CN105509264A - Air conditioning system startup and shutdown control device based on indoor heat comfort state and method - Google Patents

Air conditioning system startup and shutdown control device based on indoor heat comfort state and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105509264A
CN105509264A CN201511022754.8A CN201511022754A CN105509264A CN 105509264 A CN105509264 A CN 105509264A CN 201511022754 A CN201511022754 A CN 201511022754A CN 105509264 A CN105509264 A CN 105509264A
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air
computing controller
building
records
wbgt
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CN105509264B (en
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丁勇
李百战
高亚锋
沈舒伟
刘学
唐浩
续璐
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2120/00—Control inputs relating to users or occupants
    • F24F2120/10—Occupancy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves

Abstract

The invention discloses an air conditioning system startup and shutdown control device based on an indoor heat comfort state and a control method. The device comprises an indoor data acquisition device, an outdoor data acquisition device, a computation controller and an electric valve. The indoor data acquisition device and the outdoor data acquisition device respectively comprise a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a black-bulb temperature sensor and a wind speed sensor, are respectively connected with a data inlet end of the computation controller, and form linkage control together with the electric valve. The computation controller is loaded with an adaptive predicted mean vote computation and comparison program. The electric valve is connected with the computation controller through a data connecting line and is connected with an original air condition system control box through a conducting wire. The control method of the device disclosed by the invention comprises the steps of comparing with an adaptive predicted mean vote obtained by the computation controller, giving out, by the computation controller, an action instruction to the electric valve, and then controlling the startup and shutdown of an indoor air conditioning system and the turning-on and turning-off of the indoor data acquisition device and the outdoor data acquisition device.

Description

Based on air-conditioning system on off control device and the control method of indoor thermal comfort state
Technical field
The invention belongs to the application of Computer Control Technology in Air-condition system control, be specifically related to a kind of air-conditioning system on off control device based on indoor thermal comfort state and control method.
Background technology
As time goes on, the mankind promote the progress of society by continuous Innovation and development, and its final object improves the living environment of self.Society now, the living standard of people significantly improves, and the living environment for oneself is more and more paid attention to especially.Wherein indoor environment is the important component part of people's living environment, the activity such as work, rest, amusement of people, much all carry out in indoor, how the quality of indoor environment and comfort level are directly connected to the quality of life of people and healthy, so create a health, comfortable, clean indoor environment is very important.
People, based on indoor thermal environment of building, in conjunction with the subjective feeling of people, propose the concept of hot comfort.Wherein " thermal comfort " refers to the subjective thermal response of human body to thermal environment, and only has the indoor environment of suitable temperature far can not meet the requirement of human body to thermal comfort.1962, Macpherson defines six factors affecting thermal comfort sensation: air themperature, flowing velocity, humidity, mean radiant temperature, metabolism rate and clothes thermal resistance are on the basis of these six factors, by controllable environment cell and the research of steady state thermal exchange model, Fanger establishes thermal comfort equation and decides by vote on the basis of ticket in the hotness having collected the tested object of 1396 U.S. and Denmark, he proposes the scale index that is comparatively objectively measured hotness---expection average ratings index PMV (PredictedMeanVote), with the cold and hot sensation of reflection to the most people of same environment.So, in Indoor environment thermal environment, as the parameters such as air themperature, air velocity, relative humidity, circumferential surface temperature all have impact to thermal comfort, we not only will consider the impact of single parameter on thermal comfort, for the mutual combination of different parameters, human thermal comfort will be discussed simultaneously.Based on this, simple indoor temperature and humidity analysis can not represent the judgement to indoor environment thermal comfort, and the expection average ratings index (PMV) of hotness is only to the indoor thermal comfort evaluation index of comparatively science.And do not using artificial Cooling and Heat Source, only undertaken in the room of thermal and humidity environment adjustment or region and unartificial Cooling and Heat Source thermal and humidity environment by Natural regulation or force ventilation, according to " civil buildings Indoor Thermal Environment evaluation criterion " GB/T50785-2012 to the evaluation of unartificial Cooling and Heat Source thermal and humidity environment, proposition should to estimate that adaptability evenly heat sensation index (APMV) is as Appreciation gist.
In order to solve indoor thermal comfort problem preferably, increasing people adopts air-conditioning system adjusting indoor environment, but outstanding along with social energy problem, the energy consumption problem of air-conditioning system also receives very high attention.Individual comparatively distinct issues are wherein had to be in air-conditioning system opening process, under indoor environment will be in uncomfortable state the long period, the requirement of people to indoor thermal comfort environment of rural can not be met, and when outdoor environment reaches comfort requirement, air-conditioning system can not quick closedown to meet energy saving requirement.
