KR101182830B1 - moisture pellet for fishes and manufacturing method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to economically produce wet feed with improved feed efficiency and eco-friendliness, the present invention includes a pretreatment step of processing by-products of feed fish into solid feeds of a predetermined size; A primary coating step of spraying and coating a primary coating solution containing an alginic acid compound on the pretreated solid feed; And a secondary coating step of forming a gelling film in which alginate molecules and cations are gelled on the outer surface of the solid feed by spraying a high pressure secondary coating solution containing a divalent cation ionic compound on the solid feed coated at room temperature. It provides a method for producing a wet feed for fish farming comprising a.

Fish farming, wet feed, gelling film

Description

Moisture pellets for fishes and manufacturing method for the same

The present invention relates to a wet feed for fish farming and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a wet farm feed for fish, such as flatfish, uruk, and manufacturing method for economically manufacturing a wet feed with improved feed efficiency and environmental friendliness will be.

In general, aquaculture feeds are artificial feeds, which are made by adding various vitamins or minerals to a natural feed produced in a ratio suitable for the required amount of protein, fat, and hydrous carbon.

In addition, the artificial feed is mainly produced as a solid feed by extrusion molding, which is divided into EP feed (extrusion pellet) and MP feed (moisture pellet, hereinafter referred to as wet feed) according to the moisture content.

Recently, it is highly recommended to use EP feed with less than 10% water content which is hard to dissolve in the environment such as marine pollution prevention, but fishermen who are engaged in fishing are not trusting EP feed. Since it is more expensive than humid feed or raw feed, it is used only in a limited manner, and practically, most of the domestic aquaculture industry occupies most of the wet feed.

As such, the wet feed is widely used, the wet feed is mixed with about 10 parts by weight of fishmeal and sweet tailings in fish or by-products, extruded by an extruder and then frozen and stored in a freezing chamber for shape maintenance. Since then it has been feeding.

On the other hand, most of the fish farms, such as flatfish and urugu, use raw feed such as mackerel, herring, squid and anchovy.

Accordingly, in Europe, there is a problem that the nearby fisheries are devastated due to the use of small-sized fish as raw feed, and more raw feed is required due to the increasing trend of fish farming such as flatfish, uruk, etc. The trend is increasing.

In order to solve this problem, various wet feeds have been developed to replace fish feed for fish farming, but there are the following problems.

In other words, in Japan, the development of sausage-type feed using collagen and other edible films was made in view of the preference for soft feed for fish farming. However, the price of edible films such as collagen was expensive, so it was not widely used.

In addition, a mixed coating using chitosan and agar has been introduced to the domestic aquaculture industry, but in this case, a relatively large size of fish farming foods such as flatfish, uruk, etc. (eg, in the case of a cylindrical wet feed, is a simple primary coating). 25 ~ 40mm) was difficult to apply, so that the problem of feed loss or marine pollution could not be solved because it could not effectively prevent loosening in water.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses feed by-products of the feed fish to form a gel film having a high binding strength by using the formation of alginate molecules and cations on the surface of the solid feed processed to a size suitable for feed feed efficiency It is an object of the present invention to provide a fish farming wet feed and a method of manufacturing the same for economically manufacturing a wet feed with improved environmental friendliness.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a pre-treatment step of processing by-products of feed fish into a solid feed of a predetermined size; A primary coating step of spraying and coating a primary coating solution containing an alginic acid compound on the pretreated solid feed; A secondary coating step of forming a gelling film in which alginate molecules and cations are gelled on the outer surface of the solid feed by spraying a high pressure secondary coating solution containing a divalent cation ionic compound on the solid feed coated at room temperature; And spraying a tertiary coating solution containing 1 to 40 parts by weight of a mixture of mackerel liquid, herring liquid, squid liquid, sardine liquid and anchovy liquid based on 100 parts by weight of water to the raw material formed with the gelation film. It provides a method for producing a wet feed for fish farming comprising a third coating step.

