KR101130576B1 - Display method and device using photonic crystal characteristics - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a display method and an apparatus using photonic crystallinity. The display method using the photonic crystallinity according to the present invention is characterized in that the distance between the particles is controlled by applying an electric field in a state in which a plurality of particles having the same charge are dispersed in a solvent having an electrical polarization characteristic. It is done.

Description

DISPLAY METHOD AND DEVICE USING PHOTONIC CRYSTAL CHARACTERISTICS}

The present invention relates to a display method and a display device using photonic crystallinity. More specifically, the electric field is applied by applying an electric field in a state in which a plurality of charged particles are dispersed in a solvent having electrical polarization characteristics or in a state in which particles having charge and electrical polarization characteristics are dispersed in a solvent. The present invention relates to a display method and a display device using photonic crystallinity for controlling and controlling the wavelength of light reflected from the particles.

Recently, as research and development on next-generation displays have been actively conducted, various display means have been introduced. An example of a next-generation display is electronic ink. Electronic ink is a display that expresses a specific color by applying an electric field to a capsule containing particles of a specific color (for example, black and white, respectively) having negative and positive charges, respectively, which reduces power consumption and is flexible. There is an advantage to enabling the display. However, the electronic ink has a limitation in that it is difficult to express various colors because the color of the particles is fixed to a specific color, and there is a limitation that the display switching speed is not suitable for expressing a moving image.

Various methods have been proposed to fundamentally solve the problems of the conventional next generation display, and among them, a method of using the principle of photonic crystal can be considered.

Photonic crystal refers to a material or crystal having a characteristic of having a color corresponding to a specific wavelength by reflecting only light of a specific wavelength of incident light and passing light of the remaining wavelengths. Shells; Although they do not contain a pigment, they contain a unique photonic crystal structure, and thus they can give a unique color.

According to a recent study on photonic crystals, photonic crystals containing a certain material are crystallized by various external stimuli, in contrast to conventional photonic crystals in nature, which reflect only light of a specific wavelength. It has been found that the structure (for example, the interlayer thickness constituting the photonic crystal) can be arbitrarily changed, and as a result, the wavelength of light reflected back to the ultraviolet or infrared region as well as the visible region can be freely adjusted.

Accordingly, the present inventors will be able to implement a display method and a display device using photonic crystallinity reflecting light of arbitrary wavelengths by controlling an interval between particles by applying an electric field to a particle and a solvent having a charge or electric polarization characteristic. Attention was drawn to the present invention.

The present invention provides a display using photonic crystallinity capable of controlling the wavelength of light reflected from a particle by controlling an interval between particles by applying an electric field to a particle having a charge or electric polarization property or a solvent having the electric polarization property. It is an object to provide a method and a display device.

In addition, the present invention provides a photocrystalline property that can control the wavelength of the light reflected from the particles by controlling the intensity, direction and application time of the electric field applied to the particles having a charge or electrical polarization characteristics or a solvent having the electrical polarization characteristics An object of the present invention is to provide a display method and a display device used.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a display method and display device using photonic crystallinity that can independently control the distance between the particles by using a structure such as a capsule (cell), a cell, a split electrode, etc. .

In order to achieve the above object, the display method using the photonic crystallinity according to the present invention, by applying an electric field in a state in which a plurality of particles having a charge of the same sign is dispersed in a solvent having an electrical polarization characteristic of the particles Characterized in controlling the interval between.

In addition, the display method using the photonic crystallinity according to the present invention is to control the interval between the particles by applying an electric field in a state in which a plurality of particles having the same sign of charge and having electrical polarization characteristics are dispersed in a solvent. It is characterized by.

As the electric field is applied, an electric force generated between the electric field and the plurality of particles to cause electrophoresis for the plurality of particles, an electrical force generated between the plurality of particles having the same sign charge, and The electrical force generated by the electrical polarization interacts so that the spacing between the particles is maintained within a specific range, and the spacing between the particles is maintained within a specific range so that light of a specific wavelength range may be reflected from the particles. Can be.

An interval between the particles may change according to at least one of the intensity or direction of the electric field, and the wavelength of light reflected from the particles may change according to the change of the gap.

The particles may have charge on their own or may have charge due to a change in the nature of the particles.

The particles having the electrical polarization characteristics or the solvent having the electrical polarization characteristics may include a material that is polarized by any one of electron polarization, ion polarization, interfacial polarization, and rotational polarization.

The particles having the electrical polarization characteristics or the solvent having the electrical polarization characteristics may include a superparaelectric or ferroelectric material.

The particles having the electrical polarization characteristics and the solvent having the electrical polarization characteristics may include a material having a perovskite structure.

The particles and the solvent form a colloidal solution, and the absolute value of the electrokinetic potential of the colloidal solution may be 10 mV or more.

The difference in specific gravity of the particles and the solvent may be 5 or less.

The refractive index difference between the particles and the solvent may be 0.3 or more.

The dielectric constant difference between the particles and the solvent may be three or more.

The solvent having the electrical polarization property may include a material having a polarity index of 1 or more.

The particles and the solvent may be encapsulated by a capsule of a light transmissive material.

The particles and the solvent may be partitioned by a cell of insulating material.

The particles and the solvent may be interspersed in a light transmissive medium.

The region to which the electric field is applied may be divided into at least two partial regions, and an electric field may be applied to each of the divided at least two partial regions.

After applying the electric field to the particles or the solvent, an electric field in a direction opposite to the electric field may be applied to reset the distance between the particles.

A standby electric field may be applied to maintain the spacing between the particles at a predetermined interval before applying the electric field.

The spacing between the particles can be controlled by adjusting at least one of the intensity, time and period in which the electric field is applied.

Electric energy may be generated using light passing through the plurality of particles, and the electric field may be applied using the electric energy.

The electric field is applied through the upper electrode and the lower electrode, and by setting the intensity of the electric field to less than a predetermined value to control the range of movement of the particles to less than a predetermined value, the particles, the solvent, the upper electrode or the The unique color of any one of the lower electrodes can be displayed.

The electric field is applied through the upper electrode and the lower electrode, by setting the intensity of the electric field to a predetermined value or more to move the particles to at least a portion of any one of the upper electrode or the lower electrode, the particles, The unique color of any one of the solvent, the upper electrode or the lower electrode may be displayed.

An electric field is applied in a state in which the first particles having negative charges and the second particles having positive charges are dispersed in the solvent to control the distance between the first particles and the distance between the second particles, and between the first particles The spacing and the spacing between the second particles can be controlled independently of each other by the electric field.

The particles or the solvent may comprise a fluorescent material.

In addition, the display method using the photonic crystallinity according to the present invention controls an interval between the particles by applying an electric field in a state in which a plurality of particles having the same charge are dispersed in a solvent, but before applying the electric field. A standby electric field is applied to maintain the spacing between the particles at a predetermined spacing.

