KR101131932B1 - Facility and method for manufacturing granular filler using bottom ash of thermal power station - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A facility and a method for manufacturing spherical filler based on the bottom ash of a thermoelectric power plant is provided to prevent pollution due to landfill leachate or drainage by reducing the amount of scraped bottom ash. CONSTITUTION: A facility for manufacturing a spherical filler based on the bottom ash of a thermoelectric power plant includes a filler material tank(10), a fuel tank(20), an oxygen tank(30), a sprayer(40), a chamber(50), and a cyclone(60). The sprayer includes a material introducing path, a first spraying path, and a second spraying path. The material introducing path is in connection with the filler material tank and receives filler materials. The first spraying path is in connection with the fuel tank and receives fuel. The first spraying path is in connection with the material introducing path and sprays filler materials and fuel into the chamber. The second spraying path is formed along the circumference of the first spraying path. The second spraying path receives oxygen from the oxygen tank and sprays the oxygen into the chamber.

Description

FACILITY AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING GRANULAR FILLER USING BOTTOM ASH OF THERMAL POWER STATION}

The present invention relates to a spherical filler manufacturing facility and method using a thermal power plant flooring, and more particularly, a spherical filler manufacturing facility using a thermal power plant flooring to process the fine powder obtained from the flooring generated in a thermal power plant with a spherical filler. And to a method.

Fly ash is usually divided into fly ash and bottom ash according to the location where it is generated. As of 2008, about 7.6 million tons are generated. Fly ash is spherical and is spherical and is rapidly cooled at high temperature and has latent hydraulic properties. It is used in various fields such as admixtures and cement raw materials by using its peculiar properties. It is being disposed of.

The recycling rate of the flooring material is very low because the properties and physical properties are heterogeneous and show very different characteristics compared to the fly ash. In the case of fly ash, the particle size is 200 μm or less and the shape contains a large amount of spherical particles, while the floor ash is present in various shapes ranging from fine powder to coarse aggregate size, and also varying in LOI content. . In addition, the floor ash trapped in the workplace has a high salinity concentration due to the use of seawater in the transport water, and it is difficult to find an appropriate recycling use because fly ash and pyrite generated in the powder are mixed. In addition, since most of coal used in domestic power plants is imported coal, its characteristics are not constant, so the characteristics of coal ash generated according to the quality and type of coal may be inconsistent. The properties of coal ash can change with the season.

Therefore, in order to effectively recycle the flooring, it is necessary to develop an integrated separation and refining system that can be used for various purposes according to the properties of the flooring by grasping the properties of the flooring. As a result, most flooring materials are disposed of in landfills. However, due to the difficulty of securing landfills due to the condition of land, there is a problem of polluting the environment of the sea and land by dumping the flooring material on land and sea.

On the other hand, fillers are widely used in a wide range of materials for the purpose of not only reducing the manufacturing cost of composite materials in the materials, parts and materials industries but also improving the functionality of resins and basic materials. Particularly, in the laminated structural material, 40-65w / w.% Is used as the filler, and the amount thereof is very large. The most widely used filler is calcium carbonate, produced from limestone or marble, which is processed and produced by use through various particle size distribution and processing. The second largest mass-filled filler after calcium carbonate is clay and is composed of hydrous aluminum silicate. Kaolin is widely used as a product of various particle size distribution by removing impurities by flotation using air or washing method using water. Alumina trihydrate and calcium sulfate are widely used as fillers for heat and flame resistance, and various types of fillers are widely used according to functions and uses.

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, to provide a spherical filler manufacturing facility and method using a thermal power plant flooring material capable of producing a filler essential to the production of a variety of products from the flooring generated in a thermal power plant. There is a purpose.

The spherical filler manufacturing facility using the thermal power plant flooring material according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a filler material tank that stores less than 200 mesh filler material while LOI 5% or less of the flooring material generated in the thermal power plant; ; A fuel tank in which fuel is stored; An oxygen tank in which oxygen is stored; An injector for injecting filler material and fuel and oxygen supplied from said filler material tank and fuel tank and oxygen tank; A space is formed therein, and the injection port of the injector is characterized in that it comprises a chamber for heating and spheroidizing the filler material by the flame sprayed by the injector.

According to the spherical filler manufacturing facility and method using the thermal power plant flooring according to the present invention, by filling the fine powder obtained from the ground ash generated in the thermal power plant as a starting material to reduce the landfill by drastically reducing the waste of the flooring material It is possible to reduce the cost, to prevent various pollution due to leachate or indiscriminate discharge of landfill, and to generate economic benefits by the production of fillers.