Why traditional air-conditioning on off control method can not meet indoor thermal comfort and power conservation requirement, it is artificial that most the underlying cause is that most of air-conditioning system on off control needs, though and remaining air-conditioning system on off control to be automatic induction test point be single Temperature and Relative Humidity of Indoor Air and and the thermally comfortable environment of non-integral.The drawback of this manual control start and stop method is, on the one hand when the uncomfortable artificial unlatching air-conditioning in human feeling indoor, indoor environment has become severe, and air-conditioning system cannot adjusting indoor environment quickly, has just had a strong impact on human thermal comfort sensation.On the other hand, when outdoor environment state meets comfortable, air-conditioning system can not be closed on fast reaction ground, just can cause the waste of the energy.And for existing automatic control start and stop air-conditioning system, its induction test point is the humiture of room air, lacks the judgement to indoor thermal comfort environment of rural comparatively science, also there is the drawback that above-mentioned air-conditioning system is uncomfortable, not energy-conservation.
Existing air-conditioning system control device, be made up of with the memory module of the corresponding sequence of dutycycle the occupancy controller of microprocessor, indoor temperature transmitter, humidity sensor, off-premises station start-up circuit, outdoor temperature data acquisition unit, off-premises station power supply and the corresponding sequence and hot comfort for storing hot comfort PMV and temperature, humidity, this device mainly makes operation of air conditioner on the equalization point of comfortableness, energy saving and health from the air-flow in control room, temperature, air humidity combination, provides comfortable, energy-conservation and healthy function.Its weak point is that this device has just carried out health energy-saving control when air-conditioning system is run, and does not carry out concern research to the start and stop part of air-conditioning system, causes air-conditioning system not opened in time and severe change and the energy waste of closing stopping time indoor environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problem that comfort type that the switching device in order to overcome existing air-conditioning system brings is poor, not energy-conservation, a kind of air-conditioning system on off control device based on indoor thermal comfort state is provided.Have easy to use, simple to operate, be quick on the draw, the features such as indoor thermal comfort state, economize energy can be regulated in time.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of air-conditioning system on off control device based on indoor thermal comfort state, mainly comprises house data harvester, outdoor data harvester, computing controller and electrically operated valve.
Described house data harvester comprises humidity sensor I, temperature sensor I, WBGT sensor I and air velocity transducer I, be installed in 1.1 meters, architecture indoor distance ground and locate beyond wall 0.5m, the data output end of described house data harvester is connected with computing controller respectively by supporting data connecting line.In order to the ambient parameter of accurate measurements indoor real-time when air-conditioning system is not opened, and be transferred to expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV computing controller, whether open the computational analysis of air-conditioning system, reach and can regulate in time, the control object of healthiness indoor environment is provided.
Described outdoor data harvester comprises humidity sensor II, temperature sensor II, WBGT sensor II and air velocity transducer II, be installed in beyond building outdoor distance wall 0.5m and locate, the data output end of described outdoor data harvester is connected with computing controller respectively by supporting data connecting line.In order to the ambient parameter of accurate measurements outdoor real-time when air-conditioning system is opened, and be transferred to expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV computing controller, whether close down the computational analysis of air-conditioning system, reach the control object of air conditioner system energy saving.
Described electrically operated valve is connected with computing controller by supporting data connecting line, is connected by the control end of wire with former Air-condition system control case simultaneously.Described electrically operated valve and house data harvester, outdoor data harvester form coordinated signals jointly, and when computing controller controls electrically operated valve closedown, house data harvester is opened, and outdoor data harvester cuts out.When computing controller controls electrically operated valve unlatching, house data harvester cuts out, and outdoor data harvester is opened.In order to the control signal according to computing controller, regulate the start and stop of air-conditioning system, reach air-conditioning system and open the object with energy-conservation closedown in time.
The loading of described computing controller commercial (producer's customization) estimates that adaptability evenly heat sensation index (APMV) calculates chip or the single-chip microcomputer of comparison program (producer's customization).The computing controller of this device is fixed on by the indoor air conditioner of former air-conditioning system.When air-conditioning system is not opened, in order to the data parameters that the transmission of real-time reception house data harvester comes, compared by the be averaged calculating of hotness index (APMV) value of program, and send control signal to electrically operated valve, realize air-conditioning system and start control timely, reach the object of indoor comfortable.When air-conditioning system is opened, in order to the data parameters that the transmission of real-time reception outdoor data harvester comes, compared by the be averaged calculating of hotness index (APMV) value of program, and send control signal to electrically operated valve, realize air-conditioning system closing control timely, reach the object of air conditioner energy saving.
