KR101161124B1 - Variable capacity compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a variable capacity compressor, and an object of the present invention is to provide a variable capacity compressor that is provided so that an appropriate amount of oil is supplied to the friction portion of the rotary shaft or the compression unit regardless of the change in the rotational speed of the rotary shaft.

To this end, the variable capacity compressor according to the present invention, the variable capacity compressor according to the present invention includes a compression unit for performing a compression operation of the refrigerant inside the sealed container is formed in the bottom oil storage space; A driving unit for providing compression power of the refrigerant; A rotating shaft connecting the driving unit and the compression unit to transmit the driving force of the driving unit to the compression unit, the lower end of which extends to the oil storage space, and the rotational speed of which is varied according to the compression capacity of the refrigerant; An oil channel formed on the rotary shaft to guide the oil in the oil storage space to the friction portion between the compression unit and the rotary shaft; A cylindrical oil pick-up member fixed to a lower end of the rotary shaft to communicate the oil reservoir with the oil passage to pick up the oil in the oil reservoir by the centrifugal force of the rotary shaft; Pick-up blades are provided in plural in the oil pick-up member to promote oil pick-up action, and the number of performing the oil pumping action while being immersed in the oil of the oil storage space is variable in inverse proportion to the rotational speed of the rotary shaft. It is configured to include.

Description

Variable Capacity Compressor {VARIABLE CAPACITY COMPRESSOR}

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the overall structure of a conventional variable capacity compressor.

2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the overall structure of a variable capacity compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a perspective view illustrating the structure of the oil pick-up apparatus in FIG. 2, in which the oil pick-up member and the pickup plate are disassembled.

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the oil pick-up device in Figure 2, showing a state in which the pick-up plate is fixed to the oil pick-up member.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the oil pickup device side structure of the variable capacity compressor according to the present embodiment, in which the rotating shaft is stopped.

6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the oil pickup device side structure in the variable capacity compressor according to the present embodiment, in which the rotating shaft rotates at a high speed.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the oil pickup device side structure in the variable capacity compressor according to the present embodiment, in which the rotating shaft rotates at a low speed.

Description of the Related Art [0002]

50: oil pick-up device 60: oil pick-up member

70: pickup plate 71: first pick-up plate

71b: first pick-up wing 72: second pick-up plate

72b: second pick-up wing 80: first group

90: group 2

The present invention relates to a variable capacity compressor, and more particularly to an oil supply structure for lubricating the friction portion of the rotating shaft and the compression portion.

Recently, many refrigeration cycles of air conditioners and refrigerators have variable cooling compressors that can vary the refrigerant compression capacity for energy saving and to achieve optimal cooling according to the requirements by varying the cooling capacity. It is becoming.

In general, such a capacity-variable compressor, as shown in Figure 1, to form the appearance through the hermetic container (1), the compression section (2) for the compression of the refrigerant inside the hermetic container (1), A driving unit 3 providing compression power according to the compression of the refrigerant, and a rotating shaft 4 connecting the driving unit 3 and the compression unit 2 to transfer the driving force of the driving unit 3 to the compression unit 2 are installed. In this capacity variable type compressor, the compression capacity of the refrigerant is changed by adjusting the voltage or frequency applied to the driving unit 3 so that the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 4 is changed.

Here, the one side and the other side of the sealed container (1) guides the refrigerant compressed in the sealed container (1) to the outside through the suction pipe (1a) and the compression unit (2) for guiding the refrigerant into the sealed container (1). Discharge pipes 1b are provided respectively.

The compression unit 2 includes a cylinder block 2a having a compression chamber 2a-1 for compressing the refrigerant on one side, a piston 2b installed to linearly reciprocate in the compression chamber 2a-1, and A refrigerant suction chamber 2c-1 and a refrigerant discharge chamber 2c-2 which are coupled to the cylinder block 2a to seal the compression chamber 2a-1, and which are opened to the compression chamber 2a-1 to be partitioned with each other. Interposed between the cylinder head 2c including the cylinder head 2c, the compression chamber 2a-1 and the cylinder head 2c, and flowing into the compression chamber 2a-1 from the refrigerant suction chamber 2c-1, or And a valve device 2c provided to interrupt the flow of the refrigerant discharged from the 2a-1 to the refrigerant discharge chamber 2c-2.

