KR101181742B1 - Apparatus and method for land-use map renewel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A device for updating a land-use map and a method thereof are provided to obtain property information of a land area by laser measurement and simply update the land-use map by applying the property information. CONSTITUTION: A GPS(Global Positioning System) module(2) generates location information. An INS(Inertial Navigation System) module(4) outputs posture information of an aircraft. A LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) module(6) produces laser measurement data. An SD correcting unit compares area property information of digital surface data, property information of a database(12), and land-use information of a land-use map each other by using location information in the digital surface data of a digital surface data generating unit(10). The SD correcting unit updates the land-use information based on the comparison result.

Description

Land use map update apparatus and method {APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR LAND-USE MAP RENEWEL}

The present invention is to update the land use status map by grasping the attribute information of the land area through the laser survey results and applying the same, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the land use status map update device and It is about a method.

In general, maps representing various information on features are produced using data obtained through various methods such as aerial photography, aerial laser surveying, and aerial triangulation. In particular, the production of general digital maps representing various topographic features and the like has been produced by aerial photography and aerial laser surveying.

In the mapping method using aerial photography, after taking aerial photographs of a certain area using a camera mounted on an aircraft, the ground coordinates are obtained through ground surveying, and the conjugate point extraction extracts the same point from adjacent photographs. Connect several pictures through the process. And, by finding the position of the ground reference point in the aerial photograph and inputting the actual survey coordinates, all photographed aerial photographs can have the coordinates.

Aerial laser surveying uses LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) module, which is equipped with a laser scanner on the aircraft to emit laser waves to the ground and measure the arrival time of the laser waves reflected from the ground. By using the survey method to calculate the spatial position coordinates of the reflection points and extract information about the earth's surface. In other words, the LiDAR module measures the elapsed time that the very short laser wave emitted from the aircraft hits the object on the surface of the earth and returns, and uses the formula of (laser speed x elapsed time) / 2 as the distance. Perform the function of converting. As such, the LiDAR module calculates laser survey data including altitude information.

As described above, in general, a digital map of an aerial photograph is produced by using an external expression element obtained by an air triangulation method or an air laser survey method, for example, digital surface data (DSD). . Using the DSD, digital ground data, digital elevation model, land-coverage map, and land use map could be produced.

Recently, topography, features, and land use have been diversifying in a short time. Therefore, it is necessary to update the data such as numerical surface data, general digital map, and land use map more frequently.

However, according to the prior art, there has been a hassle of updating sequentially from a DSD to a general digital map or a land use state map through an air triangulation method or an air laser survey method. In other words, even in the case of updating the land use status map, since the sequential update process such as DSD and land cover is required from aerial triangulation, the complicated procedures require excessive work time and high cost. Occurred.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, by identifying the property information of the land area through the laser survey results and update the land use status map by applying it, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of updating the land use status map. The purpose of the land use is to provide an update device and method.

Land use status update apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object is a GPS module for generating location information by measuring the position of the aircraft; An INS module for outputting attitude information including the current speed and inclination of the aircraft; A light detection and ranging (LiDAR) module configured to calculate laser survey data including reflection intensity and altitude information by measuring an elapsed time of returning the laser wave emitted from the aircraft to the target; A DSD generation unit generating digital surface data using the laser survey data based on the positional information and attitude information of the aircraft; And comparing the attribute information of each area of the numerical surface data with the attribute information of the database and the land area information of the land use status map by using the location information included in the numerical surface data. And an SD correction unit for updating land area information of the land use status map.

The SD correction unit may planarize the numerical surface data or the laser survey data to a predetermined size, and compare the reflection intensity of each position with attribute information for each reflection intensity of the database using the position information.

The SD compensator classifies regions of the same attribute in the numerical surface data according to reflection intensity values of the same size, and compares the reflection intensity of the same attribute regions with attribute information for each of the reflection intensities of the database. Characterizing the attribute information, respectively.

The SD correction unit sequentially compares the attribute information of each region of the land use state diagram stored in the database with the attribute information of the same attribute regions for each of the corresponding regions, and newly detects the attribute information of the land use state diagram. If the information of the same property area is the same, the property information of the land use status map is maintained, and if the property information of the land use status map and the information of the newly detected same property area are different, the newly detected property information of the land use status map is detected. It is characterized by correcting by attribute information.

