KR101162741B1 - Auto metering system using real-time protocol - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A remote metering system using real-time protocol is provided to enable a resident of each household to confirm information detected in real-time through an information terminal. CONSTITUTION: A remote metering system using real-time protocol comprises multiple meters(10,20,30,40,50), a remote metering unit(60), a relay unit(70), and a central control unit(90). The remote metering unit is connected to the meters and receives metered data from the meters. The relay unit relays the metered data to the central control unit. The central control unit is connected to the relay unit and collects the metered data. And the central control unit meters the amount of used of each meter using the metered data.

Description

Auto metering system using real-time protocol

The present invention relates to a remote meter reading system using a real-time protocol for reading the amount of water, hot water, gas, heating and the like in real time using a real-time protocol.

The remote meter reading system uses electricity, gas, water, hot water, calories, etc. installed in apartment houses or offices.The meter reads the meter automatically at the metering center of the management office without visiting the household. A system that can search and print. These remote metering systems can simplify office work, manage energy demand, manage safety, and maximize business efficiency.

The remote metering system includes a plurality of digital meters such as electricity meters, gas meters, water meters, hot water meters, calorimeters, an integrated meter unit that receives meter data from each digital meter, and an integrated meter data unit from each integrated meter unit. It consists of a central control unit.

The integrated meter unit receives meter data from each digital meter. In addition, the central control unit collects the integrated meter reading data from the integrated meter reading unit for each generation and notifies the meter reading manager to identify the current generation of energy use and charge.

However, the remote meter reading system according to the prior art can only read the cumulative usage amount of each generation meter, it can not read the real-time usage of electricity, water, heating, hot water, gas and the like.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide a remote meter reading system using a real-time protocol to remotely read the amount of water, hot water, gas, heating and the like using a real-time protocol in real time.

In addition, the present invention is to provide a remote meter reading system using a real-time protocol that can be used to check the real-time usage by providing information read in real time to the information terminal of each generation.

The remote meter reading system using a real-time protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention for realizing the above object is a water meter, a gas meter, a hot water meter to measure the amount of electricity, water, gas, hot water, and heating, respectively. And a plurality of meters including facility meters, such as calorimeters, to communicate with the plurality of meters, receive meter data from the plurality of meters according to a real time protocol, store the meter data in its own memory, and store meter data of each meter A remote meter reading device which transmits to the electricity meter at intervals, the meter reading data collected by the remote meter reading device according to the real-time protocol by a communication device and a relay device, and the meter reading device connected to the remote meter reading device through the relay device. Request the meter reading data to the remote meter reading device Granulation to collect meter data received from the database and a central control device to meter the amount of each meter per generation using the meter data.

As described above, the present invention can remotely read the amount of water, hot water, gas, heating, etc. using a real time protocol in real time.

In addition, the present invention may provide convenience for the user to check the amount of usage in real time by providing information read in real time to the information terminal of each generation.

1 is a block diagram showing a remote meter reading system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the power meter shown in FIG. 1.
3A and 3B illustrate a format of a polling protocol and a real-time protocol for communication between a facility meter and a remote metering device shown in FIG. 1.
4A and 4B illustrate a real-time protocol structure for communication between a electricity meter and a remote metering apparatus related to the present invention.
5 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a real-time protocol related to the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a remote meter reading system and method related to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram showing a remote meter reading system according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the power meter shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the remote meter reading system according to the present invention includes an energy meter (EM) 10 and a water meter (WM) 20, and a hot water meter (HM) 30. ), A plurality of meters such as a gas meter (GM) 40, a calorie meter (CM) 50, a remote meter reading device 60, a repeater 70, an interface unit 80, a center The control device 90 is included.

A plurality of meters are installed for each generation, and the amount of electricity, gas, heating (heat), water, hot water, etc. is used to output the metering data. The metering data is output as a digital signal or an analog signal (pulse signal).

The electricity meter 10 measures an electricity consumption of a generation and includes a current measuring unit 11, a voltage measuring unit 12, a calculating unit 13, a communication unit 14, a memory 15, and a display unit 16. do.