Further, described house data harvester is installed in architecture indoor apart from 1.1 meters, ground and apart from 0.5 meter, wall place in addition.Described outdoor data harvester is installed in outdoor apart from 0.5 meter, wall place in addition.Described computing controller is fixed on by the indoor air conditioner of former air-conditioning system.Described electrically operated valve is installed in by indoor air conditioner.
Further, based on the control method of the air-conditioning system on off control device of indoor thermal comfort state, within described year, estimate that the computational process of the computing controller of adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV calculating comparison program comprises the following steps:
1) in computing controller program, setting section parameter value is shifted to an earlier date, it is worth mentioning that, described parameter value comprises human energy metabolism rate M, mechanical power W, the ratio of real surface human body surface naked with it after human dressing, building climate region building type is selected according to concrete condition.
2) by relative air humidity ψ that humidity sensor in indoor and outdoor data acquisition unit records α, the air themperature t that records of temperature sensor αdEG C, the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor replaces mean radiant temperature t rand the air velocity V that air velocity transducer records.
3) data in step 2 are all inputted in computing controller calculate.
The relative air humidity ψ that humidity sensor records αthe air themperature t recorded with temperature sensor αthe steam partial pressure P of human peripheral's air is calculated by formula 1 and 2 a, unit is Pa.
P a = ψ a × P s - - - ( 1 )
P s = 610.6 e 17.260 t a / ( 273.3 + t a ) - - - ( 2 )
In formula, ψ afor relative humidity; P srepresent saturated steam partial pressure, unit is Pa, and the WBGT that WBGT sensor records replaces mean radiant temperature t rclothes hull-skin temperature t is calculated by formula 3 with the human energy metabolism rate M, the mechanical power W that set in advance in computing controller program cl.
t cl = 35.7 - 0.028 ( M - W ) - I cl { 3.96 × 10 - 8 f cl [ ( t cl + 273 ) 4 - ( t r + 273 ) 4 ] + f cl h c ( t cl - t a ) } - - - ( 3 )
Wherein I clbe expressed as clothing thermal resistance, unit is m 2dEG C/W.
Work as I clwhen≤0.078, f cl = 1.00 + 1.29 I cl - - - ( 4 )
Work as I clduring > 0.078, f cl = 1.05 + 0.645 I cl - - - ( 5 )
The clothes hull-skin temperature t will calculated again clthe air velocity V recorded with air velocity transducer again substitutes into formula 6 and 7 and calculates convection transfer rate h c, unit is W/m 2.
When 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 < 12.1 V Time, h c = 12.1 V . - - - ( 6 )
When 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 > 12.1 V Time, h c = 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 . - - - ( 7 )
4) by set in advance in computing controller program parameter human energy metabolism rate M, mechanical power W, the ratio f of real surface body surface area naked with it after human dressing cl, the air themperature t that temperature sensor records a, the WBGT that WBGT sensor records replaces mean radiant temperature t r, the partial pressure of water vapor P of the air calculated in controller a, clothes hull-skin temperature t cland convection transfer rate h csubstitute into formula 8 to obtain, into estimated average hotness index pmv value, if PMV>=0, jumping to step 5), otherwise enter step 6).
PMV = [ 0.303 exp ( - 0.036 M ) + 0.0275 ] &times; { M - W - 3.05 [ 5.733 - 0.007 ( M - W ) - P a ] - 0.42 ( M - W - 58.2 ) - 0.0173 M ( 5.867 - P a ) - 0.0014 M ( 34 - t &alpha; ) - 3.96 &times; 10 - 8 f cl [ ( t cl + 273 ) 4 - ( t r + 273 ) 4 ] - f cl h c ( t cl - t &alpha; ) } - - - ( 8 )
5) according to the building climate district set in advance in computing controller program and building type, corresponding λ value when obtaining PMV >=0.
6) according to the building climate district set in advance in computing controller program and building type, corresponding λ value when obtaining PMV < 0.
7) pmv value that the adaptation coefficient λ obtained and computing controller calculate is substituted into formula 9 to calculate and estimate that adaptability evenly heat feels index APMV, and compared with control interval critical point, corresponding opening and closing instruction is sent to electrically operated valve.
APMV = PMV / ( 1 + &lambda;PMV ) - - - ( 9 )
APMV value being compared judges as follows with valve opening and closing: if the expectation adaptability evenly heat that computing controller calculates feels index APMV between two thresholds, will send out code by computing controller to electrically operated valve.If the expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV that computing controller calculates is not between two thresholds, send open command by computing controller to electrically operated valve.
Further, the control method of the air-conditioning system on off control device of described indoor thermal comfort state, comprises the following steps:
(1) start, in the program that computing controller is loaded, shift to an earlier date setting section parameter value, described parameter value comprises human energy metabolism rate M, mechanical power W, the ratio of real surface human body surface naked with it after human dressing, building climate region building type is selected according to concrete condition.
