KR101126534B1 - An apparatus of Piezoelectric harveting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a piezoelectric harvesting apparatus. The present invention is formed on the upper portion of the current transformer (CT), the copper plate or a flexible plate formed of a copper material (Cupper); It is fixedly attached to one side of the current transformer CT to induce a voltage by the piezoelectric effect according to the vibration of the current transformer, is formed on the top of one side of the copper plate or the sheet of flexible material made of piezoelectric ceramic, the vibration A first piezoelectric element in which deformation is made according to the direction of the impact; And a second piezoelectric element formed at a lower end of one side of the copper plate or a sheet of flexible material, and deformed according to the vibration. Characterized in that it comprises a.

Description

Piezoelectric harvesting apparatus {An apparatus of Piezoelectric harveting system}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for improving output in a piezoelectric harvesting apparatus using the basic characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics. More specifically, two piezoelectric ceramics, which are first and second piezoelectric elements, are formed on upper and lower portions of copper plates or flexible materials. By applying pressure and vibration at the same time, the output increases by simultaneously generating the k33 mode and the k31 mode of the piezoelectric ceramic, and consequently the piezoelectric for generating a larger output than the conventional piezoelectric ceramic attachment method. It relates to a harvesting device.

The energy collection method using piezoelectric ceramics has been studied a lot due to its structural simplicity and simple energy conversion mechanism. Piezoelectric ceramics are used as actuators or sensors because they have the characteristics of converting electrical energy into mechanical vibration energy or conversely converting mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy.

Therefore, by using the characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramics, by transmitting an unintended external vibration to the piezoelectric ceramic under various environments, it is possible to generate and collect electrical energy from the piezoelectric ceramic.

Energy that can accumulate electrical energy generated in piezoelectric ceramics by artificially inducing vibration of a current transformer (hereinafter referred to as CT) using the basic characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics and transferring the vibrations to piezoelectric ceramics It is necessary to develop a supply device for practical use as a small energy power supply device.

1 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between vibrations of magnetic fluxes according to magnetization of electric currents. The magnetic force is generated by forming magnetic poles and suction force (electromagnetic force) acting on each other, as shown in the drawing described below based on mechanical voids. do. At this time, if the electromotive force, that is, the direction of current flow in the coils 1 and 2, is changed, the magnetic poles are reversed. At the moment when the waveform changes, the magnetic poles become the same magnetic poles, so the repulsive force acts. Therefore, the above sequence is repeated every time the current waveform is changed, so that vibration occurs between the upper and lower iron cores. In this case, it is common that the intensity of vibration according to the connection between the coil 1 and the coil 2 is different.

That is, assuming that the coils 1 and 2 are wound in the same direction, the magnetic fluxes generated in the coils 1 and 2 are added to or subtracted from each other as the coil windings (for example, input / output wires) are connected differently. The magnitude of the force and electromagnetic force will also vary. Therefore, when F (force) = B (magnetic field) * I (current) * L (length) [N], the magnetic flux density of the coils 1 and 2 increases, the magnetic flux density increases, and the force acts greatly. The smaller the density, the smaller the force, and thus the intensity of the vibration.

As shown in FIG. 1 attached to the principle of vibration, the current transformer CT is fixed to an upper core (I core) 1, a piezoelectric element 3, and fixed using the basic characteristics of a conventional piezoelectric ceramic. Stage 5 and a lower core (U core) 6.

The upper core (I core) (1) includes a piezoelectric element (3) on the upper end of the upper and lower sides.

The primary coil 7 and the secondary coil 8 and the upper core (I core) surrounding the U-shaped lower core (lower core) and the lower core (lower core) inside the current transformer CT. Consists of I-shaped upper iron core. That is, the piezoelectric element 3 is fixedly attached to one upper side or one lower side of the upper core (I core) 1.

When the current transformer CT of FIG. 2 is fastened to a conductive wire, the primary side (primary coil) of the current transformer CT is caused by an electromagnetic field generated by a current flowing in the conductive wire as shown in FIG. 1. ) And the secondary side (secondary coil), the current is induced.