In addition, the driving unit 3 is provided through a stator 3a fixed to the lower outer side of the cylinder block 2a and a rotor 3b provided to rotate by electrical interaction with the stator 3a inside the stator 3a. The rotary shaft 4 is installed such that its central portion is pressed against the center side of the rotor 3b to rotate together with the rotor 3b.

The through part 2a-2 is formed in the center side of the cylinder block 2a so that the upper end part of the rotating shaft 4 penetrates, and the connecting rod 2e is attached to the upper part of the upper side rotating shaft 4 of the through part 2a-2. An eccentric portion 4a connected to the piston 2b is formed so that the eccentric rotation of the eccentric portion 4a is converted into a linear reciprocating movement of the piston 2b, and the lower end of the rotation shaft 4 is the rotor 3b. From the bottom of the sealed container (1).

Through this configuration, when the rotating shaft 4 rotates together with the rotor 3b by the electrical interaction between the stator 3a and the rotor 3b, the eccentric portion 4a of the rotating shaft 4 and the connecting rod are rotated. The piston (2b) connected via (2e) is a linear reciprocating motion in the compression chamber (2a-1), and thus the refrigerant guided into the sealed container (1) through the suction pipe (1a) is the refrigerant suction chamber ( It is delivered into the compression chamber 2a-1 via 2c-1 and is compressed in the compression chamber 2a-1. The refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber (2a-1) is discharged to the refrigerant discharge chamber (2c-2) and then guided to the discharge tube (1b) side and discharged to the outside of the sealed container (1), this process proceeds repeatedly While the compression of the refrigerant proceeds. At this time, the refrigerant compression capacity of the compressor is adjusted by varying the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 4 by adjusting the voltage and frequency applied to the drive unit (3).

On the other hand, the bottom of the sealed container (1) is formed with an oil storage space (1c) for storing a predetermined amount of oil, the oil of the oil storage space (1c) inside the rotary shaft (4) or the rotary shaft (4) An oil flow passage 4b is formed to transfer the friction portion of the compression unit 2, and the oil storage space 1c and the oil flow passage 4b communicate with each other at the lower end of the rotation shaft 4, and the rotation operation of the rotation shaft 4 is performed. As a result, an oil pick-up apparatus for picking up the oil in the oil storage space 1c toward the oil passage 4b is provided.

The oil pick-up device has an open upper end press-fitted to the lower end of the rotating shaft 4 to be coupled to the rotating shaft 4, and at the lower end thereof, a substantially cylindrical oil pick-up member 5 having an oil supply hole 5a formed therein, and such oil pick-up. It comprises a pickup plate 6 which is installed to be press-fitted inside the member (5).

The pick-up plate 6 includes a plate-shaped body 6a and a pair of pick-up blades 6b provided at a lower end of the body 6a, and each pick-up blade 6b is based on the cut center. It is formed on both sides is provided to be bent in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft (4).

Therefore, when the rotating shaft 4 is rotated to perform the compression action of the refrigerant, the oil in the oil storage space (1c) is along the oil pick-up member (5) and the oil channel (4b) by the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft (4) It is sucked to the upper portion and is transferred to the frictional portion of the rotating shaft 4 or the compression unit 2 to perform a lubrication action. At this time, each pickup vane 6b of the pickup plate 6 is immersed in an oil level to the upper portion. The oil is pumped up to promote oil pick-up.

