KR101090975B1 - Method for manufacturing salted mackerel using the black garlic - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing salted mackerel using the black garlic Download PDF

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KR101090975B1
KR101090975B1 KR1020110099004A KR20110099004A KR101090975B1 KR 101090975 B1 KR101090975 B1 KR 101090975B1 KR 1020110099004 A KR1020110099004 A KR 1020110099004A KR 20110099004 A KR20110099004 A KR 20110099004A KR 101090975 B1 KR101090975 B1 KR 101090975B1
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mackerel
black garlic
garlic extract
minutes
salted
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Korean (ko)
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신정혜
강민정
김라정
성낙주
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(재)남해마늘연구소
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L17/00Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L17/10Fish meal or powder; Granules, agglomerates or flakes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22CPROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C25/00Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
    • A22C25/14Beheading, eviscerating, or cleaning fish
    • A22C25/145Eviscerating fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/10Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof
    • A23L27/105Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof obtained from liliaceae, e.g. onions, garlic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
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  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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Abstract

PURPOSE: A producing method of salted mackerel using black garlic is provided to reduce the salinity of the salted mackerel and to prevent the quality degradation of the salted mackerel by fat acidification. CONSTITUTION: A producing method of salted mackerel using black garlic comprises the following steps: removing blood and intestines from fresh mackerel after cutting and washing; salting the mackerel with a black garlic extract for 30-120 minutes, and removing moisture; sprinkling salt on the mackerel, or salting the mackerel with salt water for 30-120 minutes, and removing moisture; and low temperature aging the mackerel at 0-5 deg C for 3-20 hours.

Description

흑마늘을 이용한 간고등어의 제조방법{Method for Manufacturing Salted Mackerel Using the Black Garlic}Method for Manufacturing Salted Mackerel Using Black Garlic {Method for Manufacturing Salted Mackerel Using the Black Garlic}

본 발명은 저식염의 간고등어를 제조하기 위한 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 항산화활성을 중심으로 한 다양한 생리활성을 지닌 흑마늘을 고등어 염장 전에 처리한 간고등어의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing low salt liver mackerel, and more particularly, to a method for producing liver mackerel treated with black garlic having various physiological activities centering on antioxidant activity before salted mackerel salting.

고등어(Mackerel; Scomber japonicus)는 정어리, 전갱이, 꽁치와 함께 4대 등 푸른 생선으로 ‘동국여지승람’에 따르면 우리나라민족은 지금부터 470년 전부터 고등어를 영양식품으로 상식하면서 고등어 어업을 경영해왔다. 또한 축육과 같은 광우병, 돼지 콜레라 및 조류 독감 등과 같은 여러 가지 질병의 위험이 없으면서 동맥경화, 뇌혈전 및 심근경색 등과 같은 성인병 예방 효과가 있는 EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) 및 DHA(docosahezenoic acid) 등의 고도 불포화 지방산과 곡류 제한아미노산인 lysine과 threonine, 혈압강하, 정신의 안정화 및 뇌졸중의 예방 효과가 있는 taurine, 인체세포의 활성화에 필수 무기질인 셀레늄, 세포 분열 및 복제에 관여하는 핵산 등이 다량 함유되어 있어 건강 기능성이 아주 우수한 수산자원 중의 하나이다. Mackerel; Scomber japonicus ) is a blue fish with four kinds of sardines, horse mackerel and saury. According to 'Dongguk Yeoji Seungram', Korean people have been operating mackerel fishery since 470 years ago. Also highly polyunsaturated, such as EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahezenoic acid), which are effective in preventing adult diseases such as arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis, and myocardial infarction, without the risk of various diseases such as mad cow disease, swine cholera, and bird flu. Lysine and threonine, fatty acids and grain-restricted amino acids, taurine, which is effective in lowering blood pressure, stabilizing the mind and preventing stroke, and selenium, an essential mineral for activating human cells, and nucleic acids involved in cell division and replication. It is one of the excellent fishery resources.

그러나 고등어는 일시적으로 대량 어획되는 어종이며, 고등어 지질을 구성하고 있는 건강기능성을 가진 고도불포화 지방산(EPA 및 DHA)이 선도저하 등으로 인하여 이를 구성하고 있는 지질이 산패되어 비린내를 야기하는 등 몇 가지 문제점을 가지고 있고, actomysin(actin과 myosin이 결합하여 경직되는 것)이라는 새로운 화합물이 합성되어도 곧 분해되어 육질이 연화됨으로써 자가소화 및 오염 미생물에 의해 변질 및 산화가 급속하게 진행되고 조리 시 어취가 발생하는 등 가공적성이 낮아 보다 효율적인 이용을 위한 연구가 요구되고 있어 선어로서 대량 소비가 어렵다. 이로 인해 고등어는 일부만 선어로 이용되고, 대부분 가공에 이용되고 있다.However, mackerel is a species that is temporarily caught in large quantities, and due to deterioration of the highly functional polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA and DHA) that make up mackerel lipids, the lipids that make up the fish are rancid and cause fishy smells. Even when a new compound called actomysin (actin and myosin are bound and stiff) is synthesized, it is degraded and the meat is softened. Due to the low processing aptitude, research for more efficient use is required, which makes it difficult to consume large quantities as fresh fish. As a result, only a portion of the mackerel is used as a fresh fish, and most are used for processing.

가공품으로는 통조림이 연간 약 355톤으로 주종을 이루고 있는데, 이들 원료의 일부는 중국 등에서 수입한 선도가 낮은 것을 이용하여 수입산에 대한 불안감 이외에 histamine을 비롯한 biogenic amine이 다량 생성되어 allergy를 야기하기도 하여 저급 제품의 원인이 되기도 한다. 또한 최근에는 간고등어로 가공되어 날로 그 생산량이 늘어나고 있는 실정인데, 고등어와 같이 지질함량이 많은 적색육 어류의 경우 가공 중 지질 산화에 대한 안정성을 확보하는 것이 매우 중요하다.For processed products, canned food is predominantly about 355 tons per year. Some of these raw materials are made from low imports from China, and in addition to anxiety about imported products, a large amount of biogenic amines, including histamine, are produced, causing allergy. It can also cause product. In addition, recently, the production of processed mackerel is increasing day by day, it is very important to ensure the stability of lipid oxidation during processing of red meat fish with a high lipid content such as mackerel.