In this case, when the closed circuit is configured by connecting the input and output units of the primary side (primary coil) and the secondary side (secondary coil) of the current transformer CT, the upper core (I core) 1 and the lower portion by the induced current. The iron core inside the core (U core) 6 is magnetized to have the characteristics of an electromagnet, and the upper core (I core) 1 and the lower core (U core) 6 are electromagnets having polarities, and thus repulsive force and The attraction force is actuated, the upper core (I core) (1) having a space on the top of the upper and lower vibrations by the repulsive force and attraction with the lower core (U core) (6).

At this time, the piezoelectric ceramics, i.e., the piezoelectric elements are fixedly attached to one side of the upper or one side of the upper portion of the I core 1, i.e., the core 1, thereby causing periodic vibrations to the piezoelectric ceramics. And to draw voltage from the piezoelectric ceramics.

As described above, the piezoelectric element 3 is formed on the upper end of one side of the upper core (I core) 1 using piezoelectric ceramics. The piezoelectric element 3 is deformed in the k33 deformation mode 3a according to the illustrated impact direction. In other words, the output current or voltage is generated by the k33 deformation mode of the piezoelectric element 3, which is a piezoelectric ceramic, but the output characteristics are weak.

Accordingly, in the technical field, there is a demand for technology development for improving output characteristics in current transformers using the basic characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a piezoelectric harvesting device for improving the output characteristics of the output of the current or voltage in the piezoelectric harvesting device using the basic characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic.

In addition, the present invention generates the k33 mode and the k31 mode of the piezoelectric ceramic simultaneously by applying pressure and vibration simultaneously by attaching two piezoelectric ceramics, which are the first and second piezoelectric elements, to the upper and lower portions of the copper plate or the flexible material. The output is increased, and as a result, to provide a piezoelectric harvesting apparatus for generating a large output compared to the conventional piezoelectric ceramic attachment method of one sheet.

However, the objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

In order to achieve the above object, a piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an upper core (I core) formed on an upper portion of a current transformer (CT) and formed of a copper plate; It is fixedly attached to one side of the current transformer CT to induce a voltage by the piezoelectric effect according to the vibration of the current transformer, the piezoelectric ceramic is formed on the upper side of one side of the copper plate (Cuper) or a flexible material, A first piezoelectric element in which deformation is made according to vibration; And a second piezoelectric element formed at a lower end of one side of a copper plate or a plate of a flexible material, and deformed according to the vibration. Characterized in that it comprises a.

A piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, the fixed end is formed on the bottom surface of one end of both ends in the horizontal plane of the copper plate or sheet of flexible material; It characterized in that it further comprises.

Piezoelectric harvesting device according to another embodiment of the present invention, the CT core formed on the upper spaced apart from the copper plate or the sheet of flexible material; A first protrusion formed at one horizontal end of the CT core, the first protrusion being an impact that comes into contact with the first piezoelectric element during deformation; A second protrusion formed at another horizontal end of the CT core, the second protrusion being an impact that comes into contact with the second piezoelectric element during deformation; It is formed horizontally at the lower end of the fixed end, and supports the fixed end, the length is formed longer than the fixed end, the second piezoelectric element during the vibration of the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element Fixed structure stage for supporting; And a third protrusion formed on an upper portion of the fixed structure end and configured to contact the second piezoelectric element during the vibration. It characterized in that it further comprises.

Piezoelectric harvesting apparatus for improving the output characteristics according to another embodiment of the present invention, the lower portion of the current transformer (CT) is made of a material such as cast iron, metal, etc. of the U (U) form that can conduct current Lower core (U core); And a coil unit in which coils are wound so as to be respectively inserted into the lower cores. It further includes, the lower core (U core) may be in contact with a copper plate or a sheet of flexible material, the first and second piezoelectric elements on both sides of the upper or lower portion of the copper plate or sheet of flexible material It is characterized in that the configuration.