However, since the amount of oil supplied to the frictional portion of the rotating shaft 4 or the compression unit 2 through the oil pick-up apparatus is largely influenced by the change in the centrifugal force according to the rotational speed difference of the rotating shaft 4, the refrigerant When the rotary shaft 4 is rotated at high speed so that the discharge amount of the gas is increased, the amount of oil picked up is excessively increased, so that power consumption and oil pumping noise consumed by oil pumping are increased, and conversely, the discharge shaft of the refrigerant is reduced. When rotating at low speed, the amount of oil to be picked up is made so small that there is a problem in that the lubricating action of the rotary shaft 4 and the compression unit 2 cannot be effectively performed.

The present invention is to solve such a problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide a variable capacity compressor provided so that the appropriate amount of oil is supplied to the friction portion of the rotating shaft or the compression unit irrespective of the change in the rotational speed of the rotating shaft.

The variable capacity compressor according to the present invention for achieving this object comprises a compression unit for performing a compression action of the refrigerant inside the sealed container in which the oil storage space is formed at the bottom; A driving unit for providing compression power of the refrigerant; A rotating shaft connecting the driving unit and the compression unit to transmit the driving force of the driving unit to the compression unit, the lower end of which extends to the oil storage space, and the rotational speed of which is varied according to the compression capacity of the refrigerant; An oil channel formed on the rotary shaft to guide the oil in the oil storage space to the friction portion between the compression unit and the rotary shaft; A cylindrical oil pick-up member fixed to a lower end of the rotary shaft to communicate the oil reservoir with the oil passage to pick up the oil in the oil reservoir by the centrifugal force of the rotary shaft; Pick-up blades are provided in plural in the oil pick-up member to promote oil pick-up action, and the number of performing the oil pumping action while being immersed in the oil of the oil storage space is variable in inverse proportion to the rotational speed of the rotary shaft. It characterized by including.

And the pickup blades are characterized in that it comprises a plurality of pickup blade groups arranged in multiple stages along the axial direction of the rotation axis.

In addition, the pickup wing group is characterized in that it comprises a first group of the lower and a second group of the upper.

In addition, the variable capacity compressor according to the present invention further includes a pickup plate press-fitted into the oil pickup member to form the pickup blade, the pickup plate is the first pickup plate provided with the first group at the bottom, and It characterized in that it comprises a second pick-up plate provided on the first pick-up plate so that the second group is provided at the bottom.

In addition, the first and second pick-up plate is characterized in that it is provided to be detachably coupled to each other.

In addition, the first and second pick-up plate is characterized in that it is provided to have the same dimensions and shapes.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 2, the capacity-variable compressor according to the present embodiment forms an appearance through an airtight container 10 having an oil storage space 11 formed at a bottom thereof, and the inside of the airtight container 10 includes Compressor 20 for compressing the refrigerant, drive unit 30 for providing the compression power in accordance with the compression of the refrigerant, the drive unit 30 and the compression unit to transfer the driving force of the drive unit 30 to the compression unit 20 A rotating shaft 40 for connecting the 20 is installed.

Rotating shaft 40 is to change the compression capacity of the refrigerant by the compression unit 20 by changing the rotational speed by adjusting the voltage or frequency applied to the drive unit 30, and one side of the sealed container 10 and The other side is provided with a suction tube 12 for guiding the refrigerant into the hermetic container 12 and a discharge tube 13 for guiding the refrigerant compressed in the hermetic container 10 to the outside through the compression unit 20, respectively.

The compression unit 20 includes a cylinder block 21 having a compression chamber 21a for compressing refrigerant, a piston 22 installed to linearly reciprocate in the compression chamber 21a, and the compression chamber 21a. ) Is coupled to the cylinder block 21 so as to seal the cylinder head (23) having a refrigerant suction chamber (23a) and a refrigerant discharge chamber (23b) which are opened to the compression chamber (21a) side to be partitioned, and compressed, Interposed between the chamber 21a and the cylinder head 23 to interrupt the flow of the refrigerant flowing into the compression chamber 21a from the refrigerant suction chamber 23a or discharged from the compression chamber 21a to the refrigerant discharge chamber 23b. The provided valve device 24 is provided.