In addition, a display device using photonic crystallinity according to the present invention includes a display unit including a plurality of particles having a charge having the same sign and a solvent having an electrical polarization characteristic, and an electric field generation generating an electric field applied to the display unit. And an electric field in a state in which a plurality of particles having a charge of the same sign are dispersed in a solvent having the electrical polarization property, thereby controlling the distance between the particles.

In addition, a display device using photonic crystallinity according to the present invention includes a display unit including a plurality of particles and a solvent having electric charges having the same sign and an electric polarization characteristic, and an electric field generation generating an electric field applied to the display unit. And an electric field in a state in which a plurality of particles having a charge having the same sign and having electrical polarization characteristics are dispersed in the solvent, thereby controlling the distance between the particles.

As the electric field is applied, an electric force generated between the electric field and the plurality of particles to cause electrophoresis for the plurality of particles, an electrical force generated between the plurality of particles having the same sign charge, and The electrical force generated by the electrical polarization interacts so that the spacing between the particles is maintained within a specific range, and the spacing between the particles is maintained within a specific range so that light of a specific wavelength range may be reflected from the particles. Can be.

An interval between the particles may change according to at least one of the intensity or direction of the electric field, and the wavelength of light reflected from the particles may change according to the change of the gap.

The particles may have charge on their own or may have charge due to a change in the nature of the particles.

The particles having the electrical polarization characteristics or the solvent having the electrical polarization characteristics may include a material that is polarized by any one of electron polarization, ion polarization, interfacial polarization, and rotational polarization.

The particles having the electrical polarization characteristics or the solvent having the electrical polarization characteristics may include a superparaelectric or ferroelectric material.

The particles having the electrical polarization characteristics and the solvent having the electrical polarization characteristics may include a material having a perovskite structure.

The particles and the solvent form a colloidal solution, and the absolute value of the electrokinetic potential of the colloidal solution may be 10 mV or more.

The difference in specific gravity of the particles and the solvent may be 5 or less.

The refractive index difference between the particles and the solvent may be 0.3 or more.

The dielectric constant difference between the particles and the solvent may be three or more.

The solvent having the electrical polarization property may include a material having a polarization index of 1 or more.

The particles and the solvent may be encapsulated by a capsule of a light transmissive material.

The particles and the solvent may be partitioned by a cell of insulating material.

The particles and the solvent may be interspersed in a light transmissive medium.

The electric field generating unit may be divided into at least two partial regions, and an electric field may be applied to each of the divided at least two partial regions.

After applying the electric field to the particles or the solvent may further include a control unit for controlling to reset the interval between the particles by applying an electric field in the opposite direction to the electric field.

The controller may further include a control unit configured to apply a standby electric field to maintain the interval between the particles at a predetermined interval before applying the electric field.

The electronic device may further include a controller configured to control an interval between the particles by adjusting at least one of an intensity, a time, and a period to which the electric field is applied.

Further comprising a Taeang battery unit for generating electrical energy by using the light passing through the plurality of particles, it can be applied to the electric field using the electrical energy.

The electric field is applied through the upper electrode and the lower electrode, and by setting the intensity of the electric field to less than a predetermined value to control the range of movement of the particles to less than a predetermined value, the particles, the solvent, the upper electrode or the The unique color of any one of the lower electrodes can be displayed.

The electric field is applied through the upper electrode and the lower electrode, by setting the intensity of the electric field to a predetermined value or more to move the particles to at least a portion of any one of the upper electrode or the lower electrode, the particles, The unique color of any one of the solvent, the upper electrode or the lower electrode may be displayed.

The display unit may include a first particle having a negative charge and a second particle having a positive charge, and the spacing between the first particles and the spacing between the second particles may be independently controlled by the electric field.

The particles or the solvent may comprise a fluorescent material.

The display device using the photonic crystallinity according to the present invention includes a display unit including a plurality of particles and a solvent having a charge of the same sign, and an electric field generator for generating an electric field applied to the display unit. While the plurality of charged particles are dispersed in the solvent, the electric field is applied to control the spacing between the particles, but before the electric field is applied, a standby is performed to maintain the spacing between the particles at a predetermined spacing. A control unit for controlling to apply an electric field is characterized in that it further comprises.

According to the present invention configured as described above, by controlling the wavelength of the light reflected from the particles it is possible to achieve the effect of realizing a full color (color structure) color.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the distance between the particles can be controlled quickly and accurately, the effect of improving the response speed and suppressing afterimages is achieved.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the spacing between the particles can be controlled independently, the effect of enabling a more precise and independent display and facilitating maintenance and repair is achieved.

In addition, according to the present invention, since a flexible display is possible, an effect of facilitating use, transportation and storage of the display device is achieved.

1 and 2 are diagrams exemplarily illustrating a configuration of particles included in a display device according to an exemplary embodiment.
3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which particles or a solvent are polarized as an electric field is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram illustrating unit polarization characteristics by an asymmetrical arrangement of molecules according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a diagram showing hysteresis curves of the dielectric, ferroelectric, and superphase dielectrics.
6 is a view exemplarily showing a material having a perovskite structure that may be included in a particle or a solvent according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view conceptually showing a configuration for controlling the spacing between particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a view conceptually showing a configuration for controlling the spacing between particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
10 and 11 are views conceptually illustrating the configuration of display devices according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display device including an electric field generating unit including a plurality of electrodes according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of encapsulating particles and a solvent included in a display device into a plurality of capsules according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which particles and a solvent included in a display device are scattered in a medium according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which particles and a solvent included in a display device are partitioned into a plurality of cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.
16 to 18 are diagrams exemplarily illustrating patterns of voltages applied to a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
19 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display device including a solar cell unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
20 to 22 are views exemplarily illustrating a configuration of patterning an electrode constituting an electric field generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display device displaying black or white according to an embodiment of the present invention.
24 and 25 are graphs showing wavelengths of light reflected from particles when an electric field is applied in a state in which charged particles are dispersed in a solvent having electrical polarization characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention. to be.
26 and 27 are graphs showing wavelengths of light reflected from particles when an electric field is applied in a state in which charged particles are dispersed in various solvents having different polarization indices according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows.
FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating results of experiments on display performance according to an observation angle of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings that show, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. It should be understood that the various embodiments of the present invention are different but need not be mutually exclusive. For example, certain features, structures, and characteristics described herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in connection with an embodiment. It is also to be understood that the position or arrangement of the individual components within each disclosed embodiment may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention, if properly described, is defined only by the appended claims, along with the full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. Like reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same or similar functions throughout the several aspects.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

Display device configuration

In the display device according to the exemplary embodiment, a plurality of charged particles are dispersed in a solvent having electrical polarization characteristics, or a plurality of particles having electrical charge and electrical polarization characteristics are dispersed in a solvent. It is a main technical feature that a full color display can be realized by using photonic crystal characteristics by controlling an interval between particles by applying an electric field.