In the piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to utilize the basic characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic, pressure is applied by attaching two piezoelectric ceramics, which are first and second piezoelectric elements, to the upper and lower portions of a copper plate or a sheet of flexible material. By simultaneously applying and vibration, the k33 mode and the k31 mode of the piezoelectric ceramic are simultaneously generated to provide an effect of improving the output characteristics from the piezoelectric ceramics.

1 is a view showing the principle of vibration generation of the magnetic flux according to the conventional magnetization of the current.
2 is a view showing a core internal structure of an upper part of a conventional current transformer (CT) structure.
3 is a view showing the internal core structure of the upper part of the piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing the internal structure of the upper portion of the piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view for explaining the principle of the internal structure of the upper portion of the piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view showing the overall structure of a piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention of FIG.
7 is a three-dimensional view of a piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, detailed descriptions of well-known functions or configurations will be omitted when it is deemed that they may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

3 is a view showing a core internal structure of the upper part of the piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, a core internal structure of the upper part 100 of a current transformer (CT) structure may include a first piezoelectric element 111, a second piezoelectric element 113, a copper plate, or a flexible sheet material 115. ), And a fixed end 117.

The first piezoelectric element 111 is formed at an upper end of one side of the plate member 115 of copper plate or flexible material made of piezoelectric ceramic. According to the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic in the k31 mode, the first piezoelectric element 111 is deformed in the k31 mode, which is the first deformation mode 111a.

The second piezoelectric element 113 is formed at a lower end of one side of the plate member 115 of copper plate or flexible material made of piezoelectric ceramic. According to the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic in the k31 mode shown, the second piezoelectric element 113 is deformed to the k31 mode which is the second deformation mode 113a.

As described above, k31 mode deformation occurs simultaneously with k33 of FIG. 2 due to the attachment of two piezoelectric ceramics of the first and second piezoelectric elements 111 and 113 to increase the output. This produces a larger output than conventional piezoelectric ceramic attachment methods.

The first piezoelectric element 111 is formed at an upper end of the upper and lower sides of the copper plate or the flexible sheet material 115, and the second piezoelectric element 113 is formed at the lower end of the copper plate or the flexible material.

The fixed end 117 is formed on both sides of the upper core (I core) 115, unlike the existing structure, only one is formed on the left side of the drawing of the plate member 115 of the copper plate or flexible material.

K31 and k33 refer to the efficiency of piezoelectric ceramics. Typically, piezoelectric ceramics perform a positive effect of converting mechanical vibration into electrical energy and an adverse effect of converting electrical energy into mechanical vibration.

"K" of the piezoelectric ceramics means an electromechanical coupling coefficient, that is, efficiency

(Electromechanical Coupling Factor) ² = calculated as the amount of mechanical energy (or electrical energy) converted from mechanical energy to electrical energy.

Therefore, "k" of k31 and k33 means efficiency, the following number means the direction, the number in front (3) is the pressure direction and the number (1, 3) in the back is the output Refers to the direction.

In the piezoceramic k31 mode of the present invention, when pressure is applied in three directions (z-axis), deformation occurs in one direction (x-axis), and the output appears, and the piezoceramic k33 mode is pressurized in three directions (z-axis). When deformation occurs in three directions (z-axis).

Accordingly, the k31 mode and the k33 mode of the present invention comprise the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the third protrusion, which will be described below, and the k33 mode in which vibration can be generated by applying an impact from above (z-axis) to infer energy. It is configured to implement the piezoelectric harvesting device by using the k31 mode which can infer energy by applying a shock from the side (x-axis).

4 is a view showing the internal structure of the upper portion of the piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 to 4, the internal structure of the upper part 100 among the current transformer (CT) structures may include the first piezoelectric element 111, the second piezoelectric element 113, a copper plate, or a flexible material. In addition to the plate 115, the fixed end 117, the CT core housing 121, the first protrusion 123, the second protrusion 125, the fixed structure end 131, and the third protrusion 133 may be further included.