1 is a schematic diagram of a spherical filler manufacturing facility using a thermal power plant flooring according to the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of an injector applied to a spherical filler manufacturing facility using a thermal power plant flooring according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a front view of the injector applied to the spherical filler manufacturing facility using the thermal power plant flooring according to the present invention.
4 is a photograph of a filler according to the type of fuel.
5 is a photograph of a filler according to a sample fired after grinding and a sample fired without undergoing grinding.
Figure 6 is a photograph showing the length of the flame according to the ratio of fuel and oxygen.

As shown in Figure 1, the spherical filler manufacturing process using the thermal power plant flooring according to the present invention is as follows.

1. Material acquisition.

Floor material is composed of various particle size and LOI, and the filler material is preferably 200 mesh or less, 150 ~ 400 mesh, preferably 200 mesh, LOI 5% or less (lower LOI content is good and LOI 0% is also possible) Therefore, the lower limit is not limited, and the LOI measurable limit (for example, about 0.1 to 5%) is appropriate.

The present invention is made of only a fine powder of about 200 mesh in the flooring material, and the method of obtaining the filler material of the powder from the flooring may be various. For example, 1. Aggregate and non-aggregate (filler material of secondary fuel and fine powder) Specific gravity screening-2. Can be used for the process of secondary fuel and filler material screening (particle size screening-centrifugation).

1-1. Aggregate and non-aggregate specific gravity selection.

Various materials constituting the flooring material are distributed in a variety of specific gravity and particle size, etc. First, the material is separated into a relatively high specific gravity (hereinafter referred to as "aggregate") and a small specific gravity (non-aggregate), for example by an interference settler Separate. Aggregate has a high specific gravity but can be used as aggregate with less than 5% of LOI. Materials with relatively low specific gravity have a smaller specific gravity than aggregate but have various LOI and particle size.

1-2. Separation of secondary fuel and filler material from non-aggregates.

Non-ggregated non-aggregate is a mixture of materials that can be used as secondary fuel due to high LOI and materials that cannot be used as secondary fuel due to low LOI but are used as secondary fuel and filler material through particle size selection. Separate.

A single stage screen can be used to separate the secondary fuel and the finer filler material, but a two stage screen is used for higher purity screening of the secondary fuel and filler material. For example, if the secondary fuel is more than 100 mesh and the filler material is less than 200 mesh, the secondary fuel and filler material will be mixed in the particle size between the 100 mesh and 200 mesh. It is to use a two-stage screen.

Secondary fuel with a particle size of 100 mesh or more is screened through a 100 mesh first stage screen, and a mixture of 100 * 200 mesh is processed through a 200 mesh second stage screen with a particle size of 100 mesh or less passed through the screen of the first stage screen. And filler material of 200 mesh or less.

Secondary fuels of 100 mesh or more and filler materials of 200 mesh or less can be used as secondary fuels and filler materials without a separate process.

1-3. Centrifuge for secondary fuel and filler material.

The mixture of 100 * 200 mesh screened in step 2. is separated into secondary fuel and fine filler material by centrifuge.

Through the above process, a finely divided filler material is obtained.

2. Nodularization (Manufacture of Filler).

The filler material of 200 mesh obtained through the above 1. process was used. The filler material is selected for particle size and LOI, but the shape must be improved in spherical form for use as filler as a square.

1 is an illustration of a filler manufacturing facility, which is comprised of a filler material tank 10, a fuel tank 20, an oxygen tank 30, an injector 40, a chamber 50, and a cyclone 60.

Filler material tank 10, fuel tank 20 and oxygen tank 30 are each filled with filler material, fuel and oxygen and stored by respective pumps (filler material, fuel, oxygen) to injector 40 I send it to you.

LPG and acetylene are used as the fuel and injected into the chamber 50 through the injector 40.

As fuel, LPG, acetylene, and oxygen were mixed with air, and the flooring sample was freely dropped while being supplied into the chamber 50 by the combustion gas.

The temperature of the flame, ie the length of the flame, is adjusted by changing the ratio of fuel (C2H2, etc.) and O2 (oxygen or air). For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the length of the flame is 0.15 m for fuel 9.4 l / min and O2 28.3 l / min, and the length of flame is 16.5 l / min for fuel and 28.3 l / min O2. Lengthens to 0.25 m. In other words, if the flow rate of fuel is increased and the flow rate of oxygen is fixed, the flame length is increased when the flow rate of fuel is increased. In other words, the temperature increases.