지질산화 억제 방법으로는 산소, 광선 및 열의 차단, 일중항 산소의 불활성화 및 자유라디칼의 안정화 등 여러 가지 방법이 있으나 일반적인 식품가공 공정에 적용하기에는 많은 제약이 따른다. 천연물 중에는 유지에 대해 강한 항산화 효과를 나타내는 것들이 많이 존재하며 이들의 항산화 효과는 주로 flavonoid계, phenol계 및 방향족 amine 등의 물질에 의한 것으로 알려져 있다. 반면에 항산화제 첨가가 식품의 지질 산화를 억제할 수 있는 가장 적절한 방법으로 제기되면서 국내 연구자들에 의해 천연물 유래 항산화제를 이용한 식품의 산화 억제에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 고등어의 저장성을 높이기 위하여 천연 항산화제로서 유자액, 양파와 생강즙, 초피, 감잎, 곽향 추출물 및 키토산, 올리고당, 녹차, 허브, 생강 추출물을 사용하여 제조한 연구결과들이 보고되어 있다. There are various methods of inhibiting lipid oxidation, such as blocking of oxygen, light and heat, deactivation of singlet oxygen, and stabilization of free radicals, but there are many restrictions to apply to general food processing processes. There are many natural products that exhibit strong antioxidant effects on oils and fats, and their antioxidant effects are mainly due to flavonoids, phenols and aromatic amines. On the other hand, as the addition of antioxidants has been suggested as the most appropriate way to inhibit the lipid oxidation of foods, researches on the oxidation inhibition of foods using antioxidants derived from natural products have been conducted by domestic researchers. In order to improve the shelf life of mackerel, research results using citron juice, onion and ginger juice, chopsticks, persimmon leaf, guacamole and chitosan, oligosaccharide, green tea, herbs and ginger extracts have been reported as natural antioxidants.

한편 최근 들어 고혈압, 고지혈증, 동맥경화 등 각종 생활습관성 질환들과 식염의 과다 섭취와의 연관성이 높음이 알려짐에 따라 고식염의 간고등어는 섭취를 꺼리는 식품으로 취급되고 있다. 이에 대표적인 서민 어류인 고등어의 품질변화를 최소화하고, 식염 함량을 줄이며, 기능성을 부여할 수 있는 가공방법의 모색이 절실히 요구되고 있다.
On the other hand, recently, it is known that the association between various lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and excessive intake of salt, liver salted mackerel of the salt is treated as foods that are reluctant to ingest. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a processing method that can minimize the quality change of the typical common fish, mackerel, reduce the salt content, and impart functionality.

본 발명은 종래 간고등어의 고식염과 저장성 등의 문제를 개선하고자 개발된 것으로서, 흑마늘을 간고등어 제조에 이용함으로써 간고등어의 저염화를 도모하고 지방산패에 따른 냄새의 변화와 품질저하를 예방하여 저장기간을 연장하고, 나아가 흑마늘의 기능성이 부가되고 맛이 향상된 고품질의 흑마늘 간고등어를 제조하기 위한 방안을 제공하고자 한다.
The present invention was developed to improve the problems such as salting and storage of the conventional liver mackerel, by using black garlic for the production of liver mackerel to reduce the salting of the liver mackerel and to prevent the change of odor and deterioration due to fatty acid plaque storage period To extend, and to provide a method for producing high-quality black garlic liver mackerel with the addition of the functionality of black garlic and improved taste.

상기한 기술적 과제를 해결하기 위해 본 발명은, 고등어의 배를 갈라 내장과 피를 제거한 다음 세척하는 손질단계; 고등어를 흑마늘 추출액으로 절이는 절임단계; 고등어에 소금을 뿌리거나 고등어를 염수로 절이는 염장단계;가 순차적으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 흑마늘을 이용한 간고등어의 제조방법을 제공한다.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention, the step of separating the guts and the guts and blood and then cleaning the mackerel; Pickling step of pickling mackerel with black garlic extract; Salted mackerel or salted mackerel salted with salted salts; provides a method for producing liver mackerel using black garlic, characterized in that sequentially made.

본 발명에 따르면 다음과 같은 효과를 기대할 수 있다.According to the present invention, the following effects can be expected.

첫째, 저염의 간고등어를 제조할 수 있다. First, low salt liver mackerel can be prepared.

둘째, 염장 전에 흑마늘 추출액에 먼저 절임으로써 흑마늘 자체의 당분 및 향기성분에 의하여 간고등어의 관능적 특성을 개선하는 것은 물론 항산화 기능성을 부여하여 저장 중 변패를 억제할 수 있으며, 그 결과 고품질의 간고등어를 제공할 수 있다.
Second, by pickling the black garlic extract before salting first, the sensory properties of the liver mackerel can be improved by the sugar and fragrance components of the black garlic itself, and antioxidant properties can be prevented, thereby preventing deterioration during storage. Can be.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 간고등어 제조방법에 대한 순서도이다.
도 2 내지 도 4는 본 발명의 실험예1에 따른 결과로서, 각각 간고등어의 VBN함량, TBA함량, 전단가에 대한 분석 결과이다.
1 is a flow chart for a liver mackerel manufacturing method according to the present invention.
2 to 4 are the results according to Experimental Example 1 of the present invention, respectively, the analysis results of the VBN content, TBA content and shear value of liver mackerel.

본 발명은 간고등어 제조에서 염장 전에 흑마늘 추출액에 절이는 과정을 거칠 것을 제안한다. 고등어를 일정농도의 흑마늘 추출액에 침지시켜 흑마늘 추출액 자체의 향과 당분, 기능성을 고등어에 배게 한 것이다. The present invention proposes to go through the process of pickling in black garlic extract before salting in the preparation of liver mackerel. The mackerel is immersed in a certain concentration of black garlic extract to give the mackerel the aroma, sugar and functionality of the black garlic extract itself.

구체적으로 본 발명에 따른 간고등어 제조방법은 도 1과 같은데, 고등어의 배를 갈라 내장과 피를 제거한 다음 세척하는 손질단계; 고등어를 흑마늘 추출액으로 절이는 절임단계; 고등어에 소금을 뿌리거나 고등어를 염수로 절이는 염장단계;가 순차적으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다. Specifically, the method of manufacturing liver mackerel according to the present invention is the same as that of FIG. Pickling step of pickling mackerel with black garlic extract; Salting step to sprinkle the mackerel or salted mackerel with brine; characterized in that the sequentially made.

손질단계에서 고등어는 뼈가 남아있는 상태는 물론 뼈가 제거된 필렛 상태로 준비하면 되며, 세척과정에서 남은 물기는 중력에 의해 자연 탈수시켜 제거한다.In the grooming stage, the mackerel can be prepared in the state of remaining bone as well as in the fillet of bone removed, and the remaining water from the washing process is naturally dehydrated by gravity and removed.

