KR101143478B1 - Method for analysing and controlling indoor thermal environment based on sensors using wireless communications - Google Patents

Abstract

Sensing a plurality of indoor thermal factors by the sensor unit; Generating, by a diagnostic control unit, a control signal for controlling a cooling / heating device based on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors and the amount of wear value detected by the sensor unit; And transmitting and receiving the control signal to the cooling / heating device and receiving an operation signal of the cooling / heating device. The sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication may include: Is initiated.

Indoor heat factor, control signal, air conditioner, sensor

Description

Sensor based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication {METHOD FOR ANALYSING AND CONTROLLING INDOOR THERMAL ENVIRONMENT BASED ON SENSORS USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS}

The present invention relates to a sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication, and more particularly, to detect the values of various indoor thermal factors in real time, and to operate the heating and heating device based on the detected values. Sensor based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication in which indoor temperature information is displayed and indoor temperature environment information is transmitted and control signals of air conditioning and heating are controlled by wireless communication. It is about.

The recent increase in national income leads to the people's desire to improve their quality of life, and well-being, which is interpreted as a lifestyle that pursues a healthy body and spirit, is emerging as a new cultural code. In this regard, the expectation of human living space is very high, but the research on comfort control is still insufficient. Up to now, the control of the facilities of the building has been mainly focused on the thermal environment such as temperature and humidity. Residential buildings in Korea use 100% on-floor heating (radiation heating), and indoor heating temperature is controlled by the temperature controller attached to the wall, the flow control valve (ON / OFF) and the constant flow valve. The temperature of the wall-mounted thermostat in the radiant heating space does not represent the comfort level of the human body, and the occupants adjust the amount of heat supplied to the room according to the experience, causing energy waste due to overheating in the winter.

Therefore, in the Ondol heating structure, the indoor heating environment is controlled based on the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and the Standard Effective Temperature (SET), which are based on the thermal comfort of the human body, and prevent overheating of the indoor radiant heating space. It is necessary to develop a new technology that combines a system that can secure a comfortable thermal environment and prevent energy waste due to overheating by developing an ondol heating system control method.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention, to provide the information of the indoor heat environment through the real-time detection of various indoor heat factors, and to provide a cooling and heating device based on the detected information By controlling, it provides a sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication that enables energy-efficient indoor thermal environment control by preventing overcooling and overheating while ensuring a comfortable indoor thermal environment.

Sensor based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the sensor unit for sensing a plurality of indoor thermal factors; Generating, by a diagnostic control unit, a control signal for controlling a cooling / heating device based on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors and the amount of wear value detected by the sensor unit; And a transmitting / receiving unit transmitting the control signal to the air conditioning unit and receiving an operation signal of the air conditioning unit.

The generating of the control signal may include calculating a predictive mean vote (PMV) value based on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors and the amount of wear; Determining whether the calculated PMV value is within a range of starting or stopping of a preset heating and cooling device; And as a result of the determination, when the PMV value is within a preset operating range of the heating / cooling device, generates a control signal for operating the heating / cooling unit, and when the PMV value is within a preset stopping range of the heating / cooling device, Generating a control signal for stopping the heating apparatus.

In this case, in the generating of the control signal, it is preferable to generate a control signal for stopping the heating device when +0.5 <PMV in winter and for operating the heating device when PMV <-0.5.

In the generating of the control signal, it is preferable to generate a control signal for operating the air conditioner when + 0.5 <PMV in summer, and for stopping the air conditioner when PMV <-0.5.

The generating of the control signal may include: -0.5 ≤ PMV ≤ + 0.5 during the spring and autumn season, stop the cooling and heating unit, start the heating unit when PMV <-0.5, and operate the air conditioning unit when + 0.5 <PMV. It is desirable to generate a control signal.

The sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication further includes a display unit displaying at least one of values of the plurality of indoor thermal factors, the PMV value, and an operating state of the air conditioning and heating device. .

Sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication, the storage unit further comprises the step of storing the data of the plurality of indoor thermal factors, the PMV value and the operating status of the air-conditioning device; The data stored in the storage unit may be transmitted to or downloaded from an external device.

