KR101133737B1 - system for tunnel ventilation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ventilation system of a tunnel, and the ventilation system of the tunnel according to the present invention is a ventilation system of a tunnel that circulates internal air of a tunnel in which a vehicle is operated, and is disposed inside the tunnel to introduce air from the outside. Inlet; An exhaust port spaced apart from the inlet port in a traveling direction of the vehicle to discharge the internal air of the tunnel to the outside; It is characterized in that it comprises a first nozzle unit which is installed in the rear of the exhaust port of the tunnel ceiling surface in the vehicle traveling direction, by injecting air to guide the internal air to the exhaust port side.

Thereby, the ventilation system of the tunnel which improves ventilation performance is provided.

Subways, Platforms, Tunnels, Air Curtains, Injection, Suction, Compressed Air, Ventilation, Pollutants

Description

Ventilation system for tunnels {system for tunnel ventilation}

The present invention relates to a ventilation system of the tunnel, and more particularly to a ventilation system of the tunnel that can increase the ventilation efficiency through the smooth discharge of pollutants in the tunnel.

The interior of the tunnel where trains, cars, subways, etc. operate is not easy to remove pollutants emitted because air circulation is not free due to the enclosed space. In order to solve this problem, the situation is forcibly exhausting pollutants using power.

In other words, the inlet and the exhaust port having a forced blower are disposed in the tunnel to exhaust the air inside the tunnel and contain the pollutants, while forcing the outside of the tunnel into the tunnel.

1 shows a ventilation system 10 of a tunnel in which a conventional inlet and an exhaust outlet are installed. Referring to FIG. 1, the air forced into the inlet 12 by the blower joins the internal air in the tunnel 11 to receive 100% of the harmful substances such as dust and dust and be discharged 100% through the exhaust port 13. Ventilation in the tunnel 11 takes place.

However, in the conventional tunnel ventilation system 10, only 20% of the inflow air is discharged to the outside due to the influence of wind induced when the vehicle, such as a train, car, subway, etc. in the tunnel, and the remaining 80% is not discharged. There was a difficulty in operating an efficient ventilation system, such as staying inside the tunnel 11 for a long time.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, and to provide a ventilation system of a tunnel that can improve performance by not being affected by wind induced by a vehicle.

The object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system for a tunnel for circulating internal air of a tunnel in which a vehicle is operated, comprising: an inlet disposed inside the tunnel for introducing air from the outside; An exhaust port spaced apart from the inlet port in a traveling direction of the vehicle to discharge the internal air of the tunnel to the outside; It is achieved by the ventilation system of the tunnel, characterized in that it is provided in the rear of the exhaust port of the tunnel ceiling along the vehicle traveling direction, and comprises a first nozzle portion for inducing the internal air to the exhaust port side by injecting air.

The apparatus may further include a second nozzle part installed on a surface facing the surface on which the first nozzle part is installed to induce air flow to the exhaust port side by injecting air.

The second nozzle unit may be installed below the first nozzle unit.

The apparatus may further include a third nozzle unit installed in front of the inlet along the vehicle traveling direction, and configured to induce inflow air introduced from the inlet to merge with the internal air by injecting or inhaling air.

In addition, the first nozzle unit may form air with a virtual vertical line extending from the first nozzle unit vertically downward to form 20 ° to 40 °.

According to the present invention, there is provided a ventilation system of a tunnel capable of directing internal air to an exhaust port.

In addition, it is possible to increase the ventilation performance by attaching the nozzle on both sides.

In addition, by installing the nozzles on both sides to be symmetrical with each other, it is possible to reduce the influence of the wind induced by the vehicle.

In addition, by installing a nozzle on the inlet side to allow the incoming air to join the internal air.

In addition, it is possible to easily change the flow of the internal air in a desired path by changing the air injection angle of the first nozzle.

Prior to the description, in the various embodiments, components having the same configuration will be representatively described in the first embodiment using the same reference numerals, and in other embodiments, different configurations from the first embodiment will be described. do.

Hereinafter, a ventilation system of a tunnel according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 is a schematic structure and name of the ventilation system of the tunnel of the present invention, Figure 3 schematically shows a ventilation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

2 and 3, the ventilation system of the tunnel according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes an inlet port 111, an exhaust port 112, and a first nozzle part 130.

The inlet 111 is installed on the ceiling surface inside the tunnel 110. Inlet 111 is a device for sucking clean air from the outside of the tunnel 110 to eject the inside of the tunnel 110, the air duct of the rectangular cross section is connected from the outside of the tunnel 110 to the inside of the tunnel 110, the outside A forced blower is attached to the end of the side air duct, so that external air can be forcibly blown inside.