[Particles with charge]

1 and 2 are diagrams exemplarily illustrating a configuration of particles included in a display device according to an exemplary embodiment.

First, referring to FIG. 1, the particles 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be dispersed in the colloidal solvent 120 as particles having a negative charge or a positive charge. At this time, the particles 110 may be arranged at a predetermined interval from each other due to mutual repulsive force due to the charge of the same sign. The diameter of the particles 110 may be several nm to several hundred μm, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

2, the particle 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2 (a) may be composed of a core-shell (core-shell) (112) form of a heterogeneous material, As shown in (b) of FIG. 2, a multi-core 114 may be formed of a heterogeneous material. The cluster 116 may be formed of a plurality of nanoparticles as shown in FIG. In addition, the charge layer 118 having a constant charge may be configured to surround these particles.

More specifically, the particle 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention is silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co ), Lead (Pb), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), etc. Can be. In addition, the particles according to an embodiment of the present invention may be made of a polymer material such as PS (polystyrene), PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PET (polyethylen terephthalate). In addition, the particles according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured as a form in which a material having a charge on a particle or a cluster that does not have a charge, for example, the surface is formed by an organic compound having a hydrocarbon group Particles processed (or coated) by organic compounds having processed (or coated) particles, carboxylic acid groups, ester groups, or acyl groups, halogens (F, Cl, Br) , I, etc.) Particles whose surface is processed (coated) by complex compounds containing elements, particles whose surface is processed (coated) by coordination compounds containing amines, thiols, and phosphines For example, the particles may be charged by forming radicals on their surfaces.

On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order for the particles to maintain a stable colloidal state without being precipitated in the solvent to be described later and to exhibit photonic crystallinity effectively, the interelectrokinetic potential of the colloidal solution of the particles and the solvent (electrokinetic potential) (Ie, zeta potential) may be higher than or equal to a predetermined value, a difference in specific gravity between particles and a solvent may be lower than or equal to a predetermined value, and a difference in refractive index between the solvent and the particle may be greater than or equal to a predetermined value. For example, the absolute value of the interfacial potential of the colloidal solution may be 10mV or more, the difference in specific gravity of the particles and the solvent may be 5 or less, the difference in refractive index of the particles and the solvent may be 0.3 or more.

[Electric Polarization Characteristics]

In addition, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the particles or the solvent included in the display device may have an electrical polarization characteristic. The particles or the solvent may have an electron polarization, an ion polarization, or an interface as an external electric field is applied. It may include a material that is polarized by either polarization or rotational polarization.

3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which particles or a solvent are polarized as an electric field is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to (a) and (b) of FIG. 3, when the external electric field is not applied, the particles or the solvent maintain an electrical equilibrium, but when the external electric field is applied, electrons in the particles or the solvent move in a predetermined direction. Thus particles can be polarized. Referring to FIGS. 3C and 3D, when no external electric field is applied, the particles are disordered by unit polarization generated by the electrically asymmetrical components constituting the particles or the solvent. However, when an electric field is applied from the outside, particles or solvents having unit polarization may be rearranged in a predetermined direction according to the direction of the external electric field, and thus may exhibit a considerably large electric polarization value. have. Meanwhile, according to an embodiment of the present invention, unit polarization may occur in an asymmetrical arrangement of ions or in an asymmetric structure of molecules, and even in the absence of an external electric field due to such unit polarization, a fine residual polarization may be achieved. value) may appear.

4 is a diagram illustrating unit polarization characteristics due to asymmetrical arrangement of molecules according to an embodiment of the present invention. More specifically, Figure 4 shows the case of water molecules (H ₂ O) by way of example, in addition to the water molecules Trichloroethylene, Carbon Tetrachloride, Di-Iso-Propyl Ether, Toluene, Methyl-t-Bytyl Ether, Xylene, Benzene , DiEthyl Ether, Dichloromethane, 1,2-Dichloroethane, Butyl Acetate, Iso-Propanol, n-Butanol, Tetrahydrofuran, n-Propanol, Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate, 2-Butanone, Dioxane, Acetone, Metanol, Ethanol, Acetonitrile, Acetic Acid , Dimethylformamide, Dimethyl Sulfoxide, etc. may be employed as a material constituting the particles or solvent according to the present invention because the unit polarization characteristics can be represented by the asymmetry of the molecular structure. For reference, a polarity index used to compare polarization properties of materials is an index indicating relative polarization degree of the material when the polarization property of water (H ₂ O) is set to 9.

More specifically, the particles or the solvent according to an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of polarization increases as the external electric field is applied, even if no external electric field is applied, the residual polarization amount is large and the ferroelectric (hysteresis) remains hysteresis It may include a material, and may include a superparaelectric material in which the amount of polarization increases as the external electric field is applied and the residual polarization amount does not appear and no hysteresis is left when the external electric field is not applied. Referring to FIG. 5, a hysteresis curve according to an external electric field of the paraelectric material 510, the ferroelectric material 520, and the superphase dielectric material 530 may be checked.

In addition, the particles or the solvent according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a material having a perovskite structure, a material having a perovskite structure, such as ABO ₃ PbZrO ₃ , PbTiO ₃ , Pb (Zr, Ti) O ₃ , SrTiO ₃ BaTiO ₃ , (Ba, Sr) TiO ₃ , CaTiO ₃ , LiNbO ₃ , and the like can be given.

6 is a view exemplarily showing a material having a perovskite structure that may be included in a particle or a solvent according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 6, the position of PbZrO ₃ (or PbTiO ₃₎ PbZrO depending on the direction of the external electric field is applied to the _third (or PbTiO ₃₎ Zr (or Ti) (that is, B of the ABO ₃ structure) in the This may cause the polarity of the entire PbZrO ₃ (or PbTiO ₃ ) to be changed.

Meanwhile, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the solvent may include a material having a polarity index of 1 or more.

However, the configuration of the particles and the solvent according to the present invention is not necessarily limited to those listed above, but within the range in which the object of the present invention can be achieved, that is, within the range in which the spacing between the particles can be controlled by an electric field. Note that changes can be made accordingly.