The plurality of indoor warming factors includes room temperature, room humidity, room average radiation temperature (MRT), activity amount and air flow rate.

The heating device is a heating valve, and the generating of the control signal may include: calculating a PMV value based on values of the plurality of indoor heating factors and a value of a wearing amount; Calculating ΔPMV from the difference between the reference value −0.5 and the PMV value; And generating a control signal for adjusting the opening of the heating valve in proportion to the ΔPMV.

At this time, the control signal opens 10% of the heating valve when 0 <△ PMV <0.3, opens 30% of the heating valve when 0.3 ≤ △ PMV <0.5, and opens 50% of the heating valve when 0.5 ≤ Δ PMV <1 It is desirable to produce.

As described above, in the sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication according to the present invention, the sensor detects various indoor thermal factors in real time and calculates a PMV value based on the detected thermal factor values. By controlling the operation of the indoor cooling and heating system, while maintaining a comfortable indoor warming environment, supercooling and overheating are prevented, thereby achieving an effect of enabling energy efficient indoor warming control.

In addition, the value of the indoor heat factor, PMV value, the operating status of the cooling and heating device, etc. are transmitted and displayed by wireless communication, thereby providing the user with the indoor warm environment information in real time.

In addition, the data on the indoor warm environment information is stored and the stored data can be wirelessly transmitted to the external device or downloaded at any time by the external device to create a comfortable indoor warm environment and can be used as basic data for the health of the occupants. .

In addition, since the control signal for the heating and cooling device, the operating signal for the heating and cooling device, and the data for the indoor heat environment information are transmitted and received by wireless communication, it is easy to control the indoor heat environment and check the state of the indoor heat environment. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.

1 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the method 100 according to the present invention may include: sensing 10 a plurality of indoor thermal factors by a sensor unit; Generating, by a diagnostic control unit, a control signal for controlling a heating / heating apparatus based on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors and the amount of wear value detected by the sensor unit (20); And a transceiver unit 30 transmitting the control signal to the air conditioning unit and receiving an operation signal of the air conditioning unit. Displaying (40) at least one of a plurality of indoor heating factors, a PMV value, and an operating state of the air conditioner / heater; And a storage unit (50) storing data on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors, the PMV values, and operating conditions of the air conditioning and heating device. In this case, the data stored in the storage unit may be transmitted to or downloaded by the external device.

In the detecting of the plurality of indoor warming factors (10), a plurality of sensors sense values of the plurality of indoor warming factors in real time. The plurality of indoor warming factors includes room temperature, room humidity, room average radiation temperature (MRT), activity amount and air flow rate.

2 schematically illustrates one embodiment of the step 20 of generating a control signal. Referring to FIG. 2, the generating of the control signal may include calculating a predictive mean vote (PMV) value based on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors and the amount of wear; Determining whether the calculated PMV value falls within a range of starting or stopping of a preset heating and cooling device (24); And as a result of the determination, when the PMV value is within a preset operating range of the heating / cooling device, generates a control signal for operating the heating / heating system, and when the PMV value is within a preset stopping range of the heating / cooling device, Generating a control signal to stop the heating device (26).

First, the step 22 of calculating the PMV will be described in detail.

The PMV is an indicator of thermal comfort suggested by the international standard, and suggests a method for predicting the warmth and unpleasant degree (or thermal dissatisfaction) of a human body exposed to a general thermal environment, and specifies a comfortable thermal environment condition. Doing. The PMV is obtained by a combination of environmental factors that bring about thermal equilibrium as variables such as temperature, average radiation temperature, water vapor pressure (humidity), air flow, respiratory calorific value and workload (metabolism), and amount of wear. It is slightly warm (+1) Warm (+2) Hot (+3) and slightly cool (-1) Cool (-2) Cool (-2) Cold (-3) It is evaluated in three stages, and the input condition and range calculated by the actual device, and the formula for PMV are as follows.