The drive unit 30 is configured through a stator 31 fixed to the lower outer side of the cylinder block 21 and a rotor 32 provided to rotate by electrical interaction with the stator 31 inside the stator 31. The rotary shaft 40 is installed so that the center portion thereof is pressed into the center side of the rotor 32 to rotate together with the rotor 32.

The through part 21b is formed in the center side of the cylinder block 21 so that the upper end of the rotating shaft 40 penetrates, and the piston 22 is connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 40 on the upper side of the through part 21b via a connecting rod 25. ) Is connected to the eccentric portion 41 is formed so that the eccentric rotation of the eccentric portion 41 is converted into a linear reciprocating motion of the piston 25, the lower end of the rotary shaft 40 is oil storage from the rotor 32 It extends to the bottom of the hermetic container 10 in which the space 11 is located.

In this configuration, when the rotating shaft 40 rotates together with the rotor 32 by the electrical interaction between the stator 31 and the rotor 32, the rotating shaft 40 and the connecting rod 25 are connected to each other. The piston 22 is linearly reciprocated in the compression chamber 21a, and thus the refrigerant guided into the hermetic container 10 through the suction pipe 12 passes through the refrigerant suction chamber 23a to the compression chamber 21a. ) And is compressed in the compression chamber 21a. The refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber 21a is discharged to the refrigerant discharge chamber 23b and then guided to the discharge tube 13 side and discharged to the outside of the sealed container 10, and this process is repeatedly performed to compress the refrigerant. The action proceeds. At this time, the refrigerant compression capacity of the compressor is adjusted by varying the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 40 by adjusting the voltage and frequency applied to the drive unit (30).

In the compression process of the refrigerant, the oil storage space 11 is provided in the rotation shaft 40 so that the oil of the oil storage space 11 is supplied to the friction portion of the rotation shaft 40 and the compression part 20 to lubricate them. An oil passage 42 for guiding oil of the rotary shaft 40 or the friction portion of the compression unit 20 is formed, and an oil storage space 11 and an oil passage 42 at the lower end of the rotary shaft 40. ) And an oil pick-up device 50 for picking up oil in the oil storage space 11 toward the oil flow passage 42 in accordance with the rotation operation of the rotation shaft 40.

The oil flow passage 42 communicates with the first oil flow passage 42a and the first oil flow passage 42a formed inside the rotation shaft 40 below the hollow portion 21b and the hollow portion 21b and the rotation shaft 40. The second oil passage 42b inside the rotating shaft 40 on the hollow portion 21b side connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 40 and the through hole so as to supply oil therebetween, and communicates with the second oil passage 42b, 41) a third oil flow path 42c formed in the upper portion to supply oil to the compression part 20 by ejecting the oil to the upper portion, and through each oil flow path 42a, 42b, 42c in a sequential order. The oil is repeatedly supplied to the oil channel 42 in the state in which the oil is recovered to the oil storage space 11.

The oil pick-up device 50 is first opened to communicate with the first oil passage 42a is pressed into the lower end of the rotary shaft 23 is coupled to the rotary shaft 23 to be immersed in the oil of the oil storage space (11) The central portion of the lower end is configured to include a substantially cylindrical oil pickup member 60 is formed with the oil supply hole (61).

Therefore, when the rotating shaft 40 is rotated to perform the compression action of the refrigerant, the oil in the oil storage space 11 is along the oil pick-up member 60 and the oil flow path 42 by the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 40. It is sucked to the upper portion is transferred to the friction portion of the rotating shaft 40 and the compression unit 20 to perform a lubrication action.

In addition, the oil pick-up apparatus 50 further includes a pickup plate 70 which is installed to be press-fitted to the inside of the oil pickup member 60. In the variable capacity compressor according to the present embodiment, the pickup plate 70 is provided. ) Is provided with a plurality of pickup blades (71b, 72b) formed to pump up the oil in the oil storage space (11) to the oil passage 42 when the pickup plate 70 is rotated, such pickup blades (71b, 72b) ) Is configured such that the number of substantially performing the oil pumping action in the state submerged in the oil of the oil storage space 11 varies in inverse proportion to the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 40.