[Operation principle and configuration of display device]

On the other hand, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field is applied to the particles and the solvent in a state in which a plurality of particles having the same charge charge is dispersed in a solvent having electrical polarization characteristics, the plurality of particles due to the charge of the particles In the particles of, electric attractive force proportional to the electric field intensity and the amount of charge of the particles are applied. Accordingly, the plurality of particles are electrophoresis and move in a predetermined direction, thereby narrowing the spacing between the particles. As the spacing is narrowed, the electrical repulsive force generated between the plurality of particles having the same sign with each other increases, so that the spacing between the particles does not continue to be narrowed, but a predetermined balance is achieved. On the other hand, due to the electrical polarization characteristics of the solvent, the solvent is polarized in a predetermined direction, thereby causing an electrical attraction locally, so that the interval between the plurality of particles electrically interacting with the polarized solvent is maintained at a predetermined interval. It becomes possible. That is, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the electrical attraction due to the external electric field, the electrical repulsive force between the particles having the same code charge and the electrical attraction due to the polarization of the plurality of particles at a distance forming an equilibrium (equilibrium) Can be arranged regularly. According to the above principle, the spacing between the particles can be controlled at a predetermined interval, and the plurality of particles arranged at a predetermined interval can function as a photonic crystal. Since the wavelength of light reflected from the plurality of particles arranged regularly is determined by the spacing between the particles, the wavelength of the light reflected from the plurality of particles can be arbitrarily controlled by controlling the spacing between the particles. Here, the pattern of the wavelength of the reflected light varies depending on factors such as the intensity and direction of the electric field, the size and mass of the particles, the refractive index of the particles and the solvent, the amount of charge of the particles, the electrical polarization characteristics of the solvent, and the concentration of the dispersed particles in the solvent. May appear.

7 is a view conceptually showing a configuration for controlling the spacing between particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 7, (a) when no external electric field is applied, the unit polarized solvent 710 around the charged particles 720 is strongly arranged in the direction of the particles by interacting with the charge of the particles, and gradually the particles. As the distance increases, the unit polarized solvent 710 is arranged in a disorderly manner. In addition, referring to FIG. 7, (b) the unit polarized solvent 710 positioned in a region where the influence of the particles 720 is not affected (ie, a region far from the particles 720) when an external electric field is applied. Is rearranged in the direction of the electric field, but the unit polarized solvent 710 located in the region of influence of the particle 720 (i.e., the region around the particle 720) exhibits an asymmetrical arrangement. Asymmetrically arranged polarization region 730 with a solvent 710 surrounding each other acts as one large particle that is electrically polarized to interact with another polarization region, thereby allowing charged particles to be spaced at a predetermined interval. It can be arranged regularly while maintaining.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention, when an electric field is applied to a particle and a solvent in a state in which a plurality of particles having a charge of the same sign and electric polarization characteristics are dispersed in a solvent, the plurality of particles are caused by the charge of the particles. In this case, an electrical attraction force proportional to the electric field intensity and the amount of charge of the particles is applied. Accordingly, the plurality of particles are electrophoresis and move in a predetermined direction, thereby narrowing the spacing between the particles. As it narrows, the electric repulsive force generated between the plurality of particles having the same sign charges with each other increases, so that the spacing between the particles does not continue to be narrowed to achieve a predetermined balance. On the other hand, due to the electrical polarization characteristics of the particles, a plurality of particles are polarized in a predetermined direction, and the electrical attraction is locally generated between the plurality of polarized particles so that the spacing between the particles can be maintained at a predetermined interval. do. That is, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the electrical attraction due to the external electric field, the electrical repulsive force between the particles having the same charge with each other and the electrical attraction due to the polarization of the plurality of particles at a distance (equilibrium) Can be arranged regularly. According to the above principle, the spacing between the particles can be controlled at a predetermined interval, and the plurality of particles arranged at a predetermined interval can function as a photonic crystal. Since the wavelength of light reflected from the plurality of particles arranged regularly is determined by the spacing between the particles, the wavelength of the light reflected from the plurality of particles can be arbitrarily controlled by controlling the spacing between the particles. Here, the pattern of the wavelength of the reflected light varies depending on factors such as the intensity and direction of the electric field, the size and mass of the particles, the refractive index of the particles and the solvent, the amount of charge of the particles, the electrical polarization characteristics of the particles, the concentration of dispersed particles in the solvent, and the like. May appear.

8 is a view conceptually showing a configuration for controlling the spacing between particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8, (a) when the external electric field is not applied, the particles 810 are not polarized, but (b) when an external electric field is applied, the particles of the electrical polarization characteristics included in the particles 810 are applied. The particles 810 may be polarized, thereby allowing the particles 810 to be regularly arranged at a predetermined interval.

In the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the greater the electrical polarization of the solvent or particle, the greater the degree of interaction between the polarization zone 730 or the particle 810 so that the particles become more regular. To be arranged.

9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, the display device 900 according to the exemplary embodiment may include a display unit 910 and an electric field generator 920. More specifically, according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 910 may include a plurality of particles 912 having electric charges having the same sign and having electric polarization characteristics dispersed in the solvent 914. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 910 may include a plurality of particles 912 having electric charges having the same sign as being dispersed in the solvent 914 having electrical polarization characteristics. On the other hand, the configuration of the display device according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention conceptually shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. Since the first and second embodiments of the present invention have already been described in detail with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, further descriptions of FIGS. 10 and 11 will be omitted.

First, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 910 reflects light of an arbitrary wavelength (that is, full color light when viewed in the visible light region) according to the intensity and direction of the applied electric field. This may be accomplished by controlling the distance between the particles 912 according to the strength and direction of the electric field applied to the display unit 910 according to the principle described above.

Next, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field generator 920 performs a function of applying an electric field of a predetermined intensity and direction to the display unit 910, and is applied through the electric field generator 920. The intensity and direction of the electric field may be appropriately controlled according to the wavelength of light that is desired to be reflected from the display unit 910.

12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display device including an electric field generating unit including a plurality of electrodes according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 12, the electric field generating units 1222, 1224, 1226, and 1228 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may more accurately and independently control the distance between the particles 1212 included in the display unit 1210. The plurality of electrodes 1222, 1224, 1226, and 1228 may apply an electric field to only a portion of the display unit 1210 independently, and the plurality of electrodes 1222, 1224, 1226, and 1228 may be applied. The silver may be individually controlled by a fine driving circuit such as a thin film transistor (TFT).

Meanwhile, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field generating units 1222, 1224, 1226, and 1228 may be made of a light transmissive material so as not to interfere with the progress of the light emitted from the display unit 1210. For example, it may be composed of indium tin oxide (ITO), titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ), carbon nanotubes, and other electrically conductive polymer films, which are light transmitting electrode materials.