The current measuring unit 11 and the voltage measuring unit 12 of the electricity meter 10 measure the current and the voltage supplied to the load, respectively. The calculation unit 13 calculates the amount of electric energy supplied for a predetermined time using the measured current and voltage.

In addition, the communication unit 14 of the electricity meter 10 includes an RS-485 communication module and a DC Power Line Communication (DCPLC) communication module for communication with a higher level device (eg, a remote reading device, a relay device). When the communication unit 14 includes a DCPLC communication module, the electricity meter 10 communicates with a digital equipment meter (water meter, hot water meter, gas meter, calorimeter) through DCPLC communication to receive metering data from each equipment meter. Can be. Therefore, the electricity meter 10 having the DCPLC communication module may perform not only electricity consumption metering but also collect metering data of facility meters such as a remote meter reading device.

The memory 15 is implemented as a nonvolatile memory, in which metered electricity usage is stored or data metered through each meter are stored. That is, the amount of electricity, heating, water, hot water, gas, and preliminary meter is stored in the memory 15.

The display unit 16 displays an integrated amount of each of the power meter 10, the water meter 20, the hot water meter 30, the gas meter 40, and the calorimeter 50. At this time, the display unit 16 displays the integrated amount of each meter in a predetermined order. The display unit 16 may be implemented as a liquid crystal display (LCD).

The terminal control board (TCB) 60 receives real-time usage and / or accumulated usage from each meter as metering data and stores it in its own memory (not shown). In addition, the remote meter reading device 60 transmits meter reading data of each facility meter stored in the own memory to the electricity meter 10 at a predetermined time interval (for example, 1 minute) to display the display 16 of the electricity meter 10. ) And transmit the meter reading data to the relay device (70).

The remote meter reading device 60 performs data communication with facility meters, such as water meter 20, hot water meter 30, gas meter 40, calorimeter 50 through DCPLC communication, RS-485 serial communication Transmit and receive data with the electricity meter 10 through.

The relay control unit (DCU) 70 is a connection device between the remote meter reading device 60 and the interface unit 80, and is configured to connect up to 256 remote meter reading devices 60.

The relay device 70 transmits meter reading data of each meter collected by the remote meter reading device 60 to the central control device 90 through the interface unit 80 at the request of the central monitoring device 90. In addition, the relay device 70 has a read / write function so that the settings of the lower devices (a power meter and a remote metering device) can be changed under the control of the central control device 90. For example, the relay device 70 may change the cipher, display setting, and display time setting of the electricity meter.

An interface unit (IF) 80 is a connection device between the central control unit 90 and the relay device 70, and serves to convert RS-485 communication into RS-232 communication. That is, the interface unit 80 transmits the data received from the relay device 70 through RS-485 communication to the central control device 90, which is an upper device, using RS-232 communication. On the contrary, the interface unit 80 transmits the data provided from the central control unit 90 through the RS-232 communication to the relay device 70 through the RS-485 communication.

The central control unit 90 collects and uses the amount of electricity, water, hot water, gas, heating, and preliminary meter supplied for each household to a database. The central control apparatus 90 allows the administrator to create various reports using the database meter reading data to perform convenient billing and management.

The central control apparatus 90 includes a computer body, a monitor, a printer, and the like, and meter reading software is stored in an internal memory of the computer body. Through the metering software, the central relationship unit 90 reads the amount of meter used for each household metered through each meter, and checks whether there is a problem with the meter. The central control apparatus 90 checks the states of the relay apparatus 70 and the interface unit 80 and displays them on the display.

The central control apparatus 90 performs various statistical tasks such as analysis of meter reading data by period / day / hourly usage by generation and period / monthly / daily usage analysis by building. In addition, the central control apparatus 90 may store the meter reading data in a specific file format (for example, Excel) or print it with a printer. In addition, the central control apparatus 90 enables the remote meter reading server and the home network server to search for energy usage in each household.

In addition, the central control unit 90 transmits real-time meter reading data to the information terminal through wired or wireless communication, so that the user can check the current usage. The information terminal may be implemented as a portable terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computer, or the like.