The injector 40 injects the fuel, oxygen and filler material into the chamber 50 to spheroidize the filler material by heat, and as shown in FIG. 2, the fuel is configured to function as a carrier gas of the filler material. , One side of the body 41, formed in the longitudinal direction inside the body 41 and penetrates the longitudinal center of the body 41, the material supply passage 42, which receives the filler material stored in the filler material tank 10; Is connected to the fuel tank 10 and the fuel supply pipe, and the other side corresponds to the inside of the chamber 50 and the material supply path 42 is connected to freely drop the material from the material supply path 42 by the fuel chamber ( 50 is composed of a first injection passage 43 for spraying therein and one or more second injection passages 44 formed on the periphery of the first injection passage 43.

That is, the first injection path 43 of FIG. 2 is arranged in the direction orthogonal to the material supply path 42, and the second injection path 44 is formed at the circumference of the first injection path 43 as shown in FIG. 3. Arranged along the circumferential direction.

The chamber 50 provides a space in which the filler material injected by the injector 40 is heat-treated with a flame by fuel and spheroidized, and a bottom is provided with an outlet for discharge of the spheroidized filler and prevents damage by flame. It is made of fireproof material.

The cyclone 60 is intended to increase the purity of the filler and is generated during the process of spheroidizing the filler material and removes fines that are not suitable for use as a filler.

Hereinafter, various conditions for the preparation of the filler according to the present invention will be described in detail.

Fuel

LPG, acetylene gas, etc. are used as the fuel, and LPG is injected into the fuel at 0.8 to 1.2 kg / cm ² , oxygen is injected at a pressure of 0.8 to 1.2 kg / cm ² , and the flame temperature is set at 1,000 to 1100 ° C. and the filler was the amount of material to 1.3 ~ 1.7kg / hr, preferably the LPG is 1kg / cm ^2, acetylene is 1kg / cm ^2, air is 6-8kg / cm ^2, oxygen is 1kg / cm ^2, amount of the filler material Is 1.5 kg / hr. The optimal interval through the experiment is as follows. The spheroidization conditions were well achieved when the flame temperature was maintained at about 1,000 ° C. using LPG and compressed air (preheating) or some oxygen.

2. Visualization.

Under such conditions, a filler sample, fuel, and oxygen are injected into the chamber 50 through the injector 40, and in the process, a spark is ignited to produce an angular filler material as a spherical filler.

Specifically, ignition is achieved by injection of fuel, oxygen and sample. When the fuel is ignited and the oxygen and the sample are mixed and sprayed, the ignited flame can be heat treated. The facility is turned on and ignited by fuel, and then ignited by a ratio of oxygen to fuel to sample. As a result of observing the flame state when the flooring material is injected into the facility and the microstructure of the flooring material after heat treatment, ① When the flooring material is injected into the flame, combustion of unburned carbon occurs first, and then the ash melting Ash fusion temperature: ~ 1,220 ℃ or more. ② If the residence time of the flooring particles in the flame is not sufficient (Treatment I), the particulate unburned carbon in the flooring is first burned and then scattered and removed, and if the residence time of the flooring particles in the flame becomes longer (Treatment) II) In addition to combustion of unburned carbon, melting of some ash particles in the bottom ash occurs, and spherical particles are observed, but particles of 50 µm or more do not melt. ③ If unburned carbon is present in a large amount (CDQ Dust, VM = ～ 0), most of the heat is consumed for combustion of unburned carbon, and ash formation by the combustion reaction and filler-based materials cannot be formed under experimental conditions.

After the heat treatment, the particle size distribution was reduced in the bottom ash compared to the raw material, which is judged by the combustion of unburned carbon and the scattering of the fine powder during heat treatment.

From the above results, it was confirmed that spheroidization was sufficiently performed in the particles of about 200 mesh. Therefore, about 200 mesh of fine powder is produced and the unburned carbon is separated by the ground grinding material, purification, and screening technology, and the spheroidal filler is efficiently improved by increasing the residence time in flame and collecting efficiency by supplementing the floor heat treatment facility. Manufacturing will be possible.

If cyclone 60 is applied during spheroidizing of the filler, the cyclone 60 may remove the fines removed from the filler material, or may sort the spherical fillers and fines through a separate strainer.