In addition, the land use status update method according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of generating location information by measuring the position of the aircraft; Outputting attitude information including the current speed and inclination of the aircraft; Calculating laser survey data including reflection intensity and altitude information by measuring an elapsed time of returning the laser wave provided to the aircraft to the object; Generating digital surface data using the laser survey data based on position information and attitude information of the aircraft; And comparing the attribute information of each area of the numerical surface data with the attribute information of the database and the land area information of the land use status map by using the location information included in the numerical surface data. And updating the land area information of the land use status map.

In the land area information updating step of the land use status map, the numerical surface data or the laser survey data are flattened to a predetermined size, and the reflection intensity of each position is determined by using the position information. Characterized in that it comprises a step of comparing with.

In the land area information updating step of the land use status map, the areas of the same property are divided in the numerical surface data according to the reflection intensity values of the same size, and the reflection intensity of the same property areas is determined according to the reflection intensity of the database. And comparing each of the attribute information of the same attribute regions with each other.

In the land area information updating step of the land use status map, the property information of each area of the land use status map stored in the database and the attribute information of the same property areas are sequentially compared for each corresponding area, and the land use status If the attribute information of the figure and the information of the newly detected same attribute area are the same, the attribute information of the land use state diagram is maintained, and if the attribute information of the land use state diagram and the information of the newly detected same attribute area are different, the land use state The method may further include correcting the attribute information of FIG. With newly detected attribute information.

Land use status update apparatus and method according to an embodiment of the present invention having the various technical features as described above to determine the property information of the land area through the laser measurement results and apply the same to more simply update the land use status map Can be. In other words, the renewal process of the land use status map is simplified, so that time and cost can be reduced, and the land use status can be further improved.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a land use status map updating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing a part of numerical surface data formed by planarizing laser survey data.
3 is a view showing part of the land area information of the land use status map stored in the database.
4 is a view for explaining a comparison process between the numerical surface data and the land use status map.
5 is another diagram for explaining a comparison process between the numerical surface data and the land use status map.
6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining a process of detecting reflection intensities of laser points included in numerical surface materials;
7 shows the reflection intensity values of laser points.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the land use status update apparatus and method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an apparatus for updating a land use status map according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

The land use state map updating apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a GPS module 2 for measuring position of an aircraft and generating position information; An INS module 4 for outputting attitude information including the current speed and inclination of the aircraft; A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) module 6 for calculating laser survey data including reflection intensity and altitude information by measuring an elapsed time of returning the laser wave emitted from the aircraft to the object and returning; A DSD generation unit 8 for generating digital surface data using the laser survey data based on position information and attitude information of the aircraft; And using the location information included in the numerical surface data, compare the attribute information of each area of the numerical surface data with the attribute information of the database (Database, 12) and the land area information of the land use status map. The SD correction unit 10 for updating the land area information of the usage status map is provided.

The GPS module 2 receives navigation information from a positioning satellite by using a Global Positioning System (GPS), which is one of location-based services, and uses its own navigation information and its own algorithm. Generate a position signal. The GPS antenna connected to the GPS module 2 tracks the satellite signals transmitted from the positioning satellites, and determines the positions of the satellites, their positions, and the relative positions of other satellites according to the transmitted satellite signals.

As part of the Inertial Navigation System (INS), the INS module 4 measures the rotational angular velocity and linear acceleration of the vehicle by each measuring system and accelerometer, called the inertial sensor, and uses these outputs to determine the reference without external assistance. Performs the function of providing the aircraft's current speed and attitude information to the navigation coordinate system. The INS module 4 with each measuring system and accelerometer calculates the rotation angle of the aircraft fuselage and then calculates the exact position of the changing aircraft fuselage using the rotation angle and the measured acceleration. Therefore, the GPS module 2 measures the accurate position information of the aircraft, and at the same time, the INS module 4 measures the rotation amount and attitude data about each axis of the aircraft, including the absolute position information of the aircraft in flight. Generate posture information.

LiDAR module 6 is equipped with a laser scanner on the aircraft to emit a laser wave to the ground surface, and by measuring the arrival time of the laser wave reflected from the ground surface, by calculating the spatial position coordinates of the reflection point information on the ground surface Use survey techniques to extract In other words, the LiDAR module 6 measures the elapsed time when the laser wave emitted from the aircraft has a very short wavelength and returns to the object on the surface of the earth, using the formula (speed of laser x elapsed time) / 2. To convert the distance to the distance. As such, the LiDAR module 6 calculates laser survey data including x, y, z axis position information, Ω, ω, κ, reflection intensity, altitude information, and the like.