절임단계는 손질된 고등어를 흑마늘 추출액에 절이는 과정이다. 흑마늘 추출액은 시판되는 제품을 사용하여도 무방한데, 직접 제조한다면 흑마늘 무게에 대하여 5~12배량의 물을 가한 후 80~130℃에서 진공추출기를 이용하여 1~5시간 동안 추출한 다음 적정한 농도로 농축하면 된다. 흑마늘 추출액은 2~11brix 정도가 적당하고, 2brix 미만이면 흑마늘에 기한 기능성 향상 효과가 미미하고, 11brix를 초과하면 지나친 마늘향으로 오히려 고등어의 관능성을 떨어뜨릴 우려가 크다. 2~11brix의 흑마늘 추출액에는 흑마늘 추출액에 고등어를 30~120분 침지시키는 것이 바람직한데, 흑마늘 추출액이 효과적으로 배게 하면서 고등어의 전단가를 고려한 결과이다. 특히 아래 [실험예1]에 따르면 2.9~3.5brix의 흑마늘 추출액에 75~85분 침지시키는 것이, VBN함량, TBA함량, 전단가에서 가장 유리한 것으로 확인되었다. 침지 후에는 중력에 의해 자연 탈수시켜 물기를 제거하도록 한다.Pickling is the process of pickling the mackerel into black garlic extract. Black garlic extract can be used commercially available products, if prepared directly, add 5-12 times of water to the weight of black garlic, extract for 1 to 5 hours using a vacuum extractor at 80 ~ 130 ℃ and then concentrated to an appropriate concentration Just do it. Black garlic extract is suitable for 2 ~ 11 brix, less than 2 brix is insignificant functional improvement effect of black garlic, and if the excess exceeds 11 brix, there is a high fear of dropping the functionality of mackerel rather than excessive garlic. In black garlic extract of 2 ~ 11brix, it is preferable to immerse the mackerel in black garlic extract for 30 ~ 120 minutes, which is the result of considering the shear value of mackerel while the black garlic extract is effectively saturated. According to Experimental Example 1 below, immersion in 2.9-3.5brix black garlic extract for 75-85 minutes was found to be most advantageous in VBN content, TBA content, and shear value. After immersion, it is naturally dehydrated by gravity to remove moisture.

염장단계는 흑마늘 추출액에 침지시킨 고등어를 소금에 절이는 과정이다. 염장단계는 소금을 뿌리는 마른간법으로 실시하거나 염수에 침지시키는 물간법으로 실시할 수 있다. 물간법은 고등어에 균일하게 소금을 배게 할 수 있다는 점에서 유리하다고 할 수 있으며, 다만 5~20% 염도의 염수에 30~120분 침지시킨 후 물기를 제거하는 방식으로 시시하도록 한다. The salting step is to salt the mackerel immersed in black garlic extract. The salting step can be carried out by a dry liver method of spraying salt or by a water method immersed in saline. The method of water can be said to be advantageous in that salt can be uniformly soaked in mackerel. However, it is soaked in water by removing water after immersing in 5 ~ 20% salinity for 30 ~ 120 minutes.

염장이 된 고등어는 0℃~5℃의 저온숙성실에서 3~20시간 숙성한 후 진공포장한다. 숙성으로 고등어에 남아있는 염수가 고등어 육중으로 고루 분산되게 할 수 있고, 진공포장으로 유통과정에서 오염이나 변질을 방지할 수 있다. Salted mackerel is aged in a low temperature maturation room at 0 ℃ ~ 5 ℃ for 3 ~ 20 hours and vacuum packed. By aging, the brine remaining in the mackerel can be distributed evenly into the mackerel meat, and the vacuum packaging can prevent contamination or deterioration during distribution.

이로써 간고등어 제조가 완성된다. 이와 같이 제조된 간고등어는 흑마늘 자체의 당분 및 향기성분에 의하여 관능적 특성이 개선되는 것은 물론 항산화 기능성이 부가되어 저장 중 변패가 억제될 것으로 기대된다.
This completes the preparation of liver mackerel. Thus prepared liver mackerel is expected to improve the organoleptic properties by the sugar and fragrance components of the black garlic itself, as well as anti-oxidation during storage due to the addition of antioxidant functionality.

이하에서는 실시예와 실험예에 의거하여 본 발명을 상세히 살펴본다. 다만, 실시예와 실험예는 본 발명을 예시하기 위한 것일 뿐이며, 본 발명의 범위가 이로써 한정되는 것은 아니다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on Examples and Experimental Examples. However, Examples and Experimental Examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[[ 실시예1Example 1 ] ] 흑마늘Black garlic 추출액  Extract 절임조건에In pickling condition 따른  According 흑마늘Black garlic 간고등어의Mackerel 제조 및 분석 Manufacturing and analysis

고등어는 체장 25~30cm의 신선한 고등어를 두부를 절단한 다음 등뼈를 중심으로 3장 뜨기 하여 육편만으로 19~23cm의 filet을 제조하여 시료로 사용하였다. 빙장한 상태로 실험실로 운반된 고등어 filet은 혈액과 이물질의 제거를 위하여 가볍게 수세한 후 껍질부를 위로 향하게 담아 1시간 동안 자연 상태에서 탈수를 한 다음 사용하였다.The mackerel was cut into pieces of fresh mackerel with a length of 25 to 30 cm and then cut into three pieces around the spine to produce a filet of 19 to 23 cm using only pieces of meat. The mackerel filet, which was transported to the laboratory in ice, was lightly washed to remove blood and foreign substances, and then dehydrated in a natural state for 1 hour with the shell facing upward.

흑마늘 간고등어의 제조 조건(농도 및 시간)의 최적화를 위하여 반응표면분석법(repose surface methodology, RSM)을 이용하였다. 절임조건에 대한 실험 중 휘발성염기태 질소화합물(VBN), 티오바르비툴산(TBA) 및 전단가(share force)는 중심합성계획을 실시하여 반응표면식을 구하였다.The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the production conditions (concentration and time) of black garlic mackerel. Volatile basic nitrogen compounds (VBN), thiobarbitulic acid (TBA), and share force were obtained by conducting a central synthesis plan.

절임조건에 중요한 독립변수(Xi)로 고려되는 인자 즉, 흑마늘 추출액의 농도(X1)와 절임시간(X2)에 대한 실험범위를 설정하여 'X 1 =(Concentration-7.5)/3.5' 및 'X 2 =(Time-60)/30'의 변환에 의하여 각각 5단계로 부호화하였고, 13군으로 구분하였다(아래 [표 1] 참조). 그리고 이들 독립변수에 의해 영향을 받는 종속변수(Yn) 즉, 간고등어의 품질 인자로서 VBN(Y2), TBA(Y3) 및 Share force(Y4) 등을 측정하여 그 값을 회귀분석에 사용하였다.
Set the experimental range for the factor considered as an independent variable (X i ) that is important for pickling conditions, that is, the concentration of black garlic extract (X 1 ) and pickling time (X 2 ), ' X 1 = ( Concentration -7.5) /3.5' And ' X 2 = ( Time -60) / 30' were encoded in five stages, and classified into 13 groups (see Table 1 below). The dependent variables (Y n ) affected by these independent variables, ie VBN (Y 2 ), TBA (Y 3 ) and Share force (Y 4 ), were measured as quality factors of liver mackerel and the values were measured in the regression analysis. Used.

