KR101173994B1 - artificial leather - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an artificial leather having excellent antibacterial and deodorizing properties, wherein the artificial leather is impregnated with a polymer elastomer in a nonwoven fabric in which microfibers having a single yarn fineness of 0.001 to 0.3 denier are intertwined with each other, and the microfibers are formed on the surface thereof. And a porous zeolite having an average diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 μm in the microfiber, and containing 0.1 to 5 wt% of the total weight of the microfiber.

The present invention is excellent in antibacterial and deodorant at the same time, low cost and easy manufacturing process.

Artificial leather, antimicrobial, deodorant, vehicle, porous, zeolite, ceramics.

Description

Artificial leather {Artificial leather}

The present invention relates to an artificial leather having excellent antibacterial and deodorant properties, and more particularly, to a vehicle artificial leather having excellent antibacterial and deodorizing properties, low cost, and easy manufacturing process.

Artificial leather is composed of a nonwoven fabric in which microfibers are intertwined three-dimensionally and a polymer elastomer impregnated in the nonwoven fabric. The artificial leather has excellent feel, light effect and drape, and has a soft texture and unique appearance similar to that of natural leather. BACKGROUND ART It is widely used as a sheet skin material or interior material of a vehicle (hereinafter, referred to as "vehicle") for transportation such as trains and ships.

Artificial leather (abbreviated as "vehicle artificial leather") used as a vehicle material is required for durability and form stability against friction and external force, and is suitable for bending and mounting. This is required. In addition, recently, the artificial leather material is recognized as a highly sensitive material, and the application to the vehicle is increasing day by day, and antibacterial and deodorant as well as aesthetic elements such as a soft lighting effect are becoming very important.

In the prior art of manufacturing artificial leather, Korean Patent No. 0323637 discloses a sheet for manufacturing artificial leather and the sheet comprising a nonwoven fabric in which polyamide microfiber bundles having a single yarn fineness of 0.1 decitex or less are intertwined with each other and an elastomer contained in the nonwoven fabric. Has published artificial leather produced by buffing and dyeing.

In addition, the Republic of Korea Patent No. 0125109 is a first step of producing a non-woven fabric by short-fiberized islands-in-the-sea composite fiber having a single yarn fineness of 0.1 denier or less after sea component dissolution, and then opening, carding, cross-lapping, needle punching and ; A second step of smoothing and densifying the nonwoven fabric by compressing the nonwoven fabric with a heating roller; A third step of impregnating the polyurethane solution to which carbon black is added to the nonwoven fabric and then solidifying it; A fourth step of dissolving and removing the sea component in the nonwoven fabric; The fifth step of buffing and dyeing the nonwoven fabric from which the sea component is eluted is sequentially performed, and a method of manufacturing artificial leather is disclosed.

On the other hand, as a prior art that gives antimicrobial to artificial leather in Korea Patent Publication No. 2001-105991, when manufacturing artificial leather, an inorganic antimicrobial agent is added to a polyurethane resin (elastic polymer) solution and impregnated it in a non-woven fabric made of microfiber The Korean Patent No. 0658094 discloses a method of adding an inorganic antimicrobial agent into the ultrafine fibers (figure component) constituting artificial leather.

However, the above-mentioned conventional methods do not impart only antibacterial to artificial leather, but do not impart deodorization. The antimicrobial property also has insufficient performance, or the average diameter of the added antimicrobial agent is relatively large, so that the surface area is reduced to obtain the desired antimicrobial activity. In order to increase the amount of antimicrobial agent added, manufacturing costs have increased, and manufacturing problems have also occurred.

An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle artificial leather that can solve the conventional problems occurring in the antimicrobial agent as described above and at the same time give a deodorant.

The present invention is to provide a vehicle artificial leather excellent antibacterial and deodorant at the same time low cost and easy manufacturing process.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the artificial leather according to the present invention is impregnated with a polymer elastomer in a nonwoven fabric in which microfibers having a single yarn fineness of 0.001 to 0.3 denier are intertwined with each other, and porous deodorant particles having an average diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 μm in the microfine fibers are microfine fibers. It is characterized by containing 0.1 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight.

The main components of the porous deodorant particles are aluminosilicate, zirconium phosphate, kappa zirconium phosphate, silica and the like, and more preferably zeolites of aluminosilicate series.

If the average particle diameter of the porous deodorant particles is less than 0.1㎛, the manufacturing process becomes difficult to manage, and if it exceeds 1.0㎛, the surface area is reduced, and the antimicrobial and deodorant improvement effect is lowered, and the spinning operation is poor.

If the content of the porous deodorant particles is less than 0.1% by weight relative to the total weight of the ultrafine fiber, the improvement effect of antimicrobial and deodorant properties is lowered.

