KR101197490B1

KR101197490B1 - Moulding device for arch shaped GLULAM

Info

Publication number: KR101197490B1
Application number: KR20100029789A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 김희복
Original assignee: 성원목재 주식회사
Priority date: 2010-04-01
Filing date: 2010-04-01
Publication date: 2012-11-09
Also published as: KR20110110457A

Abstract

The present invention is a straight line so that a laminated material made of a small size of wood (plate) laminated and compressed to a desired thickness can be used in a dome-shaped structure or a part subjected to the combined load of bending and compression in a structure The present invention relates to an arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus for molding into a shape having various curvature radii such as an arch shape or an S-shape.
An arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention, the frame is fixed to the forming apparatus on the top; A base plate fixed on the frame and having a plurality of slits formed in a width direction thereof; A forming frame having a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, the fastening bolt passing through the slit of the horizontal portion and the base plate, and fastening the fastening nut to the end portion to fix the position on the base plate; First fastening means for fastening the laminate on the horizontal portion of the mold, and then fastening the laminate with a vertical portion of the mold to fix the laminate; And a second fastening means for fastening the adhesively secured laminate between the vertical portion of the molding die and the vertical portion of the adjacent molding die, in order to compress the bonded and fixed laminate.

Description

Molding device for arch shaped GLULAM

The present invention relates to an arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus, and more particularly, to form a dome-shaped structure formed by laminating and pressing a laminate made of wood (plate) of a small size to a desired thickness. The present invention relates to an arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus for shaping a linear shape as well as an arch shape so as to be used in a part subjected to a combined load of bending and compression in a building.

The timber used to construct the wooden building is determined by its size and shape according to the purpose of use. Since the members of the building are subjected to a lot of loads, the wood with the right size and strength should be used. do. However, wood with large size (diameter, length, etc.) and high strength are relatively expensive and not easily available, and even if such wood is purchased, it takes a lot of time and money to dry and process. This relatively inexpensive, excellent workability and high strength structural aggregates have no choice but to use.

In general, a structural laminated material (GLULAM; glued laminated timber) is formed by bonding a small plate and an incineration material to each other and forming a large square material having a required load, size, and strength. The structural aggregate formed in this way has high dimensional stability and structural reliability, and is manufactured by removing wood-specific defects such as knots, so that the strength can be greater than that of general wood, the deformation is small, and the length and thickness are depending on the intended use. It is possible to adjust the width, width, etc., and mass production is possible according to the shape and size, etc.The structural aggregate material is a structural member and it can keep the aesthetics unique to solid wood. When used in girders, rafters, etc., most of them are exposed as they are, often serving as a finishing material.

Structural aggregates are produced by calculating the exact size and load according to their use. Currently, the structural aggregates used in domestic and overseas are mainly made of straight type (straight line type). In the building, the curved members of the roof furniture are made by hand processing solid wood materials with large cross sections into designed curves or by manually combining short cut members in several places, so the productivity of materials is low and skilled professional woodworking is necessary. Of course, there is a problem that the load calculation is incorrect during manufacturing, the reliability of strength, etc. is lowered, and a long manufacturing period is required, resulting in a decrease in productivity economical efficiency and an increase in manufacturing cost.

One of the technologies which appeared to solve such a problem is Utility Model Registration No. 209855, "Structural aggregate forming apparatus for forming a curved shape." Technical details will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. 3) After seating on the upper surface of the production table (1), a plurality of forming molds (3) are arranged at regular intervals along the curve of the molding (2) on the basis of an arbitrary center point (P), such as welding Method to make the required curved shape by fixing it to the upper surface of the production table 1, and then applying the adhesive between the plates, and the pressing block 3b provided at both ends of the reference frame 3a of the forming mold 3 The plate material is inserted into the plate, and the pressing bolts 3d are inserted between the bolt fitting holes 3c formed in the pressing blocks 3b, and then the adjusting nuts 3e are fastened on both outer sides of the pressing bolts 3d. The sheet members are dried in a compressed state to form a curved structural aggregate. The device.

