KR101089036B1 - Bioprocessing of grains - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for treating pre-milling grain kernels for increasing milling capacity, comprising exposing the grain kernels to one or more plant hormones. In particular, the grain grain is grain such as wheat. The plant hormone is selected from the group consisting of auxins, gibberellins, and abscisic acid. The method further comprises exposing the grain kernel to an enzyme. In particular, the enzyme is plant cell wall-degrading enzymes such as xylanase, lipase and cellulase. The present invention also provides a process for preparing grain powders, foods and compositions. A particular application of the method of the present invention is the optimization of the milling capacity for the production of high quality grain powder.

Cereal Grain, Plant Hormone, Plant Cell Wall-Degrading Enzyme

Description

Biological treatment of grains {BIOPROCESSING OF GRAINS}

The present invention relates to the milling of grain kernels. More particularly, the present invention relates to an improved process for grain milling to produce high quality wheat flour with high efficiency.

Grain milling for grain powder production has advanced from a primitive process between two stones to a highly mechanized and commercially important process. However, the primary purpose of milling has been consistent: to separate the grains into base constituents and to grind one or more of them into fine powder. This process involves several processes. First, the grain kernel is "washed" to remove large foreign matter such as dust, stones, leaves, etc. prior to conditioning the grain. After tempering, the grains are subjected to repeated processes of crushing, sieving, purifying and reducing until the fine powder is produced.

Performing the crude (or tempering) grain grain, which is a major part of the milling process, generally involves adding a certain amount of water to the grain and leaving it for a period of time to achieve the best milling capacity (e.g., minimal gradient contamination). Maximum grain powder yield). In the case of wheat, the amount of moisture added to the grains depends on whether the wheat is hard or soft, which is generally adjusted to 15.5% to 17% water content and 14 to 15.5% water content for soft wheat. The standing time between wetting and milling at ambient temperature is generally 8 to 18 hours, although the leaving time is out of range due to commercial pressures.

There are two basic objectives in the refining of wheat: the lean should be brittle and easily reduced, without leaving the tip intact and breaking up. At high levels of water, we lose crushing properties, while at low levels of water, the tip is brittle and easily peeled off. Indeed, the crude will perform a compromise between these limits.

Thus, the quality of the mill is key to the best milling capacity and separation of the outer gradient from the inner milk during the milling process to minimize gradient contamination while maximizing flour yield. However, due to the power of the mechanical cutters in the milling process, some lean contamination of the flour is unavoidable, especially with red pepper or 100% straight run flour. In order to produce high quality flour with very low gradients, the mill must sacrifice a significant amount of milling yield, ie from 78% to 60% or 40%.

Millers are reluctant to use germinated wheat because of the detrimental effect on the quality of grain flour. This is why grain growers are paid less for wheat damaged by temperature. The extent of damage can be mitigated over time when it is wet. This is the wetting period during which grain can control the extent of biochemical changes.

The crude process (also the early stages of maltjo in barley) mimics light rain on mature wheat. This is evidenced by the reduced test weight of the mill after quenching; The inclination layer swells but does not return to its original size.

Germination requires enzyme-catalytic metabolic changes, many of which are regulated by endogenous plant hormones. Some of these biological processes are tissue-specific; Some enzymes degrade stored compounds, while others synthesize new tissue.

International Patent Publication No. WO 02/00910 describes a process for processing grain grains, in particular maize, acidic proteases, xylanases, cellulases, arabinofuranos. A method of treatment for 1-48 hours in the presence of cytolytic enzymes, including arabinofuranosidases, lipolytic enzymes and the like is described.

WO 02/00731 describes an improved wet milling process for grain kernels comprising treating the milled grains with an acidic protease.

International Publication No. WO 99/21656 describes an improved crude process for grains with the addition of an enzyme preparation step.

There is a commercial need for optimization of milling operations to produce high quality grain flour without diminishing in quality and yield. The inventors have developed an efficient process for producing high efficiency grain powders while minimizing tilt contamination without sacrificing high yield. A preferred advantage according to the present invention is the shortening of the grain preparation time.