(2) computing controller sends out code to electrically operated valve, controls room conditioning and does not run, send enabled instruction, send out code to outdoor data harvester to house data harvester.
(3) relative air humidity that records from humidity sensor I in house data harvester of computing controller real-time reception the air themperature t that temperature sensor I records α 1, the air velocity V that records of the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor I and air velocity transducer I 1.The WBGT that described WBGT sensor I records replaces mean radiant temperature t r1, the data received are carried out the calculating of expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV value and are compared by computing controller.
(4) if the expectation adaptability evenly heat that computing controller calculates feels index APMV between two thresholds, jump to step 3, otherwise enter step 5.
(5) computing controller sends open command to electrically operated valve, controls indoor air-conditioning system startup optimization, and house data harvester cuts out, and outdoor data harvester starts.
(6) the relative air humidity ψ that records from humidity sensor II in outdoor data harvester of computing controller real-time reception α 2, the air themperature t that records of temperature sensor II α 2, the air velocity V that records of the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor II and air velocity transducer II 2.The WBGT that described WBGT sensor II records replaces mean radiant temperature t r2, the data received are carried out the calculating of expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV value and are compared by computing controller.
(7) if the expectation adaptability evenly heat that computing controller calculates feels that index APMV is between described two threshold values, jumps to step 8, otherwise enters step 6.
(8) computing controller sends out code to electrically operated valve, controls indoor air-conditioning system out of service, and outside control room, data acquisition unit is closed, and house data harvester is opened.Return and enter step 3.
It is worth mentioning that, the concrete value of described adaptation coefficient is see table 1.
Table 1 adaptation coefficient
Building climate district: A represents building and is in severe cold, cold district, B represents that building is in that Xia Redong is cold, hot summer and warm winter zone, temperate zone.
It is residential architecture, Store Building, hotel building or office that building type: C represents building type, and it is school building that D represents building type.
After the present invention adopts technique scheme, mainly contain following effect:
1, easy to use, control intelligently.The present invention is installed on outside architecture indoor, by data parameters inside and outside the real-time sensing chamber of data acquisition unit, automatically carry out calculating and contrasting by computing controller, and output regulation signal regulates the opening and closing of electrically operated valve automatically, complete the automatic control to air-conditioning system start and stop, avoid the hysteresis quality that people regulates for start and stop, eliminate manpower and materials simultaneously.Thus intelligentized control method is realized, easy to use, easy to utilize.
2, accurate, energy-conservation control.Present invention employs data acquisition unit Real-Time Monitoring, computing controller is chip or single-chip microcomputer that program is housed, automatically can estimate that adaptability evenly heat sensation index (APMV) calculates and compares to indoor and outdoor, measurement is accurate, precision is high, thus ensure that the thermal comfort of architecture indoor requires the energy-saving run with air-conditioning system.
3, volume is little, does not take construction area.Majority element such as the sensor of apparatus of the present invention is arranged in indoor and outdoor spaces, volume is little, do not affect building attractive in appearance, after the electric capacity of motor-driven valve and stabilizing circuit and resistant series, be installed in the control system of former air-conditioning system by control circui bus, do not take the construction area of Air Conditioning Facilities, save the space of machine room, decrease investment.
4, healthiness more.The present invention judges architecture indoor thermal comfort according to " civil buildings Indoor Thermal Environment evaluation criterion " GB/T50785-2012 to expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index (APMV) in unartificial Cooling and Heat Source thermal and humidity environment evaluation, the adjusting indoor environment that more science is suitable, improve the Thermal comfort that human body is in architecture indoor, and decrease air conditioning energy consumption to a certain extent.The present invention can be widely used in the air-conditioning system of the various building such as house, public building, is the energy-conservation again air-conditioning system start stop apparatus of a kind of comfortable control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention flow chart;
Fig. 2 is installation diagram of the present invention;
In figure: 1 is house data collector, 2 is outdoor data collector, and 3 is computing controller, 4 is electrically operated valve, and 1-1 is humidity sensor I, 1-2 is temperature sensor I, 1-3 is WBGT sensor I, 1-4 is air velocity transducer I, 2-1 be humidity sensor II, 2-2 is temperature sensor II, 2-3 is WBGT sensor II, 2-4 is air velocity transducer II, and 5 is indoor apparatus of air conditioner, and 6 is room.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, but should not be construed the above-mentioned subject area of the present invention and be only limitted to following embodiment.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, make various replacement and change, all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of for large public building based on indoor thermal comfort state air-conditioning system on off control device, house data harvester 1, outdoor data harvester 2, computing controller 3 and electrically operated valve 4.