[[ 실험예1Experimental Example 1 ] ] 흑마늘Black garlic 추출액  Extract 절임조건에In pickling condition 따른  According 흑마늘Black garlic 간고등어의Mackerel 품질 quality

1. 실험방법1. Experimental Method

(1)휘발성염기태 질소화합물(Volatile basic nitrogen, VBN) 함량 측정(1) Determination of the content of volatile basic nitrogen (VBN)

휘발성염기태 질소화합물은 conway 용기를 이용하여 미량확산법으로 측정하였다. 마쇄한 고등어 시료 10g에 증류수 10mL 10% TCA 20mL을 가한 여 한 시간 방치한 후 증류수로 50mL 정용하여 여과(Whatman NO. 2)한 뒤 여액을 사용하였다. 여액 1mL을 conway 용기 외실에 투입하고, 0.01 N 붕산용액 1mL을 conway 용기 내실에 투입하였다. 탄산칼륨용액 1mL을 다시 외실에 투입한 후 37℃ 배양기에서 1시간 동안 반응시키고 표준화된 0.01N 황산용액으로 적정하여 휘발성염기태 질소화합물의 양(mg%)을 구하였다.Volatile basic nitrogen compounds were measured by microdiffusion using a conway vessel. 10 g of ground mackerel sample was added to 20 mL of 10 mL of 10% TCA in distilled water and left for one hour. After filtrating with 50 mL of distilled water (Whatman NO. 2), the filtrate was used. 1 mL of the filtrate was added to the outer chamber of the conway vessel, and 1 mL of 0.01 N boric acid solution was added to the inner chamber of the conway vessel. 1 mL of potassium carbonate solution was added to the external chamber again, and then reacted in an incubator at 37 ° C. for 1 hour, and titrated with a standardized 0.01 N sulfuric acid solution to obtain an amount of volatile nitrogen compound (mg%).

(2)티오바르비툴산(Thiobarbituric acid, TBA) 측정(2) Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) measurement

마쇄한 고등어를 5g을 취하여 7.2% BHT 용액 50uL를 가한 후 초순수로 50mL로 정용한 후 3,000rpm에서 15분간 균질화 한 후 여과지(Whatman No 2)로 여과한 후 여액 1mL에 20mM TBA 1mL와 15% TCA용액 1mL를 가하여 95℃ 끊는 물에서 15분간 가열한 다음 냉각하여 4℃, 3,000rpm으로 10분간 원심분리 하였다. 원심 분리한 상층액을 spectrophotometer(biochrome Ltd., Libra S 35, England)로 531nm에서 흡광도를 측정하여 TEP 표준용액을 이용하여 검량선을 작성 후 계산하였다.Take 5g of ground mackerel, add 50uL of 7.2% BHT solution, apply 50 mL of ultrapure water, homogenize at 3,000rpm for 15min, filter with filter paper (Whatman No 2), and then filter 1mL of 20mM TBA and 15% TCA solution. 1mL was added, heated for 15 minutes in 95 ℃ water, then cooled and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4 ℃, 3,000rpm. The supernatant was centrifuged by measuring the absorbance at 531 nm with a spectrophotometer (biochrome Ltd., Libra S 35, England) and calculated using a TEP standard solution.

(3)전단가(Share force) 측정(3) Share force measurement

전단가 측정은 고등어를 4×5×1.2cm로 하여 물성측정기 texture analyzer(Model TAXT express, Stable Micro Systems, England)를 이용하여 각 시료 군별로 10개 이상 시료의 중심부 전단가를 측정하였으며, 이때 texture analyzer의 조건은 Φ 4cm cutting prove를 이용하였고, pre-test speed 0.5mm/s, trigger force 5.0g, test speed 2.0 mm/s, return speek 5.0mm/s, test distance 5.0mm, test cycle 1.0이었다.Shear value was measured by using a physical analyzer (Model TAXT express, Stable Micro Systems, England) with the mackerel as 4 × 5 × 1.2 cm. The conditions were Φ 4cm cutting proved, pre-test speed 0.5mm / s, trigger force 5.0g, test speed 2.0mm / s, return speek 5.0mm / s, test distance 5.0mm, test cycle 1.0.

2. 실험결과2. Experimental results

반응표면분석 실험은 중심합성계획(Central Composite Design)에 따라 SAS package 9.1을 사용하여 통계 분석하였으며, 그 분석결과는 아래 [표 1]과 같다. 아울러 능선분석(Ridge analysis)을 통하여 원래 설정된 실험영역보다 좁아진 제한된 실험영역에서 원하는 최대값 및 최소값을 구하였으며, 그 결과는 도 2 내지 도 4와 같다. The response surface analysis experiments were analyzed statistically using SAS package 9.1 according to the Central Composite Design, and the analysis results are shown in Table 1 below. In addition, through the ridge analysis (Ridge analysis) to obtain the desired maximum value and the minimum value in the limited experimental area narrower than the originally set experimental area, the results are as shown in Figs.

중심합성계획법에 따른 반응표변에 따른 분석 결과 Analysis results according to response variables according to central synthesis planning method 시료번호Sample Number 흑마늘 추출액 절임 조건Black garlic extract pickling conditions 휘발성
염기질소(mg%)
volatility
Basic nitrogen (mg%)
TBA
(MA mg/kg)
TBA
(MA mg / kg)
전단가
(cm/kg2)
Shear
(cm / kg 2 )
농도 (Brix) Brix 시간(분)Minutes 1One 7.5 (0)7.5 (0) 60 (0)60 (0) 1.75±0.01bc 1.75 ± 0.01 bc 5.79±0.45c 5.79 ± 0.45 c 101.36±2.25b 101.36 ± 2.25 b 22 7.5 (0)7.5 (0) 60 (0)60 (0) 1.74±0.04bc 1.74 ± 0.04 bc 5.70±0.19c 5.70 ± 0.19 c 101.23±4.47b 101.23 ± 4.47 b 33 7.5 (0)7.5 (0) 60 (0)60 (0) 1.76±0.02c 1.76 ± 0.02 c 5.78±0.28c 5.78 ± 0.28 c 100.85±2.13b 100.85 ± 2.13 b 44 7.5 (0)7.5 (0) 60 (0)60 (0) 1.76±0.03c 1.76 ± 0.03 c 5.64±0.44c 5.64 ± 0.44 c 101.33±3.97b 101.33 ± 3.97 b 55 7.5 (0)7.5 (0) 60 (0)60 (0) 1.77±0.08c 1.77 ± 0.08 c 5.38±0.48c 5.38 ± 0.48 c 101.84±5.29b 101.84 ± 5.29 b 66 11.0 (1)11.0 (1) 90 (1)90 (1) 1.87±0.13d 1.87 ± 0.13 d 12.24±0.28g 12.24 ± 0.28 g 102.12±4.95b 102.12 ± 4.95 b 77 11.0 (1)11.0 (1) 30 (-1)30 (-1) 1.49±0.01a 1.49 ± 0.01 a 7.66±0.24de 7.66 ± 0.24 de 101.87±2.74b 101.87 ± 2.74 b 88 4.0 (-1)4.0 (-1) 30 (-1)30 (-1) 1.68±0.01b 1.68 ± 0.01 b 7.96±0.82e 7.96 ± 0.82 e 102.78±3.75b 102.78 ± 3.75 b 99 4.0 (-1)4.0 (-1) 90 (1)90 (1) 1.68±0.01b 1.68 ± 0.01 b 3.81±0.53b 3.81 ± 0.53 b 121.00±14.12d 121.00 ± 14.12 d 1010 12.5 (1.414)12.5 (1.414) 60 (0)60 (0) 1.85±0.03d 1.85 ± 0.03 d 9.80±0.09f 9.80 ± 0.09 f 120.61±10.23c 120.61 ± 10.23 c 1111 2.6 (-1.414)2.6 (-1.414) 60 (0)60 (0) 1.68±0.01b 1.68 ± 0.01 b 3.13±0.17a 3.13 ± 0.17 a 109.40±7.26c 109.40 ± 7.26 c 1212 7.5 (0)7.5 (0) 102.42 (1.414)102.42 (1.414) 1.77±0.01c 1.77 ± 0.01 c 5.64±0.17c 5.64 ± 0.17 c 104.30±2.34b 104.30 ± 2.34 b 1313 7.5 (0)7.5 (0) 17.58 (-1.414)17.58 (-1.414) 1.87±0.03d 1.87 ± 0.03 d 7.18±0.73d 7.18 ± 0.73 d 79.93±5.82ab 79.93 ± 5.82 ab a~ iMean±SD in the same column with different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05. a ~ i Mean ± SD in the same column with different superscripts are significantly different at p <0.05.