However, the structural aggregate forming apparatus has the following problems.

First, since the molding die is welded and fixed to the workbench, and the pressed aggregate is dried on the workbench while the compression bolt is fastened to the fixed mold, the first compression-molded aggregate is dried and disassembled from the mold. (Usually longer than 24 hours), it is not possible to form other aggregates in the same workbench, and thus cannot produce structural aggregates in large quantities.

Second, in order to mold the aggregate having a predetermined radius of curvature, once the mold is fixedly installed on the workbench, in order to mold the aggregate having a different radius of curvature, the mold formed by welding or the like is dismantled and welded again. Since the mold has to be fixed, every time the radius of curvature changes, the mold has to be welded and installed again.

Third, since the pressing bolts that are fastened between the pressing blocks are located only at the upper end of the aggregate, when the size (ie, height) of the cross section of the aggregate becomes large, the entire aggregate cross section cannot be compressed with a constant force (explained in detail). , The upper surface of the aggregate material where the compression bolt is located is compressed with a large force, but the lower surface of the aggregate material that is placed on the reference frame is pressed with a relatively small force), and the strength of the formed aggregate material is not uniform. May occur.

Fourth, because the compacted block is made of steel, not wood, when the surface of the compacted block is not smooth due to the impact or force applied to the compacted block, the surface of the molded aggregate may be scratched, resulting in product defects.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is a dome-shaped structure or building a laminated material made by laminating and pressing a laminate made of wood (plate) of a small size to a desired thickness In order to provide an arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus for forming a curved aggregate in a straight shape as well as an arch shape so that it can be used in the portion subjected to the combined load of bending and compression in the.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus capable of mass-producing a structural aggregate having a straight line as well as various curvature radii in a short time in the same forming apparatus.

In order to solve the above problems, the arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus for forming an arch-shaped structural aggregate to form a curved shape by bonding a laminate (bond) and pressing it, The molding apparatus includes a frame in which the molding apparatus is fixedly installed; A base plate fixed on the frame and having a plurality of slits formed in a width direction thereof; A forming frame having a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, the fastening bolt passing through the slit of the horizontal portion and the base plate, and fastening the fastening nut to the end portion to fix the position on the base plate; First fastening means for fastening the laminate on the horizontal portion of the mold, and then fastening the laminate with a vertical portion of the mold to fix the laminate; And a second fastening means for fastening the adhesively fixed laminate to a laminate between the vertical part of the molding die and the vertical part of the adjacent molding die, in order to compress the bonded and fixed laminate. Silver, two compression bolts; A first pressing support plate through which the pressing bolt penetrates the upper end and the lower end, respectively, and is positioned at the head of the pressing bolt when fastened; A second pressing support plate through which the pressing bolt penetrates the upper end and the lower end, respectively, and is positioned at the leading end of the pressing bolt when fastened; Compression nuts are fastened to the pressing bolts from the outside of the second pressing support plate, respectively.

In addition, the arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention, the frame on which the molding apparatus is fixedly installed; A base plate fixed on the frame and having a plurality of slits formed in a width direction thereof; It consists of a horizontal part and a vertical part, and the fastening bolt penetrates the slit of the horizontal part and the base plate, and fastens the fastening nut to the end part so that the position is fixed on the base plate. Molding stand installed as; And a third fastening means positioned between the vertical parts of the molding table installed in pairs in order to compress the bonded laminate after the laminate is bonded on the horizontal portion of the molding table.

Preferably, the first fastening means includes two fixing bolts; Fixing support plate which is respectively penetrated through the upper end and the lower end, the fastening plate is located on the head of the fixing bolt when fastened; The fixing bolt penetrates the upper end and the lower end, respectively, and is provided with a fixing nut member that is caught by the groove-shaped steel web of the vertical part of the forming mold.

