KR101179664B1 - Compressed air energy storage and electricity generation systems connected with offshore wind farm - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wind power generation compressed air storage and power generation system.
Wind power generation-type compressed air storage and power generation system according to the present invention is driven by the energy generated by the wind power generator and wind power generator to generate energy by rotating the windmill by the wind, the compressor for sucking and compressing air, and compression It is provided with a compressed air storage and power generation apparatus including a reservoir for storing the compressed air and a turbine driven by the air supplied from the reservoir to generate electricity.

Description

Compressed air energy storage and electricity generation systems connected with offshore wind farm}

The present invention relates to an energy storage and power generation system, and more particularly, to a compressed air energy storage and power generation system that compresses and stores air and then rotates a turbine to generate compressed air.

Energy storage technology, especially power storage technology, can be divided into three main purposes. The first is to supply electricity without interruption until the power supply is resumed if the power supply is suddenly stopped due to an accident. That is, power is stored in order to operate an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) at the time of power interruption.

The second is to prepare for the case where the supply of electric power is required in a specific time period, and the power storage for load management. That is, as shown in the table of FIG. 1, the power consumption is concentrated at a certain time of day and decreases in the middle of the night, the base supply power, such as nuclear power generation is difficult to control the load during power generation when surplus power is generated when power is generated at night There is no choice but to. Therefore, the surplus power generated by the late-night power generation can be stored to replace the peak power generation during the high-cost generation day, and the energy can be managed efficiently.

Third, the purpose is to improve the output characteristics in connection with the power generation system using renewable energy. The most difficult thing about putting renewables in the public power portfolio is the intermittent nature of renewables. For example, solar and wind power, which is growing at the fastest speed in terms of capacity among the renewable energy technologies currently in operation, cannot be continuously generated and can be supplied only during the sun or wind (see FIG. 2). . In other words, current renewable energies have a problem that they cannot meet their needs during the day when they need the most power.

In this regard, the power storage system is capable of storing renewable power generated at a time other than the maximum load, such as a late night time, in an energy storage device and supplying power to the grid at a time (weekly) when the maximum power is required. In conjunction with, very synergistic effects can be achieved.

Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES), which compresses and stores air from various power storage systems and drives turbines with this compressed air, is considered to be suitable as a large-capacity power storage device. In particular, considering that pumping power generation, which was a large part of the existing large-scale power storage and power generation, is impossible to further construct due to environmental problems and location, CAES is recognized as the only large capacity power storage device. have.

On the other hand, wind power, which has been spotlighted as renewable energy, is classified into onshore wind power and offshore wind power depending on where the wind power generator is installed. Offshore wind power has better wind volume and quality than land. That is, as shown in Figure 3, assuming the same generation capacity, the height of the hub of the offshore wind turbine is lower than the hub of the onshore wind turbine, the diameter of the rotor is also small. In other words, the facility cost for the same power generation means that the offshore wind power is small, and on the contrary, when the same cost is based on the same equipment, it means that more power can be generated at sea than on land.

As described above, in order to use the offshore wind power with good air flow and air quality, it is required to combine the wind power and the compressed air energy storage system to overcome the intermittent power generation problem. Above all, in combining offshore wind power and CAES, development of offshore CAES structure suitable for offshore conditions is required.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, by using the energy obtained by the wind power is compressed and stored in the air at high pressure, the wind-driven compressed air storage and power generation that can be generated by driving the turbine with compressed air and The purpose is to provide a power generation system.

Wind power-linked compressed air storage and power generation system according to the present invention for achieving the above object is driven by the wind power generator for generating energy by rotating the windmill by the wind and the energy generated by the wind power generator, Compressed air storage and power generation apparatus including a compressor for sucking and compressing, a reservoir for storing the compressed air, and a turbine driven by air supplied from the reservoir for generating electricity.

In the present invention, the wind turbine is preferably installed on the shore or the sea to use the offshore wind power with excellent air quality and air volume.

In addition, the props for supporting the windmills in the wind turbine is empty inside the sealed state, the props may be used as a storage tank (storage tank) for storing the compressed air.

In addition, a plurality of wind turbines may be provided to form an offshore wind farm, and the compressor for compressing air may be provided individually for each wind generator or one per wind turbine.