As such, the configuration in which the number of the pickup blades 71b and 72b substantially performing the oil pumping action among the plurality of pickup blades 71b and 72b is variable in inverse proportion to the rotational speed of the rotation shaft 40 is determined by the compression capacity of the refrigerant. Regardless of the change in the speed of the rotating shaft 40, the appropriate amount of oil is always supplied to the friction portion of the rotating shaft 40 or the compression unit 20.

In more detail, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the pick-up plates 70 are provided in pairs with a first pick-up plate 71 at the bottom and a second pick-up plate 72 at the top. The first and second pick-up plates 71 and 72 each include a plate-shaped body 71a and 72a and a pair of pickup wings 71b and 72b provided at the lower ends of the body 71a and 72a, respectively. It is composed. The bodies 71a and 72a are further divided into a first body 71a of the first pick-up plate 71 and a second body 72a of the second pick-up plate 72, and pickup vanes 71b and 72b. Also, the first pick-up blade 71b of the first pick-up plate 71 and the second pick-up blade 72b of the second pick-up plate 72 are divided.

Here, the cutouts 71c and 72c are formed at the center side of the lower ends of the bodies 71a and 72a in which the pick-up blades 71b and 72b are formed, and the pick-up blades 71b and 72b are formed in the cutout portions 71c and 72c. Each side is provided to be bent in the rotational direction of the rotary shaft 40, the insertion groove (71d) so that the upper portion of the cutout (72c) of the second body (72a) is inserted into the upper center side of the first body (71a). ) Is formed.

Through this structure, the first body 72a of the upper part of the cutout 72c at the lower end of the second pick-up plate 72 is inserted into and fixed to the insertion groove 71d of the upper end of the first pick-up plate 71. When the pick-up plate 71 and the second pick-up plate 72 are press-fitted into the oil pick-up member 60, the pair of first pick-up blades 71b may be positioned inside the lower portion of the oil pick-up member 60. The first group 80 is formed, and the pair of second pick-up wings 72b form the second group 90 positioned on the inner upper portion of the oil pick-up member 60. The group 80 and the second group 90 form a multi-stage structure along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 40.

And the positions of the pickup blades (71b, 72b) of the first group 80 and the second group (90) provided to have different heights in this way is the oil of the oil storage space (11) in accordance with the rotational speed of the rotating shaft (40) It is set considering the height of the oil surface.

That is, when the rotating shaft 40 is rotated at a high speed, the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 40 is also large, so that the flow rate of the oil sucked upward along the oil pick-up member 60 and the oil flow passage 442 increases. When the oil oil surface height of the space 11 is lowered and, on the contrary, when the rotating shaft 40 is rotated at a low speed to reduce the compression capacity, the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft is also formed small so that the oil pick-up member 60 and the oil flow passage 42 are reduced. Accordingly, as the flow rate of the oil drawn up to the top decreases, the oil oil level of the oil storage space 11 is increased, and the oil group according to the change of the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 40 is considered in the first group ( The first pick-up blade 71b of the 80 is always submerged in the oil of the oil storage space 11, and the second pick-up blade 72b of the second group 90 is in the low-speed rotation section of the rotary shaft 40. Submerged in the oil in the oil storage space (11) and the rotating shaft (40) In the high-speed rotation range are set to the state where the upper oil level in the oil of the oil storage space (11).

The supply structure of the oil at the high speed rotation and the low speed rotation of the rotary shaft 40 through the structure of the pickup plate 70 is as follows.

First, when the rotary shaft 40 is rotated at a high speed so that the compression capacity of the refrigerant is greatly increased while the rotary shaft 40 is stopped as shown in FIG. 5, the oil pickup member 60 is formed while the centrifugal force of the rotary shaft 40 is also increased. And the flow rate of the oil sucked upward along the oil flow path 42 increases, and as a result, the oil level of the oil in the oil storage space 11 is significantly lowered as shown in FIG. 6. The second pick-up blade 72b of 90 is positioned above the oil surface and rotates while only the first pick-up blade 71b of the first group 80 is immersed in the oil of the oil storage space 11.