In a broad aspect, the present invention relates to the use of one or more plant hormones in the production of grain flour.

One aspect of the invention provides a method for processing grain kernels prior to milling comprising exposing the grain kernels to one or more plant hormones.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing grain flour comprising treating the grain kernel with one or more plant hormones before milling.

Preferably an object of the present invention is a method for treating grain grains for improving grain milling capacity comprising exposing the grain kernels to one or more plant hormones to increase the milling capacity of the grain kernels.

Preferred embodiments of the one and second aspect methods of the present invention further comprise treating the grain kernel with an enzyme.

Preferably, the enzyme is a plant cell wall-degrading enzyme.

More preferably, the plant cell wall-degrading enzyme is selected from the group consisting of xylanases, cellulases and lipases.

Even more preferably, the plant cell wall-degrading enzyme is cellulase.

A third aspect of the invention provides grain flour produced according to the method of the second aspect.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a food product produced using the grain powder of the third aspect.

Fifth aspect of the present invention provides a composition for treating grain kernels prior to milling comprising at least one plant hormone of one side with an appropriate carrier or diluent.

Preferably, the grain kernel comprises at least one belly and one tilted layer.

In one embodiment of the invention, the grain grain is a grain such as wheat.

Preferably, the grain kernel is treated for 1-24 hours.

More preferably, the cereal grains are treated for 8 to 18 hours.

Even more preferably, the cereal grains are treated for about 14-16 hours.

Preferably, the plant hormone is selected from the group consisting of gibberellin, abscisic acid and auxin.

More preferably the plant hormone is epsis acid.

Preferably, the plant hormone is added at a final concentration of 0.5 to 50 mg / kg grain kernels.

More preferably, the plant hormone is added at a final concentration of 1-20 mg / kg grain kernels.

Even more preferably, the plant hormone is added at a final concentration of about 2 mg / kg grain kernels.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method comprises a complex step of exposing grain kernels to a solution comprising plant hormones and plant cell wall-degrading enzymes.

Throughout the specification of the present invention, the terms "comprise", "comprises" and "comprising", unless stated otherwise, includes the inclusion of the intact or group of intact ones described. It does not mean the exclusion of anything else intact or a group of intact ones.

Figure 1 shows the effect of plant hormones on grain powder yield. The description of the markers is as follows: the circle indicates the control, the diamond type to epsisic acid, the square to gibberellic acid, and the triangle to indole acetic acid.

Figure 2 shows the effect of plant cell wall-degrading enzyme addition in gradient and endosperm. A = control (water), B = xylanase (diluent 100mg / ml), C = cellulase (diluent 100mg / m), D = lapase (diluent 2mg / m).

Figure 3 shows the effect of xylanase and cellulase on grain powder yield. The descriptions of the markers are as follows: the circle represents the control, the square the xylanase, and the triangle the cellulase.

4 shows the effect of rapase on grain powder yield. Prototypes are control; The square is a lipase.

5 shows the effect of xylase and cellulase on dough strength. Light shaded diagonal bar is the control: the medium shaded diagonal bar is xylaanase; The dark shaded bar is cellulase.

6 shows the effect of rapase on flour paste viscosity. The light shaded diagonal bar is the control: the medium shaded diagonal bar is the lipase.

Figure 7 shows the effect of the crude additive on the rapid dough total score. Treatment 1 = 1.5 mg / kg Grain Grain Epsilic Acid (ABA); Treatment 2 = 250 mg / kg Grain Grain Cellulase; Treatment 3 = 100 mg / kg grain kernel lipase. Black bars are controls; Diagonal bars are treatment groups.

8 shows the effect of cellulase and epsis acid on flour yield.

Figure 9 shows the effect of ABA according to the concentration and the amount of wheat in flour yield. 1 ppm = 1 mg ABA per kg grain.

The inventors have developed an improved method of processing grain kernels for commercial production of grain powder. The product of the present invention is an enhanced grain powder yield with minimal gradient contamination. The method according to the invention has been optionally improved to shave the outer tilted layer of grain to aid the separation of the tilt from the drip and to soften the milk to aid in milling. The present invention overcomes the major drawbacks of previous conventional prior art approaches to this critical step of the milling process.