Here, the primary coating step is preferably made of an aqueous solution in which the alginate compound containing sodium alginate is mixed in an amount of 0.5 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of water. In addition, the secondary coating step, the secondary coating solution is preferably made of an aqueous solution containing 0.2 to 1 parts by weight of the ionic compound of a divalent cation containing calcium chloride based on 100 parts by weight of water.

On the other hand, the present invention is a solid feed processed by-products of the feed fish to a predetermined size; And a second coating solution formed on an outer surface of the solid feed, the first coating solution containing one of alginate compounds including sodium alginate and propylene glycol alginate and a divalent cation ionic compound including calcium chloride. It includes a gelling film formed by gelling by sequentially spraying at room temperature, one to 40 parts by weight of at least one of the mackerel liquid, herring liquid, squid liquid, sardine liquid and anchovy liquid based on 100 parts by weight of water on the outer surface of the gelled film Provided is a wet feed for fish culture, characterized in that the tertiary coating solution contained is sprayed and coated.

Through the above solution, the present invention provides the following effects.

First, the present invention provides a new method for preventing the loss of feed due to the collapse of the fish feed wet food by forming a gelled gel film on the surface of the wet feed using a gelling reaction of sodium alginate and calcium chloride usable as food additives present.

Secondly, the present invention forms a gel with a strong binding force on the surface of a relatively large size of wet feed suitable for fish farming, such as flatfish and rockfish, and maintains its appearance to replace a large amount of live feed required for fish farming of flatfish, rockfish, etc. By-products can be readily utilized, enabling economic fish farming.

Third, since the wet feed according to the present invention is a form wrapped around the surface of the gel, it does not require a binder like conventional blended feeds such as EP and MP, and does not dissolve in water and thus does not cause water quality and low pollution. .

Fourth, the wet feed according to the present invention is installed at the outlet side of the extrusion molding device by installing the first spray device and the second injection device in sequence at the same time to discharge the solid feed, there is no conventional freezing process, high digestibility and direct from the fish farm It can provide a wet feed that can be manufactured and used immediately.

Fifth, in the long-term storage of the wet feed according to the present invention by pre-coated and stored with fish odors, such as flounder, rockfish and the like, it can exhibit the same odor effect as the raw feed in using the frozen wet feed. .

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a wet feed for fish culture and its manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view (a) and a cross-sectional view (b) showing a wet feed for fish farming according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the egg box (egg) ion crosslink formation between the alginic acid molecules and calcium ions to be.

As shown in Figure 1 and 2, the fish feed wet feed 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a solid feed (1) and a gel film (2).

In detail, the solid feed 1 is processed by grinding one or more of by-products of feed fish such as mackerel, herring, squid and anchovy, which are mainly used for fish farming such as flatfish, urchin, etc., to a predetermined size.

Here, the by-products are by-products (eg, heads, bones, tails, intestines, etc.) of fish that are discharged by disposal of marine dumping at a rate of about tens of thousands of tons per day in the processing plant of feed fish.

These by-products are found to contain many useful components such as omega-3 fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and Eicisapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are known to be effective in preventing intelligent development and senile dementia.

Therefore, by using the by-products of the feed fish as a solid feed for fish (1) to prevent marine pollution and at the same time to recycle the discarded resources, it is possible to produce a wet feed for fish farming (10) of the same taste as raw feed at a low price Economic fish farming is possible.

On the other hand, a gelling film (2) is formed on the outer surface of the solid feed (1) is formed, the gelling film (2) is a primary coating solution containing one of the alginic acid compound containing sodium alginate and propylene glycol alginate The secondary coating solution containing an ionic compound of a divalent cation containing calcium chloride and gelation is formed by spraying sequentially at room temperature.

In detail, alginic acid is a water-soluble linear polyuronic acid, which is a natural product which accounts for about 30 to 60 parts by weight of the brown algae dry matter. Alginic acid is a polysaccharide block copolymer of D-mannuronic acid and L-gluronic acid. Alginic acid is a metal salt of polyuronic acid. Alginic acid has a carboxyl group per unit of uronic acid and dissociates to anions in aqueous solution. Alginic acid dissolved in water is an egg box ion crosslink that is ion-crosslinked in the form of egg yolk by encapsulating a divalent or higher cation in the gluronic acid block of alginic acid in the egg yolk position as shown in FIG. 2. To form a cured gel.