Described house data harvester 1 (producer's customization) comprises humidity sensor I1-1, temperature sensor I1-2, WBGT sensor I1-3 and air velocity transducer I1-4, is installed in 1.1 meters, architecture indoor distance ground and locates beyond wall 0.5m.The data output end of described house data harvester 1 is connected with computing controller 3 respectively by supporting data connecting line.
Described outdoor data harvester 2 (producer's customization) comprises humidity sensor II2-1, temperature sensor II2-2, WBGT sensor II2-3 and air velocity transducer II2-4, is installed in 1.1 meters, architecture indoor distance ground and locates beyond wall 0.5m.The data output end of described outdoor data harvester 2 is connected with computing controller 3 respectively by supporting data connecting line.
Described electrically operated valve 4 is connected with computing controller 3 by supporting data connecting line, is connected by the control end of wire with former Air-condition system control case simultaneously.Described electrically operated valve 4 and house data harvester 1, outdoor data harvester 2 form coordinated signals jointly, when computing controller 3 control electrically operated valve 4 close time, house data harvester 1 is opened, and outdoor data harvester 2 cuts out.When computing controller 3 control electrically operated valve 4 open time, house data harvester 1 cuts out, and outdoor data harvester 2 is opened.
Described computing controller 3 (producer's customization) is carry to estimate that adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV calculates single-chip microcomputer or the chip (producer's customization) of comparison program.Be placed in the control cabinet of former air-conditioning system, transmit the temperature of the indoor and outdoor come, humidity, wind speed and WBGT parameter in order to data acquisition unit inside and outside real-time receiving chamber.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of for residential housing based on indoor thermal comfort state air-conditioning system on off control device, with embodiment 1, feature is: what computing controller 4 was commercial (producer's customization) is mounted with the single-chip microcomputer estimating adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV calculating comparison program, is placed on the side of indoor air conditioner.
Within described year, estimate that the computational process of the computing controller 3 of adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV calculating comparison program comprises the following steps;
1) in computing controller 3 program, shift to an earlier date setting section parameter value, described parameter value comprises human energy metabolism rate M=69.78W/m 2, mechanical power W=0W/m 2, the ratio of real surface human body surface naked with it after human dressing: summer f cl=1.1, winter f cl=1.63, building climate region building type is selected according to concrete condition;
2) by relative air humidity ψ that humidity sensor in indoor and outdoor data acquisition unit records α, the air themperature t that records of temperature sensor αdEG C, the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor replaces mean radiant temperature t rand the air velocity V that air velocity transducer records;
3) by step 2) in data all input in computing controller 3 calculate;
The relative air humidity ψ that humidity sensor records αthe air themperature t recorded with temperature sensor αthe steam partial pressure P of human peripheral's air is calculated by formula (1) and (2) a, unit is Pa;
P a = &psi; a &times; P s - - - ( 1 )
P s = 610.6 e 17.260 t a / ( 273.3 + t a ) - - - ( 2 )
In formula, P srepresent saturated steam partial pressure, unit is that the WBGT that Pa WBGT sensor records replaces mean radiant temperature t rclothes hull-skin temperature t is calculated by formula 3 with the human energy metabolism rate M, the mechanical power W that set in advance in computing controller 3 program cl.
t cl = 35.7 - 0.028 ( M - W ) - I cl { 3.96 &times; 10 - 8 f cl [ ( t cl + 273 ) 4 - ( t r + 273 ) 4 ] + f cl h c ( t cl - t a ) } - - - ( 3 )
Wherein I clbe expressed as clothing thermal resistance, unit is m 2dEG C/W;
Work as I clwhen≤0.078, f cl = 1.00 + 1.29 I cl - - - ( 4 )
Work as I clduring > 0.078, f cl = 1.05 + 0.645 I cl - - - ( 5 )
The clothes hull-skin temperature t will calculated again clthe air velocity V recorded with air velocity transducer again substitutes into formula 6 and 7 and calculates convection transfer rate h c, unit is W/m 2;
When 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 < 12.1 V Time, h c = 12.1 V - - - ( 6 )
When 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 > 12.1 V Time, h c = 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 - - - ( 7 )
In formula, V is expressed as air velocity, and unit is m/s.