The wind power generator may include the windmill rotating by wind, a low speed rotating shaft connected to the windmill, a rotary speed increasing unit to increase rotational speed by receiving rotational force from the low speed rotating shaft, and the low speed rotary unit connected to the rotary speed increasing unit. A main body including a high speed rotating shaft rotated at a high speed relative to the rotating shaft and the compressor supplied with power from the high speed rotating shaft, and a compressor supporting the main body, and the support base supporting the main body. Instead, it may serve to provide power to the compressor.

In addition, a plurality of wind turbines are provided and constituted by wind farms, and the turbines may be fixedly installed in a state capable of being interconnected with props of the respective wind turbines.

However, the turbine is not fixedly installed, but may be installed on a ship moving in the sea, and the ship in which the turbine is installed approaches the respective wind turbines and interconnects the shores of the turbine and the wind turbines to the turbines from the shores. Compressed air can be supplied. In particular, a system in which a turbine is carried on a ship is useful when a plurality of offshore wind farms are formed.

On the other hand, in one embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir may be formed underground on land, in which case the reservoir is structurally preferable to be formed in a cylindrical shape.

In connection with the wind power generation and compressed air storage and power generation apparatus as in the present invention, it is possible to optimize the transmission and distribution facilities of the wind power generation, there is an advantage that the constant output is guaranteed to improve the quality of power.

In addition, in the wind power generation can not control the amount of power generation can not supply electricity suitable for day time and midnight time, but in conjunction with the compressed air storage and power generation device as in the present invention can be optimally generated according to the power consumption by time zone efficiency This is improved.

In addition, the present invention provides an optimal facility for using the wind power generator tower as a storage tank or as a storage tank for linking with the marine wind power generation, or by installing a turbine on a ship and operating it in a portable manner. do.

1 is a table showing a load according to time slots for explaining the purpose of electricity storage.
Figure 2 is a table showing the amount of power generation by time to show the intermittent which is a disadvantage of wind power generation.
3 is a table for comparing the onshore wind power and the offshore wind power.
4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wind turbine-generated compressed air storage and power generation system according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view for explaining the configuration of the wind power generator shown in FIG.
6 is a view for explaining a position where the wind power generator is installed.
7 is a view showing a state in which the wind turbine is installed floating on the sea.
8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wind turbine-generated compressed air storage and power generation system according to a second embodiment.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be described in more detail with respect to wind power generation-type compressed air storage and power generation system according to the present invention.

4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wind turbine-generated compressed air storage and power generation system according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a schematic view for explaining the configuration of the wind turbine shown in FIG. 4.

4 and 5, the wind turbine-associated compressed air storage and power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of wind turbines 140 and compressed air storage and power generation apparatus 190. Equipped.

Wind power generator 140 is for producing electricity by the windmill rotated by the wind, is a known device that various forms have been developed. Thus, the wind power generator 140 will be schematically described with reference to FIG. 5 only in the basic configuration.

Referring to FIG. 5, the wind generator 140 includes a windmill 110, a main body 120, and a support base 130. The windmill 110 is configured to be freely rotated by the wind, the main body 120 supports the windmill 110 to be rotatable, and produces electricity by using the rotational force of the windmill 110.

That is, the main body 120 is provided with a low speed rotation shaft 111 connected to the windmill 110, and the low speed rotation shaft 111 is coupled to a large diameter gear 121, the gear 121 is a small diameter gear Meshes with (122). Therefore, the small diameter gear 121 is rotated at a high speed relative to the large diameter gear 121, and the high speed rotation shaft 123 coupled to the small gear 122 is rotated very fast compared to the low speed rotation shaft 111. The high speed rotation shaft 123 is connected to the generator 124 to produce electricity. Of course, the inside of the wind turbine body 120 shown in FIG. 5 schematically shows a configuration for explaining the principle of power generation, and the actual device has a very complicated configuration.

And the support stand 130 supports the windmill 110 and the main body 120, the strength and quality of the wind blowing into the windmill is determined according to the height of the support stand 130. That is, since the wind strength is proportional to 7 square roots in height, it is preferable that the windmill 110 is disposed high to improve power generation efficiency. For example, when the height of the support pole 130 is doubled, the wind speed is increased by 10%, and the amount of power generation is known to increase by 34%.

When the height of the support stand 130 is increased, the diameter of the support stand 130 also increases, so that the space inside the support stand 130 is also widely secured. In addition, the holding base 130 is made of a steel material is very high in strength.