The DSD generation unit 8 collects positional information of the aircraft generated from the GPS module 2, attitude information generated from the INS module 4, and laser survey data of the LiDAR module 6 to collect numerical surface data (DSD). Create Here, the numerical surface data is classified into initial data that can be obtained through aerial laser survey, in which various surface coatings formed on the surface remain intact.

In the process of producing digital maps, the aviation laser survey results generated through the preprocessing process, ie, digital ground model (DSM), digital surface data (DSD) and digital ground data (DTD) Produce sequentially. The digital terrain model (DTM) and the digital elevation model (DEM) are generated by performing corrections such as correction of the elevation. As such, in order to generate a digital terrain model (DTM) or a digital elevation model (DEM), the digital ground data (DTD) should be generated by removing various coatings on the surface based on the digital surface data (DSD). In order to generate digital ground data (DTD), it is necessary to automatically classify and remove surface coatings based on digital surface data (DSD) based on the effects of meteorological phenomena, clouds, and ground objects and animals and plants. Therefore, the attribute information of the location or areas corresponding to the location information of the GPS module 2 should be clearly distinguished.

The SD correcting unit 10 grasps attribute information of each region of the numerical surface data DSD and then compares the identified attribute information with the land region information of the land use status map. The land area information of the land use chart is updated according to the comparison result. In other words, the SD correcting unit 10 grasps the attribute information whether multiple regions of the same attribute according to the numerical surface data (DSD) are formed of paddy fields or fields or rivers or forest areas. By comparing the attribute information for each area with the information for each land area in the land use status map, it is possible to update the information for each land area in the land use status map.

The SD correction unit 10 uses the position information included in the numerical surface data DSD to identify attribute information of each area of the numerical surface data DSD, and reflects the reflection intensity according to each position information in the database. Base, 12) is compared with attribute information for each reflection intensity. Specifically, the SD correction unit 10 grasps the attribute information corresponding to the reflection intensity for each position information of the numerical surface data (DSD), and then uses the attribute information identified for each region of the same attribute as the land area of the land use status map. Compare with each attribute information. The land area information of the land use chart is updated according to the comparison result.

The database 12 stores attribute information for each land area and attribute information for each reflection intensity (attribute information of objects corresponding to reflection intensity values from the lowest level to the highest level) of the land use status map, respectively.

The SD corrector 10 may determine the attribute information and the object for each of the same attribute regions of the numerical surface data by comparing the reflection intensity values for each position information of the numerical surface data with the attribute information of the database 12. . The land area information of the land use diagram is updated by comparing the attribute information determined for each area with the land area information of the land use diagram.

The SD correction unit 10 of the present invention as described above will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a part of numerical surface data formed by planarizing the laser survey data, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing part of land area information of a land use status map stored in a database. 4 and 5 are diagrams for explaining a comparison process between the numerical surface data and the land use status map.

2 and 3, the SD correction unit 10 flattens the numerical surface data (DSD) or the laser survey data to a predetermined predetermined size, and uses the respective position information to reflect the reflection intensity of each position. Comparison is made with attribute information for each reflection intensity of the base 12. In this case, the SD compensator 10 classifies a plurality of areas having the same property in the numerical surface data DSD according to the reflection intensity values of the same size, and compares each area of the area with the property information for each reflection intensity of the database 12. Identify attribute information. When the attribute information is identified for each region in this way, as shown in FIG. 4, by comparing the attribute information of each region with the information of each of the land regions of the land use state map, the land area information of the land use state diagram can be updated.

That is, the SD correction unit 10 sequentially reads the reflection intensity values of the laser points according to the position information from the planarized numerical surface data (DSD) or the laser survey data. In general, the laser survey data includes x, y, z axis position information, Ω, ω, κ, reflection intensity and altitude information of corresponding laser points, but the SD compensator 10 reflects the reflection intensity of the laser points. Only values are read sequentially. In this case, multiple areas of the same property are divided in the numerical surface data (DSD) according to the reflection intensity values of the same size.

Thereafter, as shown in Table 1 below, the SD correcting unit 10 reflects the reflection intensity values of each position of the read numerical surface data DSD and the reflection intensity values of the attribute information previously stored in the database 12. Compare each. As described above, the attribute information of the pre-stored database 12 is information in which objects of the attribute corresponding to the reflection intensity values of the lowest level to the highest level, respectively, are defined.

