of the first stirrer 113 depends on the properties of the raw material and the amount of catalyst, that is, the moisture content and viscosity of the organic waste, and the type and amount of the catalyst are different depending on the properties of the organic waste, and the amount of the dry matter of the organic waste is different. It is about 0.1-20%.

The transfer unit 115 transfers the organic waste homogenized in the storage tank 110. The transfer unit 115 is located at one side of the storage tank 110 and receives and transports the organic waste mixed with the catalyst in the storage tank 110. The transfer unit 115 may use a screw type transfer device or another type of transfer device according to the transfer distance and the transfer amount. In the screw type feeder, the feed amount per unit time is determined by the pitch interval and pitch width of the screw, and the number of rotations of the screw.The motor capacity (HP) required at this time is also determined by the material of the raw material, that is, the viscosity and the particle size or the friction coefficient. do.

The coalification reactor 120 is introduced through the first inlet 121 through which the homogenized organic waste transferred by the transfer unit 115 is input, the first heat supply unit 122 and the first inlet 121 to supply heat. The second stirrer 123 for stirring the homogenized organic waste, the second discharge pipe 124 and the synthetic coal for discharging the synthetic coal produced according to the operation of the first heat supply unit 122 and the second stirrer 123 are produced. It comprises a third discharge pipe 125 to remove the pressure by discharging the water vapor and gas components generated in the process to the gas collector 140 so that the synthetic coal can be safely transported to the drying furnace (130).

A shut-off valve is installed in the first inlet 121, the rotation speed of the second stirrer 123 is rotated at a low speed of about 5 ~ 30rpm, the rotation direction is to repeat the forward and backward. The coalification reactor 120 is heated by an external heat source supplied to the first heat supply unit 122. The operating conditions are to maintain the temperature and pressure ranges during thermal hydrolysis and the temperature and pressure ranges during polycondensation. As an external heat source supplied to the coalification reactor, a separate high temperature boiler, a method of using thermal oil and a heater, or a method of using an electric coil may be used.

The coalification reactor 120 is equipped with a thermometer and a pressure gauge to measure the internal temperature and pressure of the reactor, and proceeds between about 130 ~ 320 ℃ during the thermal hydrolysis process, wherein the pressure is 0.3 ~ It is in the range of 5.88 Mpa, and the polycondensation reaction proceeds between 220 and 350 ° C., and the pressure is in the range of 2.0 to 5.88 Mpa.

That is, since the temperature and pressure section between the thermal hydrolysis process and the polycondensation reaction are different, it is also effective to use two or more reactors in the coalification reactor 120 to effectively use energy.

The time for stagnant organic waste in the coalification reactor 120 varies considerably depending on the type, nature, and operating conditions of the organic waste, and the stagnation time range is about 0.5 to 4 hours.

The operation of the coalification reactor 120 is performed when the second agitator 123 in the reactor rotates and the valve of the first inlet 121 is opened while the shutoff valve of the second discharge pipe 124 is closed when the organic waste is introduced. When the organic waste is input through the transfer unit 115 and a predetermined amount of the organic waste is input, the valve of the first inlet 121 is closed and the coalification reactor 120 forms a closed circuit, and the first heat supply unit 122 is closed. Synthetic coal is produced while the organic waste stays in the coalification reactor 120 heated by the external heat source for a predetermined time.

The drying furnace 130 has a second inlet 131 into which the synthetic coal discharged from the discharge pipe 124 of the coalification reactor 120 is input, a second heat supply unit 132 for supplying heat, and a second heat supply unit 132. ) And dried in accordance with the operation of the third stirrer 133, the second heat supply unit 132, and the third stirrer 133 to dehydrate water contained in the synthetic coal introduced through the second inlet 131. The fourth discharge pipe 134 for discharging the synthetic coal, and the fifth discharge pipe 135 for discharging the water vapor and gas components generated from the synthetic coal.