In addition, the alginic acid compound contained in the primary coating solution is one selected from alginic acid, alginic acid salt, alginic acid ester, etc. that are acceptable for food addition.

In addition, the ionic compound contained in the secondary coating solution is one selected from metal ions such as calcium chloride that can be used for food addition.

The gelation film thus formed is water-insoluble, which is applicable to feed and is not easily dissolved in water since food additive is a main ingredient.

On the other hand, the primary coating solution is that the alginic acid compound is formulated in 0.01 to 15.00 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of water, when less than 0.01 parts by weight can not form the desired gel or the alginic acid gelling film is formed very weakly to achieve the desired effect. When it is over 15.00 parts by weight, it is difficult to use because the viscosity is too high.

Preferably, the alginate compound is water 100 in order to maintain a smooth surface and a viscosity of the gelling film (e.g., about 3000 cps) suitable for the size of the fish feed wet food (e.g., 25 to 40 mm in diameter when cylindrical). 0.5 to 2 parts by weight, based on the weight parts.

In addition, the secondary coating solution is a ionic compound of the divalent cation based on 100 parts by weight of water is 0.01 to 60.00 parts by weight, when less than 0.01 parts by weight of the desired alginate gelling film is not formed or the alginic acid gelling film is formed very weakly It does not exhibit the desired effect, and when it exceeds 60.00 parts by weight, it is difficult to dissolve in an aqueous solution.

In order to maintain a smooth surface and a viscosity of the gelling film (e.g., about 3000 cps) suitable for the size (e.g., 25 to 40 mm in diameter in the case of a cylindrical fish) wet feed such as flatfish, uruk, etc. The ionic compound of the divalent cation is blended at 0.2 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of water.

Therefore, the wet feed for fish culture of the present invention is a wet feed formed with a gelling film that transcends the characteristics and functions of the conventional aquaculture compound feed such as EP, MP, and the like. Will be wrapped.

Through this, the surface is covered with a gelled film, so it does not require a binder like conventional blended feeds such as EP and MP, and it has a soft characteristic that softens when it is immersed in water and smells like fish. It is an eco-friendly feed that does not dissolve and does not cause water quality or low pollution.

Hereinafter, a method of preparing a fish feed for aquaculture according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

Figure 3 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a fish farming wet feed according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is an extrusion molding apparatus used in the method of manufacturing a fish farming wet feed according to an embodiment of the present invention and It is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the manufacture of a wet feed for fish farming using an extrusion molding apparatus.

As shown in Figure 3 and 4, the manufacturing method of the wet feed for fish culture according to an embodiment of the present invention is a pretreatment step (S1), the first coating step (S2), the second coating step (S3) and postcher Re-step S4 is made.

In detail, first, the pre-treatment step (S1) is a cylindrical, spherical, cuboid, etc. suitable for fish feed by grinding the by-products of the feed fish discharged from the processing plant, such as mackerel, herring, squid, anchovy, sardines, etc. It is to be processed into a solid feed having a predetermined size (for example, 25 to 40mm in diameter in the case of a cylindrical shape).

Here, the extrusion device 20 is a hopper 22 into which the by-products of fish are introduced, a motor 21 serving as a driving source, and a screw 23 that is rotated by the driving force by the motor to crush and move the by-products of the feed fish. ), A heating device 24 which wraps the screw and is heated to remove moisture for producing a wet feed having a water content of a predetermined ratio or less, a die 25 discharged in a cylindrical form, and the die 25 It comprises a molding device 26 for cutting the discharged cylinder to discharge the cylindrical.

Thereafter, the primary coating step (S2) of spraying the primary coating solution containing the alginic acid compound in the pre-treated solid feed is carried out.