상기 [표 1]에서 보는 바와 같이 VBN의 함량 변화는 흑마늘 농도와 절임시간에 따라 1.49~1.87mg%의 범위였으며, 절임시간이 길수록 유의적으로 VBN 함량이 다소 증가하였다. 한편, 도 1에서와 같이 흑마늘 추출액의 농도는 낮추고 시간을 높이는 경우 최소값을 얻을 수 있었다. 실제변수 중 농도와 시간이 각각 3.17brix, 80.5 분에서 VBN의 최소값 1.624867mg%를 얻었고, 이 값은 실험조건에서 설정한 1과 1사이에 국한하여 얻은 값이다. VBN 함량에 대한 회귀식의 R2은 0.4402이고 유의확률은 0.0349으로서 유의수준 0.01 내에서는 인정되었다. As shown in [Table 1], the change in VBN content ranged from 1.49 to 1.87 mg% according to the black garlic concentration and pickling time, and the VBN content was significantly increased as the pickling time was longer. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 1 when the concentration of the black garlic extract was lowered to increase the time was able to obtain the minimum value. The minimum value of VBN was 1.624867mg% at 3.17brix and 80.5 min, respectively, among the actual variables, and this value was obtained between 1 and 1 set in the experimental conditions. R 2 in the regression equation for VBN content was 0.4402 and the probability was 0.0349, which was recognized within the significance level of 0.01.

TBA의 함량은 3.13~12.24MAmg/kg 범위였으며, 흑마늘 추출액 농도 2.6brix로 60분 절였을 때 가장 낮고, 11brix로 90분 절였을 때 가장 높은 함량이었다. 실험영역에서 농도는 낮추고 절임시간을 높이는 경우 TBA의 최소값을 얻을 수 있었는데(도 2), 농도는 3.5brix, 시간은 84.4분에서 TBA의 최소값 2.414448MAmg/kg이었다. TBA 함량에 대한 회귀식의 R2은 0.9191이며, 유의확률은 0.0997로 유의수준 0.05 내에서 인정되었다.The content of TBA ranged from 3.13 to 12.24 MAmg / kg, which was the lowest when the black garlic extract concentration was 2.6 brix at 60 minutes and the highest at 11 brix at 90 minutes. In the experimental area, the minimum concentration of TBA was obtained when the concentration was lowered and the pickling time was increased (FIG. 2). The concentration was 3.5brix, and the minimum value of TBA was 2.414448MAmg / kg at 84.4 minutes. R 2 of the regression equation for the TBA content was 0.9191, and the significance probability was 0.0997, which was recognized within the significance level of 0.05.

전단가의 값은 79.93~121.00cm/kg2 범위였고, 실제변수인 농도 2.9brix, 시간 75.1분에서 전단가의 최대값인 120.764041cm/kg2이었다(도 3). 회귀식의 R2값은 0.8207이며, 유의확률 0.0312로 유의수준 0.01에서 모형이 적합하다고 할 수 있다.Shear value ranges from 79.93 to 121.00 cm / kg 2 The maximum value of shear value was 120.764041 cm / kg 2 at a concentration of 2.9brix and a time of 75.1 minutes (FIG. 3). The R 2 value of the regression equation is 0.8207, and the probability is 0.0312 with a significance level of 0.01.

위와 같은 결과는 아래 [표 2]와 같이 정리된다. 즉 어류의 비린내 성분으로 부패시 그 함량이 증가되는 VBN과 지방의 산패에 따른 2차 반응물인 TBA의 함량은 최소화되고, 아울러 어류의 부패와 더불어 감소하는 전단가가 최대화되는 흑마늘 추출액의 농도와 절임시간을 각각 아래 [표 2]와 같이 설정할 수 있다.The above result is summarized as [Table 2] below. In other words, the concentration and pickling time of black garlic extract, which minimizes the content of VBN, which is increased in the fishy component of fish, and TBA, a secondary reactant due to fat decay, and maximizes the shear value which decreases with the decay of fish. Each can be set as shown in [Table 2] below.

흑마늘 추출액의 적정 농도와 절임 시간 설정결과Result of setting proper concentration and pickling time of black garlic extract 분석항목Analysis item 흑마늘 추출액 농도Black Garlic Extract Concentration 절임시간Pickling time 구분division VBNVBN 3.173.17 80.580.5 최소값 1.624867 mg%Minimum value 1.624867 mg% TBATBA 3.53.5 84.484.4 최소값 2.414448 MA mg/kgMinimum value 2.414448 MA mg / kg 전단가 Shear 2.92.9 75.175.1 최대값 120.764041 cm/kg2 Maximum value 120.764041 cm / kg 2 평균Average 3.193.19 80.080.0 --

위와 같은 결과에 따라 흑마늘 간고등어의 제조를 위한 흑마늘 추출액의 농도 범위는 2~11brix, 절임을 위한 시간은 30~120분의 범위이며, 가장 바람직하게는 반응표면 분석 결과의 값으로부터 흑마늘 추출액의 농도는 2.9~3.5 brix, 절임시간은 75~85분임을 알 수 있다.
According to the above results, the concentration of black garlic extract for the preparation of black garlic liver mackerel is 2 ~ 11brix, the time for pickling is in the range of 30 ~ 120 minutes, and most preferably the concentration of black garlic extract is from the value of the response surface analysis result. 2.9 ~ 3.5 brix, pickling time is 75 ~ 85 minutes.

[[ 실시예2Example 2 ] 염장조건에 따른 According to salt condition 흑마늘Black garlic 간고등어의Mackerel 제조 Produce

상기 [실험예1]의 결과에 따라 흑마늘 추출액의 적정 농도는 3brix로 하고 절임 시간은 80분으로 설정하고, 이 조건으로 흑마늘 추출액에 의한 절임조건을 고정한 상태에서 염장조건을 설정하고자 상기 [실시예1]과 동일하게 준비된 고등어를 이용하여 시료를 제조하였다. 기존 연구결과를 중심으로 식염농도를 10%와 15%로 1차 선정하고, 염장시간은 각각 80분과 30분으로 설정하였다. 또한 흑마늘 추출액에 1차 절임한 후 염장하는 조건과 흑마늘 추출액에 소금을 혼합하여 일시에 절임하는 조건으로 달리하여 최적의 절임 조건을 설정하고자 하였다. 염장조건 설정을 위한 실험군의 구성은 아래 [표 3]과 같다. According to the result of [Experimental Example 1], the proper concentration of the black garlic extract was set to 3brix and the pickling time was set to 80 minutes, and the salting condition was set in such a condition that the pickling condition was fixed by the black garlic extract according to the above [Example] A sample was prepared using the prepared mackerel as in [1]. Based on the results of the previous study, the salt concentrations were selected as 10% and 15%, and the salting time was set to 80 minutes and 30 minutes, respectively. In addition, it was intended to set the optimum pickling conditions by differentiating the conditions of salting after first pickling in black garlic extract and mixing salt in black garlic extract. The composition of the experimental group for salt condition setting is shown in [Table 3] below.