12, the electric field generating units 1222, 1224, 1226, and 1228 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include the first electrode 1222, the second electrode 1224, and the third electrode 1226. And a fourth electrode 1228. First, since the electric field is not applied to the space covered by the first electrode 1222 to which no voltage is applied, the particles 1212 positioned in the space covered by the first electrode 1222 may be irregularly arranged. have. Therefore, the display unit 1210 controlled by the first electrode 322 may not display any color. Next, an electric field corresponding to the voltage is applied to a space covered by the second electrode 1224, the third electrode 1226, and the fourth electrode 1228 to which voltages of different levels are applied. Electric force due to polarization (i.e., the force causing electrophoresis), the electric repulsive force between the particles 1212 having the same charge charge and the electric attraction due to polarization of the particles 1212 or solvent 1214 Particles 1212 positioned in a space covered by the second electrode 1224, the third electrode 1226, and the fourth electrode 1228 may be regularly arranged at predetermined intervals, and accordingly, The display unit 1210 controlled by the second electrode 1224, the third electrode 1226, and the fourth electrode 1228 may reflect light having different wavelengths according to the corresponding region. For example, it may be assumed that the voltage applied to the fourth electrode 1228 is greater than the voltage applied to the third electrode 1226, which is located in the space covered by the fourth electrode 1228. The spacing between the particles 1212 may be narrower than the spacing between the colloidal particles 1212 positioned between the third electrodes 1226, so that the display portion 1210 controlled by the fourth electrode 1228 may be It is possible to reflect light having a shorter wavelength than the display portion 1210 controlled by the third electrode 1226.

Meanwhile, the display unit of the display device (not shown) according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include both particles having different charges, that is, particles having negative charges and particles having positive charges, and an electric field is applied to the display portion. As a result, the negatively charged particles and the positively charged particles may be arranged in a regular manner by moving in opposite directions, respectively. For example, when the upper electrode of the electric field applying unit is the positive electrode and the lower electrode is the negative electrode, the particles having negative charge may be arranged to move in the direction of the upper electrode, and the particles having positive charge may be arranged to move in the direction of the lower electrode. In this case, the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may reflect light of an arbitrary wavelength on both surfaces, thereby implementing a double-sided display. Furthermore, in the case where the charge amount of the negatively charged particles and the positively charged particles is different, the interval between the negatively charged particles and the positively charged particles may be different from each other as the electric field is applied. The display device according to the exemplary embodiment may reflect light having different wavelengths on both surfaces, thereby implementing a display in which both surfaces are independently controlled.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of encapsulating particles and a solvent included in a display device into a plurality of capsules according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 13, the particles 1312 and the solvent 1314 included in the display device 1300 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be formed into a plurality of capsules 1312, 1324, 1326, and 1328 made of a light transmissive material. Can be encapsulated. According to an embodiment of the present invention, encapsulation of the particles 1312 and the solvent 1314 may prevent direct interference such as incorporation between the particles 1312 and the solvent 1314 included in different capsules. In addition, due to the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) movement of the charged particles, the arrangement of the particles can be prevented from appearing unevenly, and the sealing of the particles and the solvent is facilitated to form a film of the display device. Can improve the workability. Accordingly, the distance between the particles included in the display device 1300 may be independently controlled for each capsule.

13, the display device 1300 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include four capsules 1312, 1324, 1326, and 1328, and may include the first capsule 1312 and the second capsule. The electrodes 1332, 1334, 1336, and 1338 positioned in the capsule 1324, the third capsule 1326, and the fourth capsule 1328 are provided with a first voltage, a second voltage, a third voltage, and a fourth voltage, respectively. It can be applied, and thus, each capsule to which electric fields of different intensities and different directions are applied will reflect light of different wavelengths. Therefore, according to the display device 1300 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, each capsule may be configured to be independent of each other.

On the other hand, unlike shown in Figure 13, even if the electrode and the capsule is not arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each other and the area covered by the electrode is smaller than the capsule or one capsule is covered by two or more electrodes According to the electrode pattern, an independent display may be implemented for any region of the display unit. That is, according to one embodiment of the present invention, when an electric field is applied to a specific region in the capsule by any one of a plurality of electrodes covering the capsule, only particles or solvents present in the specific region react to the electric field. Since the particles or the solvent present in the remaining regions do not react to the electric field, the region where the light of a specific wavelength is reflected (that is, the display region) may be determined by the electrode pattern.

14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which particles and a solvent included in a display device are scattered in a medium according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 14, particles and a solvent included in the display device 1400 according to an exemplary embodiment may be interspersed in a medium 1430 made of a light transmissive material. More specifically, the particles included in the display device 1400 may be partially dispersed by distributing a predetermined amount of particles and a solvent in a droplet form in a light-transmissive material 1430 that is not fluid to external stimuli such as an electric field. Can be isolated. That is, according to an embodiment of the present invention, by dispersing and dispersing a solvent in which particles are dispersed in the light transmitting medium 1430, it is possible to prevent direct interference such as mixing between particles or solvents included in different regions. Accordingly, the distance between the particles included in the display device 1400 may be controlled more independently.

14, the display device 1400 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of regions 1412 and 1414 included in the medium 1430. More specifically, the distance between the particles included in the first region 1410 located between the first electrode 1442 to which the first voltage is applied and the second electrode 1444 to which the second voltage is applied are located. The spacing between the particles included in the second region 1420 may be controlled independently of each other, such that the first region 1410 and the second region 1420 may reflect light having different wavelengths. Therefore, according to the display device 800 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to implement displays that are independent of each other.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which particles and a solvent included in a display device are partitioned into a plurality of cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 15, the particles 1512 and the solvent 1514 included in the display device 1500 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention are separated by a partition wall made of an insulator, and thus, the plurality of cells 1532, 1534, 1536, 1538). According to an embodiment of the present invention, by partitioning the particles 1512 and the solvent 1514, it is possible to prevent the direct interference such as incorporation between the particles 1512 and the solvent 1514 included in different cells. Accordingly, the spacing between the particles included in the display device 1500 can be controlled independently for each cell, and the arrangement of the particles is uneven due to the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) movement of the charged particles. It can be prevented from appearing.

On the other hand, unlike the case shown in Figure 15, even if the electrode and the cell is not arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each other and the area covered by the electrode is smaller than the cell or one cell is covered by two or more electrodes According to the electrode pattern, an independent display may be implemented for any region of the display unit. That is, according to one embodiment of the present invention, when an electric field is applied to a specific region in a cell by any one of a plurality of electrodes covering the cell, only particles or solvents present in the specific region react to the electric field. Since the particles or the solvent present in the remaining regions do not react to the electric field, the region where the light of a specific wavelength is reflected (that is, the display region) may be determined by the electrode pattern.

As mentioned above, when encapsulating, scattering, or partitioning the particles and the solvent in the medium according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to independently control the spacing of the particles for each capsule, each region, or each cell. Thus, a more precise display can be enabled, and an effect of facilitating maintenance and repair of the display device is achieved.