Although the wind generator 140 having the above-described configuration may be installed on land that is not adjacent to the sea, in the present embodiment, it is installed on the shore or the sea. And a plurality of wind generators 140 are installed to create a wind farm.

The reason why the wind turbine 140 is installed on the coast is that the sea has better wind speed and wind speed than the land, and the wind blows constantly as described in the related art.

Here, the meaning that the wind turbine is installed on the shore, as shown in (a), (b), (c) of Figure 6, as well as the case of being installed on the beach, as well as the case of being supported on the seabed of the shallow sea do. That is, a general case is a case where a wind turbine is supported on the shore or shallow sea bottom adjacent to the sea. And the wind turbine 140 is installed on the sea, as shown in Figure 6 (d), it means a form floating in the sea using a floating structure and the like. When the wind generator 140 is installed in a floating manner, it is possible to control the displacement of the wind generator floating in the sea by fixing the anchor (k) to the sea floor.

And, in the floating type, as shown in (d) of FIG. 6, each wind generator may be floated separately, but as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of wind generators 140 may be installed on the floating body f. It may be.

Meanwhile, the compressed air storage and power generation apparatus 190 includes a compressor 150, a reservoir 160, and a turbine 170.

Compressor 150 is a known device for compressing air at high pressure. In this embodiment, the air is compressed to about 50 to 70 bar by using the compressor 150 and stored in the storage tank 160. In addition, in the present embodiment, the compressor 150 may be provided for each wind generator 140 one by one, and the plurality of wind generators 140 may share one compressor 150.

That is, the reservoir 160 is for storing the air compressed by the compressor 150. In the first embodiment, the support base 130 of the wind turbine 140 is used as the reservoir 160. As described above, since the support base 130 is made of a steel material and ensures rigidity, it can withstand the pressure of the compressed air. In addition, the diameter of the support stand 130 increases in proportion to the height of the windmill 110, when the windmill is placed high as in this embodiment, the space inside the support stand 130 is also widened to store a considerable amount of compressed air. To provide space.

In particular, in order to use the holding stand 130 as a storage tank, the sealing of the holding stand 130 should be secured. In general, the holding post 130 is not formed as a single body, but a plurality of tubular units 131 are stacked and assembled by coupling means such as bolts b and nuts n. In this embodiment, in order to secure the airtightness of the support base 130, a sealing material 132 such as a gasket or an O-ring is interposed between the units 131.

And the lower portion of the support 130 is provided with an access plug 133 that can be compressed air flows into or out of the reservoir. When the compressor 150 is connected to the access plug 133, the compressed air is introduced into the reservoir 160, and when the turbine 170 to be described later is connected, the compressed air is discharged from the reservoir 160.

As described above, although the compressor 150 or the turbine 170 may be selectively connected to the access plug 133, two ports are formed at the access plug 133 to connect both the compressor 150 and the turbine 170. In this state, the reservoir 160 may be selectively connected to the compressor 150 or the turbine 170 using a valve (not shown).

In the first embodiment, the compressor 150 is installed next to each of the wind turbines 140, but the turbines 170 are installed one by one in the plurality of reservoirs 160. That is, the turbine 170 is provided with a plurality of connection ports 171 are connected to each reservoir 160, the turbine 170 and the reservoir 160 is selectively connected by a multi-way valve (not shown).

However, although the turbine 170 may be installed to be fixed as shown in FIG. 4, when the wind farm is widely distributed on the sea, as shown in FIG. 7, the turbine 170 may be installed to be movable.

That is, when the wind generator 140 is installed at sea as shown in FIG. 6 (c), (d) or FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 7, the ship 180 in which the turbine 170 is installed is moved. While connecting the reservoir 160 and the turbine 170 can be generated. Electric power produced by the turbine 170 is transmitted to a facility on land through the cable 181. Of course, the compressor can be installed in the ship as in the turbine, but the compressor is preferably installed fixed to each wind turbine 140 in consideration of the size and economy.

Hereinafter, the operation of the wind turbine-generated compressed air storage and power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment will be described.

Power generated from the wind turbine 140 supplies power to a motor (not shown) connected to the compressor, and the motor (not shown) rotates to operate the compressor 150. The compressor 150 compresses air into the reservoir 160, and the final air pressure is about 50 to 70 bar as described above. Of course, the final pressure may be as low as 25bar, or higher than 70bar depending on the conditions, the above pressure range is only one example.