Therefore, at this time, the oil pumping amount due to the centrifugal force of the rotary shaft 40 is largely formed, while the oil pumping amount by the pick-up plate 70 is reduced so that an excessive amount of oil is rotated in the high speed rotation section of the rotary shaft 40. The supply to the compression section 20 is prevented.

In this state, when the rotary shaft 40 is rotated at a low speed in order to reduce the compression capacity of the refrigerant, the centrifugal force of the rotary shaft 40 decreases and is sucked upward along the oil pick-up member 60 and the oil channel 42. As the flow rate of the oil is also reduced, as shown in FIG. 7, the height of the oil surface of the oil storage space 11 is increased, and through this, all the pickup blades 71b of the first group 80 and the second group 90 are formed. 72b) are all rotated in the state of the oil in the oil storage space (11).

Therefore, in this case, the oil pumping amount due to the centrifugal force of the rotary shaft 40 is reduced, while the oil pumping amount by the pick-up plate 70 is increased, so that the rotary shaft 40 and the compression unit 20 are rotated even at a low speed rotation section of the rotary shaft 40. A sufficient amount of oil is smoothly supplied to the friction part of.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the first pick-up plate 71 and the second pick-up plate 72 are provided to be detached from each other in a separately provided state, through which the variable capacity compressor according to the present embodiment is the first and the first When any one of the two pick-up plates 71 and 72 is broken, only the broken one can be replaced and used.

The first pick-up plate 71 and the second pick-up plate 72 are formed at an upper end of the body 72a of the second pick-up plate 72 such that an insertion groove 72d, such as the first pick-up plate 71, is formed. Is provided to have the same shape and dimensions, which is to improve the productivity of the variable capacity compressor by allowing the common use of the first pick-up plate 71 and the second pick-up plate 72.

As described above in detail, the variable capacity compressor according to the present invention substantially performs the oil pumping operation in the oil immersed state of the oil storage space among the plurality of pickup blades provided inside the oil pick-up member to assist the oil pick-up action. The number is variable in inverse proportion to the rotational speed of the rotating shaft so that an appropriate amount of oil can be supplied to the friction portion of the rotating shaft and the compression unit regardless of the change in the rotating speed of the rotating shaft.

Claims (6)

A compression unit configured to compress the refrigerant in an airtight container having an oil storage space formed at a bottom thereof; A driving unit for providing compression power of the refrigerant; A rotating shaft connecting the driving unit and the compression unit to transmit the driving force of the driving unit to the compression unit, the lower end of which extends to the oil storage space, and the rotational speed of which is varied according to the compression capacity of the refrigerant; An oil channel formed on the rotary shaft to guide the oil in the oil storage space to the friction portion between the compression unit and the rotary shaft; A cylindrical oil pick-up member fixed to a lower end of the rotary shaft to communicate the oil reservoir with the oil passage to pick up the oil in the oil reservoir by the centrifugal force of the rotary shaft; Pick-up wings are provided in plural in the oil pick-up member to promote oil pick-up action, and the number of performing the oil pumping action in a state submerged in the oil of the oil storage space is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the rotary shaft. A variable capacity compressor comprising a. The method of claim 1, And the pickup vane includes a plurality of pickup vane groups arranged in multiple stages along the axial direction of the rotary shaft. 3. The method of claim 2, The pickup wing group is variable capacity compressor, characterized in that it comprises a first group of the lower and a second group of the upper. The method of claim 3, A pickup plate press-fitted into the oil pick-up member to form the pickup wings; The pickup plate may include a first pick-up plate provided at a lower end of the first group and a second pick-up plate provided at an upper portion of the first pick-up plate so that the second group is provided at the lower end. The method of claim 4, wherein And the first and second pick-up plates are removably coupled to each other. The method of claim 5, And the first and second pick-up plates are provided to have the same dimensions and shapes.

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