16 to 18 are diagrams exemplarily illustrating patterns of voltages applied to a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 16, a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention sequentially applies electric fields having different intensities and different directions with respect to particles and a solvent to implement a continuous display. The control unit may further include an initializing function. More specifically, the control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in sequentially applying the first voltage and the second voltage to the electric field generating unit for applying the electric field to the particles and the solvent, after applying the first voltage second By applying a reset voltage in the opposite direction to the first voltage to the particles and the solvent before the voltage is applied to perform the function of returning the interval between the particles arranged at a predetermined interval by the first voltage to the initial state do. As a result, the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention can improve the display performance by suppressing afterimages.

Next, referring to FIG. 17, the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention sequentially applies electric fields of different intensities and different directions to particles and a solvent to sequentially implement the display. It may further include a controller (not shown) that performs a function of maintaining the interval at a predetermined interval. More specifically, the control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention applied a standby voltage in advance in sequentially applying the first voltage and the second voltage to the electric field generating unit for applying the electric field to the particles and the solvent. By applying the first electric field and the second voltage in the state, the gap between the particles can be quickly controlled to the desired interval. As a result, the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may improve display performance by increasing response speed and speeding up screen switching.

Next, referring to FIG. 18, the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention sequentially applies electric fields of different intensities and different directions to particles and solvents to implement a continuous display. The controller may further include a controller (not shown) that performs a function of applying electric fields of various patterns in an application time. More specifically, the control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in applying a voltage to the electric field generating unit for applying the electric field to the particles and the solvent, (a) can increase or decrease the level of the voltage to a predetermined voltage, (b) It can optionally increase or decrease the application time or period of the voltage, and (c) by repeatedly applying the discontinuous pulse voltage, the same effect as when the voltage is applied continuously. As a result, the display device according to an exemplary embodiment may improve display performance by enabling various types of display and reducing power consumption.

However, the electric field application pattern according to the present invention is not necessarily limited to those listed above, but may be suitably within the range in which the object of the present invention can be achieved, that is, within the range in which the spacing between particles can be controlled by the electric field. Note that it may change.

19 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display device including a solar cell unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 19, the display device 1900 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may further include a solar cell unit 1930 that performs a function of generating electromotive force by using light passing through the display device 1900. Can be. Electromotive force generated by the solar cell unit 1930 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be used to generate a voltage applied to the electric field generator 1920, whereby the display device 1900 supplies an external power supply. It is possible to implement a photonic crystal display without depending on. However, the combination of the display device and the solar cell unit according to the present invention is not necessarily limited to those listed above, and the electromotive force generated by the solar cell unit may be used for other purposes than driving the display device. will be.

20 to 22 are views exemplarily illustrating a configuration of patterning an electrode constituting an electric field generating unit, according to an exemplary embodiment.

First, referring to FIG. 20, a lattice-shaped insulating layer 2030 may be formed on the lower electrode 2025 (or the upper electrode 2020) of the electric field generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. The lower electrode 2025 (or the upper electrode 2020) may be patterned at regular intervals.

According to the display device illustrated in FIG. 20, the patterning interval of the electrode may be implemented in the order of several um to several hundred um to prevent the irregular arrangement of the particles due to the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) movement of the charged particles. As a result, a uniform display can be realized. In particular, the effect of being able to effectively prevent the phenomenon of the particles due to electro-hydraulic movement is achieved without a complicated process such as encapsulation or cell compartmentalization, which requires a lot of time and cost.

Next, referring to FIG. 21, the lower electrode (or the upper electrode) of the electric field generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention may be divided into two electrodes (the first electrode 2120 and the second electrode 2125). Can be. More specifically, referring to FIG. 22, the first electrode 2220 and the second electrode 2225 constituting the lower electrode (or upper electrode) of the electric field generator according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention have a sawtooth shape that is alternate with each other. It may be patterned.

According to the display device illustrated in FIGS. 21 and 22, since the electrode may be implemented on only one substrate, it may be advantageous in terms of cost reduction, and the operation speed of the display device may be reduced by reducing the distance that particles move as the electric field is applied. The effect of being able to do it quickly is achieved.

However, the electrode pattern according to the present invention is not necessarily limited to those enumerated above, and may be appropriately changed within the range in which the object of the present invention can be achieved, that is, within the range in which the spacing between particles can be controlled by an electric field. Let's be clear.

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a display device displaying black or white according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Since the display device using the photonic crystallinity operates based on the principle of selectively reflecting light of a specific wavelength among the incident light, it may not be easy to implement a full black or white display using the display device using the photonic crystallinity. have.

Referring to FIG. 23, the display unit 2310 may include black particles 2312, and the electric field applying unit may include a transparent upper electrode 2320 and white first and second lower electrodes 2232 and 2324. have. More specifically, (a) when the intensity of the electric field applied to the display unit 2310 is less than the predetermined value or the electric field is not applied, the particles 2312 may not form a photonic crystal and may reflect their own color, black. The display unit 2310 displays black. Next, (b) when an electric field having an appropriate intensity is applied to the display unit 2310, light having a desired wavelength may be reflected from the particles 2312 constituting the photonic crystal. Next, (c) when the electric field is applied to the display unit 2310 to a predetermined value or more, the spacing between the particles 2312 may not be maintained at an appropriate interval and may be concentrated in one place, for example, the first lower electrode. When an electric field of a predetermined value or more is applied only to the portion 2232, all the particles 2312 included in the display unit 2310 are not formed in a photonic crystal and are concentrated in a narrow area covered by the first lower electrode 2232. Accordingly, the second lower electrode 2324 may reflect white, which is its own color, and the display unit 2310 displays white.

However, although the colors of the particles and the electrodes are specified as black and white in the embodiment of FIG. 23, the colors of the particles and the electrodes applicable to the display device of the present invention may be changed. .

Meanwhile, a display device (not shown) according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a display unit and an electric field generating unit, and the display unit may include a plurality of particles having a charge having the same sign as dispersed in an arbitrary solvent. .

According to another embodiment of the present invention, when an electric field is applied to the particles, electric charges in a predetermined direction act on the particles due to the electric charges of the particles, thereby narrowing the distance between the particles biased to one side. At the same time, electrical repulsive force is applied between the particles having the same charge. Therefore, the spacing between the particles can be determined according to the relative strength of the electrical repulsive force between the particles having the same sign charge as the electrical attraction due to the electric field, so that a plurality of particles arranged at a predetermined interval can function as a photonic crystal. You can do it. That is, since the wavelength of the light reflected from the plurality of regularly arranged particles is determined by the distance between the particles, the wavelength of the light reflected from the particles can be changed by controlling the distance between the particles.