The exhaust port 112 is installed on the ceiling surface of the tunnel 110 to be spaced apart from the inlet port 111 in the traveling direction d of the vehicle 113. The exhaust port 112 is a device for discharging the internal air of the tunnel 110 to the outside, the air duct of the rectangular cross section is connected from the inside of the tunnel 110 to the outside of the tunnel 110, the end of the outer air duct It is preferable that a forced blower is attached to exhaust the internal air to the outside.

In addition, the forced blower provided in the inlet 111 and the exhaust port 112 can selectively change the blowing direction corresponding to the direction in which the vehicle 113 proceeds by forward or reverse rotation of the internal impeller (impeller), equipment The role of the inlet 111 and the exhaust port 112 may be changed without re-installation.

The first nozzle unit 130 is installed on the ceiling surface on which the exhaust port 112 is installed, and is installed in close contact with the rear of the exhaust port 112 along the traveling direction d of the vehicle 113. The first nozzle unit 130 compresses air by using a compressor to form an air curtain by vertically injecting and spraying downward.

At this time, the speed of the injected air is preferably 5m / s to 30m / s economically productive in the use of the compressor applied, but is not limited thereto.

Next, a tunnel ventilation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 4 schematically shows a ventilation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention,

Referring to FIG. 4, the ventilation system of the tunnel according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes an inlet port 111, an exhaust port 112, a first nozzle part 130, a second nozzle part 140, The third nozzle unit 150 is included.

Since the inlet 111, the exhaust port 112, and the first nozzle unit 130 are installed at the same position in the same configuration as the ventilation system of the tunnel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, redundant description thereof will be omitted. .

The second nozzle unit 140 is installed on the bottom surface vertically downward from the first nozzle unit 130 to the first nozzle unit 130, and blows compressed air vertically upward on the first nozzle unit 130 side. do.

The third nozzle unit 150 is installed in close contact with the front of the inlet 111 in the traveling direction (d) of the vehicle 113. In addition, the third nozzle unit 150 forms an air curtain by compressing air by using a compressor and spraying downward while being perpendicular to the ceiling surface.

Next, a tunnel ventilation system according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 4 schematically shows a ventilation system according to a third embodiment of the present invention,

Referring to FIG. 4, the ventilation system of the tunnel according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes an inlet port 111, an exhaust port 112, a first nozzle part 130, and a second nozzle part 140. do.

Since the inlet 111 and the exhaust port 112 are installed in the same position in the same configuration as the ventilation system of the tunnel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, redundant description thereof will be omitted.

The first nozzle unit 130 is installed at the same position as the first embodiment described above. On the other hand, the angle formed by the virtual vertical line extending vertically downward from the first nozzle unit 130 and the compressed air injected from the first nozzle unit 130 is defined as the injection angle (θn), The injection angle θn of the nozzle unit 130 is 30 °.

The second nozzle unit 140 is installed on the bottom surface of the second nozzle unit 130 to face the first nozzle unit 130. In addition, the interval spaced apart from the point where the virtual vertical line extending downward from the first nozzle unit 130 and the bottom surface in the opposite direction of the traveling direction (d) of the vehicle 113 is defined as the spacing interval (b) , The spacing interval (b) of the second nozzle unit 140 is set within the range of 0 meters to 4 meters. In addition, the second nozzle unit 140 injects compressed air in a vertically upward direction, and the second nozzle unit 140 forms air in the air spray direction of the first nozzle unit 130 and injects 30 °.

Hereinafter, the ventilation process of the ventilation system of the tunnel according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention described above.

The inlet 111 introduces external air using a blower. At this time, the outside air introduced from the inlet 111 by preventing the injection air of the third nozzle unit 150 to prevent the influence of the wind generated by the vehicle 113, such as a train, a car, moving at a high speed in the tunnel. Join the internal air. The internal air that is joined with the air introduced from the outside is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 112 without being affected by the wind induced by the vehicle 113 through the first nozzle unit 130 and the second nozzle unit 140. And high efficiency ventilation.

Hereinafter, the results of numerical analysis for verifying the operation performance of the ventilation system of the above-described tunnel will be described later. The calculation area and boundary condition during the numerical analysis are set to 5 m / s of the wind speed induced by the vehicle 113, and the first nozzle part 130 and the second nozzle part ( The speed of the compressed air injected from the 140 is set to 20 m / s, the length (l) of the tunnel 110 is 50m, the width (w) of the tunnel 110 is 3.6m, the height of the tunnel 110 (h) is set to 5.5m.