4) by set in advance in computing controller 3 program parameter human energy metabolism rate M, mechanical power W, the ratio f of real surface body surface area naked with it after human dressing cl, the air themperature t that temperature sensor records a, the WBGT that WBGT sensor records replaces mean radiant temperature t r, the partial pressure of water vapor P of the air calculated in controller a, clothes hull-skin temperature t cland convection transfer rate h csubstitute into formula (8) to obtain, into estimated average hotness index pmv value, if PMV>=0, jumping to step 5), otherwise enter step 6);
PMV = [ 0.303 exp ( - 0.036 M ) + 0.0275 ] &times; { M - W - 3.05 [ 5.733 - 0.007 ( M - W ) - P a ] - 0.42 ( M - W - 58.2 ) - 0.0173 M ( 5.867 - P a ) - 0.0014 M ( 34 - t &alpha; ) - 3.96 &times; 10 - 8 f cl [ ( t cl + 273 ) 4 - ( t r + 273 ) 4 ] - f cl h c ( t cl - t &alpha; ) } - - - ( 8 )
5) according to the building climate district set in advance in computing controller 3 program and building type, corresponding λ value when obtaining PMV >=0; Adaptation coefficient λ=0.24 of AC building, λ=0.21 of AD building, λ=0.21 of BC building, λ=0.17 of BD building.
Wherein,
Adaptation coefficient
Building climate district: A represents building and is in severe cold, cold district, B represents that building is in that Xia Redong is cold, hot summer and warm winter zone, temperate zone;
It is residential architecture, Store Building, hotel building or office that building type: C represents building type, and it is school building that D represents building type;
6) according to the building climate district set in advance in computing controller 3 program and building type, corresponding λ value when obtaining PMV < 0; Adaptation coefficient λ=-0.50 of AC building, λ=-0.29 of AD building, λ=-0.49 of BC building, λ=-0.28 of BD building.
7) pmv value that the adaptation coefficient λ obtained and computing controller 3 calculate is substituted into formula (9) to calculate and estimate that adaptability evenly heat feels index APMV, and compared with control interval critical point, corresponding opening and closing instruction is sent to electrically operated valve 4;
APMV = PMV / ( 1 + &lambda;PMV ) - - - ( 9 )
APMV value being compared judges as follows with valve opening and closing: if the expectation adaptability evenly heat that computing controller 3 calculates feels index-0.5≤APMV≤0.5, will send out code by computing controller 3 to electrically operated valve 4; If expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV <-the 0.5 or 0.5 < APMV that computing controller 3 calculates, sends open command by computing controller 3 to electrically operated valve 4;
Wherein according to " civil buildings Indoor Thermal Environment evaluation criterion ", for ensureing that indoor are in the thermal and humidity environment that in I level thermal and humidity environment and crowd, 90% sensation is satisfied, the APMV value obtained in its computing controller 3 need control in-0.5≤APMV≤0.5.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 1, based on the air-conditioning system on off control apparatus control method of indoor thermal comfort state, comprise the following steps:
(1) start, in the program that computing controller 3 is loaded, shift to an earlier date setting section parameter value, described parameter value comprises human energy metabolism rate M=69.78W/m 2, mechanical power W=0W/m 2, the ratio of real surface human body surface naked with it after human dressing: summer f cl=1.1, winter f cl=1.63, building climate district and building type select AC, AD, BC or BD according to concrete condition.
(2) computing controller 3 pairs of electrically operated valves 4 send out code, control room conditioning and do not run, send enabled instruction, send out code to outdoor data harvester 2 to house data harvester 1.
(3) relative air humidity that records from humidity sensor I1-1 in house data harvester 1 of computing controller 3 real-time reception the air themperature t that temperature sensor I1-2 records α 1, the air velocity V that records of the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor I1-3 and air velocity transducer I1-4 1.The WBGT that described WBGT sensor I1-3 records replaces mean radiant temperature t r1, the data received are carried out the calculating of expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV value and are compared by computing controller 3.
(4) if the expectation adaptability evenly heat that computing controller 3 calculates feels index-0.5≤APMV 1≤ 0.5, jump to step 3, otherwise enter step 5.
(5) computing controller 3 sends open command to electrically operated valve 4, and control indoor air-conditioning system startup optimization, house data harvester 1 cuts out, and outdoor data harvester 2 starts.
(6) the relative air humidity ψ that records from humidity sensor II2-1 in outdoor data harvester 2 of computing controller 3 real-time reception α 2, the air themperature t that records of temperature sensor II2-2 α 2, the air velocity V that records of the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor II2-3 and air velocity transducer II2-4 2.The WBGT that described WBGT sensor II2-3 records replaces mean radiant temperature t r2, the data received are carried out the calculating of expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV value and are compared by computing controller 3.
(7) if the expectation adaptability evenly heat that computing controller 3 calculates feels index-0.5≤APMV 2≤ 0.5, jump to step 8, otherwise enter step 6.