흑마늘 저염 간고등어 제조를 위한 절임 조건 Pickling conditions for the manufacture of black garlic low salt liver mackerel 실험군Experimental group 실험조건Experimental conditions AA 생고등어Raw Mackerel BB 10 brix 식염수에 침지 80분 (1시간 20분) Soaked in 10 brix saline 80 minutes (1 hour 20 minutes) CC 15 brix 식염수에 침지 30분30 minutes soaked in 15 brix saline DD 흑마늘 추출액 3 brix에서 80분 침지Black garlic extract soaked in 3 brix for 80 minutes EE 흑마늘 추출액 3 brix에서 80분 침지 후 15 brix 염수에서 30분 절임 Black garlic extract 80 minutes immersion in 3 brix, then 30 minutes in 15 brix brine FF 3 brix 흑마늘 추출액을 식염 농도 15 brix로 조정하여 30분 절임 3 brix black garlic extract was adjusted to a salt concentration of 15 brix for 30 minutes GG 3 brix 흑마늘 추출액을 식염 농도 10 brix로 조정하여 80분 절임 3 brix black garlic extract was adjusted to a salt concentration of 10 brix for 80 minutes

[[ 실험예2Experimental Example 2 ] 염장조건에 따른 According to salt condition 흑마늘Black garlic 간고등어의Mackerel 품질 quality

1. 간고등어의 염도 1. Salinity of liver mackerel

염도는 마쇄한 고등어 10g에 증류수 50mL로 정용하여 균질화한 후 여과(Whatmant No. 2)하여 여액을 이용하여 디지털 염도 측정기(ES-421, Atago, Tokyo, Japan)로 측정하였다. 측정 결과 아래 [표 4]와 같이 나타냈다.Salinity was homogenized by distilled water 50g in 10 g of ground mackerel, homogenized and filtered (Whatmant No. 2), and the filtrate was measured by a digital salinity measuring instrument (ES-421, Atago, Tokyo, Japan). The measurement results are shown in the following [Table 4].

염장조건에 따른 고등어의 염도 Salinity of Mackerel by Salting Conditions 시료
번호
sample
number
AA BB CC DD EE FF GG
염도
(%)
Salinity
(%)
0.13
±0.01a
0.13
± 0.01 a
0.33
±0.02c
0.33
± 0.02 c
0.34
±0.01d
0.34
± 0.01 d
0.12
±0.01a
0.12
± 0.01 a
0.31
±0.01b
0.31
± 0.01 b
0.42
±0.02d
0.42
± 0.02 d
0.42
±0.016d
0.42
± 0.016 d
a~ dMean±SD in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05. a ~ d Mean ± SD in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different at p <0.05.

염도는 염장을 하지 않은 A,D군의 경우에 각각 0.13±0.01%와 0.12±0.01%로 가장 낮았으며 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 가장 높은 염도인 15% 식염수에 염장한 C,F군은 각각 0.34±0.01%와 0.42±0.02%를 나타냈으며, 10% 염도에 염장한 B,G군은 각각 0.33±0.02%과 0.42±0.016%였다. 한편, 동일한 농도의 염수를 사용하였으나 흑마늘 추출액에 먼저 절임한 E군과 흑마늘 추출액과 식염을 혼합하여 제조한 액에 절임한 F군을 비교하면, 상대적인 염도는 F군이 더 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 이에 따라 흑마늘 추출액에 먼저 절임 한 후 염장하는 과정을 거치는 것이 저염의 간고등어를 제조하는데 더 유리하다고 할 수 있다.Salinity was lowest at 0.13 ± 0.01% and 0.12 ± 0.01% in unsalted A and D groups, respectively. The C and F groups salted with 15% saline, the highest salinity, showed 0.34 ± 0.01% and 0.42 ± 0.02%, respectively. The B and G groups salted with 10% salinity were 0.33 ± 0.02% and 0.42 ± 0.016%, respectively. It was. On the other hand, the same salinity was used, but when compared to the E group pickled in the black garlic extract and the F group pickled in the mixture prepared by mixing the black garlic extract and salt, the relative salinity was found to be higher in the F group. Therefore, it is more advantageous to prepare low salt liver mackerel after first pickling the black garlic extract and salting it.

2. VBN 함량 2. VBN content

생고등어의 휘발성 염기질소 함량은 아래 표 5와 같이 나타냈다.The volatile basic nitrogen content of raw mackerel is shown in Table 5 below.

염장조건에 따른 VBN 함량VBN content according to salt condition 시료
번호
sample
number
AA BB CC DD EE FF GG
휘발성염기질소
(mg/100 g)
Volatile Basic Nitrogen
(mg / 100 g)
27.50
±0.65d
27.50
± 0.65 d
19.95
±0.61a
19.95
± 0.61 a
22.10
±0.39b
22.10
± 0.39 b
20.30
±0.61a
20.30
± 0.61 a
20.30
±0.57a
20.30
± 0.57 a
23.1
±0.89c
23.1
± 0.89 c
21.35
±0.61b
21.35
± 0.61 b
a~ dMean±SD in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05. a ~ d Mean ± SD in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different at p <0.05.

생고등어 A군이 27.50±0.65mg/100g으로 가장 높았고, 염장과 흑마늘 추출액 처리를 한 B~G군은 19.95±0.61~23.12±0.89mg/100g 범위에서 큰 차이가 나지 않았고, 15~25mg/100g으로 보통 선도를 나타내었다. 휘발성 염기질소 함량도 상기 염도와 동일한 관점에서 볼 때 흑마늘 추출액과 식염을 혼합하여 절임한 경우에 비하여 흑마늘 추출액에 먼저 절임한 경우에 유의적으로 휘발성 염기질소의 생성량이 적음을 확인할 수 있다. Raw mackerel group A was 27.50 ± 0.65mg / 100g, and B ~ G group treated with salt and black garlic extract did not show a big difference in the range of 19.95 ± 0.61 ~ 23.12 ± 0.89mg / 100g, and 15 ~ 25mg / 100g Usually shown as a fresh line. In terms of volatile basic nitrogen content, it can be seen that the amount of volatile basic nitrogen produced is significantly lower when the black garlic extract is first pickled than when the black garlic extract is mixed with salt.