On the other hand, the exhaust port in the numerical analysis is set to use natural exhaust air without power.

First, the case in which the first nozzle unit 130 is installed at the rear of the exhaust port 112 is defined as u1, and the second nozzle unit 140 is installed at the bottom surface of the first nozzle unit 130 vertically downward. The case is defined as b1, the case in which the separation interval b of the second nozzle unit 140 is 2 meters is defined as b2, and the case in which the separation interval b of the second nozzle unit 140 is 4 meters. Defined as b3, numerical analysis is performed for each case, and Table 1 below summarizes the numerical results for each case.

On the other hand, if the quantity of internal air is Q _in and the quantity exhausted by the exhaust port is Q _out , the ventilation efficiency (η) is defined as η = exhaust amount Q _out / internal air quantity Q _in through the exhaust port. In Table 1 below, the performance of the ventilation system of the tunnel is examined through the ratio of the amount of air exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 112 in the internal air.

6A to 6F show streamlines in the numerical analysis results in each case of [Table 1]. FIG. 6A shows u1, FIG. 6B shows b1, FIG. 6C shows b2, and FIG. 6D. In the case of b3, FIG. 6E shows a combination of u1 and b3, and FIG. 6F shows a streamline in the numerical analysis result in the case of combining u1 (injection angle θn = 30 °) and b3.

6A to 6F, streamlines of internal air are directed toward the exhaust port 112 due to the influence of the compressed air injected from the first nozzle part 130 and the second nozzle part 140 in each case. The ventilation efficiency (η) is improved compared to the case where the conventional nozzle unit is not installed.

In addition, when the first nozzle unit 130 and the second nozzle unit 140 are operated at the same time (u1 & b3) rather than when only the first nozzle unit 130 is installed, the first nozzle exhibits a high ventilation efficiency. When the injection angle θn of the unit 130 is fixed at 30 ° (u1 (θn = 30 °) & b3), further improved ventilation efficiency is shown.

Nozzle Position u1 b1 b2 b3 u1 & b3 u1 (θn = 30˚) & b3 Q _out [m ³ / s] 3.96 3.03 1.94 0.28 4.16 5.74 侶 (%) 7.99 6.12 3.92 0.56 8.40 11.59

[Table 2] below is based on the interpretation of [Table 1] by operating the first nozzle unit 130 on the ceiling and the second nozzle unit 140 on the bottom at the same time (u1 & b3), the first The results of numerical analysis on the relationship between the injection angle θn of the nozzle unit 130 and the injection angle θn on the ventilation efficiency η are summarized. Each was calculated by setting the injection angle θ n of the first nozzle unit 130 to 10 °, 20 °, 30 °, and 40 °, respectively.

The flow of internal air moves to the upper layer of the tunnel 110 by the air injection of the second nozzle unit 140 under the tunnel 110, and the injection of the first nozzle unit 130 formed at the downstream point of the exhaust port. The amount of exhaust of the internal air is increased by the air.

As the injection angle θn of the first nozzle unit 130 increases, the ventilation efficiency η increases, but when the injection angle θn decreases again at 40 °.

Injection angle (θn) 10˚ 20˚ 30˚ 40˚ Q _out [m ³ / s] 4.59
5.21 5.74 5.13 侶 (%) 9.27 10.53 11.59 10.36

7A to 7D show the streamline in the numerical analysis result in each case of [Table 2], and FIG. 7A shows u1 (θn = 20 °) when u1 (θn = 10 °) is combined with b3. ) And b3, FIG. 7C shows a combination of u1 (θn = 30 °) and b3, and FIG. 7D shows a streamline in the numerical analysis result of combining u1 (θn = 40 °) and b3. will be.

In the above [Table 2], as the injection angle (θn) increases, the ventilation efficiency tends to increase, but the ventilation efficiency (η) at 30 ° is the maximum, and when the injection angle exceeds 30 °, the ventilation efficiency (η Decreases.

7A to 7D, when the injection angle θn of the first nozzle unit 130 is 30 °, the air of the first nozzle unit 130 and the second nozzle unit 140 may be reduced. This is because the air curtain formed by the injection acts as a resistance of the wind induced by the vehicle to increase the amount of internal air discharged to the exhaust port 112.