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Preferably, the third fastening means comprises: two bolts; A first support plate through which the bolt penetrates an upper end portion and a lower end portion, and is positioned at a head of the bolt when fastened; A second support plate through which the bolt penetrates the upper end and the lower end, respectively, and is positioned between the vertical parts of the pair of forming tables when fastened; First nuts respectively fastened to the bolts from the outside of the second support plate; A locking plate through which the bolt penetrates the upper end and the lower end, respectively, and is fastened to the outer side of the vertical part of the pair of forming tables when the bolt is fastened; And second nuts fastened to the bolts from the outside of the locking plate, respectively.

The arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention having the above characteristics can mass-produce a structural aggregate having a straight shape or various curvature radii in a short time in the same molding apparatus, thereby improving productivity and significantly reducing production costs. Can be saved. In addition, since a small sized wood (plate) is laminated and pressed to a desired thickness to form a structural aggregate having the required size and strength, it is manufactured by removing wood-specific defects such as knots. It can be made larger than wood, and its deformation is small, and its length, thickness and width can be freely adjusted according to its use, and its mass production can be made according to its shape and size.

In addition, by replacing only the steel used in the dome-shaped structure or the building with the linear load as well as the portion subjected to the combined load of bending and compression with the structural aggregate formed by the molding apparatus of the present invention, Of course, it is possible to build eco-friendly structures that can preserve the unique aesthetics of solid wood.

1A and 1B are views showing a structural aggregate forming apparatus forming a conventional curved shape.
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention.
3 is a view showing a state of fastening the first fastening means in the structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 4a is a view showing a state of the first fastening means and the second fastening means in the structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention.
4B is a view illustrating a laminate in which a first fastening means is dismantled and only a second fastening means is fastened in the structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention.
5 is a view showing the third fastening means in the second embodiment of the structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention.

Although the present invention is called an arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus, a laminate of small-sized wood (plate) is bonded and compressed to a desired thickness to form a straight line as well as an arch shape or a continuous curved shape like an S letter. Since it is a structural aggregate forming apparatus shape | molded by the shape | molding, it includes all the said shapes also in a range analysis of rights.

In the first embodiment of the structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in Figures 2 to 4b, the frame 10, the base plate 20, the forming mold 30, a fixed clamp as a basic component 40 and a crimping clamp 50 are configured.

Frame 10 is a configuration that serves as a support that is fixed to the molding apparatus of the present invention in the upper portion, the base plate 20 is a flat plate shape is fixed to the upper portion of the frame 10 and serves as a work table It is a plate, the base plate 20 is formed with a plurality of slits 21 in the width direction (vertical direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in the molding machine as a whole, see the accompanying drawings), the slit 21 is a base plate ( 20) It is preferable to be formed at equal intervals throughout, and the base plate 20 is continuous to each other by welding or other fastening means, such as a plurality of base plate 20 rather than forming a single plate throughout the device It is desirable to form a workbench by connecting and installing.

Molding frame 30 is composed of a horizontal portion 31 and a vertical portion 32, the vertical portion 32 is fixed to the one end portion of the horizontal portion 31 as shown in FIG. The fastening bolt 35 penetrates the horizontal part 31 and the slit 21 of the base plate and fastens the fastening nut 37 to the end portion so that the position is fixed on the base plate 20. The mold 30 may be fastened to all the slits 21 but may be fastened at regular intervals, and the fastening nut 37 and the base plate 20 may have a lower surface or a horizontal portion 31 of the mold. It will be preferable to insert and wash the washer 36 between the upper surface of the web. As described above, the fastening bolt 35 is fastened through the slit 21 to adjust the radius of curvature of the arch structural structural member to be molded by adjusting only the fastening position of the fastening bolt 35 in the slit 21 formed in the width direction. It can be adjusted.

The horizontal portion 31 and the vertical portion 32 of the mold 30 is not particularly limited in shape, and the horizontal portion 31 and the vertical portion 32 have a rectangular cross section. Although it may be used, it is most preferable to use a groove-shaped steel having a cross-section 'c' shape, and by using such groove-shaped steel, the web portion of the horizontal portion 31 is the upper surface of the base plate 20. The web portion of the vertical portion 32 is in contact with the bonded laminate is to be able to increase the compressive force without damaging the laminate during compression (the description and drawings in the present specification are examples of grooved steel, but square The same applies to the case of the shape member).