3. TBA 함량3. TBA content

TBA가를 측정한 결과를 아래 [표 6]에 나타냈다. The results of measuring the TBA value are shown in Table 6 below.

염장조건에 따른 고등어의 TBA 함량TBA content of Mackerel according to salt conditions 시료
번호
sample
number
AA BB CC DD EE FF GG
TBA
(MA mg/kg)
TBA
(MA mg / kg)
9.35
±0.23c
9.35
± 0.23 c
9.47
±0.21c
9.47
± 0.21 c
10.64
±0.38d
10.64
± 0.38 d
6.93
±0.41a
6.93
± 0.41 a
7.05
±0.44a
7.05
± 0.44 a
8.86
±0.24b
8.86
± 0.24 b
8.64
±0.40b
8.64
± 0.40 b
a~ dMean±SD in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05. a ~ d Mean ± SD in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different at p <0.05.

생고등어 A군의 TBA가는 9.35±0.23MA mg/kg이었으며, 염장처리만 거친 B,C군은 각각 9.47±0.21MA mg/kg과 10.64±0.38MA mg/kg으로 A군에 비하여 더 높았다. 흑마늘 추출액만 처리한 D군은 6.93±0.41MA mg/kg으로 TBA가가 가장 낮았으며, 흑마늘 추출액과 식염을 혼합하여 처리한 F군의 TBA가는 흑마늘 추출액에 먼저 절임한 후 염수에서 염장 처리한 E군에 비해 유의적으로 더 높아 흑마늘 추출액을 먼저 처리한 후 염장처리하는 방법이 고등어의 산화를 더 효과적으로 억제함을 알 수 있다. The TBA value of raw mackerel group A was 9.35 ± 0.23MA mg / kg, and the salted B and C groups were 9.47 ± 0.21MA mg / kg and 10.64 ± 0.38MA mg / kg, respectively. Group D treated only with black garlic extract had the lowest TBA value of 6.93 ± 0.41MA mg / kg.T group B, which had been treated with black garlic extract and salt, was first pickled in black garlic extract and salted in brine. Significantly higher than that of black garlic extract first treated with salted salted mackerel can more effectively inhibit oxidation.

4. 전단가 측정 4. Shear rate measurement

전단가를 측정한 결과는 아래 [표 7]과 같다. The result of measuring shear value is shown in [Table 7] below.

염장조건에 따른 고등어의 전단가Shear Value of Mackerel According to Salt Conditions 시료
번호
sample
number
AA BB CC DD EE FF GG
전단가
(kg/cm2)
Shear
(kg / cm 2 )
55.13
±2.90d
55.13
± 2.90 d
54.15
±2.88d
54.15
± 2.88 d
48.45
±2.44bc
48.45
± 2.44 bc
78.06
±1.87e
78.06
± 1.87 e
46.47
±1.73b
46.47
± 1.73 b
43.08
±1.43a
43.08
± 1.43 a
50.03
±2.77c
50.03
± 2.77 c
a~ eMean±SD in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05. a ~ e Mean ± SD in the same row with different superscripts are significantly different at p <0.05.

생고등어 A군의 전단가는 55.13±2.90kg/cm2이었으며, 염도 15%의 흑마늘 추출액에 30분 절인 F군이 43.08±1.43kg/cm2로 가장 낮았으며, 흑마늘 추출액에 80분 침지시킨 D군이 78.06±1.87kg/cm2 가장 높은 경도를 나타냈다.The shear value of raw mackerel group A was 55.13 ± 2.90kg / cm 2, and group F, which was chopped in 15% of black garlic extract for 30 minutes, was the lowest at 43.08 ± 1.43kg / cm 2 and group D soaked in black garlic extract for 80 minutes. The 78.06 ± 1.87 kg / cm 2 had the highest hardness.

5. 관능평가5. Sensory Evaluation

충분한 훈련을 거쳐 품질 차이를 식별할 수 있는 능력이 갖추어진 연구원 15명을 관능요원으로 선발하여 관능평가를 수행하였다. 고등어는 시료별로 똑같은 부위를 잘라 전기오븐에서 동일한 시간을 구운 다음 기호도 검사를 하였다. 마늘향, 비린 냄새, 마늘맛, 짠맛, 색, 씹힘성 및 기호도를 5점법으로 하여 평가하였으며, 그 결과는 아래 [표 8]과 같다.Sensory evaluation was carried out by selecting 15 researchers who were capable of identifying quality differences through sufficient training as sensory personnel. The mackerel was cut at the same site for each sample and baked at the same time in an electric oven. Garlic flavor, fishy smell, garlic taste, salty taste, color, chewiness and preference was evaluated by the five-point method, the results are shown in Table 8 below.

염장조건에 따른 고등어의 관능평가 결과 Sensory Evaluation Results of Mackerel According to Salt Conditions 시료
번호
sample
number
마늘 향Garlic incense 생선
비린내
fish
Fishy
마늘 맛Garlic flavor 짠맛Salty taste color 씹힘성Chewiness 전체적인 기호도Overall preference
AA 1.00
±0.00a
1.00
± 0.00 a
4.30
±0.67b
4.30
± 0.67 b
1.20
±0.00a
1.20
± 0.00 a
1.70
±0.82a
1.70
± 0.82 a
4.00
±1.49b
4.00
± 1.49 b
4.40
±0.70NS
4.40
± 0.70 NS
3.20
±1.32ab
3.20
± 1.32 ab
BB 1.00
±0.00a
1.00
± 0.00 a
3.10
±0.74ab
3.10
± 0.74 ab
1.30
±0.48a
1.30
± 0.48 a
4.50
±1.78b
4.50
± 1.78 b
3.60
±1.58b
3.60
± 1.58 b
4.00
±1.33
4.00
± 1.33
3.20
±0.92ab
3.20
± 0.92 ab
CC 1.00
±0.00a
1.00
± 0.00 a
3.50
±1.72ab
3.50
± 1.72 ab
1.40
±0.85a
1.40
± 0.85 a
4.90
±1.79b
4.90
± 1.79 b
3.50
±1.18b
3.50
± 1.18 b
4.00
±0.82
4.00
± 0.82
2.40
±0.97a
2.40
± 0.97 a
DD 1.20
±0.63ab
1.20
± 0.63 ab
3.10
±1.66ab
3.10
± 1.66 ab
1.90
±1.20ab
1.90
± 1.20 ab
2.80
±1.14a
2.80
± 1.14 a
4.10
±1.60b
4.10
± 1.60 b
3.90
±0.99
3.90
± 0.99
3.50
±0.97ab
3.50
± 0.97 ab
EE 1.30
±0.67ab
1.30
± 0.67 ab
3.30
±1.49ab
3.30
± 1.49 ab
1.60
±1.07a
1.60
± 1.07 a
4.20
±1.23b
4.20
± 1.23 b
3.70
±1.06b
3.70
± 1.06 b
4.10
±0.88
4.10
± 0.88
3.90
±1.66b
3.90
± 1.66 b
FF 1.40
±0.52ab
1.40
± 0.52 ab
2.50
±1.43a
2.50
± 1.43 a
3.10
±2.38bc
3.10
± 2.38 bc
4.70
±1.57b
4.70
± 1.57 b
3.20
±1.23b
3.20
± 1.23 b
3.70
±0.95
3.70
± 0.95
3.10
±1.29ab
3.10
± 1.29 ab
GG 1.50
±0.53b
1.50
± 0.53 b
2.30
±1.34a
2.30
± 1.34 a
3.70
±2.71c
3.70
± 2.71 c
4.10
±0.88b
4.10
± 0.88 b
1.70
±0.48a
1.70
± 0.48 a
4.00
±0.67
4.00
± 0.67
3.40
±1.26ab
3.40
± 1.26 ab
a~bMean±SD in the same column with different superscripts are significantly different at p<0.05. a ~ b Mean ± SD in the same column with different superscripts are significantly different at p <0.05.