The CT core 121 forms the first protrusion 123 and the second protrusion 125 at both ends of the horizontal. Meanwhile, in the deformation mode described with reference to FIG. 2, the first projection 123 vibrates the first piezoelectric element 111 to deform to k33 mode, and the second piezoelectric element 113 vibrates to deform k31 mode. The output is generated in the piezoelectric ceramic by the second protrusion 125. At this time, since the first modified mode 111a and the second modified mode 113a are used, the output is improved.

The first protrusion 123 is formed at the left end, which is one horizontal end of the CT core housing 121. The first protrusion 123 is in contact with the first piezoelectric element 111 by a protrusion that provides vibration to the first piezoelectric element 111 in the deformation mode described with reference to FIG. 2.

The second protrusion 125 is formed at the right end, which is another horizontal end of the CT core housing 121. The second protrusion 125 is in contact with a copper plate or a sheet of flexible material by a protrusion that provides vibration to the second piezoelectric element 113 in the deformation mode described with reference to FIG. 2.

The fixed structure end 131 is horizontally positioned at the lower end of the fixed end 117, supports the fixed end 117, and has a length longer than the fixed end 117. The fixed structure end 131 provides a vibration source to the plate member 115 of copper plate or flexible material by the second projection 125, and from the vibration, the first piezoelectric element 111 and the second piezoelectric element 113 A unit for preventing cracking (cracking) of the second piezoelectric element 113 during k31 mode deformation.

The third protrusion 133 is formed on the upper portion of the fixed structure end 131, and is a protrusion that contacts the second piezoelectric element 113 at the time of vibration.

5 is a view for explaining the principle of the internal structure of the upper portion of the piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 to 5, vibrations from the first protrusion 123 contacting the first piezoelectric ceramic 111 and the second protrusion 133 contacting the second piezoelectric ceramic 113 according to the driving principle to be described later. The output of the first piezoelectric ceramic 111 and the second piezoelectric ceramic 113 is generated. Then, bending occurs on the copper plate or the flexible plate member 115 due to the vibration of the second protrusion 133 in contact with the copper plate or the flexible plate member 115, and by this bending, the first piezoelectric ceramic 111 and the first plate are formed. The two piezoelectric ceramics 113 generate an output in k31 mode, thereby improving output characteristics.

That is, the protrusion shape causes deformation of the first piezoelectric ceramics 111 and the second piezoelectric ceramics 113 to the k31 mode, thereby improving output characteristics. As a result, an increase in voltage or an increase in current is possible through the polarization mode of the first piezoelectric ceramic 111 and the second piezoelectric ceramic 113 and the series force and parallel connection of the piezoelectric elements.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an overall structure of a piezoelectric harvesting apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5. 3 to 6, a current transformer (CT) for improving output characteristics according to the present invention may be used to be coupled to a power line to configure a piezoelectric harvesting device for an independent power supply for a sensor node.

In the current transformer CT, the coil 224 is wound in both directions in the lower part 200. On the other hand, the current transformer CT is also used in the case of converting a high voltage current into a low voltage current. The magnification is equal to the inverse of the turn ratio. The current transformer CT of the present invention is used to expand the measuring range of the alternating current ammeter, or when the primary side and the secondary side are opened so as to be magnetized by the primary current and to generate vibration by the magnetic flux. Used.

More specifically, coil portions 224 wound around coils are inserted into both ends of a lower core (U core) 222 having a U shape. At this time, one side of the coil portion 224 has a small number of turns. When the primary side and the secondary side are designated as the secondary side when the power is drawn into the current transformer (CT), when the primary side and the secondary side are opened, they are magnetized by the primary current. The vibration is generated by the magnetic flux.

Current transformer CT is coupled to each side of the upper portion 100 and the lower portion 200 by a hinge (not shown), the other side is configured to be fastened by a fastening portion (not shown). In addition, the lower portion 20 is formed of a cast iron, a metal, etc., each of the lower core (U core) 222 and the lower core (U core) 222 of the U (U) form that can conduct current. A coil part 224 wound around the coil is configured to be inserted, and an upper core I core 115 that is in contact with the lower core U core 222 is configured inside the upper part 100. have.