"Grain grains" means crop products, such as but not limited to seeds or grains including endosperm and slanted layers.

Grain powder can be milled from a variety of grains, mainly from grains or other starch foods. Examples include, but are not limited to, grains that produce seeds such as wheat, corn, rye, rice, barley, as well as other grasses, legumes, and nuts.

Preferably, the grain is cereals.

Even more preferably, the grains are wheat.

Different grain powders have varying proportions of grain constituents. For example, white flour is made only from milk, while whole grain flour is made from whole grains, and embryo flour is made from milk and embryos. For the production of high-quality white powder, it is important to efficiently separate the tilted layer and the embryo from the milk. The preferred method is to induce structural changes outside the grain at times similar to when germination initiation occurs. Preferably germination is induced by exposing the grains to moisture.

Preferably, the "exposure" of the grain kernel includes steeping, soaking, immersing, saturating, wetting and spraying. More preferably the cereal grains are wetted. In a preferred embodiment, the grain kernel is wetted to 14-17% moisture content.

The duration of exposure of the grain of moisture is an important variable that can control the extent of biochemical changes in the grain. If the grain has been wet for a longer period, germination will be complete and the grain will not be available for milling. Preferably, the grains are exposed to moisture for 1-24 hours. More preferably, the grains are exposed to moisture for 8-18 hours. Even more preferably, the grains are exposed to moisture for 14 to 16 hours.

Although not required to be bound by a particular theory, grain initiation can be facilitated through various physical and / or chemical stimuli. Preferably, germination is promoted through chemical stimulation. More preferably, germination is promoted by hormones. Even more preferably, germination is promoted by plant hormones.

In the present invention, "plant hormone", such as hormone, refers to both small classes of organic molecules that modulate the action of enzymes or change patterns of gene expression in plants. Plant hormones are divided into five groups: auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid and ethylene. Plant hormones can be derived from a variety of sources, including natural or chemical sources. Synthetic analogs of plant hormones may also be used in the present invention.

Preferably, the plant hormone is selected from the group consisting of gibberellins, epsis acid and auxin.

More preferably, the plant hormone is epsis acid added at a final concentration of 0.5 to 50 mg eggs. More preferably, the plant hormone is added at a final concentration of 1-20 mg / kg grain kernels. In a preferred embodiment, the plant hormone concentration is 1, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 , Or 20 mg / kg grain kernels at a final concentration.

In a preferred embodiment, epsis acid is added to a final concentration of about 2 mg / kg grain kernels.

Thus, a broad aspect of the present invention is a method for treating grain kernels prior to milling comprising exposing the grain kernels to one or more plant hormones for improving milling capacity, thereby increasing milling capacity.

By "milling capacity" is meant the ability of grain grains to be milled into powder. The milling capacity of the grain kernel is not necessarily limited to this, but is related to the hardness of the grain, the ratio of milk to lean and the difficulty of lean separation. Typically, but not exclusively, the milling process is a rather straightforward process in which the product grain powder is fluid and easier to move if the starting material is easy to tilt off from the milk. In general, the optimum milling capacity is to achieve the maximum milling yield after the least gradient contamination. Collectively, the milling capacity will be used variably with the "milling efficiency".

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the method of the present invention can be applied to conventional milling equipment.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, enzymes can be added to the process. The purpose of adding the enzyme is to help release the milk during milling. Most suitably, the enzyme is a plant cell wall-degrading enzyme. Examples of, but not limited to, pentosanases, fructanases, arabinases, mannosidases, cellulases, xylanases ) And lipolytic enzymes. More preferably the enzyme is cellulase.

Preferably, the enzyme is added at a final concentration of 50 to 1000 mg / kg grain kernels. More preferably, the enzyme is added at a final concentration of 100 to 500 mg / kg grain kernels. In a preferred embodiment, the enzyme is 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300 , 310, 320, 330, 340 or 350 mg / kg grain kernels are added at a final concentration.

In a preferred embodiment, the enzyme is added at a final concentration of about 250 mg / kg grain kernels.