In addition, the display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, in order to implement a continuous display by applying an electric field of different intensity and different directions to the particles in sequence, to maintain the interval between the particles at a predetermined interval in advance It may further include a controller (not shown) that performs a function. Referring to FIG. 17, the control unit according to another embodiment of the present invention, in order to sequentially apply the first voltage and the second voltage to the electric field generating unit for applying the electric field to the particles, the offset (offset) voltage in advance By applying the first electric field and the second voltage in the applied state, the gap between the particles can be quickly controlled to the desired interval. As a result, the display device according to another exemplary embodiment may improve display performance by increasing a response speed and speeding up screen switching.

Experiment result

First, FIG. 24 and FIG. 25 are graphs showing wavelengths of light reflected from particles as a result of experiments in which an electric field is applied in a state in which charged particles are dispersed in a solvent having electrical polarization characteristics, according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows. For reference, in the experiments of FIGS. 24 and 25, particles having a charge of 100 nm to 200 nm charged with negative charge and coated with a silicon oxide film were used as particles having a charge, and a polarization index was 1 as a solvent having electrical polarization characteristics. Larger solvents were used, and the intensity of the voltage applied to apply the electric field to the particles and the solvent was varied in the range of 0V to 5V. Meanwhile, the graphs shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 show reflectances of light reflected from particles in the visible light band when electric fields of various intensities are applied, and the degree of change in the wavelength pattern of the reflected light according to the change of the electric field intensity is increased. The larger means that the spacing between the particles changes significantly, which means that by controlling the intensity of the electric field, it is possible to reflect light of more wavelengths from the particles.

Referring to FIG. 24, it can be seen that the wavelengths of light reflected from the particles vary according to the intensity of the applied electric field (that is, the intensity of the voltage), and more specifically, the intensity of the applied electric field (ie, the voltage). As the intensity of) increases, the wavelength of the light reflected from the particles is shortened. According to the experimental result of FIG. 24, it can be seen that as the intensity of the applied electric field increases (ie, the intensity of voltage), the color of light reflected from the particles changes from a red color to a blue color. Referring to FIG. The color change of the reflected light can be visually confirmed through the above.

Next, FIGS. 26 and 27 illustrate wavelengths of light reflected from particles when an electric field is applied in a state in which particles having an electric charge are dispersed in various solvents having different polarization indices according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows as a graph. For reference, in the experiments of FIGS. 26 and 27, particles having a size of 100 nm to 200 nm charged with a negative charge and coated with a silicon oxide film were used as particles, and the polarization index was 0, respectively as a solvent having electrical polarization characteristics. Solvents of 2, 4 and 5 were used. More specifically, the graphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) of FIG. 26 show experimental results of solvents having polarization indices of 0, 2, 4, and 5, respectively, and the graph of FIG. 27. (a), (b), (c) and (d) mix a solvent having a polarization index of 0 and a solvent having a polarization index of 4 at a ratio of 90:10, 75:25, 50:50 and 0: 100, respectively. The experimental results for one solvent are shown. Meanwhile, the graphs shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 show reflectances of light reflected from particles in a visible light band when electric fields of various intensities are applied, and the degree of change in the wavelength pattern of the reflected light according to the change of the electric field intensity is increased. The larger means that the spacing between the particles changes significantly, which means that by controlling the intensity of the electric field, it is possible to reflect light of more wavelengths from the particles.

Referring to FIG. 26, it can be seen from the graph (a) showing an experimental result of a solvent having a polarization index of 0 that the wavelength of reflected light hardly changes even when the electric field intensity (that is, the voltage intensity) changes. As the polarization index increases (ie, from graph (a) to (d)), it can be seen that the change in the wavelength pattern of the reflected light according to the intensity of the electric field (that is, the voltage intensity) is large. Referring to FIG. 27, as the proportion of the solvent having a high polarization index increases (that is, from the graph (a) to (d)), the change in the wavelength pattern of the reflected light according to the intensity of the electric field (that is, the intensity of the voltage) It can be seen that appears large.

In view of the above-described experimental results, according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a light having an arbitrary wavelength may be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the amount of charge or polarization of a particle, the amount of polarization of a solvent, or the intensity of an applied electric field. It can be seen that it is possible to implement a reflective photonic crystal, and thus to realize a full color display.

28 is a diagram illustrating a test result of display performance according to an observation angle of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 28, even when the observation angle of the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is changed from 20 ° to 70 °, it is confirmed that there is little change in the color pattern 2810 of the reflected light. According to the conventional photonic crystal display device, the color pattern is greatly changed according to the viewing angle. However, according to the display device according to the present invention, it can be seen that there is almost no change in the color pattern according to the viewing angle. This is because the photonic crystal formed by the display device according to the present invention is a photonic crystal having a short range order. Accordingly, the display performance of the display device according to the present invention is a photonic crystal having a long range order. As compared with the conventional display device which is only formed, the display performance can be significantly improved.

In the above embodiment, the focus is on the display device using the photonic crystallinity, but the configuration of the present invention is a color variable glass, color variable wallpaper, color variable solar cell, color variable sensor, color variable paper, color variable ink, forgery It may be applied to various fields such as prevention tags. For example, by using the present concept, by converting a chemical signal obtained from a chemical reaction to be detected into an electrical signal and displaying it in an arbitrary color, a portable biosensor capable of detecting without expensive measuring equipment can be manufactured. As a solvent used in a display device, a material that can be phase-changed by light, heat, pressure, or the like may be used to implement an electronic paper or electronic ink that stably and stably reflects an arbitrary color. In addition, by including a material such as a fluorescent material or a quantum dot (QD) in the particles or solvent included in the display device according to the present invention, a display using a photonic crystal is realized in a bright environment and a fluorescent or quantum dot in a dark or ultraviolet environment. It is also possible to implement the display used.

As described above, the present invention has been described by specific embodiments such as specific components and the like. For those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, various modifications and variations are possible.

Therefore, the spirit of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, and all of the equivalents or equivalents of the claims as well as the claims to be described later will belong to the scope of the present invention. .