Synthetic coal discharged from the fourth discharge pipe 134 of the drying furnace 130 is put in a hopper installed below the fourth discharge pipe 134. Although not shown in FIG. 1, a thermometer capable of measuring a temperature range of the drying furnace 130 is installed, and respective shutoff valves are installed at the second inlet 131 and the fifth discharge pipe 135.

The drying process in the drying furnace 130 is carried out in a batch type, stagnant for a certain time in the drying furnace 130, and the retention time is a significant difference depending on the type of organic waste and the characteristics and operating conditions of synthetic coal, generally 0.5 It takes about 4hrs.

Operation operation of the drying furnace 130 to perform the drying process of the synthetic coal is the third stirrer 133 is rotated and the second inlet ( Synthetic coal that is functioned while the valve of 131 is opened is introduced, and the fifth discharge pipe 135 for discharging water vapor and gas components installed at the other side of the second inlet 131 is kept open. Synthetic coal is dried while staying for a predetermined time in the drying furnace 130 is heated by an external heat source supplied to the first heat supply (122).

The gas collector 140 collects and cools water vapor and gas components discharged from the fifth discharge pipe 135 of the drying furnace 130 and water vapor and gas components discharged from the third discharge pipe 125 of the coalification reactor 120. Let's do it. The gas collector 140 is implemented in the form of a double jacket, and the third inlet 141 into which the high temperature water vapor and the gaseous components discharged from the fifth discharge pipe 135 of the drying furnace 130 are introduced into the cylindrical column. And a seventh discharge pipe 144 through which the cooled gas is discharged, a coolant inlet 142 through which the coolant is introduced is formed, and a coolant inlet 142 connects the inlet line and the discharge line of the coolant to the gas collector. A sixth discharge pipe 143 for discharging condensed water is formed at the lower end of the 140. The sixth discharge pipe 143 is provided with a lift pump to lift the condensate water to the upper end of the biofilter 150 is linked.

The biofilter 150 removes the odor component contained in the cooling gas discharged from the seventh discharge pipe 144 of the gas collector 140 by using the microbial carrier 152. The biofilter 150 is connected to the condensate pipe line for transferring the condensed water discharged from the sixth discharge pipe 143 of the gas collector 140 to the biofilter 150, and is connected to the condensed water pipe line and installed at an upper end of the biofilter 150. It may be implemented to include a condensate spray unit 151 for spraying the condensate flowing through the condensate pipe.

The condensed water discharged from the gas collector 140 and sprayed onto the microbial carrier through the condensate spray unit 151 of the biofilter 150 is removed and provided with organic matter as nutrients for growth of the microorganisms in the condensate. The condensed water from which organic matters are removed is discharged (drained water) to the coagulation filtration device 170.

The discharged water from which the organic matter of the condensate is removed from the coagulation filtration device 170 is treated water from which harmful substances are removed by microorganisms, and the remaining fine particles are the cooling water introduced into the cooling water inlet 142 of the gas collector 140 after the coagulation process. Recycled.

The gas component cooled in the gas collector 140 is purified by the microorganisms growing in the biomedia supported on the biofilter 150 and filtered by the end filter 160 and discharged into the atmosphere before being finally discharged. In this case, a blower may be installed in order to transfer gas components from the gas collector 140 to the biofilter 150, and the applied blower may apply a small capacity ring blower that can be easily purchased on the market.

The end filter 160 finally filters the gas discharged from the biofilter 150 to discharge the purified gas. The end filter 160 is installed by using a non-woven fabric or a 100 mesh or more micro filtration network to remove the fine particles and dust of the colloidal foam contained on the exhaust gas to be purified.

As shown in FIG. 2, the syngas production apparatus according to the present invention includes a gasification reactor 210, a combustion furnace 220, a gas washing unit 230, and a gas storage tank 240.