6A and 6B are diagrams for describing a process of detecting reflection intensity of laser points included in numerical surface data. 7 is a diagram illustrating reflection intensity values of laser points.

6A and 6B, the SD compensator 10 compares the reflection intensity values of each position read with the reflection intensity values of the attribute information previously stored in the database 12, thereby comparing a plurality of regions of the same attribute. Identify the property information of each area. Then, the attribute information of each region of the land use status map stored in the database 12 and the attribute information of the same attribute regions detected from the numerical surface data are sequentially compared for each corresponding region. At this time, if the attribute information of the land use status map and the information of the newly detected same attribute area are identical according to the result of the comparison sequentially, the attribute information of the land use status map is maintained. However, if the attribute information of the land use status map and the information of the newly detected same attribute area are different, the attribute information of the land use status map is corrected with the newly detected attribute information as shown in FIG. Update the.

As described above, the land use status map updating apparatus and method according to an embodiment of the present invention to grasp the attribute information of the land areas through the laser survey results, and to apply the same to update the land use status map more simply. Can be. In other words, the renewal process of the land use status map is simplified, so that time and cost can be reduced, and the land use status can be further improved.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limited to the contents described in the detailed description of the specification but should be defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

A GPS module for measuring location of the aircraft to generate location information;
An INS module for outputting attitude information including the current speed and inclination of the aircraft;
A light detection and ranging (LiDAR) module configured to calculate laser survey data including reflection intensity and altitude information by measuring an elapsed time of returning the laser wave emitted from the aircraft to the target;
A DSD generation unit generating digital surface data using the laser survey data based on the positional information and attitude information of the aircraft; And
Using the location information included in the numerical surface data, the attribute information for each area of the numerical surface data is compared with the attribute information of the database and the land area information of the land use status map, and the land according to the comparison result. And an SD correction unit for updating land area information of the usage status map. The method of claim 1,
The SD correction unit
Flatten the numerical surface data or laser survey data to a predetermined size, and update the land use status by comparing the reflection intensity of each position with attribute information for each reflection intensity of the database using the position information. Device. The method of claim 2,
The SD correction unit
The attribute information of the same attribute regions is classified by distinguishing regions of the same attribute from the numerical surface data according to the reflection intensity values of the same size, and comparing the reflection intensity of the same attribute regions with the attribute information for each reflection intensity of the database. The land use present situation update device characterized by grasping. The method of claim 3, wherein
The SD correction unit
By comparing the attribute information of each region of the land use status map stored in the database and the attribute information of the same attribute regions sequentially for each corresponding region,
If the attribute information of the land use state diagram and the information of the newly detected same attribute area are the same, the attribute information of the land use state diagram is maintained,
And when the attribute information of the land use state diagram and the information of the newly detected same attribute area are different, correct the attribute information of the land use state diagram with newly detected attribute information. Measuring location of the aircraft to generate location information;
Outputting attitude information including the current speed and inclination of the aircraft;
Calculating laser survey data including reflection intensity and altitude information by measuring an elapsed time of returning the laser wave provided to the aircraft to the object;
Generating digital surface data using the laser survey data based on position information and attitude information of the aircraft; And
Using the location information included in the numerical surface data, the attribute information for each area of the numerical surface data is compared with the attribute information of the database and the land area information of the land use status map, and the land according to the comparison result. And updating the land use information of the land use map. The method of claim 5, wherein
The land area information update step of the land use status map
Planarizing the numerical surface data or the laser survey data to a predetermined size, and comparing the reflection intensity of each position with attribute information for each reflection intensity of the database by using the position information. How to update the status diagram. The method according to claim 6,
Comparing the reflection intensity of each position with the attribute information for each reflection intensity of the database
The attribute information of the same attribute regions is classified by distinguishing regions of the same attribute from the numerical surface data according to the reflection intensity values of the same size, and comparing the reflection intensity of the same attribute regions with the attribute information for each reflection intensity of the database. Land use status update method comprising the step of identifying. The method of claim 7, wherein
Identifying the attribute information of the same attribute regions, respectively
The attribute information of each region of the land use state diagram stored in the database and the attribute information of the same attribute regions are sequentially compared for each corresponding region, so that the attribute information of the land use state diagram and the newly detected same attribute region If the information is the same, the property information of the land use status map is maintained, and if the property information of the land use status map and the information of the newly detected same property area are different, the property information of the land use status map is corrected with newly detected property information. The land use status update method further comprising the step of.

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