(8) computing controller 3 sends out code to electrically operated valve 4, and control indoor air-conditioning system out of service, outside control room, data acquisition unit 2 is closed, and house data harvester 1 is opened.Return and enter step 3.
By in good time start and stop air-conditioning system, reach the thermal comfort in air-conditioned room and building energy conservation requirement.

Claims (4)

1. based on the air-conditioning system on off control device of indoor thermal comfort state, it is characterized in that: comprise house data harvester (1), outdoor data harvester (2), computing controller (3) and electrically operated valve (4);
Described house data harvester (1) comprises humidity sensor I (1-1), temperature sensor I (1-2), WBGT sensor I (1-3) and air velocity transducer I (1-4); The data output end of described house data harvester (1) is connected with computing controller (3) respectively by supporting data connecting line;
Described outdoor data harvester (2) comprises humidity sensor II (2-1), temperature sensor II (2-2), WBGT sensor II (2-3) and air velocity transducer II (2-4); The data output end of described outdoor data harvester (2) is connected with computing controller (3) respectively by supporting data connecting line;
Described electrically operated valve (4) is connected with computing controller (3) by supporting data connecting line, is connected by the control end of wire with former Air-condition system control case simultaneously; Described electrically operated valve (4) and house data harvester (1), outdoor data harvester (2) form coordinated signals jointly, when computing controller (3) controls electrically operated valve (4) closedown, house data harvester (1) is opened, and outdoor data harvester (2) cuts out; When computing controller (3) controls electrically operated valve (4) unlatching, house data harvester (1) cuts out, and outdoor data harvester (2) is opened;
Described computing controller (3) is carry to estimate that adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV calculates single-chip microcomputer or the chip of comparison program.
2. the air-conditioning system on off control device based on indoor thermal comfort state according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described house data harvester (1) is installed in architecture indoor apart from 1.1 meters, ground and apart from 0.5 meter, wall place in addition; Described outdoor data harvester (2) is installed in outdoor apart from 0.5 meter, wall place in addition; Described computing controller (3) is fixed on by the indoor air conditioner of former air-conditioning system; Described electrically operated valve (4) is installed in by indoor air conditioner.
3., based on the control method of the air-conditioning system on off control device of indoor thermal comfort state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control method comprises the following steps;
(1) start, in the program that computing controller (3) is loaded, shift to an earlier date setting section parameter value, described parameter value comprises human energy metabolism rate M, mechanical power W, the ratio f of real surface human body surface naked with it after human dressing cland building climate region building type is selected according to concrete condition;
(2) computing controller (3) sends out code to electrically operated valve, control room conditioning not run, enabled instruction is sent to house data harvester (1), out code is sent to outdoor data harvester (2);
(3) relative air humidity that records from humidity sensor I (1-1) in house data harvester (1) of computing controller (3) real-time reception the air themperature t that temperature sensor I (1-2) records α 1, the air velocity V that records of the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor I (1-3) and air velocity transducer I (1-4) 1; The WBGT that described WBGT sensor I (1-3) records replaces mean radiant temperature t r1, the data received are carried out the calculating of expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV value and are compared by computing controller (3);
(4) if the expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV that computing controller (3) calculates controls between two thresholds, jump to step 3, otherwise enter step 5;
(5) computing controller (3) sends open command to electrically operated valve (4), controls indoor air-conditioning system startup optimization, and house data harvester (1) cuts out, and outdoor data harvester (2) starts;
(6) the relative air humidity ψ that records from humidity sensor II (2-1) in outdoor data harvester (2) of computing controller (3) real-time reception α 2, the air themperature t that records of temperature sensor II (2-2) α 2, the air velocity V that records of the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor II (2-3) and air velocity transducer II (2-4) 2; The WBGT that described WBGT sensor II (2-3) records replaces mean radiant temperature t r2, the data received are carried out the calculating of expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV value and are compared by computing controller (3);
(7) if the expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV that computing controller (3) calculates controls, between described two threshold values, to jump to step 8, otherwise enter step 6;
(8) computing controller (3) sends out code to electrically operated valve (4), control indoor air-conditioning system is out of service, outside control room, data acquisition unit (2) is closed, and house data harvester (1) is opened; Return and enter step 3.