It is preferable that the specific surface area of the porous deodorant particles is 800 m 2 / g or more, and the particle size is 100 to 350 nm. The porous zeolite is also preferably combined with at least one selected from silver (Ag) ions and zinc (Zn) ions to improve antimicrobial and deodorant properties.

Previously developed zeolites have a specific surface area of 350 nm or more or a very low specific surface area due to coagulation. In the case of commercialized representative zeolites, the specific surface area is mostly 100 m 2 / g or less, and in the case of zeolites recently developed by other companies, there have been many improvements to the level of 650 m 2 / g, but it is insufficient to effectively contribute to the present invention. In the present invention, the specific surface area of 800 m 2 / g or more was applied to artificial leather by synthesizing the particle size to 350nm or less and suppressing the intergranular phenomenon. By combining metal ions with excellent antimicrobial properties, it has both antimicrobial and deodorant properties.

In order to manufacture such a porous zeolite, a Y-type zeolite having a particle size of 350 nanometers is synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis, and then SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, H2O are combined in the process of combining metal ions such as silver and zinc having excellent antimicrobial properties. A solution made by mixing pure water, caustic soda, and sodium aluminate was added to the silica gel cooled to 5 ° C or less with a 10: 1: 4.3: 135 molar ratio, respectively, and then a high speed of 300 rpm or more using a stirrer with a disk stirrer. It is preferable to obtain nano-sized particles by rotating / stirring for 2 hours.

In the present invention, since the specific surface area is very large, the contact surface area is large, which greatly improves the antibacterial and deodorant properties. Since the particle size is also very small, the dispersion state of the particles is good when applied to the spinning process and can greatly improve the antibacterial and deodorant properties.

If the particle size is 250nm or less, it is more preferable for antibacterial and deodorant improvement.

The polymer elastomer is a polyurethane resin, a polyurea resin, or the like, and a polyurethane resin is most preferable in view of workability.

The ultrafine fibers are polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, and the like, but the present invention does not specifically limit the kind of ultrafine fibers.

Single yarn fineness of the ultrafine fibers is 0.001 ~ 0.3 denier.

If the single yarn fineness is less than 0.001 denier, the strength of the artificial leather is lowered. If the single yarn fineness is more than 0.3 denier, the touch and lighting effect of the artificial leather is lowered.

In the present invention, various physical properties of artificial leather for vehicles are evaluated by the following method.

? Antibacterial

The antimicrobial activity of artificial leather was evaluated by KS M 0146 (Shake Flask method).

The low antimicrobial values were taken for the two strains and the results were expressed as strain reduction rates.

? Deodorant

The removal rate for formaldehyde and ammonia gas was shown by gas detection tube method, respectively. The main conditions were evaluated under the following conditions.

Initial Concentration: Ammonia 400ppm, Formaldehyde 58ppm

Gas capacity: 2L

Treatment time: 1hr (Time elapsed by adding sample into plastic bag)

Sample size: 10 × 10 cm

? Porosity Deodorant  Particle size

Analyzed by PSA evaluation method and means the average size of the porous deodorant particles.

? In fiber  Contained porosity Deodorant  Average diameter

The sample cut in the fiber cross-sectional direction is measured by converting the magnification size by SEM photograph reading, and means the average value obtained by evaluating 10 times per sample as the diameter of the longest direction in the continuous phase of the distributed zeolite.

Next, an example of a method of manufacturing the vehicle artificial leather according to the present invention will be described in detail.

First, in the present invention, an island-in-the-sea composite fiber composed of sea component which is an alkali-soluble copolyester and dispersed in the sea component and contains 0.1 to 5% by weight of the porous zeolite as described above, has a single yarn fineness of 0.001 to 0.3 denier. After the short fibers, it is opened, carded, cross-wrapped and needle punched to produce a nonwoven fabric.

In the present invention, the porous island zeolite described above is synthesized and stirred in the polymer constituting the island component when composite spinning the island-in-the-sea composite fiber, and then 0.1 to 5% by weight of the island component is added. The average diameter of the particles distributed after spinning was set to 0.1 to 1 m.

Next, the composite sheet impregnated with the polymer elastic body in the nonwoven fabric and then treated with an aqueous alkali solution to elute the sea component to the composite sheet impregnated with the polymer elastic body in the nonwoven fabric intertwined microfibers having a single yarn fineness of 0.001 ~ 0.3 denier Manufacture.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, the nonwoven fabric prepared as described above may be first treated with an aqueous alkali solution to elute the sea component, and then impregnated with the polymer elastomer.

Alkali-soluble copolyester as the sea component has polyethylene terephthalate as a main component, and is an additional component with a molecular weight of 400 to 20000, most preferably 1000 to 4000 polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedicar Acids, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,4-butanediol, 2, 2,4-trimethyl 1,3-propanediol and copolyester obtained by copolymerizing 25% by weight or less of one or two or more selected from adipic acid.