The gasification reactor 210 includes a raw material inlet 211 into which the synthetic coal prepared in the synthetic coal production apparatus using high water content organic waste is input, and a fourth stirrer 212 that agitates the synthetic coal introduced through the raw material inlet 211. The coke outlet 214 for discharging the remaining pyrolysis coke and the first syngas is discharged from the synthetic coal which is stirred by the fourth stirrer 212 by an external heat source to generate the first syngas. Section 213.

Gasification reactor 210 is a facility for producing a synthesis gas by heating the synthetic coal dried in the absence of oxygen supply to decompose the organic components in a gasification form by pyrolysis (pyrolysis).

At this time, the moisture content of the dried synthetic coal is about 30%, the temperature of the pyrolysis process is 400 ~ 850 ℃, the initial pressure induced for the synthesis gas generation is about 0.5Mpa.

Operation of the gasification reactor 210 to perform a gasification production process using the dried synthetic coal as a raw material, the gasification reaction in the state that the shut-off valve of the coke outlet 214 is closed when the dried synthetic coal of about 30% moisture content inflow The synthetic coal is dried while the fourth stirrer 212 in the furnace 210 rotates and the raw material inlet 211 valve of the gasification reactor 210 is opened, and the first coal is provided on the raw material inlet 211. The gas discharge unit 213 maintains an initial closed state, and when a predetermined amount of dried synthetic coal is introduced, the gasification reactor 210 forms a closed circuit at the beginning of gas production while the valve of the raw material inlet 211 is closed. When a constant pressure is generated through gas generation in the gasification reactor 210, the valve of the first gas outlet 213 is opened to discharge the syngas.

The gasification reactor 210 is heated by an external heat source supplied from the outside of the gasification reactor 210, and the inside temperature of the heated reactor is heated to maintain about 400 to 850 ° C. The external heat source supplied to the gasification reactor 210 uses the amount of heat generated while the pyrolysis coke is combusted in the combustion furnace 220.

The combustion furnace 220 supplies a heat source to the gasification reactor 210, the coke inlet 221 into which the pyrolysis coke is introduced, a steam inlet pipe 222 for injecting water vapor supplied from the outside, and a coke inlet 221. The roast 223 is formed at the bottom of the roast 223 and the roast 223 having a plurality of through holes through which the air is passed through the pyrolysis coke, and the air is injected from the outside into the roast 223. ), An ignition unit 225 for igniting the pyrolysis coke loaded on the roast 223, and a second gas discharge unit 226 for discharging the second synthesis gas. Although not shown, the combustion furnace 220 may include a by-product outlet for pyrolysis coke loaded on the roast 223 to thermally decompose to generate a second synthesis gas and discharge the remaining by-product.

The pyrolysis coke is supplied to the coke inlet 221 of the combustion furnace 220 in such a manner that the pyrolysis coke is loaded on the top of the roast 223, and when the pyrolysis coke is ignited and burned by the ignition unit 225, the roast 223 may be smoothly burned. In order to activate the combustion by opening and closing the air injection pipe 224 located at the bottom and to induce partial combustion process by opening and closing the steam injection pipe 222 to prevent the combustion completely when the pyrolysis coke is oxidized as the combustion flame increases. As the pyrolysis coke is burned, secondary syngas can be generated.

At this time, the temperature of the central flame at which the pyrolysis coke is burned is about 950-1300 ° C, and the loaded coke is burned using the oxygen supplied from the air injection pipe 224 installed at the bottom of the roast, and the carbon dioxide (CO2) is generated at a high temperature. The reason for supplying high temperature steam to the combustion flame is that the pyrolysis coke is completely burned so that it does not simply generate carbon dioxide (CO 2) and induces incomplete combustion to burn the hydrogen and oxygen components in the water vapor. It is intended to produce fueled gas by injecting into the gas component produced together with, that is, to produce fueled synthesis gas having a calorific value during combustion such as methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2), ethylene, carbon monoxide (CO), etc. .