3A and 3B illustrate a format of a polling protocol and a real-time protocol for communication between a facility meter and a remote metering device shown in FIG. 1.

In the polling protocol illustrated in FIG. 3A, the remote meter 60 polls the accumulated metering data from a facility meter such as a water meter 20, a hot water meter 30, a gas meter 40, a calorimeter 50, and the like. Used when collecting with Auto Polling.

The cumulative meter data request message (frame) 100 includes a start field 101, an operation code 102, an address field 103, an error check field 104, and an end field 105. The cumulative meter data response message 110 includes a start field 111, an operation code 112, an address field 113, data 114, an error check field 115, and an end field 116. do.

The start fields 101 and 111 are start codes for distinguishing the attributes of the protocol. The start code is a fixed value, and its size is 1 byte. The start codes 101 and 111 for distinguishing the protocol attributes are shown in Table 1.

Start code Explanation 0x68 Used at upper network, used at remote meter-relay level 0xE1 Used to request real-time data from the meter 0xE9 Used for real-time data response from the meter 0xC0 Used to receive cumulative metering data from older meters

Therefore, the start fields 101 and 111 of the cumulative meter reading data request message 100 and the cumulative meter reading data response message 110 include a start code 0xC0.

In the OP code fields 102 and 112, instructions to be executed are defined.

The address of the equipment meter is input in the address field 103 of the cumulative meter reading data request message 100, and the cumulative meter data is requested in the address field 103 of the cumulative meter reading data response message 110. The address of the remote meter reading device 60 is transmitted.

Accumulated metering data is stored in the data field 114 of the cumulative metering data response message 110. At this time, the cumulative meter reading data is read by 3 bytes and up to 1 decimal place is allowed. Here, the decimal point is described as one digit below the decimal point for better understanding of the description, but the present invention is not limited thereto and may be variable.

The error check fields 104 and 115 further include a value obtained by adding a fixed value such as '0x7F' to a value obtained by adding bytes from the start fields 101 and 111 to the error check fields 104 and 115 before. Is entered.

The end fields 105 and 116 contain a specific value indicating the end of the message, the size of which is 1 byte. Here, the specific value depends on the start code entered in the start fields 101 and 111. For example, when the start code of the start fields 101 and 111 is '0xC0', the end fields 105 and 116 include '0xD0', and the start code of the start fields 101 and 111 is '0xE1'. '0xF0' is defined in the end fields 105 and 116.

The format of the real-time protocol shown in FIG. 3B is not only cumulative reading data from equipment meters such as water meter 20, hot water meter 30, gas meter 40, calorimeter 50, etc. ) Is used when the remote meter 60 collects in real time.

The real-time meter reading data request message 120 includes a start field 121, a data identification (DI) 122, a length field 123, an address field 124, an error check field 125, and an end field ( 126, the real-time meter reading data response message 130 includes a start field 131, a data identification field 132, a length field 133, an address field 134, data 135, an error code field 136 ), An error check field 137, and an end field 138.

The start fields 121 and 131 include start codes indicating protocol attributes. Referring to Table 1, 0xE1 is stored when real-time reading data is collected.

The data identification fields 122 and 132 define the purpose of the protocol. For example, when the protocol is used for real-time generational usage metering, the data identification fields 122 and 132 include unique values such as 0x42.

The length fields 123 and 133 include a data length.

The address fields 124 and 134 include an address of a facility meter, and the size thereof is 1 byte. Here, the address of the equipment meter is shown in Table 2.

Equipment address Water Meter (WM) 0x02 Hot Water Meter (HM) 0x03 Gas Meter (GM) 0x04 Calorie Meter (CM) 0x05 Special Meter (SP) 0x06

The data field 135 includes 4 bytes of accumulated meter reading data and 3 bytes of real-time instantaneous meter reading data. Here, the two meter reading data take up to the third digit after the decimal point. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the decimal point of the meter reading data may vary according to the facility meter.

The error code field 136 is composed of eight bits and represents an error generated through setting of each bit as shown in Table 3.