PMV = (0.303 e- ^0.036M + 0.028) {(M-W) ^-3.05 * 10 ^-3

* [5733-6.99 (M-W)-pa]-0.42

* [(M-W)-58.15]-1.7 * 10 ^-5 M (5867-pa)

-0.0014 M (34-ta)-3.96 * 10 ^-8 fcl

* [(tcl + 273) ^4- (tr + 273) ⁴ ]-fcl hc (tcl-ta)}

From here,

tcl = 35.7-0.028 (M-W)-Icl {3.96 * 10 ^-8 fcl

* [(tcl + 273) ^4- (tr + 273) ⁴ ] + fcl hc (tcl-ta)}

hc = 2.38 (tcl-ta) ^0.25 for 2.38 (tcl-ta) ^0.25 > 12.1 root (Var)

hc = 12.1 root (Var) for 2.38 (tcl-ta) ^0.25 <12.1 root (Var)

fcl = 1.00 + 1.290 Icl for Icl <0.078 m ² / W (0.5 clo)

fcl = 1.05 + 0.645 Icl for Icl> 0.078 m ² / W (0.5 clo)

From here,

M: metabolic rate, unit: W / m ² at the surface of the human body, 1 metabolic unit = 1 met = 58 W / m ²

W: external work, unit: W / m ² , 0 for most activities

Icl: thermal resistance of clothing, unit: m ² / W, 1 unit of thermal resistance of clothing = 1 clo = 0.155 m ² / W

fcl: The ratio of the surface area of the human body to the body surface area when naked

ta: air temperature

tr: mean radiant temperature

Var: relative air velocity, unit: m / s

Pa: partial water vapour pressure, unit: pascals

hc: convective heat transfer coefficient, unit: W / m ²

tcl: surface temperature of clothing

The above equations can be used to calculate PMVs for a combination of different amounts of activity, wear, temperature, average radiation temperature, air flow rate, and humidity. Although PMV indicators were derived under steady-state conditions, even if one or more variables are slightly changing, they can be applied well by using a time weighted average over the one hour immediately preceding that variable. The PMV indicator is recommended only for PMV values between -2 and +2, and only if the six major factors are within the following range.

M = 46 to 232 W / m ² (0.8 to 4 met)

Icl = 0 to 0.310 m ² / W (0 to 2 clo)

ta = 10 to 30

tr = 10 to 40

var = 0 to 1 m / s

Pa = 0 to 2700 Pa

Comfortable thermal conditions are recommended for inhabited spaces, which means that the PMV is in the range of -0.5 <PMV <+0.5.

When the PMV value is calculated by the above equation, the diagnostic control unit determines whether the PMV value falls within a preset operating range or stop range of the heating / cooling device (step 24). In this embodiment, the operating range or the stopping range of the heating and cooling device is set so that the range is -0.5 <PMV <+0.5.

3 to 5 schematically show a flow chart in which the operation of the cooling and heating apparatus is controlled by the calculated PMV value. Referring to FIG. 3, when the temperature is + 0.5 <PMV in winter, the heating device is stopped, and when the PMV <− 0.5, the control signal is generated. The control signal is transmitted to the heating device through a transceiver to transmit the heating device. Control start and stop. The transceiver is a wireless communication module, and may be ZigBee, IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN, or the like. However, in another alternative embodiment, the transceiver may be a wired communication module. Referring to FIG. 4, when the air conditioner is operated at + 0.5 <PMV in summer, the control unit generates a control signal to stop the air conditioner when PMV <-0.5, and the control signal is transmitted to the air conditioner through a transmitter / receiver. Control start and stop. Referring to FIG. 5, in the spring and autumn seasons, a control signal for stopping a cooling / heating device when -0.5 ≤ PMV ≤ + 0.5, activating a heating device when PMV <-0.5, and operating a cooling device when + 0.5 <PMV The control signal is transmitted to the cooling and heating device through the transmission and reception unit to control the start and stop of the heating and cooling device.