Typically, plant cell wall-degrading enzymes are derived from fungal or bacterial individuals, but may also be considered by recombinant methods.

Recombinant enzymes can be readily prepared by those skilled in the art using standard procedures. Such standard processes are described, for example, in Mbrookler CLONING by Sambrook and Russell, which are incorporated by reference herein. A Laboratory Manual (3rd edition) (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York), in particular sections 16 and 17; CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Eds. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1995-1999), particularly chapters 10 and 16, which are incorporated by reference herein; And in CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN PROTEIN SCIENCE Eds. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1995-1999), in particular in Chapters 1, 5 and 6, which are incorporated by reference herein.

Furthermore in a preferred embodiment the present invention provides a method for pre-milling wheat grains for improving wheat mill milling capacity, the method comprising the final concentration of epsis acid and 250 mg / kg grain kernels at a final concentration of 2 mg / kg grain kernels. A wheat grain treatment method comprising exposing the wheat grain to the cellulase at a concentration of about 14 to about 16 hours, thereby increasing the milling capacity of the wheat grain.

The composition administered to the grain is preferably in the state of the solution. More preferably, the grain kernel may be exposed to an aqueous solution containing plant hormones and plant cell wall-degrading enzymes.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition for treating wheat grains for improving the milling capacity of wheat grains prior to milling, wherein the composition is epsilic acid, 250 mg / kg grains at a final concentration of 2 mg / kg grains. A solution containing the final concentration of the cellulase and a suitable carrier or diluent of the kernel.

The grain flour produced using the present invention is applied to the manufacture of confectionery such as bread, pastries, biscuits, cakes such as bakery, oriental noodles, Chinese steamed bread, middle east flat bread, pasta and liquorice. It can be easily thought. It further includes those used in fermented foods such as beer brewing.

The two most important components of grain powder, starch and gluten, are used in various ways in the food industry and other fields. For example, starch is used as corn flour or converted to glucose and other sugars for use in confectionery and other food production. Starch also constitutes basic ingredients such as adhesives and gums. Gluten's binding and water absorption make gluten a key ingredient in processed meat products, breads and textured vegetable protein products.

In order to make the present invention easy to understand and to exhibit the actual effects, those skilled in the art are not necessarily limited thereto, but reference may be made to the following examples.

Example

Example 1

Laboratory-level milling combined with plant hormones

Materials and methods

Main plant hormones such as gibberellin acid (GA _3), indoleacetic acid (IAA), or epsi addition of seusan (ABA) is evaluated affects grain powder, yield or quality wedge tail (Wedgetail) wheat (wheat cv. Wedgetail) Was milled in a Buhler test mill.

Matrix design experiments were performed in which the three hormones and the control were co-mixed together for 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours at 1.5 mg / kg grain kernel concentration and then milled at specific times. Standard milling times for hard mills, such as wedgetail mills, are 16 hours.

Results and discussion

The results of the experiment are shown in Table 1 and FIG. The highest yield of grain powder in the control group was the control group after 16 hours of preparation. Interestingly, the highest grain powder yield was treated with epsis acid (ABA) and the crude time was 14 hours.

Epsic acid provided the highest grain yield or significant powder yield during the crude interval of 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours.

All samples were performed by the same operator, with equal milling, and treatments were milled in the same order at each time point to minimize errors due to milling time changes. Analysis of grain powders, including the humidity, gradient, protein and ash content of the powder, starch damage, color, powder minolta color, moisture absorption, dough completion time, stability, extensibility, dough strength and powder viscosity, etc. Not adversely affected by

conclusion

The results show that treatment of wheat with 1.5 mg of epsisic acid (ABA) per kg of grain kernel during fermentation can increase powder yield slightly and shorten crude time. The potential commercial value is to increase powder yield with shorter crude times without adversely affecting the quality of the powder.

Example 2

Effect of Enzymes on Cell Structure, Powder Yield and Quality

Materials and methods

The effect of enzymes on cell structure was observed with standard optical microscopy techniques. Grain grains were sectioned with microtome, stained and observed under an optical microscope.