The pyrolysis coke completely combusted in the combustion furnace 220 falls to the bottom of the roast in the form of ash or slag, and the amount generated is very small. The combustion gas generated while the coke is combusted is the combustion furnace 220. ) It is discharged through the vent installed at the bottom.

At this time, the reason why the exhaust combustion gas is installed at the lower end of the combustion furnace 220 is to condense the combustion gas in the combustion furnace 220 so as to transfer the heat generated in the combustion process to the gasification reactor 210 as much as possible.

The gas cleaner 230 may discharge the first synthesis gas discharged through the first gas discharge unit 213 of the gasification reactor 210 and the second gas discharge unit 226 of the combustion furnace 220. 2 Clean the syngas. The gas storage tank 240 stores the syngas cleaned through the gas washing unit 230.

In order to remove carbon dioxide (CO2), which is an incombustible gas contained in the synthesis gas, and other air pollutants, for example, sulfur oxides (SOx), the synthetic gas is passed through a gas washing unit 230 which simultaneously washes and chemically cleans the synthesis gas. .

Sulfur oxides (SOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be removed by washing with water or chemical cleaning.

SO2 + H2O → H2SO3

H2SO3 + H2O → H2SO4

SO3 + H2O → H2SO4

SO2 + CaO → CaSO3

CO2 + Ca (OH) 2 → CaCO3 + H2O

In other words, sulfur dioxide (SO2), which is representative of sulfur oxides, can be washed with water by chemically changing into sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid, and can be washed by quicklime, and chemical cleaning by desulfurization facility process of a general thermal power plant that is converted to calcium sulfate (gypsum). In the case of carbon dioxide (CO2) is reacted with calcium hydroxide to chemically change into calcium carbonate, chemical cleaning is possible, so that the synthesis gas by the multi-stage gas washing unit 230 that can simultaneously perform water washing and chemical cleaning. It can be purified.

Before storing the produced syngas in the gas storage tank 240, it may be compressed by a gas compressor to store the compressed gas in the gas storage tank 240. However, at this time, since the synthesis gas pressure of the gas storage tank 240 is higher than the combustion furnace 220 and the gasification reactor 210 which are the producers of the synthesis gas, a check valve is installed to prevent back discharge.

A great advantage of producing the first synthesis gas using the gasification reactor 210 in the present invention can induce a pyrolysis process at a relatively low temperature, thereby saving energy, and simultaneously burning the first synthesis gas generated It is generated in the indirect heating state separate from the and it is possible to recover the entire amount of the first syngas produced. That is, productivity is high by recovering the produced first synthesis gas without losing it in the combustion process.

Synthetic coal and syngas production method according to the present invention is as shown in FIG. Steps S311 to S317 are methods for producing synthetic coal using high content organic waste, and steps S318 to S320 are methods for preparing syngas using high content organic waste.

First, an acids catalyst or an alkali catalyst is added to the high water content organic waste and stirred to mix the solidified organic waste (S311). The temperature and pressure range to reach the critical point of water is difficult to manufacture a large capacity in a general demonstration plant or a reactor for thermal hydrolysis, so to aid this, it is necessary to use acids or alkalis as a catalyst to help the temperature. Minimize ranges and pressure ranges.

The metal catalyst is added to the solidified organic waste formed in step S311 and stirred to mix the homogenized organic waste (S312). The role of the metal catalyst is to make a polycyclic polymer by crosslinking a metal-based cation, which is not formed into a multicyclic polymer by the repulsive force between anions formed between single molecules in the particulate structure produced by thermal hydrolysis. will be. For example, the carboxyl group formed by decomposition of fat is represented by -COOH or -CO2H, and is a functional group consisting of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. An oxygen atom is connected to a single carbon atom by a double bond, and one hydroxy ( OH) group is connected by a single bond. In other words, since it has one outermost electron in the central carbon atom, it may be combined with a larger molecule. Basically, the carboxyl group may be located only at the end of the carbon chain, but at the end of the linking metal catalyst When crosslinking with a cation, it is possible to polymerize a multicyclic type in which several carbon rings are connected.