Error code Explanation Bit7-5 Reserved Bit4 Over Flow Error Bit3 Sensor Problem Error Bit2 Magnetic influence error Bit1 Memory error Bit0 Reverse flow error Bit Set (”1”): Error / Bit Clear (”0”): OK

The facility meter waits for a predetermined time (for example, 30mS) after receiving the real-time meter data request message and transmits a response message.

4A and 4B illustrate a real-time protocol structure for communication between a electricity meter and a remote metering apparatus related to the present invention.

The data shown in FIG. 4A is used when the remote reading device 60 sets a display mode such as a display item and a display time interval displayed on the display unit 16 of the electricity meter 10.

The point selection data 141 to be displayed on the display unit 16 of the electricity meter 10 is composed of bits to which selection items such as electricity (power transmission and reception), water, hot water, heating, and gas are respectively assigned. . The bit corresponding to the item to be displayed on the display unit 16 of the electricity meter 10 is set to one.

In addition, the remote meter reading device 60 may read / set the decimal places of the meter reading data displayed on the display unit 16 of the electricity meter 10. The decimal point digit setting data 143 selects one decimal place or one of two decimal places of the meter reading data for each item displayed on the display unit 16. 0 (one decimal place or less) or 1 (two decimal places or less) are defined in the bit for each item of the decimal place data 143, indicating a decimal place. For example, if the power transmission bit is set to 0, the electricity meter 10 displays the power transmission power to one digit below the decimal point, and if the power transmission bit is set to 1, the power meter 10 displays the power transmission power to two digits below the decimal point. .

The request message 150 and the response message 160 according to the real-time protocol used for the communication between the electricity meter 10 and the remote meter 60 shown in FIG. 4B include start fields STX1 and STX2 151 and 161. , Facility meter address fields 152 and 162, control fields 153 and 163, length fields 154 and 164, data identification fields 155 and 165, error check fields 156 and 167, end fields ETX 157, 168, and the response message 160 further includes a data field 166.

The data field 166 has a different data structure according to the data identifiers defined in the data identification fields 155 and 165.

In the case of collecting the total accumulated effective power amount DI 90 90, the data field 166 stores a sign of 1 byte and a total accumulated active power amount of 4 bytes. The total accumulated effective power amount is a value obtained by subtracting the effective amount of power transmission effective integrated power from the total amount of power received effective power, and the sign is set to 0x00 when the amount of power received is greater than the amount of power transmitted, and set to 0xFF when the amount of received power is less than the amount of power received.

In the case of collecting the total power meter reading data (DI: 90 8F), the data field 166 includes a sign (1 byte), the total accumulated effective power amount (4 bytes), the total integrated power effective amount (4 bytes), and the total amount of effective transmission power ( 4 bytes), power direction (1 byte), faucet active power (4 bytes). Here, the power direction indicates power reception (0x00) or power transmission (0xFF).

In addition, the data identification fields 155 and 165 include 90 44 when the faucet active power amount and the active power are requested and read as meter reading data, and the data field 166 includes 4 bytes of total power effective amount of power and 4 bytes. Faucet active power is included.

When the meter reading data to be collected is the transmission power effective amount and the active power, 91 44 is defined in the data identification fields 155 and 165, and the data field 166 has 4 bytes of power integrated effective power amount and 4 bytes of power transmission effective. Power is included.

If the meter reading data is a power receiving reactive power and a reactive power, 92 44 are defined in the data identification fields 155 and 165, and the power receiving reactive power and reactive power having a size of 4 bytes are stored in the data field 166.

On the other hand, if the meter reading data is power transmission reactive power and free power, 93 44 are stored in the data identification fields 155 and 165, and power transmission reactive power and reactive power of 4 bytes are stored in the data field 166.

5 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a real-time protocol related to the present invention. Here, the real-time protocol is used for communication between the remote meter and the relay device or communication between the remote meter and the meter, or between the remote meter and the meter.

The format of the real time protocol illustrated in FIG. 5 includes a start field (STX), an address field (Address), a control field (Control), a length field (LEN), a data identification field (DI), a password field (PWD), and a data field ( Data), an error check field (BCC), and an end field (ETX).