In addition, the air is compressed as one compressor is used to compress the target pressure at a time. However, the compressor is compressed in multiple stages using a plurality of compressors to reach the target pressure. C) is installed to cool the heated air by compression. And before the air finally enters the reservoir 160 is subjected to a cooling process.

When the compressed air stored in the reservoir 160 is discharged, it is not immediately introduced into the turbine, but through a heat exchanger (not shown). In addition, although a turbine may use a single turbine having a wide pressure range, it is possible to expand compressed air in multiple stages by connecting a high pressure turbine and a low pressure turbine having different pressure ranges in series. When the high pressure turbine and the low pressure turbine are connected in series, the compressed air discharged from the storage tank 160 may be compressed again using a separate booster compressor (not shown) to be introduced into the heat exchanger. In addition, by connecting the high pressure turbine and the low pressure turbine in parallel, it is possible to use the turbine in accordance with the pressure range of the air discharged from the reservoir 160.

Compressed air through the heat exchanger is introduced into the turbine 170 and combusted together with the fuel supplied separately, the combustion gas rotates the turbine, and the burned gas is discharged after passing through the heat exchanger again.

Subsequently, since the compressed air discharged from the storage tank 160 receives heat from the hot combustion gas in the heat exchanger, the compressed air is preheated before being introduced into the turbine 170 to improve power generation efficiency. That is, the first compressed air discharged from the storage tank 160 passes through the heat exchanger but is introduced into the turbine without being preheated because there is no target for heat transfer, but the compressed air subsequently introduced into the turbine is separated from the combustion gas after combustion. Heat exchange to preheat.

In addition, in the turbine, air does not expand at once, but goes through two stages of high pressure turbine and low pressure turbine. That is, in a high pressure turbine, compressed air having a pressure of about 70 bar is expanded to be discharged to about 25 bar, and then is expanded at a low pressure turbine to be discharged at a pressure of about 1 bar. As the turbine runs, a generator (not shown) connected to the turbine produces power.

Until now, the air is compressed using the electricity produced by the wind turbine 140, and then described as storing the compressed air by using the holding post 130 of the wind turbine 140 as the storage tank 160, In a second embodiment, a separate compressed air reservoir is installed on land. A second embodiment of this type is shown in FIG. 8. 8 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine-generated compressed air storage and power generation system 200 according to a second embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 8, the reservoir 260 is formed in a cylindrical silo type underground, and the compressor 250 and the turbine 270 are installed on the ground. The turbine 270 is connected to the generator 280. The reservoir 260 is connected to the compressor 250 or the turbine 270 through the valve v to exchange the compressed air.

Although the storage tank 260 formed underground may be formed in a tunnel type such as an oil storage base, it is structurally safe to form a cylinder in consideration of the pressure of compressed air. In this embodiment, the upper portion of the reservoir 260 is formed in a dome shape, the diameter of the reservoir 260 is approximately 50m, the height is formed of 50 ~ 70m.

However, the existing construction method is not easy to build a large cylindrical reservoir 260 as described above in the underground core. In this embodiment, a unique method is employed to form the reservoir 260 described above. First, upper and lower rampways 201 and 202 which are accessible to the upper side and the lower side of the reservoir 260 are respectively formed, and a boundary line 203 is formed spirally along the outer circumferential surface of the reservoir 260 to be constructed.

Then, the upper space 205 and the lower space 206 are respectively excavated from the upper rampway 202 and the lower rampway 201, and the waste-rock due to the excavation is again discharged between the upper space 205 and the lower space 206. The discharge gang 204 can be formed.

Thereafter, the rock between the upper space 205 and the lower space 206 is blasted stepwise to excavate. The waste-rock generated by the excavation is dropped through the discharge gang 204, and the dump truck is discharged to the ground through the rampway. In addition, during the blasting, various equipment and personnel can be evacuated to the lower side along the boundary road 203 to prevent safety accidents. And since the boundary road 203 in the excavation of the reservoir 206 is the outer excavation limit surface, workers can facilitate the excavation work while checking the boundary road.

In the second embodiment, the wind generator 240 is illustrated as being installed on land, but this is only an example and may be installed on land or at sea. When installed at sea, the power produced by the wind turbine 240 is transmitted to the land through a cable (not shown) and used to operate the compressor 250.