In this way, the organic components decomposed into fine particles having a monolithic structure by the thermal hydrolysis process form a synthetic coal formed of multicyclic carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen through the crosslinking role of the metal catalyst. The synthetic coal thus produced is referred to as containing hydrogen (H 2) and carbon monoxide (CO) among the gases obtained through the gasification process, and is called synthesis gas to distinguish it from natural gas.

Generally, synthetic gas is produced by gasification process using natural coal as a raw material, and is produced by micronizing natural coal to add water and burning it. Generally, developed in European countries such as Germany without natural oil reserves. It is a technology, and currently, Sasol, South Africa, which has abundant coal reserves, is actively using it to produce synthetic oil using synthetic gas produced by developing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process technology. Include Sasol, Mossgas (renamed PetroSA), and Shell.

Synthetic gas production technology of the present invention is a method of producing synthetic coal (ecocoal) using the organic waste in the medium temperature high pressure method and using it as a raw material instead of natural coal. At this time, the biggest reason for not applying the process technology of directly producing syngas without going through the synthetic coal production process in organic waste is that the organic waste can be generated from the organic waste dried through the simple drying process. The amount of energy consumed is at least 130-150% higher than the amount input to produce synthetic coal, and the calorific value of simple buildings (the amount of energy source fuel that can generate synthetic gas) is generally 130-160% higher than that of synthetic coal. Small enough In other words, the difference in energy consumption and gas generation is significantly different, so it is economical and productive to go through the synthetic coal production process.

The homogenized organic waste formed in step S312 is transferred (S313). Agitated while applying heat to the transported homogenized organic waste to produce synthetic coal (S314).

S314 step of producing a synthetic coal by stirring the heated homogenized organic waste while heating, heat hydrolysis in the temperature range 130 ℃ ~ 320 ℃ and pressure range 0.3Mpa ~ 5.88Mpa A first step of causing the reaction to occur and a second step of applying a heat to the homogenized organic waste to cause the polycondensation reaction to occur in a temperature range of 220 ° C. to 350 ° C. and a pressure range of 2.0 Mpa to 5.88 Mpa. have.

Drying the synthetic coal to remove the moisture contained in the synthetic coal (S315). Evaporates water vapor and gases from the drying process. The water vapor and the gas are collected and cooled (S316). The cooled water vapor is sprayed onto the microorganism carrier in the condensate spray unit of the biofilter so that the organic matter in the condensate is provided as a nutrient for the growth of microorganisms, and the organic condensate from which the organic matter is removed is discharged to the coagulation filtration device (170). The discharged water from which organic matters are removed is treated water from which harmful substances are removed by microorganisms, and the remaining fine particles flow into the cooling water inlet 142 of the gas collector 140 after being aggregated and recycled into the cooling water. The malodorous component contained in the cooled gas is removed using a microbial carrier, and the gas from which the malodorous component is removed is finally filtered to discharge the purified gas (S317).

In the steps S311 to S317, a process of preparing synthetic gas using synthetic coal prepared according to the method for producing synthetic coal using high content organic waste as a raw material will be described first. Indirectly, heat is not directly applied to synthetic coal in an anoxic state. While pyrolyzing by heating, the first syngas generated from the synthetic coal and the pyrolysis coke remaining as a result of pyrolysis are discharged (S318).

At this time, the first syngas generated is subjected to a gas cleaning process together with the second syngas generated at a later stage.