In addition, the bolting hole 34 should be formed in the grooved steel web of the horizontal portion 31 so that the fastening bolt 35 can pass through when the mold 30 and the base plate 20 are fastened. The fastening hole 34 should be formed in the groove-shaped steel web of the horizontal part 31 in a long hole or arc shape in the horizontal direction, and it is easy to adjust the radius of curvature. Moreover, it is preferable to form the groove | channel 33 opened upward at the upper end of the groove-shaped steel web of the vertical part 32, and to form the groove | channel 33 'opened downward also at the lower end. Here, the vertical portion 32 may be provided with a plurality of holes, preferably 2 to 4 holes (not shown in the accompanying drawings) in the vertical direction instead of the grooves 33 and 33 '.

After applying the adhesive to the upper portion of the horizontal portion 31 of the molding die 30, the first fastening means for fastening with the vertical portion 32 of the molding die 30 to fix the bonded laminate The first fastening means is composed of two fixing bolts 41 and 41 ', a fixing support plate 42 and a fixing nut member 43.

After bonding the laminates, the fixing bolts 41 and 41 'are fastened to fix the laminates. The fixing bolts 41' positioned at the bottom of the laminate are grooved steel in the horizontal portion 31 of the forming mold 30. It is positioned between the web of the grooved steel while being inserted between both side end walls of the fixing bolt 41 is located on the top of the laminate. Meanwhile, the fixing support plate 42 has the fixing bolts 41 and 41 'penetrated at the upper end and the lower end thereof, respectively, and is positioned between the head of the fixing bolts 41 and 41' and the bonded laminate.

The fixing nut member 43 passes through the fixing bolts 41 and 41 'at the upper end and the lower end thereof, respectively, and when the fixing bolts 41 and 41' are engaged with each other, It is caught by the grooved steel web and positioned outside the vertical part 32. The fixing nut member 43 is a plate-shaped member having a hole through which the fixing bolts 41 and 41 'pass through the upper end portion and the lower end portion thereof, and the fixing bolt 41, outside the hole of the plate-shaped member. 41 ') may be attached and formed integrally (see FIG. 3), or may be separately formed by separating the plate-shaped member and the nut.

In order to compress the laminate which is bonded and fixed by the first fastening means, fastening to the adhesive fixed laminate between the vertical part 32 of the molding die 30 and the vertical part 32 of the adjacent molding die 30 The second fastening means includes two pressing bolts 51 and 51 ', first and second pressing support plates 52 and 53, and pressing nuts 55 and 55'.

In order to compress the adhesively fixed laminate 60, the second fastening means is fastened to the laminate 60 between adjacent vertical parts 32. As shown in FIG. 4A, two pressing bolts 51 and 51 are attached. ') Is positioned one by one on the upper and lower portions of the laminate 60 is adhesively fixed, the first pressing support plate 52 is located between the head of the laminate 60 and the compression bolts (51, 51') The second pressing support plate 53 is positioned between the laminate 60 and the pressing nuts 55 and 55 'on the front end side of the pressing bolts 51 and 51'. When the bolts 51 and 51 'are fastened, the bolts 51 and 51' pass through the upper and lower ends of the first pressing support plate 52 and the second pressing support plate 53, respectively. ') Is fastened to the pressing bolts 51 and 51', respectively, on the outside of the second pressing support plate 53.

Although the material of the first and second pressing support plates 52 and 53 is not necessarily limited, it is preferable that the first and second pressing support plates 52 and 53 are made of wood so as not to damage the surface of the laminate 60, and the first pressing support plate 52 and the pressing bolts are not limited. It is preferable to insert and fasten the washers 54 and 54 'between the heads of the 51 and 51' and between the second pressing support plate 53 and the pressing nuts 55 and 55 '. Here, the fixing bolts 41 and 41 'and the compression bolts 51 and 51' and the bolts 81 and 81 'described later do not necessarily have to form spirals in their entirety. It does not matter.