On the other hand, when the injection angles θn of the first nozzle part 130 are 10 ° and 40 °, the air curtain formed by the injection air of the first nozzle part 130 faces the exhaust port 112. Since it also acts as a resistor for the flow of, the displacement is reduced than when the injection angle θn of the first nozzle unit 130 is 30 °.

As a result, the ventilation efficiency η increases in proportion to the injection angle θ n of the first nozzle unit 130, and then decreases again with 30 ° as the maximum point. However, the air injection angle θn of the first nozzle unit 130 is 20 ° in consideration of the position of each nozzle unit, the air injection speed, the size of the tunnel, the strength of the wind induced by the vehicle 113, and the like. It is preferable to determine in the range of -40 degrees.

In addition, the third nozzle unit 150 installed in front of the inlet port is formed in the vehicle 113 so that external air introduced from the inlet port 111 can be combined with the internal air by injecting compressed air to form an air curtain. It acts as a resistor of wind induced by.

Although the above-described numerical data is based on the non-powered natural exhaust as a boundary condition, the ventilation efficiency η is increased by the same principle and action even in the case of forced exhaust provided that a blower or the like is provided with power. Therefore, according to the ventilation system of the tunnel of this invention, an efficient and economical ventilation of a tunnel is possible by providing a nozzle part.

Further, although the first nozzle portion and the third nozzle portion of the ventilation system of the tunnel according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention form an air curtain by using a method of compressing and injecting air, the air intake is sucked in. By forming an air curtain using a method to induce and control the flow of the internal air. In addition, the first to third nozzle units are not limited to the above-described positions, and may be changed in consideration of various matters such as economical efficiency and the size of the tunnel.

The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but may be embodied in various forms of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. Without departing from the gist of the invention claimed in the claims, it is intended that any person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains falls within the scope of the claims described in the present invention to various extents which can be modified.

1 illustrates a ventilation system of a tunnel in which a conventional inlet and an exhaust port are installed,

2 is a schematic structure and name of the ventilation system of the tunnel of the present invention,

3 schematically shows a ventilation system of a tunnel according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

4 schematically shows a ventilation system of a tunnel according to a second embodiment of the present invention,

5 is a schematic view of a ventilation system of a tunnel according to a third embodiment of the present invention,

6A to 6F show streamlines in the numerical analysis results in each case of [Table 1]. FIG. 6A shows u1, FIG. 6B shows b1, FIG. 6C shows b2, and FIG. 6D. In the case of b3, Figure 6e shows a combination of u1 and b3, Figure 6f shows a streamline in the numerical analysis results when the combination of u1 (injection angle = 30 degrees) and b3,

7A to 7D show a streamline in the numerical analysis result in each case of [Table 2], and FIG. 7A shows u1 (injection angle =) when u1 (injection angle = 10 °) is combined with b3. 20 °) and b3, FIG. 7C shows a combination of u1 (injection angle = 30 °) and b3, and FIG. 7D shows a numerical analysis result of combining u1 (injection angle = 40 °) and b3. The wireline is shown.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: ventilation system of a conventional tunnel h: height of the tunnel

110: tunnel w: width of the tunnel

111: inlet l: length of tunnel

112: exhaust port d: direction of travel of the vehicle

130: first nozzle Q _in : Internal air volume

140: second nozzle portion Q _out : displacement through the exhaust port

150: third nozzle part θn: injection angle of the first nozzle part

Claims (5)

In the tunnel ventilation system for circulating the internal air of the tunnel in which the vehicle is running, An inlet disposed inside the tunnel for introducing air from the outside; An exhaust port spaced apart from the inlet port in a traveling direction of the vehicle to discharge the internal air of the tunnel to the outside; And a first nozzle unit installed behind the exhaust port of the ceiling surface of the tunnel along the traveling direction of the vehicle, and injecting air to direct the internal air to the exhaust port side. The method of claim 1, And a second nozzle part installed on a surface facing the surface on which the first nozzle part is installed to guide the flow of the internal air to the exhaust port side by injecting air. 3. The method of claim 2, The second nozzle unit, Ventilation system of the tunnel, characterized in that installed in the vertical lower portion of the first nozzle. The method of claim 1, Ventilation of the tunnel, characterized in that further installed in the front of the inlet in the direction of the vehicle, and injecting or inhaling air to guide the inlet air introduced from the inlet to join the internal air system. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The first nozzle unit, Ventilation system of a tunnel, characterized in that for blowing the air forming a virtual vertical line and 20 ° to 40 ° extending vertically downward from the first nozzle.

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