In addition, the first piezoelectric element 111 and the second piezoelectric element in which the high-voltage line of the columnar transformer or the ground transformer for power distribution is fastened between the through grooves 270 of the current transformer CT and vibrates when a current is applied. 113 is attached to both upper and lower sides of the upper core (I core) 12 of the upper portion of the current transformer (100).

On the other hand, the first piezoelectric element 111 and the second piezoelectric element 113 is formed on one side of the upper side and the lower side of the copper plate or flexible plate member 115, respectively, the shape, according to the efficiency of vibration The size and use can be varied.

As such, when the high voltage line of the distribution-type column transformer or the ground transformer is fastened between the through grooves 270 on the current transformer CT and the current is conducted through the power line of the corresponding high voltage line, vibration occurs in the current transformer CT. The piezoelectric elements 111 and 113 positioned in the upper core I core 115 on the current transformer CT induce a voltage by the piezoelectric effect according to the vibration of the current transformer CT. Will be collected and converted.

More specifically, the voltage generation from the first and second piezoelectric elements 111 and 113 will be described below. That is, the coil part 224 wound around the coil is inserted into the U core 222 having a U shape. At this time, the coil winding part 224 designates one part of the winding number as the primary side. When the other side with a large number of turns is designated as the secondary side, when the primary side and the secondary side are opened when electric power is drawn into the current transformer CT, the core portion is magnetized by the current caused by the primary core. , Magnetization proceeds to the copper plate or flexible plate 115 and the lower core (U core) 222 to generate a repulsive force in the copper plate or flexible plate (115) and lower core (U core) 222 The repulsive force is raised to the copper plate or the plate material of the flexible material 115, wherein the copper plate or the plate material 115 of the flexible material rises and falls and pressure on the first and second piezoelectric elements (111, 133) This causes the voltage to be induced in the first and second piezoelectric elements 111 and 113. All.

7 illustrates a three-dimensional view of the piezoelectric harvesting apparatus of the present invention as described above. According to the detailed description of the present invention as described above, it is possible to configure and use a piezoelectric harvesting apparatus in three dimensions as shown in FIG.

As described above, the specification and the drawings have been described with respect to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, although specific terms are used, it is only used in a general sense to easily explain the technical contents of the present invention and to help the understanding of the invention. It is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention can be carried out in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

100: upper portion 111: piezoelectric element
113: second piezoelectric element 115: copper plate or sheet of flexible material
117: fixed end 121: CT core housing
123: first projection 125: second projection
131: fixed structure 133: third projection
200: lower 222: lower core (U core)
224: coil portion 270: through groove

Claims (4)

A plate formed of a copper plate or a flexible material formed on an upper portion of the current transformer CT and formed of a copper plate; It is fixedly attached to one side of the current transformer CT to induce a voltage by the piezoelectric effect according to the vibration of the current transformer, is formed on the top of one side of the copper plate or the sheet of flexible material made of piezoelectric ceramic, according to the vibration A first piezoelectric element in which deformation is made according to the direction of the impact; A second piezoelectric element formed at a lower end of one side of the copper plate or a plate of a flexible material, the second piezoelectric element being deformed according to the direction of impact due to the vibration; And a fixed end formed on a bottom surface of one end of both ends in a horizontal plane of the copper plate or a sheet of flexible material. In the piezoelectric harvesting device configured to include,
A CT core housing formed on an upper portion of the copper plate or a flexible plate;
A first protrusion formed at one horizontal end of the CT core housing, the first protrusion being an impact that comes into contact with the first piezoelectric element during deformation;
A second protrusion formed at another horizontal end of the CT core housing, the second protrusion being an impact that comes into contact with the second piezoelectric element during deformation;
It is formed in a horizontal position on the lower end of the fixed end, and supports the fixed end, the length is formed longer than the fixed end, the second piezoelectric element during the vibration of the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element Fixed structure stage for supporting the element; And
A third protrusion formed on an upper portion of the fixed structure end and configured to contact the second piezoelectric element during the vibration; Piezoelectric harvesting device characterized in that it further comprises.
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