In the first embodiment of the aggregate forming apparatus of the present invention, which is press-fitted as described above, after pressing the second fastening means to crimp the laminate, the first fastening means is disassembled and crimped, as shown in FIG. 4B. Since the laminated laminate is lifted out of the molding apparatus to a predetermined place and dried (typically for 24 hours or more) while the second fastening means is fastened, the molding apparatus can continue to mold another aggregate material. It is possible to mold the aggregate in a large amount in one molding apparatus.

5 is a view showing the third fastening means in the second embodiment of the arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus according to the present invention, the aggregate forming apparatus of the second embodiment is a frame 10, a slit ( 21 is provided with a base plate 20, a pair of forming tables 70, 70 'and a third fastening means. In short, since the second embodiment increases productivity by integrating the first and second fastening means into one third fastening means in the first embodiment, the description of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. Omit the description.

The forming table 70 '70' has a horizontal portion and a vertical portion like the forming mold 30 of the first embodiment, and there is no particular limitation on the shape of the horizontal portion and the vertical portion, but the cross section is rectangular in shape. It is also possible to use a member of, and it is most preferable to use a groove-shaped steel having a cross-section 'c' shape, it is not necessary to form a groove in the upper or lower web of the vertical portion. On the other hand, the forming table 70 '70' is fixed in position by a fastening bolt fastened through the slit of the base plate as in the first embodiment, and are installed in pairs at regular intervals.

After applying the adhesive and adhering the laminate on the upper part of the forming table 70, 70 ', the vertical part of the forming table 70, 70' installed in pairs to compress the bonded laminate. The third fastening means is positioned, and the third fastening means includes two bolts 81 and 81 ', first and second support plates 82 and 83, first and second nuts 85 and 87, and a locking plate. 86 is provided.

The two bolts 81, 81 'are fastened to compress the adhesively fixed laminate, and the two bolts 81, 81' are positioned one each at the top and the bottom of the adhesively fixed laminate, and the laminate The first support plate 82 is positioned between the 60 and the heads of the bolts 81 and 81 ', and between the laminate and the first nuts 85 and 85' on the front end side of the bolts 81 and 81 '. In the second support plate 83 is located. When the bolts 81 and 81 'are fastened, the bolts 81 and 81' pass through the upper and lower ends of the first support plate 82 and the second support plate 83, respectively. The outer side of the second support plate 83 is fastened to the bolts 81 and 81 ', respectively. The material of the first and second support plates 82 and 83 in contact with the laminate is preferably made of wood so as not to damage the compressed laminate surface, between the first support plate 82 and the bolt head and the second support plate. It is preferable to insert and fasten the washer 84 between the 83 and the first nuts 85 and 85 '.

The second support plate 83 may be made of wood to be in contact with the laminate, and an iron plate may be attached to the opposite side (that is, a part supported by the molding table during crimping and fixing) (see FIG. 5), and the first support plate 82 may be used. The bolt holes formed at the upper end and the lower end of the bolt hole are formed in a long hole shape in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower ends of the second support plate 83 form grooves opening upward and downward, respectively, when the bolt is fastened. It is convenient. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable to connect the long hole having a length in the vertical direction and the groove that is opened in the one side direction to the locking plate 86 for convenience of work and quickness.

The second support plate 83 has bolts 81 and 81 'penetrated at the upper and lower ends thereof, respectively, and is positioned between the vertical portions of the pair of forming tables 70 and 70' at the time of fastening. , 70 ') by forming a'└'-shaped end at both front edges in the vertical direction, so that the second support plate 83 is positioned between the ends, The vertical portions of the forming tables 70 and 70 'and the second support plate 83 make contact with the laminate 60 while forming one flat plate, thereby effectively supporting the pressed laminate.

After fastening the laminate by fastening the first nuts 85 and 85 ', fastening the locking plate 86 and the second nuts 87 and 87' to the ends of the protruding bolts 81 and 81 'completely. In the pressing plate 86, the bolts 81 and 81 'are respectively penetrated to the upper end and the lower end, and are fastened to each other by being caught outside the vertical portions of the pair of forming tables 70 and 70'.