This is made possible by the primary spraying device 30 that is sprayably installed in the cylindrical wet feed discharged from the forming device 26.

Here, the primary coating solution is made of an aqueous solution containing 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of an alginate compound containing sodium alginate based on 100 parts by weight of water for the viscosity and surface quality of the gelling film suitable for feed size such as flatfish, uruk, etc. desirable.

Thereafter, the secondary coating solution containing the ionic compound of the divalent cation in the primary coated solid feed at a high pressure sprayed at room temperature to form a gel film formed by gelling the alginate molecules and the positive ions on the outer surface of the solid feed. Car coating step (S3) is performed.

This is possible with the secondary injector 40 installed to be injected at high pressure in the vicinity of the primary sprayer 30.

Here, the secondary coating solution is 0.2 to 1 parts by weight of an ionic compound of a divalent cation containing calcium chloride based on 100 parts by weight of water for the viscosity and surface quality of the gelling film suitable for fish feed such as flatfish, rockfish, etc. It is preferably made of an aqueous solution.

In addition, since the secondary coating solution is coated by high-pressure spraying penetrates more deeply into the surface of the primary coated solid feed, it is possible to form a thick gelling film having strong bonding strength without losing the primary coating solution and the secondary coating solution.

As such, despite having a size larger than twice the size of the general fish wet feed (for example, 25 to 40 mm in diameter in the case of cylindrical), suitable viscosity and surface quality for wet fish for fish farming, such as flatfish, uruk By using the by-products of the discarded feed fish effectively by forming a gelling film having a can be prepared for the wet feed for fish farming, such as flatfish, rockfish. That is, it becomes possible to manufacture in substantially the same size as raw feed.

In addition, it is easy to add a functional ingredient containing fish oil, krill or other minerals, calcium, etc. in the process of injecting by-products of feed fish according to the formation of the gelation film, it is easy to add functionality to the cultured fish species.

In addition, since it is easy to add substances for giving taste and smell to fish such as flatfish and uruk as nutritious feed fish, the number of aquaculture can be prevented effectively by preventing the occurrence of fish disease due to foods that are not fed or low-nutrition. The probability can be significantly improved.

And, by installing the extrusion molding apparatus 20 in the fish farm, by installing a simple device in parallel with the primary spray device 30 and the secondary injection device 40, freezing or for maintaining the molding of existing EP, MP feed The process of freeze-drying is unnecessary, so the digestibility is high, and it is easy to prepare a wet feed that can be used on site.

Lastly, if the wet feed film formed of the gelling film is not used immediately, a post-treatment step (S4) of packaging at a predetermined capacity is performed.

On the other hand, Figure 5 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a fish farming wet feed according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is used in the method of manufacturing a fish farming wet feed according to another embodiment of the present invention A schematic perspective view showing a freezing pan.

The basic flow except for subdividing the above-described post-processing step (S4) for the long term storage of the present embodiment is the same as the above-described embodiment, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in Figure 5 and 6, the manufacturing method of the wet feed for fish culture according to this embodiment is a freezing fan 50 for strengthening the molding for long-term storage after the second coating step (S3) of the above-described embodiment Fishes such as flounder and rockfish before performing the freezing, de-panning step (S42), and the de-panning step (S43) to package the de-panned thing by panning the wet feed to an appropriate size using a freezing pan It is characterized by performing a third coating step (S41) to form a coating on the surface of the favorite odorous substance.

To this end, the secondary coating step (S3) of the above-described embodiment is that one or more of the mackerel liquid, herring liquid, squid liquid, sardine liquid and anchovy liquid based on 100 parts by weight of water in the raw material formed with the gelation film is coated It is preferred to further comprise a third coating step (S41) to spray by coating the third coating solution contained in 1 to 40 parts by weight.

Here, if the mixture of one or more of the mackerel liquid, herring liquid, squid liquid, sardine liquid and anchovy liquid to the tertiary coating liquid is less than 1 part by weight can not actively induce aquaculture fish can not achieve the desired effect When it exceeds 40 weight part, viscosity increases and spraying is not easy.