Synthetic coal introduced as a raw material produces gas by a pyrolysis process, and tar and pyrolysis-coke remain as residues as by-products. In general, the difference between pyrolysis and gasification is that in the gasification process, organic matter is converted to gaseous phase by supplying water vapor, air, or oxygen. The final product is ash or slag. The solids are partially combusted to produce methane (CH4), ethylene, carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

The pyrolysis coke is injected into the combustion furnace, and the pyrolysis coke is ignited while injecting air and water vapor into the combustion furnace (S319). The hot water steam supply pipe is located at the point where the pyrolysis coke's combustion flame occurs, and the internal furnace is installed by attaching a refractory brick to prevent heat from being emitted to the outside, or a double wall having the same function is installed. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce heat loss by maximally preventing the heat generated in the combustion furnace from being released. At this time, the reason for supplying air or oxygen in the combustion furnace is to induce the combustion of coke, and the reason for supplying hot water vapor to the combustion flame is that the coke is completely burned, so that it does not simply generate carbon dioxide (CO2). Induces combustion and injects hydrogen and oxygen components in water vapor into the gaseous components produced together with the carbon components of the coke burned to produce fueled gas, ie methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2), ethylene, carbon monoxide It is to produce fuel gas that has a calorific value during combustion such as (CO).

The second synthesis gas generated while the pyrolysis coke is pyrolyzed is stored and the cleaned first and second synthesis gases are stored (S320).

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. As an example, the functions of the drying process and the drying furnace mentioned in the present specification are eliminated, and the synthetic coalified liquid product is introduced into the raw material inlet 211 of the gasification reactor 210 without being dried in the second discharge pipe through a coalification process. After drying in a gasification reactor, the first syngas generation and pyrolysis coke may be discharged by a pyrolysis process. In other words, the technical idea of the present invention is that the process of producing synthetic gas is linked after the process of synthesizing high-content organic wastes with synthetic coal. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

Eco-friendly policy to establish an appropriate land treatment base for organic components such as sewage sludge, livestock manure, food waste, agricultural and aquatic food processing waste, and organic wastes such as household waste, waste wood, agricultural by-products, and forest by-products, which are high-content organic wastes. In particular, organic waste can be produced as synthetic coal and used as solid fuel, or as a syngas through linkage process, which can be used for thermal power plants, cement plants, cogeneration plants, vinyl houses, etc. It can be used as a heat source, it is possible to produce electric power by using as a fuel of the turbine generator, supply energy to farmers and fishers households through mass distribution of the present technology, or technology can be applied to the energy-independent village development project.

Claims (5)