Polyurethane resins, polyurea resins, polyacrylic acid resins, and the like may be used as the polymer elastomer, but polyurethane resins are preferable in terms of processed tablets, abrasion resistance, and hydrolysis resistance.

The weight ratio of the fibrous base composed of the polymer elastomer / fine fiber is preferably 10/90 to 70/30.

When the weight ratio of the polymer elastomer is less than 10% by weight, the cushioning property is too low, and when it exceeds 70% by weight, the feel and light effect are too low.

The method of filling the polymer elastomer may be applied by wet coagulation or dry coagulation after impregnating and / or applying the organic solvent solution or the aqueous dispersion of the polymer elastomer to the nonwoven fabric.

As an organic solvent of a high molecular elastic body, toluene, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc. other than polar solvents, such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide, can be used.

Next, the artificial leather for the vehicle is manufactured by buffing and dyeing the composite sheet prepared as described above and impregnated with the polymer elastic body in the microfiber nonwoven fabric.

Vehicle artificial leather of the present invention described above is excellent in antibacterial and deodorant at the same time, low cost and easy manufacturing process.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

However, the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

Example 1

A polyester comprising a sea component of an alkali-soluble copolyester dispersed in the sea component and having an average diameter of 0.2 μm, a specific surface area of 850 m 2 / g, and containing 3% by weight of porous zeolite containing silver ions relative to the total weight of the ceramic component The island-in-the-sea composite fiber composed of 70 resin components (single yarn fineness of 0.05 islands: 0.05 denier) is cut into a length of 50 mm, short-fiberized, and the laminated web of the island-in-the-sea composite short fibers is processed through a carding and cross wrapper process. After manufacturing, needle punching was performed to prepare a nonwoven fabric of island-in-the-sea composite fiber.

Next, the prepared nonwoven fabric was impregnated with 40% by weight of polyurethane resin to the nonwoven fabric, and then wet-coagulated, and then dissolved in seawater components in the island-in-the-sea composite fiber by treating with an aqueous alkali solution (caustic soda solution). Prepared.

Next, the artificial sheet was manufactured by buffing and dyeing the composite sheet using a brush.

The results of evaluating the physical properties of the manufactured car artificial leather are shown in Table 1.

Example  2

Vehicle artificial leather was manufactured by the same process as Example 1 except that the porous zeolite of Example 1 contained 1% by weight based on the weight of the ceramic component.

Example 3

A vehicle artificial leather was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the porous zeolite of Example 1 contained 0.3 wt% based on the weight of the ceramic component.

Comparative Example 1

Vehicle artificial leather was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that porous zeolite having an average diameter of 2.0 μm and a specific surface area of 250 m 2 / g were contained in the island component of the island-in-the-sea composite fiber of Example 1. .

Comparative Example  2

An artificial leather for a vehicle was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.05 wt% of porous zeolite was contained in the island component of the island-in-the-sea composite fiber of Example 1.

Comparative Example 3

An artificial leather for a vehicle was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 10 wt% of porous zeolite was contained in the island component constituting the island-in-the-sea composite fiber of Example 1.

The results of evaluating the physical properties of the manufactured vehicle artificial leather are shown in Table 1.

division Zeolite
Average diameter (㎛) Within
Zeolite content Zeolite
area Antimicrobial activity
(Strain reduction rate) Deodorant Formaldehyde removal rate Ammonia removal rate Example 1 0.2 3 850 99.9% 85% 87% Example 2 0.2 One 850 99.9% 77% 80% Example 3 0.2 0.3 850 99.5% 65% 69% Comparative Example 1 2 3 250 65.0% 25% 36% Comparative Example 2 0.2 0.05 850 75.5% 42% 40% Comparative Example 3 0.2 10 850 Sample production is impossible due to poor radiooperability

* Antimicrobial activity was judged to have an effective action if more than 99%, deodorant activity was judged to have an effective action if more than 50%.

The present invention is excellent in the antibacterial and deodorant formed on the surface at the same time low cost and easy manufacturing process.

Claims (7)

A polymer elastic body is impregnated in a nonwoven fabric in which microfibers having a single yarn fineness of 0.001 to 0.3 denier are intertwined with each other, and porous deodorant particles having an average diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 μm in the microfibers contain 0.1 to 5 wt% of the total weight of the microfibers. Artificial leather characterized in that. The artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the main component of the porous deodorant particles is one selected from the group consisting of zirconium phosphate, kappa zirconium phosphate, aluminosilicate and silica. The artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the porous deodorant particles is 800 m 2 / g or more. The artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the average diameter of the porous deodorant particles is 100 to 350 nm. The artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein at least one selected from the group of porous deodorant particles, silver (Ag) ions and zinc (Zn) ions, is bonded. The artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the polymer elastomer is one selected from a polyurethane resin and a polyurea resin. The artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the porous deodorant particles are porous zeolites.