Accordingly, when the wet feed stored in frozen food is used in aquaculture, it is thawed in water and actively induces fish such as flatfish and uruk as the third coated odor substance is released in water, thus exhibiting the same odor effect as raw feed. Can be significantly improved.

Comparative Example and Example

Comparative Example 1 was prepared by cutting so that the size of the width × length as a raw feed having approximately 40mm × 30mm. In addition, as frozen feed of the same size was prepared separately frozen for 2 hours at -20 ℃.

Comparative Example 2 was produced as a cylindrical having a diameter of 30mm through the extrusion molding device 20 as an uncoated MP feed. In addition, as a non-coated MP feed of the same size was prepared separately frozen for 2 hours at -20 ℃.

Comparative Example 3 was prepared by coating a chitosan coating liquid prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of water with 1 part by weight of a chitosan solution on the surface of the wet feed extruded into a cylindrical shape of 30 mm through the extrusion molding apparatus 20 as a simple coating feed. . In addition, as a simple coating feed of the same conditions was prepared separately frozen for 2 hours at -20 ℃.

Example 1 was sprayed with a primary coating solution prepared by mixing 1 part by weight of sodium alginate to 100 parts by weight of water on the surface of the wet feed extruded into a cylindrical shape of 30mm diameter through the extrusion molding device 20, the weight of water 100 The secondary coating solution prepared by mixing 0.5 parts by weight of calcium chloride in the portion was prepared by high pressure spraying.

Test Example 1 Comparison of Viscosity between Coating Film and Gelling Film

In order to compare the viscosity of Comparative Example 3 and Example 1, which were formed in the above-described Comparative Examples and Examples, the gelling liquid of the simple coating liquid of Comparative Example 3 and the first coating liquid and the second coating liquid of Example 1 was subjected to temperature conditions of 30 ° C. The viscosity was measured at. The viscosity unit is cps.

[Table 1]

Properties Comparative Example 3 Example 1 Viscosity 100 3000

As shown in Table 1, the gelling liquid in which the alginic acid molecule and the cation were gelled was very excellent in viscosity compared to the chitosan coating liquid. Therefore, the gelling film of the present invention proves that the formed wet feed is not released in water for a long time as compared to the wet feed simply coated with a chitosan coating liquid or the like.

In addition, in the present invention, the temperature condition of forming the gelling film by spraying the first coating solution and the second coating solution in turn is room temperature. This is because it is unnecessary to process the coating of the gel-type liquid by coating the coating liquid to form a coating on the surface of the wet feed to form the existing liquid in the form of a gel (for example, ulgari liquor) because it is unnecessary according to the present invention It can be seen that the method is easier.

Test Example 2: Comparison of Coating Effect over Time

The comparative examples and examples were immersed in 300 ml of aquaculture seawater (seawater 70: groundwater 30) for 2 hours, and as a result of the reaction, the effect of inhibiting underwater decay, which is visually distinguished over time, was measured to a large number of measuring persons. It was made to measure and the average value was calculated | required.

[Table 2]

Elapsed time Comparative Example 1
(Raw feed) Comparative Example 2
(Uncoated feed) Comparative Example 3
(Simple Coating Feed) Example
(Gel film feed) 30 seconds (after injection) 3.8 3.6 5 5.0 5 minutes 2.8 2.5 5 5.0 10 minutes 2.2 2.0 4.8 5.0 20 minutes 2.0 1.9 4.2 5.0 30 minutes 1.9 1.5 3.9 5.0 90 minutes 1.1 1.0 1.9 5.0 120 minutes 1.0 1.0 1.0 5.0

Evaluation: 5 points (very good), 4 points (good), 3 points (normal), 2 points (bad), 1 point (very bad)

In addition, the same experiment was performed using the frozen thing of the same conditions as a comparative example.