110: particle
112: core cell
114: multicore
116: cluster
118: charge layer
120: solvent
510: Genoelectric
520: ferroelectric
530: paraelectric
710: solvent
720: particle
730: polarization region
810: Particles
900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300: display device
910, 1010, 1110: display unit
912, 1012, 1112: particles
914, 1014, 1114: solvent
920, 1020, 1120: electric field generator
1210: display unit
1212: Particles
1214: solvent
1222, 1224, 1226, and 1228: electric field generator
1312: Particles
1314: solvent
1312, 1324, 1326, 1328: electric field generator
1332, 1334, 1336, 1338: first to fourth capsules
1410, 1420: first and second regions
1412, 1422: Particles
1414, 1424: solvent
1430 medium
1442, 1444: electric field generator
1410: Particles
1420: solvent
1430 medium
1510: display unit
1512: Particles
1514: solvent
1522, 1524, 1526, 1528: field generator
1532, 1534, 1536, 1538: first to fourth cells
1910: display
1912 particles
1914: solvent
1920: electric field generating unit
1930: solar panel
2010: display
2020, 2025: electric field generating unit
2030: insulation layer
2110: display unit
2120, 2125: electric field generator
2220, 2225: electric field generator
2310: display unit
2312: particle
2314: solvent
2320: upper electrode
2322: first lower electrode
2324: second lower electrode

Claims (84)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete A display method using photonic crystal characteristics,
A plurality of particles having a charge of the same sign are dispersed in a solvent,
At least one of the particles and the solvent has an electric polarization property-the electric polarization is induced when the electric field is applied, and the amount of electric polarization is changed as the applied electric field is changed,
Applying an electric field to control the distance between the particles in the state that at least one of the particles and the solvent is electrically polarized,
The interval between the particles changes according to at least one of the intensity or the direction of the electric field, the wavelength of the light reflected from the particles changes according to the change of the gap,
And wherein when the viewing angle varies between 20 ° and 70 °, the reflected light exhibits a rate of change within 5% of the x and y values in the CIE xy chromaticity coordinates. The method of claim 53 wherein
As the electric field is applied, a first electrical force generated between the electric field and the plurality of particles and causing electrophoresis for the plurality of particles, a second generated between the plurality of particles having the same sign charge The electrical force and the third electrical force generated by the electrical polarization interact to maintain the spacing between the particles within a certain range, and the spacing between the particles within a certain range as a specific wavelength range from the particles. The display method characterized by the light reflected. The method of claim 53 wherein
And at least one of the particles and the solvent having electrical polarization properties comprises a superparaelectric or ferroelectric material. The method of claim 53 wherein
The difference in refractive index between the particles and the solvent is 0.3 or more display method. The method of claim 53 wherein
And the solvent having the electrical polarization property includes a material having a polarization index of 1 or more. The method of claim 53 wherein
And the particles and the solvent are encapsulated by a capsule of a light transmissive material. The method of claim 53 wherein
And said particles and said solvent are partitioned by a bank of insulating material. The method of claim 53 wherein
And said particles and said solvent are interspersed in a light transmissive medium. The method of claim 53 wherein
Divide the region to which the electric field is applied into at least two partial regions,
And an electric field is applied to each of the divided at least two partial regions. The method of claim 53 wherein
And applying the electric field in the opposite direction to the electric field after applying the electric field to reset the gap between the particles. The method of claim 53 wherein
And a standby electric field is applied to maintain the interval between the particles at a predetermined interval before applying the electric field. The method of claim 53 wherein
And controlling the interval between the particles by adjusting at least one of a time and a period during which the electric field is applied. The method of claim 53 wherein
Generating electrical energy using light passing through the plurality of particles,
And the electric field is applied using the electric energy. The method of claim 53 wherein
The electric field is applied through the upper electrode and the lower electrode,
By setting the intensity of the electric field to less than a predetermined value to control the movement range of the particles to less than a predetermined value, so that the unique color of any one of the particles, the solvent, the upper electrode and the lower electrode is displayed. Display method characterized by the above-mentioned. The method of claim 53 wherein
The electric field is applied through the upper electrode and the lower electrode,
By setting the intensity of the electric field to a predetermined value or more to move the particles to at least a portion of one of the electrode of the upper electrode and the lower electrode, any of the particles, the solvent, the upper electrode and the lower electrode A display method characterized by displaying one unique color. The method of claim 53 wherein
Second particles having a charge of a sign opposite to the first particles having a charge of the same sign are further dispersed in the solvent,
And the spacing between the first particles and the spacing between the second particles are controlled differently from each other by the electric field. A display device using photonic crystallinity,
A display portion including a solvent and a plurality of particles having the same sign charge dispersed in the solvent, wherein at least one of the particles and the solvent has an electrical polarization characteristic—when an electric field is applied, electric polarization is induced and an applied electric field is changed. A display portion having an electric polarization amount changed according to
An electric field generating unit generating an electric field applied to the display unit,
An electric field is applied to the display unit to control an interval between the particles in a state in which at least one of the particles and the solvent is electrically polarized,
The interval between the particles changes according to at least one of the intensity or the direction of the electric field, the wavelength of the light reflected from the particles changes according to the change of the gap,
And wherein when the viewing angle varies between 20 ° and 70 °, the reflected light exhibits a rate of change within 5% of the x and y values in the CIE xy chromaticity coordinates. The method of claim 69,
As the electric field is applied, a first electrical force generated between the electric field and the plurality of particles and causing electrophoresis for the plurality of particles, a second generated between the plurality of particles having the same sign charge The electrical force and the third electrical force generated by the electrical polarization interact to maintain the spacing between the particles within a certain range, and the spacing between the particles within a certain range as a specific wavelength range from the particles. Display is characterized in that the light reflected. The method of claim 69,
And at least one of the particles having a polarization property and a solvent include a superphase dielectric material or a ferroelectric material. The method of claim 69,
And a refractive index difference between the particles and the solvent is 0.3 or more. The method of claim 69,
The solvent having the electrical polarization property may include a material having a polarization index of 1 or more. The method of claim 69,
And the particles and the solvent are encapsulated by a capsule of a light transmissive material. The method of claim 69,
And the particles and the solvent are partitioned by partition walls of an insulating material. The method of claim 69,
And the particles and the solvent are interspersed in a light transmitting medium. The method of claim 69,
Divide the region to which the electric field is applied into at least two partial regions,
And an electric field is applied to each of the divided at least two partial regions. The method of claim 69,
And applying an electric field in a direction opposite to the electric field after applying the electric field to initialize the gap between the particles. The method of claim 69,
And a standby electric field is applied to maintain the spacing between the particles at a predetermined interval before applying the electric field. The method of claim 69,
And controlling the interval between the particles by adjusting at least one of a time and a period during which the electric field is applied. The method of claim 69,
Further comprising a solar cell unit for generating electrical energy by using the light passing through the plurality of particles,
And the electric field is applied using the electric energy. The method of claim 69,
The electric field is applied through the upper electrode and the lower electrode,
By setting the intensity of the electric field to a predetermined value or more to move the particles to at least a portion of one of the electrode of the upper electrode and the lower electrode, any of the particles, the solvent, the upper electrode and the lower electrode A display device characterized by displaying one unique color. delete The method of claim 69,
Second particles having a charge of a sign opposite to the first particles having a charge of the same sign are further dispersed in the solvent,
And the interval between the first particles and the interval between the second particles are controlled differently from each other by the electric field.

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