4. the control method of the air-conditioning system on off control device based on indoor thermal comfort state according to claim 3, is characterized in that: within described year, estimate that the computational process of the computing controller (3) of adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV calculating comparison program comprises the following steps;
1) in computing controller (3) program, setting section parameter value is shifted to an earlier date, described parameter value comprises human energy metabolism rate M, mechanical power W, the ratio of real surface human body surface naked with it after human dressing, building climate region building type is selected according to concrete condition;
2) by relative air humidity ψ that humidity sensor in indoor and outdoor data acquisition unit records α, the air themperature t that records of temperature sensor αdEG C, the WBGT that records of WBGT sensor replaces mean radiant temperature t rand the air velocity V that air velocity transducer records;
3) data in step 2 are all inputted in computing controller (3) and calculate;
The relative air humidity ψ that humidity sensor records αthe air themperature t recorded with temperature sensor αthe steam partial pressure P of human peripheral's air is calculated by formula (1) and (2) a, unit is Pa;
P a = &psi; a &times; P s - - - ( 1 )
P s = 610.6 e 17.260 t a / ( 273.3 + t a ) - - - ( 2 )
In formula, ψ afor relative humidity, P srepresent saturated steam partial pressure, unit is Pa;
The WBGT that WBGT sensor records replaces mean radiant temperature t rclothes hull-skin temperature t is calculated by formula (3) with the human energy metabolism rate M, the mechanical power W that set in advance in computing controller (3) program cl;
t cl = 35.7 - 0.028 ( M - W ) - I cl { 3.96 &times; 10 - 8 f cl [ ( t cl + 273 ) 4 - ( t r + 273 ) 4 ] + f cl h c ( t cl - t a ) } - - - ( 3 )
Wherein I clbe expressed as clothing thermal resistance, unit is m 2dEG C/W;
Work as I clwhen≤0.078, f cl = 1.00 + 1.29 I cl - - - ( 4 )
Work as I clduring > 0.078, f cl = 1.05 + 0.645 I cl - - - ( 5 )
The clothes hull-skin temperature t will calculated again clthe air velocity V recorded with air velocity transducer again substitutes into formula (6) and (7) calculate convection transfer rate h c, unit is W/m 2;
When 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 < 12.1 V Time, h c = 12.1 V ; - - - ( 6 )
When 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 > 12.1 V Time, h c = 2.38 ( t cl - t a ) 0.25 ; - - - ( 7 )
4) by set in advance in computing controller (3) program parameter human energy metabolism rate M, mechanical power W, the ratio f of real surface body surface area naked with it after human dressing cl, the air themperature t that temperature sensor records a, the WBGT that WBGT sensor records replaces mean radiant temperature t r, the partial pressure of water vapor P of the air calculated in computing controller (3) a, clothes hull-skin temperature t cland convection transfer rate h csubstitute into formula (8) to obtain, into estimated average hotness index pmv value, if PMV>=0, jumping to step 5), otherwise enter step 6);
PMV = [ 0.303 exp ( - 0.036 M ) + 0.0275 ] &times; { M - W - 3.05 [ 5.733 - 0.007 ( M - W ) - P a ] - 0.42 ( M - W - 58.2 ) - 0.0173 M ( 5.867 - P a ) - 0.0014 M ( 34 - t &alpha; ) - 3.96 &times; 10 8 f cl [ ( t cl + 273 ) 4 - ( t r + 273 ) 4 ] - f cl h c ( t cl - t &alpha; ) } - - - ( 8 )
5) according to the building climate district set in advance in computing controller (3) program and building type, corresponding adaptation coefficient λ value when obtaining PMV >=0; When PMV >=0, adaptation coefficient λ=0.24 of AC building, adaptation coefficient λ=0.21 of AD building, adaptation coefficient λ=0.21 of BC building, adaptation coefficient λ=0.17 of BD building;
Wherein for building climate district, A represents building and is in severe cold, cold district, B represents that building is in that Xia Redong is cold, hot summer and warm winter zone, temperate zone; For building type, it is residential architecture, Store Building, hotel building or office that C represents building type, and it is school building that D represents building type;
6) according to the building climate district set in advance in computing controller (3) program and building type, corresponding adaptation coefficient λ value when obtaining PMV < 0; As PMV < 0, adaptation coefficient λ=-0.50 of AC building, adaptation coefficient λ=-0.29 of AD building, adaptation coefficient λ=-0.49 of BC building, adaptation coefficient λ=-0.28 of BD building;
7) pmv value that the adaptation coefficient λ obtained and computing controller (3) calculate is substituted into formula (9) to calculate and estimate that adaptability evenly heat feels index APMV, and compared with control interval critical point, corresponding opening and closing instruction is sent to electrically operated valve (4);
APMV = PMV / ( 1 + &lambda;PMV ) - - - ( 9 )
APMV value to be compared and valve opening and closing judges as follows: if the expectation adaptability evenly heat that computing controller (3) calculates feels that index APMV is between described two threshold values, will send out code by computing controller (3) to electrically operated valve (4); If the expectation adaptability evenly heat sensation index APMV that computing controller (3) calculates is not between described two threshold values, send open command by computing controller (3) to electrically operated valve (4).
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