[Table 3]

Elapsed time Comparative Example 1
(Frozen feed) Comparative Example 2
(Freezing uncoated feed) Comparative Example 3
(Freezing Simple Coating Feed) 30 seconds (after injection) 5 5 5 5 minutes 4.9 4.7 5 10 minutes 4.3 4.0 5 20 minutes 3.8 3.3 4.7 30 minutes 3.5 3.0 4.0 90 minutes 2.3 1.9 3.4 120 minutes 1.0 1.0 1.0

As shown in Table 2 and Table 3, the wet feed formed with the gelled film of the present invention has an appearance after 2 hours, unlike conventional raw feed, uncoated feed, and simple coated feed, which are completely released in water after 2 hours. It was evaluated that the coating effect was excellent by maintaining. This proves that the gelation film formed by sequentially coating the first coating liquid containing sodium alginate and the second coating liquid containing calcium ions has an excellent effect on preventing feed loss in water.

In addition, frozen raw feed, uncoated feed and simple coated feed can also be used immediately after preparation since the appearance of the gel-film wet feed of the present invention, which is not frozen after 2 hours, is maintained after 2 hours, as it is completely released in water. Prove it.

As described above, the present invention uses a gelling reaction of sodium alginate and calcium chloride that can be used as a food additive to form a gelled gelling film on the surface of the wet feed to prevent the loss of feed due to the collapse of the wet feed for fish farming Present a new way.

As described above, the present invention is applicable to the small-size wet feed used in other fish farming, so that the concentrations of sodium alginate and calcium chloride in the first coating liquid and the second coating liquid can be adjusted, respectively. It is not to be understood that modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the claims of the present invention, and such modifications are within the scope of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing a wet feed for fish farming according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of egg box ion crosslink formation between alginic acid molecules and calcium ions.

Figure 3 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a wet feed for fish farming according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the production of a wet feed for fish culture using the extrusion molding apparatus and the extrusion molding apparatus used in the method for producing a wet feed for fish culture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a wet feed for fish culture in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a freezing pan used in the method for producing a wet feed for fish culture according to another embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: Fish Farming Wet Feed 1: Solid Feed

2: gelling film 20: extrusion molding apparatus

21: Motor 22: Hopper

23: screw 24: heating device

25: die 26: forming apparatus

30: primary sprayer 40: secondary sprayer

50: freeze pan

Claims (5)

A pretreatment step of processing the by-product of the feed fish into a solid feed of a predetermined size; A primary coating step of spraying and coating a primary coating solution containing an alginic acid compound on the pretreated solid feed; A secondary coating step of forming a gelling film in which alginate molecules and cations are gelled on the outer surface of the solid feed by spraying a high pressure secondary coating solution containing a divalent cation ionic compound on the solid feed coated at room temperature; And 3 to coat by spraying a tertiary coating solution containing 1 to 40 parts by weight of one or more of the mixed mackerel liquid, herring liquid, squid liquid, sardine liquid and anchovy liquid based on 100 parts by weight of water to the gelled film formed raw material 3 Method for producing a wet feed for fish farming comprising a tea coating step. The method of claim 1, The first coating step The primary coating solution is a method of producing a wet feed for fish culture, characterized in that the alginate compound containing sodium alginate compound based on 100 parts by weight of water consisting of 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of an aqueous solution. The method of claim 1, The secondary coating step Method for producing a wet feed for fish culture, characterized in that the secondary coating solution is made of an aqueous solution in which the ionic compound of the divalent cation containing calcium chloride is contained in an amount of 0.2 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of water. delete Solid feed processed by-product of feed fish to a predetermined size; And A film is formed on the outer surface of the solid feed, the primary coating solution containing one of the alginate compounds including sodium alginate and propylene glycol alginate and the secondary coating solution containing an ionic compound of a divalent cation containing calcium chloride at room temperature Including a gelation film formed by gelling by spraying sequentially, Based on 100 parts by weight of water on the outer surface of the gelling film, at least one of the mixture of mackerel liquid, herring liquid, squid liquid, sardine liquid and anchovy liquid is sprayed and coated with a tertiary coating solution containing 1 to 40 parts by weight. Wet feed for fish farming.

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