Adding an acids catalyst or an alkali catalyst to the high water content organic waste and stirring to mix the solidified organic waste;
Adding a metal catalyst to the solidified organic waste and stirring to form a homogenized organic waste;
Conveying the homogenized organic waste;
Stirring the heated homogenized organic waste with heat to produce synthetic coal;
Discharging water vapor and gas generated during the drying process while drying the synthetic coal to remove moisture contained in the synthetic coal;
Collecting and cooling the water vapor and the gas;
Forming condensate containing organic matter from the cooled water vapor and providing the nutrient for microbial growth of the microbial carrier of the biofilter;
Discharging condensate from which organic matter is removed by the microbial carrier of the biofilter to a coagulation filtration device;
Supplying the discharged water discharged from the coagulation filtration device to the cooling water of the gas collector;
Removing the odor component contained in the cooled gas by using a microbial carrier; And
Final filtration of the gas from which the odor component has been removed to discharge the purified gas;
Synthetic coal production method using a high water content organic waste comprising a. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of producing synthetic coal by stirring with heat to the transferred homogenized organic waste:
A first step of subjecting the homogenized organic waste to thermal hydrolysis in a temperature range of 130 ° C. to 320 ° C. and a pressure range of 0.3 Mpa to 5.88 Mpa; And
A second step of applying a heat to the homogenized organic waste to cause a polycondensation reaction in a temperature range of 220 ° C. to 350 ° C. and a pressure range of 2.0 Mpa to 5.88 Mpa;
Synthetic coal production method using a high water content organic waste comprising a. Synthetic coal prepared according to the method for producing synthetic coal using the high content organic waste of claim 1 or 2 is generated in the synthetic coal while being pyrolyzed by an indirect heating method without stirring in an anoxic state and not directly heating the synthetic coal. Discharging the pyrolysis coke remaining as a result of the first synthesis gas and pyrolysis;
Injecting the pyrolysis coke into a combustion furnace and igniting the pyrolysis coke while injecting air and water vapor into the combustion furnace;
Discharging a second synthesis gas generated while the pyrolysis coke is pyrolyzed; And
Cleaning the first and second syngas and storing the cleaned first and second syngas;
Syngas production method using a high water content organic waste comprising a. A first catalyst supply part for storing an acidic catalyst or an alkali catalyst and a second catalyst supply part for supplying a metal catalyst, the high content organic waste and the first content A storage tank including a first stirrer for stirring the catalyst supplied through the catalyst supply part or the second catalyst supply part and a first discharge pipe discharging the organic waste homogenized by the first stirrer;
A transfer unit for transferring the homogenized organic waste from the storage tank;
A first heat supply unit for supplying heat to the homogenized organic waste conveyed by the transfer unit, a first heat supply unit for supplying heat, a second stirrer for stirring the homogenized organic waste introduced through the first input port, and the first heat supply unit; A coalification reactor including a second discharge pipe discharging the synthetic coal produced according to the operation of the second stirrer and a third discharge pipe discharging the steam and gas components generated in the process of producing the synthetic coal;
A third stirrer and the third stirrer which is stirred to dehydrate water contained in the synthetic coal introduced through the second inlet port through which the synthetic coal discharged from the second discharge pipe is input and the second heat supply unit supplying heat; A drying furnace including a fourth discharge pipe discharging the synthetic coal dried according to the operation of the heat supply unit and the third stirrer and a fifth discharge pipe discharging the steam and gas components generated from the synthetic coal;
A gas collector for collecting and cooling water vapor and gas components discharged from the fifth discharge pipe of the drying furnace and water vapor and gas components discharged from the third discharge pipe of the coalification reactor;
A biofilter for removing odor components contained in the cooling gas discharged from the gas collector using a microbial carrier;
An end filter for final filtering the gas discharged from the biofilter to discharge the purified gas;
A condensate tube for delivering condensate discharged from the gas collector to condensate to the biofilter;
A condensate spray unit connected to the condensate pipe line and installed at an upper end of the biofilter to spray condensate introduced through the condensate pipe line; And
A coagulation filtration device for final filtering the condensed water from which the organic matter is removed by the microorganism carrier of the biofilter and supplying the cooling water to the gas collector;
Synthetic coal production apparatus using a high water content organic waste comprising a. Synthetic coal stirred by the fourth stirrer and the fourth stirrer to agitate the raw material inlet and the synthetic coal introduced through the raw material inlet prepared in the synthetic coal manufacturing apparatus using the high content organic waste according to claim 4 A gasification reactor including a coke outlet configured to be pyrolyzed by the external heat source to generate the first syngas, and to discharge the remaining pyrolysis coke, and a first gas outlet to discharge the first syngas;
A heat source is supplied to the gasification reactor, the coke inlet into which the pyrolysis coke is introduced, and the pyrolysis coke introduced through the coke inlet are loaded, and a plurality of through-holes through which air is passed through the pyrolysis coke is installed and installed at a lower end of the roast. And an air injection pipe for injecting air supplied from the outside into the roaster, an ignition part for igniting pyrolysis coke loaded in the roast, and a steam injection pipe for injecting water vapor supplied from the outside and positioned at the top of the roast. A combustion furnace including a by-product outlet configured to pyrolyze the stacked pyrolysis coke to generate a second synthesis gas, and to discharge the remaining byproduct; and a second gas outlet configured to discharge the second synthesis gas;
A gas washing unit for cleaning the first synthesis gas discharged through the first gas discharge unit of the gasification reactor and the second synthesis gas discharged through the second gas discharge unit of the combustion furnace; And
A gas storage tank storing first and second syngas cleaned through the gas washing unit;
Syngas production apparatus using a high water content organic waste comprising a.

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