The start field (STX) is allocated to the first field and the third field of the frame by 1 byte each, and is an area in which any one of the four protocol attributes of Table 1 is defined.

In the address field, a 6-byte meter address (or target device address) is defined, and the meter address is in the order of the least significant bit (LSB) to the most significant bit (MSB) of the actual meter address. Is entered. For example, if the actual address of the meter is 0x10 / 0x90 / 0x12 / 0x34 / 0x56 / 0x78, the address field contains 0x78 / 0x56 / 0x34 / 0x12 / 0x90 / 0x10.

The control field (Control), the control command is defined, the control command is shown in Table 4.

command meaning 0x01 (Master) Read from Master 0x81 (Slave) Response Reading from Master 0x04 (Master) Write from Master 0x84 (Slave) Response Writing from Master Others Error

The length field LEN indicates the total size of the data identification field, the encryption field, and the data field.

The data identification field DI is an area defining the purpose of the protocol. The field may identify the purpose of the protocol.

The cipher field (PWD) has a size of 0 bytes or 4 bytes, and the set cipher is changed from the least significant bit to the most significant bit and then 0x33 is added. Here, when 0x11 / 0x11 / 0x11 / 0x00 is set as a default, the cipher data stored in the cipher field is 0x33 / 0x44 / 0x44 / 0x44.

The data field Data includes meter reading data, and the size of the data is flexible. Data input to the data field is rearranged from the lowest byte to the highest byte in order to read the meter data, and 0x33 is added to each byte. For example, if the meter reading data is 012345.6, the data is sorted in order from the least significant byte to the most significant byte as follows, and 0x33 is added to each byte to add ( 0 × 60 add 0 × 33) / ( 0 × 45 add 0 × 33) / (0 × 23 add 0 × 33) / (0 × 01 add 0 × 33), the data field is 0x93 / 0x78 / 0x56 / 0x34 is input.

The error check field BCC includes a value obtained by adding a field from the start field to the error check field.

The end field ETX includes a fixed value 0x16 indicating the end of the frame.

Hereinafter, the structure of the request message and the response message will be described when performing the remote meter reading using the real-time protocol proposed in the present invention.

First, when reading or setting the electricity meter address, the electricity meter address is input to the data field. Here, the master address definition is used only for one-to-one communication, and the address of the master that reads or sets the address is defined as 0x99 / 0x99 / 0x99 / 0x99 / 0x99 / 0x99 (Protocol Data Order), and the address of the master reading the equipment meter value. Is defined as 0xAA / 0xAA / 0xAA / 0xAA / 0xAA / 0xAA (Protocol Data Order).

The master device may read and confirm the decimal place of the data displayed on the display unit 16 of the preset electricity meter 10, select the desired decimal place, and set it. At this time, the decimal point position selection information is input to the data field, and 1 or 0 is defined in the bits to which the meter reading item is allocated. Therefore, the decimal place of the meter reading data for each item can be selected.

The master device may read the view mode setting information of the electricity meter 10 and set the desired view mode. The viewing mode setting information includes whether or not to display the meter reading item and display time interval. In this case, the data field includes one byte of display availability data for each inspection item for which the inspection item to be displayed is selected, a cycle time of one byte representing the display time interval, and null data.

If there is a Real Time Clock (RTC) in the device, you can read and set the date (day) and time (time). At this time, the date or time is input to the data input in the data field.

In addition, the master device can read the version information of the device from the device. The data field includes version information, type (single phase / three phase), and status.

And, through the real-time protocol proposed in the present invention can read and set the password of the slave device. The initial password is set as the default when the device is manufactured. When a password change request is made, existing password data is input in the password field, and new password data is defined in the data field.

Real-time protocols allow reading of meter data from each meter. When each equipment meter receives the meter data request message, each equipment meter stores the meter data and communication state information received from each equipment meter in the data field of the real-time protocol. The size of the meter reading data and the communication status information is 4 bytes and 1 byte, respectively. The communication state information includes a communication state with each facility meter, and the communication state is represented by 1 (error) or 0 (normal) in bits allocated to each facility meter.