6 shows another embodiment of the step 20 of generating the control signal. Referring to FIG. 6, when the heating apparatus is a heating valve, the generating of the control signal 20 may include calculating PMV values based on the values of the plurality of indoor heat factors and the amount of wear. ; Calculating (ΔPMV) 23 from the difference between the reference value-0.5 and the PMV value; And generating (25) a control signal for adjusting the opening of the heating valve in proportion to the ΔPMV. Specifically, the step 25 of generating a control signal for controlling the opening of the heating valve in proportion to ΔPMV is specifically described. When 0 <ΔPMV <0.3, the heating valve is opened by 10%, and when 0.3 ≦ ΔPMV <0.5, the heating is performed. Open the valve 30% and generate a control signal that opens the heating valve 50% if 0.5 ≦ ΔPMV <1. That is, as the value of ΔPMV increases, a control signal for expanding the opening of the heating valve is generated. The control signal is transmitted to the heating valve through the transceiver to control the proportional opening of the heating valve.

As such, according to the present invention, by detecting various indoor heating factors in real time and calculating the PMV value based on the detected heating factor values to control the operation of the indoor cooling and heating device, while maintaining a comfortable indoor heating environment, Overheating is prevented, and energy efficient indoor thermal environment control is realized.

On the other hand, in the sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using a wireless communication according to the present invention, the display unit displays at least one of the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors, the PMV value and the operating conditions of the heating and cooling device. A step 40 is performed. FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a screen on which values of a plurality of indoor heating factors, PMV values, and operating conditions of a cooling and heating apparatus are displayed. Referring to FIG. 7, temperature, humidity, and comfort indicators (PMV values) are displayed, and detailed graphs of the PMV values are displayed. The values of the plurality of indoor heating factors displayed are transmitted by the sensor unit to the display unit by wireless communication, and the PMV values are transmitted by the diagnostic control unit to the display unit by wireless communication, and the operating status of the air conditioning / heating device is air-conditioning. The transceiver receives the operation signal of the device and transmits it to the display.

As described above, according to the present invention, the value of the indoor heat factor, the PMV value, the operation status of the air conditioning unit and the like are transmitted and displayed by wireless communication, thereby providing the effect of providing indoor thermal environment information to the user in real time.

On the other hand, the indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication according to the present invention, the storage unit storing the data on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors, the PMV value, the operating conditions of the air-conditioning device And 50. Data stored in the storage unit may be transmitted to or downloaded by an external device. Therefore, it can be used as a basic data for creating a comfortable indoor heating environment and the health of the occupants.

While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and the technical field to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Anyone of ordinary skill in the art can make various modifications, as well as such modifications are within the scope of the claims.

1 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication according to the present invention.

2 schematically illustrates one embodiment of generating a control signal.

3 to 5 schematically show a flow chart in which the operation of the cooling and heating apparatus is controlled by the calculated PMV value.

6 illustrates another embodiment of generating a control signal.

FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a screen on which values of a plurality of indoor heating factors, PMV values, and operating conditions of a cooling and heating apparatus are displayed.

Claims (10)

Sensing a plurality of indoor thermal factors by the sensor unit; Generating, by a diagnostic control unit, a control signal for controlling a cooling / heating device based on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors and the amount of wear value detected by the sensor unit; And And transmitting and receiving the control signal to the air conditioning unit and receiving the operation signal of the air conditioning unit. The heating device is a heating valve, Generating the control signal, Calculating PMV values based on the values of the plurality of indoor heat factors and the amount of wear; Calculating ΔPMV from the difference between the reference value −0.5 and the PMV value; And Generating a control signal for adjusting the opening of the heating valve in proportion to the ΔPMV; Generating a control signal that opens the heating valve 10% when 0 <△ PMV <0.3, opens the valve by 30% when 0.3 ≤ Δ PMV <0.5, and opens the valve by 50% when 0.5 ≤ Δ PMV <1. Sensor based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using a wireless communication. delete delete delete delete  The sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a display unit displaying at least one of the plurality of indoor heating factors, the PMV value, and the operating status of the air conditioning unit. Based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method.  The method of claim 1, further comprising: a storage unit storing data on the values of the plurality of indoor heating factors, the PMV values, and operating conditions of the air conditioning and heating device. Sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and control method using wireless communication, characterized in that the data stored in the storage unit can be transmitted to or downloaded by an external device. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of indoor thermal factors include room temperature, room humidity, room average radiation temperature (MRT), activity amount and airflow speed sensor-based indoor thermal environment diagnosis and the use of wireless communication and Control method. delete delete

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