 Wedgetail mills were milled in a Buhler test mill to determine if enzymes known to affect microscopic grain structure affect powder yield or quality.

Matrix design milling cellulase and xylanase at a concentration of 250 mg per kg of grain kernels and lipase at a concentration of 100 mg per kg of grain kernels for 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours after crude with control The experiment was performed. Standard milling times for hard mills, such as wedgetail mills, are 16 hours.

Effect of Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes on Cell Structure

2A to 2D show the effects of the addition of xylanase, cellulase and rapase in the gradient and endosperm. Moreover, even if the enzyme concentration is lowered five times (relative to the concentration used in Fig. 2), the effect is still shown. Of particular interest is the effect in gradient and eruption cells produced by the addition of a commercial rapase composition. Under high magnification, it can be clearly observed that the tilted layer is 'unwrapped' as compared to the control. In addition, disruption of the neutrophil cells suggests a physical decline that is not present under normal conditions.

Effect of Cell Wall Lysase on Powder Yield

The effect of each enzyme during crude on powder yield is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The powder yield by enzymatic treatment 12-24 hours after cellulase treatment was the greatest increase. Since cellulase had the greatest impact on powder yield, two sources of cellulase were compared. One is Weston's food cellulase, and the other is Macquarie University's non-food cellulase. Two enzyme samples were added at concentrations showing similar activity, and after 16 hours of incorporation, the powder yields were comparable with those of the control.

The quality of the powder treated with each enzyme was tested. Cellulase treatment significantly reduced the dough strength of the potents (FIG. 5), while lipase treatment increased the powder viscosity (FIG. 6).

Example 3

Effect of Enzymes on Final Product Quality

Wedgetail flour and controls milled in laboratory buhler mills with either cellulase at 250 mg per kg of grain kernel, 100 mg rapase per kg of grain grain, or 1.5 mg epsisic acid per kg of grain grain, and control groups for baking quality. To find out the effect of enzyme treatment, test baking was carried out with a fast dough.

The effect of epsis acid and each enzyme on the baking quality in the baking quality is shown in FIG. 7. The score range of the control group was 67.5 to 73.3. The score of fast dough was in the range of 68.5 to 71.6 after the enzyme treatment was added to the crude water. The control mean was 70.0. Treatment of epsis acid and cellulase scored slightly above the mean of the control group. This shows that treatments that increase powder yield, ie epsis acid and cellulase, did not adversely affect baking quality.

Example 4

Increased powder yield in many examples with epsis acid

The data in FIG. 8 show that the values in the graph represented by the bars are nine control samples; 5 cellulase treated samples; It was based on the point which shows the average of four epsilic acid treated samples.

9 shows that the powder yield increased when 2 mg of epsisic acid per kg of grain kernel was used in wheat in several experiments. The diagonal bar is the average of six experiments; The black bars are the average of four experiments, the wavy bars are the average of four experiments, and the dashed bars are the average of two experiments. Although the control powder yield was higher in the 5 kg sample, the powder yield increased even when the milled wheat sample was 2 kg or 5 kg in the 2 mg / kg grain kernel. For 1 mg / kg grain kernels there was no increase in powder yield. Powder yield increased for 4 mg / kg grain kernels.

Throughout this specification, although not limited to excerpts of any one embodiment or particular feature, the objects of the present invention are described in the preferred embodiments. Various changes and modifications may be applied to the embodiments mentioned and described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

All computer programs, algorithms, science and patent references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Effect of Plant Hormone on Powder Yield and Recovery at Various Preparation Times process Temper time (hours) Powder yield (%) Recovery rate (%) Control group 12.08 77.8 99.6 Control group 16.05 78.4 96.8 Control group 20.00 77.1 96.3 Control group 24.00 78.0 97.1 Gibberellin (GA3) 12.83 77.9 97.5 Gibberellin (GA3) 16.83 78.3 95.9 Gibberellin (GA3) 20.75 78.1 98.8 Gibberellin (GA3) 24.67 78.0 95.8 Indole acetic acid (IAA) 13.50 78.2 97.0 Indole acetic acid (IAA) 17.58 78.1 96.3 Indole acetic acid (IAA) 21.45 77.9 96.2 Indole acetic acid (IAA) 25.33 78.3 96.8 Epsic acid (ABA) 14.33 78.6 96.6 Epsic acid (ABA) 18.37 78.4 95.7 Epsic acid (ABA) 22.12 78.0 96.4 Epsic acid (ABA) 26.03 78.4 96.3