When writing meter reading data read through a plurality of meters on the display unit of the electricity meter 10, the encryption data is stored in a password field, and the meter reading data (water, electricity, gas, etc.) read through a plurality of meters in the data field. , Hot water, heating, etc.) are defined in a predetermined order.

In addition, the power supplied to the electricity meter 10 can be controlled remotely. In this case, one byte of relay data (on / off) is included in the data field of the message for transmitting a command for controlling the power-off relay of the electricity meter 10.

The master device may also initialize the current cumulative metering data of the plurality of meters. The data field of the message (frame) instructing the initialization of the cumulative meter reading data of the facility meter is inputted as null data, and when the cumulative meter data of the electricity meter is instructed, an initialization value of 4 bytes is inserted into the data field. Here, when controlling the operation of the electricity meter and the facility meters, a password is inserted into the password field of the operation control message.

10: power meter
20: water meter
30: hot water meter
40: gas meter
50: calorimeter
60: remote meter reading device
70: repeater
80: interface unit
90: central control unit

Claims (15)

A plurality of meters including a power meter for measuring electricity usage and facility meters for measuring water, gas, hot water and heating usage, respectively;
A remote meter for communicating with the plurality of meters, receiving meter data from the plurality of meters according to a real-time protocol, storing the meter data in its own memory, and transmitting meter data of each meter to the electricity meter at predetermined time intervals;
A relay device for communicating with the remote meter reading device and reading the meter data collected in the remote meter according to the real-time protocol;
Access the remote meter reading device through the relay device, request the meter reading data from the remote meter reading device, collect metering data provided from the remote meter reading device, and make a database to use the meter reading data. It includes a central control device for reading,
The meter reading data includes at least one of cumulative meter reading data and current meter reading data, and the real-time protocol includes a start field, an address field, a control field, a length field, a data identification field, a password field, a data field, an error check field, and an end field. Remote metering system using a real-time protocol, characterized in that consisting of. The electricity meter of claim 1, wherein
A current measuring unit measuring current supplied to a load,
A voltage measuring unit measuring a voltage supplied to the load;
An operation unit for calculating the amount of electricity using the current and voltage measured by the current measuring unit and the voltage measuring unit;
A memory for storing the calculated electricity consumption and meter reading data of each facility meter transmitted from the remote meter reading device;
And a display unit for displaying the electricity usage and metering data of each facility meter. The method of claim 1, wherein the remote meter reading device,
Remote metering system characterized in that the connection through the DCPLC (DC Power Line Communication) communication lines. The method of claim 1, wherein the remote meter reading device,
Remote metering system using a real-time protocol, characterized in that the connection through the electricity meter and RS-485 communication line. delete The method of claim 1, wherein the start field,
Remote meter reading system using a real-time protocol characterized in that the first field and the third field of the frame is each 1 byte size and can define any one of the four protocol properties. The method of claim 1, wherein the address field,
Remote metering system using a real-time protocol, characterized in that the destination address is defined area. The method of claim 1, wherein the control field,
Remote metering system using a real-time protocol, characterized in that the control command can be defined. The method of claim 1, wherein the length field,
Telemetering system using a real-time protocol, characterized in that the total size of the data identification field, password field, data field. The method of claim 1, wherein the data identification field,
Remote metering system using a real-time protocol, characterized in that the area defining the purpose of the protocol. The method of claim 1, wherein the encryption field,
Remote metering system using a real-time protocol, characterized in that allocated to the size of 0 byte or 4 bytes. The method of claim 1, wherein the data field,
Remote metering system using a real-time protocol characterized in that the meter reading data of each equipment meter and the communication status information with each equipment meter. The method of claim 1, wherein the data field,
Remote metering system using a real-time protocol, characterized in that the meter reading data of the electricity meter. The method of claim 13, wherein the data field,
Remote meter reading system using a real-time protocol characterized in that it further comprises a power off relay control command of the electricity meter. The method of claim 1, wherein the error check field,
Remote meter reading system using a real-time protocol characterized in that the value of the field plus the field from the start to the error check field.

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