In addition, in the second embodiment, after the electricity is produced by the wind power generator 240, the process of compressing air and rotating the turbine to produce electricity is the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

Meanwhile, in the first and second embodiments, the wind power generators 140 and 240 produce electricity and are described as driving the compressor motor using the electricity. However, the wind power generator does not necessarily produce electricity. It can also be driven.

That is, in the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the air is stored in the props of the wind turbine, but the difference from the first embodiment is that a compressor is installed in the wind generator instead of the generator. In other words, in the first embodiment, after the rotation of the windmill is changed from the rotation speed increasing gear (gear box) to the high speed rotation, the generator generates power while the high speed rotation shaft rotates, but in the third embodiment, the high speed rotation shaft is connected to the compressor. It is a way to directly compress the air in the body of the wind power generator to store in the holding base (130). In addition, since power generation is performed by a turbine or a mobile turbine fixedly installed, the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, it is possible to overcome the disadvantages of wind power generation through a system that generates electricity by storing the compressed air using electricity produced through wind power and then operating the turbine again.

That is, in the case of wind power generation, the output change of the wind power generator is severe according to the change of the wind volume and the wind speed. Accordingly, in the case of a large-scale complex, a large-scale complex causes a problem of the power system, and thus requires a large-scale transmission and distribution facility. However, in conjunction with compressed air storage and power generation equipment, transmission and distribution facilities can be optimized and power output can be guaranteed to improve the quality of power.

In addition, it is impossible to control the amount of power generated in wind power generation, so it is not possible to supply electricity for daytime and midnight hours. However, when combined with compressed air storage and power generation equipment, the power generation can be optimally generated according to power consumption according to time zones.

In addition, the present invention provides an optimal facility for using the wind power generator tower as a storage tank or as a storage tank for linking with the marine wind power generation, or by installing a turbine on a ship and operating it in a portable manner. do.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation and that those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made therein. It will be possible. Accordingly, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

100.200 ... Wind power linked compressed air storage and power generation system
110 ... windmill 120 ... main body
130 ... Shore 140,240 ... Wind Power Generator
150,250 ... compressor 160,260 ... reservoir
170,270 ... turbine 180 ... ship

Claims (10)

A wind generator for generating energy by rotating the windmill by the wind; And
Compression driven by the energy generated by the wind turbine, including a compressor for sucking and compressing air, a reservoir for storing the compressed air, and a turbine driven by the air supplied from the reservoir to generate electricity An air storage and power generation device;
The props for supporting the windmills in the wind turbine are empty inside the sealed state,
Wind power generation linked compressed air storage and power generation system, characterized in that the prop is used as a storage tank for storing the compressed air. The method of claim 1,
The wind turbine is a wind power linked air storage and power generation system, characterized in that installed on the coast or offshore. delete The method of claim 1,
The wind generator is provided in plurality,
The compressor for compressing air is a wind turbine-associated compressed air storage and power generation system, characterized in that provided separately for each wind turbine. The method of claim 1,
The wind power generator,
The windmill rotated by the wind,
A low speed rotation shaft connected to the windmill, a rotation speed increase unit for increasing rotation speed by receiving rotational force from the low speed rotation shaft, and a high speed rotation shaft connected to the rotation speed increase unit and rotating at a high speed relative to the low speed rotation shaft and the high speed rotation shaft A main body including the compressor to receive air and compress the air;
Including the holding post for supporting the main body,
The wind turbine generator is connected to the wind power storage and power generation system, characterized in that for providing power to the compressor instead of power generation. The method of claim 1,
The wind generator is provided in plurality,
The compressor for compressing air is a wind turbine-associated compressed air storage and power generation system, characterized in that provided in one or a plurality of wind turbine units. The method of claim 1,
The wind generator is provided in plurality,
The turbine is a wind turbine-associated compressed air storage and power generation system, characterized in that the turbine is fixedly installed in a state capable of being interconnected with the props of each wind turbine. The method of claim 1,
The wind turbine is provided in plurality at sea,
The turbine is installed on a ship moving at sea,
The ship having the turbine is connected to each of the wind turbines connected to each other and the pillars of the wind turbine and the wind turbine is connected to the compressed air supplied to the turbine from the pillars, characterized in that the compressed air storage and power generation system . delete delete

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