In the second embodiment fastened as described above, after the laminate is pressed, only the second nuts 87 and 87 'and the locking plate 86 are unwound or disassembled in the molding apparatus, and then the compressed laminate is lifted out of the molding apparatus. It is moved to a predetermined place and dried in a compressed state with the first and second support plates 81 and 82, the bolts 81 and 81 ', and the first nuts 85 and 85'. Since it is possible to continue molding, it is possible to mold the aggregate material in a large amount in one molding apparatus.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention but to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

10: frame
20: base plate 21: slit
30: forming frame 31: horizontal part
32: vertical part 33, 33 ': groove
34: bolt fastening hole 35: fastening bolt
36: washer 37: tightening nut
40: fixing clamp 41, 41 ': fixing bolt
42: fixing support plate 43: fixing nut member
50: crimp clamp 51, 51 ': crimp bolt
52: first pressing support plate 53: second pressing support plate
54, 54 ': Washer 55, 55': Pressed nut
60: laminate
70, 70 ': forming table
80: clamp 81, 81 ': bolt
82: first support plate 83: second support plate
84: washer 85, 85 ': 1st nut
86: stopping plate 87, 87 ': second nut

Claims

In the arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus for bonding a laminate and pressing it to form a curved shape, the molding apparatus,
A frame on which the molding apparatus is fixedly installed;
A base plate fixed to the frame and having a plurality of slits formed in a width direction thereof;
A forming frame having a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, the fastening bolt passing through the slit of the horizontal portion and the base plate, and fastening the fastening nut to the end portion to fix the position on the base plate;
First fastening means for fastening the laminate on the horizontal portion of the mold, and then fastening the laminate with a vertical portion of the mold to fix the laminate;
Second fastening means for fastening the adhesively fixed laminate between the vertical portion of the molding die and the vertical portion of the adjacent molding die to squeeze the bonded and fixed laminate;
It is configured to include, the second fastening means,
Two compression bolts;
A first pressing support plate through which the pressing bolt penetrates the upper end and the lower end, respectively, and is positioned at the head of the pressing bolt when fastened;
A second pressing support plate through which the pressing bolt penetrates the upper end and the lower end, respectively, and is positioned at the leading end of the pressing bolt when fastened;
Pressing nuts respectively fastened to the pressing bolts from the outside of the second pressing support plate;
An arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus, characterized by comprising a.

The method of claim 1,
The horizontal part and the vertical part of the mold are made of groove-shaped steel whose cross section is '-' shaped, and the bolt-shaped hole is formed in the groove-shaped steel web of the horizontal part, and the upper part of the groove-shaped steel web of the vertical part. An arch-shaped structural aggregate material forming apparatus, characterized in that a groove is formed at an upper end and a lower end thereof.

The method of claim 1,
The horizontal part and the vertical part of the mold are made of groove-shaped steel whose cross section is '-' shaped, and the bolt-shaped hole is formed in the groove-shaped steel web of the horizontal part, and the groove-shaped steel web of the vertical part. An arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus, characterized in that two to four holes are formed in a vertical direction.

The method of claim 1, wherein the first fastening means,
Two fixing bolts;
Fixing support plate which is respectively penetrated through the upper end and the lower end, the fastening plate is located on the head of the fixing bolt when fastened;
Fixing nut member through which the fixing bolt penetrates the upper end and the lower end, respectively, and is fastened to the outer side of the resin part by the grooved steel web of the vertical part of the forming mold;
An arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus, characterized by comprising a.

5. The method of claim 4,
The fixing nut member is formed integrally with a plate-shaped member having a hole through which the fixing bolt passes, and a nut fastened to the fixing bolt outside the hole of the plate-shaped member. An arch-shaped structural aggregate forming device.

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The method of claim 1,
The material of the first and the second pressing support plate is wood, the arch-shaped structural aggregate forming apparatus further comprises a washer between the first pressing support plate and the bolt head, and between the second pressing support plate and the pressing nut.

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