When using LPG and air as shown in Figure 4, the temperature of the flame is about 930 ℃, some of the coarse particles less spherical, and when used in place of some oxygen, the temperature rises to about 1,000 ℃ to a large part of the spheroidization Progress has been seen, but black and glassy spheres have been observed by adults of the thermal power plant flooring itself. In the same condition, it was confirmed that spheroidization was well formed due to the synergistic effect of about 100 ℃ by air preheating.However, when acetylene gas was substituted for LPG, the flame temperature was increased by about 200 ℃ than LPG. Some melting phenomenon was observed.

Until now, the filler material has been described by only firing and spheroidizing, but in order to increase the spheroidizing efficiency of the filler, the grinding process may be performed before firing. That is, when the particle size of the flooring material is more than 200 mesh of the optimum particle size as the filler material is made of a sample of 200 mesh 75 ㎛ or less through pulverization and heat treatment.

FIG. 5 shows a photograph processed by the same conditions using a sample calcined through pulverization and a sample calcined without pulverization. When the firing sample is used, the spheroidization efficiency is lower than that of the pulverized sample. This is interpreted as a residual sample that has already melted during the firing process. It was confirmed that the coarse particles of 200 mesh or more containing some unburned carbon are difficult to be spherical, and the particles of 200 mesh or more are mostly spherical particles.

10: filler sample tank, 20: fuel tank
30: oxygen tank, 40: injector
50: chamber, 60: cyclone

Claims (9)

A filler material tank 10 in which a filler material of 150 to 400 mesh or less is stored while having a LOI of 5% or less among floor ashes generated from a thermal power plant;
A fuel tank 20 in which fuel is stored;
An oxygen tank 30 in which oxygen is stored;
An injector 40 for injecting filler material, fuel and oxygen supplied from the filler material tank, the fuel tank and the oxygen tank to maintain a flame temperature at 1000 to 1100 ° C .;
A space (50) formed therein, the chamber (50) having a spray hole of the injector corresponding to the inside to heat and form the filler material by a flame sprayed by the injector;
It includes a cyclone 60 for removing the fine powder generated inside the chamber,
The injector is connected to the filler material tank to supply the filler material 42, and is connected to the fuel tank to communicate with the material inlet while being supplied with the fuel to the fuel and the filler material together. First injection furnace 43 for injecting the inside of the chamber, receiving oxygen from the oxygen tank to inject into the chamber, a plurality of second injection furnace 44 formed in the circumferential direction around the first injection furnace Wherein the fuel is injected into the chamber together with the filler material while transporting the filler material through the first injection furnace, and the oxygen is injected into the chamber independently of the fuel. Spherical filler manufacturing facility using power plant flooring. delete delete As a spherical filler manufacturing method using a spherical filler manufacturing facility using a thermal power plant flooring according to claim 1,
The first-first step of gravity-selecting the bottom ash generated in the thermal power plant as aggregate (a) and non-aggregate, and the non-aggregate separated through the first-first step by a two-stage screen having a different size selection holes A secondary fuel (b) having a relatively large particle size and a LOI of 40% or more and a filler material (c) having a relatively small particle size and a LOI of 5% or less and a secondary fuel and filler material mixture having a particle size between the secondary fuel and the filler material ( d) separating the first and second fuel and filler material mixtures (d) selected through the first and second steps, and separating the second and second fuel and filler materials by centrifugation. A first step of obtaining a filler material of 200 mesh or less while including 5% or less of LOI;
A second step of improving the shape of the sphere by heat-treating the filler material obtained through the first step,
In the second step, the filler material, fuel and oxygen are supplied from the filler material tank 10, the fuel tank 20, and the oxygen tank 30 of the spherical filler manufacturing facility using the thermal power plant flooring material. Spherical filler is produced by injecting into the chamber 50 to form spherical filler from the filler material, injecting the fuel and filler material together through the injector, and injecting oxygen into the periphery of the fuel and filler material Spherical filler manufacturing method using a thermal power plant flooring, characterized in that the manufacturing. The method of claim 4, wherein in the second step, LPG is injected into the fuel at 0.8 to 1.2 kg / cm ² , oxygen is injected at a pressure of 0.8 to 1.2 kg / cm ² , and the input amount of the filler material is 1.3 to 1.7 kg / hr. Spherical filler manufacturing method using a thermal power plant flooring, characterized in that.
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