Claims (39)

A method for processing pre-mill flour grains for improving grain milling capacity comprising exposing the grain kernels to one or more plant hormones that improve the milling capacity of the grain kernels. The method of claim 1, wherein the grain kernel comprises at least one milk belly and one tilted layer. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the grain grain is cereal. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the grain is wheat. The method of claim 1, wherein the grain kernel is exposed to one or more plant hormones for 1 to 24 hours. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the grain kernel is exposed to one or more plant hormones for 8 to 18 hours. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the grain kernel is exposed to one or more plant hormones for 14 to 16 hours. The method of claim 1 wherein the grain kernel has a water content of 14 to 17%. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more plant hormones are selected from the group consisting of auxin, gibberellin, and abscisic acid. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the plant hormone is only epsis acid. The method of claim 1 wherein the plant hormone is added at a final concentration of 0.5 to 50 mg / kg grain kernel. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the final concentration of plant hormone is added in 1-20 mg / kg grain kernels. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the final concentration of plant hormone is added in 2 mg / kg grain kernels. 14. The method of any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising exposing the enzyme to the grain kernel. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the enzyme is a plant cell wall-degrading enzyme. The method of claim 15, wherein the plant cell wall-degrading enzyme is selected from the group consisting of xylanase, cellulase and lipase. The method of claim 16, wherein said plant cell wall-degrading enzyme is a cellulase. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the final concentration of the enzyme is between 50 and 100 mg / kg grain kernels. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the final concentration of the enzyme is between 100 and 500 mg / kg grain kernels. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the final concentration of the enzyme is 250 mg / kg grain kernels. Wheat grain milling capacity comprising the step of exposing wheat grains to cellulase for 14-16 hours at a final concentration of 2 mg / kg grain kernels to epsisic acid and a final concentration of 250 mg / kg grain kernels. Method of processing wheat grains before milling for improvement. A method for preparing grain powder, comprising the step of processing grain grains before milling to improve the milling capacity of grain grains of claim 1. Grain powder produced by the method of claim 22. Food prepared from the grain powder of claim 23. A composition for use in processing grain kernels prior to milling, comprising at least one plant hormone and a carrier or diluent. 26. The composition of claim 25, wherein the one or more plant hormones are selected from the group consisting of auxin, gibberellin, and abscisic acid. 27. The composition of claim 26, wherein the plant hormone is only epsilic acid. 28. The composition of claim 26 or 27, wherein the plant hormone is added at a final concentration of 0.5 to 50 mg / kg grain kernels. 29. The composition of claim 28, wherein the final concentration of plant hormone is added in 1-20 mg / kg grain kernels. 30. The composition of claim 29, wherein the final concentration of plant hormone is added in 2 mg / kg grain kernels. The composition of claim 25 further comprising an enzyme. 32. The composition of claim 31, wherein said enzyme is a plant cell wall degrading-enzyme. 33. The composition of claim 32, wherein said plant cell wall degrading-enzyme is selected from the group consisting of xylanase, lipase and cellulase. 34. The composition of claim 33, wherein said plant cell wall degrading-enzyme is cellulase. 32. The composition of claim 31 wherein the final concentration of the enzyme is between 50 and 1000 mg / kg grain kernels. 36. The composition of claim 35, wherein the final concentration of the enzyme is between 100 and 500 mg / kg grain kernels. 37. The composition of claim 36, wherein the final concentration of the enzyme is 250 mg / kg grain kernels. The composition of claim 25, wherein said composition is a solution. A composition for milling whole wheat grains for improving wheat mill milling ability, which is a solution containing cellulase and a carrier or a diluent at a final concentration of 2 mg / kg grain kernels of epsisic acid and a final concentration of 250 mg / kg grain kernels.

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