관능평가 결과 제품을 씹는 동안 느끼는 마늘향은 생고등어 A군과 염장처리만 한 고등어 B,C군은 1.00±0.00점으로 가장 낮았으며, 식염농도 10%인 흑마늘 추출액 3brix에 염장한 G군에서 1.50±0.53점으로 유의적으로 높았고, D,E,F군은 1.20±0.63~1.40±0.52점 범위였으며 유의차는 없었다.According to the sensory evaluation, the garlic aromas felt during chewing were lowest in raw mackerel A group and salted mackerel B and C group with 1.00 ± 0.00 points, and 1.50 in G group salted with black garlic extract 3brix with 10% salt concentration. The D, E, F group was 1.20 ± 0.63 ~ 1.40 ± 0.52 points and there was no significant difference.

고등어의 비린 냄새는 생고등어 A군이 가장 많이 났으며, 염장고등어 B,C군과 흑마늘 추출액에 침지시킨 후 염장한 고등어 E군 간에 유의차가 없었고, 식염농도를 조절한 흑마늘 추출액에 염장한 고등어 F,G군에서 비린 냄새가 가장 약하게 났다.The smell of mackerel was the highest in fresh mackerel group A. There was no significant difference between salted mackerel B, C group and black mackerel E group after immersion in salted mackerel E group. , Group G smelled the weakest.

마늘 맛은 염도를 조정한 흑마늘 추출액에서 염장을 한 F,G군이 가장 많이 났으며, E군은 흑마늘 추출액에만 침지한 D군과 유사한 범위의 마늘 맛이 인지되었는데 이는 2차로 염수 중에서 절임하는 동안 마늘 맛이 상대적으로 희석되었기 때문으로 추정된다.Garlic taste was the highest in F, G group salted in black garlic extract adjusted to salinity, and E group recognized garlic taste similar to D group soaked in black garlic extract only. It is assumed that the garlic flavor is relatively diluted.

색은 고등어구이의 색이 흑마늘의 영향을 받아 좋다고 느껴지는 군에 높은 점수를 주었는데, G군이 색이 가장 좋지 않았다고 평가되었으며 이외의 다른 군 간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었지만 D군이 4.10±1.60점으로 다소 높았다.The color scored higher in the group where the color of the grilled mackerel was influenced by black garlic, and the group G was rated as the poorest and the group D was 4.10 ± 1.60. High.

씹힘성은 대조군과 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없어 염장이나 흑마늘 추출액의 침지가 조리 후 고등어의 육질에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 판단된다.Chewability was not significantly different between the control group and the experimental group. Soaking of salt or black garlic extract did not affect the meat quality of the mackerel after cooking.

전체적인 기호도는 흑마늘 추출액에서 1차 절임한 후 염수에서 2차 절임한 F군이 3.90±1.66점으로 가장 높은 점수를 나타내어 관능적으로 가장 우수하였으며, 소금으로 만 염장한 경우에 비해 어떠한 조건이던 흑마늘 추출액이 첨가되었을 때 전체적인 기호도가 더 높아 흑마늘 추출액의 첨가는 간고등어 제조시 관능적 특성을 개선시킴을 확인할 수 있었다. The overall acceptability was the highest in F group, which was first pickled in black garlic extract and the second pickled in brine showed the highest score (3.90 ± 1.66). The black garlic extract was better than salted salt only. It was confirmed that the addition of black garlic extract improved the sensory characteristics during the preparation of liver mackerel because the overall preference was higher when added.

Claims (5)

고등어의 배를 갈라 내장과 피를 제거한 다음 세척하는 손질단계;
고등어를 흑마늘 추출액으로 절이는 절임단계;
고등어에 소금을 뿌리거나 고등어를 염수로 절이는 염장단계;
가 순차적으로 이루어지되,
상기 절임단계는, 고등어를 2~11brix의 흑마늘 추출액에 30~120분 침지시킨 후 물기를 제거하면서 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 흑마늘을 이용한 간고등어의 제조방법.
A trimming step of dividing the belly of mackerel to remove the intestines and blood and then washing;
Pickling step of pickling mackerel with black garlic extract;
Salting step of sprinkling salt or mackerel salted with mackerel;
Are made sequentially,
The pickling step, the method of manufacturing liver mackerel using black garlic, characterized in that the water is removed after immersed in a black garlic extract of 2 ~ 11 brix 30 ~ 120 minutes.
제1항에서,
염장단계 후에, 고등어를 0~5℃의 저온숙성실에서 3~20시간 숙성하는 저온숙성단계;가 더 추가되는 것을 특징으로 하는 흑마늘을 이용한 간고등어의 제조방법.
In claim 1,
After the salting step, the low-temperature maturation step of maturing the mackerel for 3 to 20 hours in a low-temperature maturation room of 0 ~ 5 ° C;
삭제delete 제1항 또는 제2항에서,
상기 절임단계는, 고등어를 2.9~3.5brix의 흑마늘 추출액에 75~85분 침지시킨 후 물기를 제거하면서 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 흑마늘을 이용한 간고등어의 제조방법.
The method of claim 1 or 2,
The pickling step, the method of manufacturing liver mackerel using black garlic, characterized in that the water is removed after immersing mackerel in 2.9 ~ 3.5brix black garlic extract for 75 to 85 minutes.
제1항 또는 제2항에서,
상기 염장단계는, 고등어를 5~20% 염도의 염수에 30~120분 침지시킨 후 물기를 제거하면서 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 흑마늘을 이용한 간고등어의 제조방법.
The method of claim 1 or 2,
The salting step is a method for producing liver mackerel using black garlic, characterized in that the water is removed after immersing the mackerel in the brine of 5 to 20% salinity for 30 to 120 minutes.
KR1020110099004A 2011-09-29 2011-09-29 Method for manufacturing salted mackerel using the black garlic KR101090975B1 (en)

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KR102615389B1 (en) 2023-04-04 2024-01-12 주식회사 해누리 Preparation method of salted mackerel with chitosan

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101013533B1 (en) 2010-09-07 2011-02-14 원용덕 Salt aged with black garlic and method of manufacturing the same

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101013533B1 (en) 2010-09-07 2011-02-14 원용덕 Salt aged with black garlic and method of manufacturing the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102615389B1 (en) 2023-04-04 2024-01-12 주식회사 해누리 Preparation method of salted mackerel with chitosan

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