KR101065930B1 - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compressor having a drive shaft integrated suction rotary valve to allow the refrigerant to directly enter the cylinder bore through the inside of the drive shaft from the rear of the drive shaft. Is formed, and at least one first suction opening 162 formed at the hub 161 of the swash plate 160 and at least one second suction opening 152 are formed to communicate with each other. A drive shaft 150 in which a pair of outlets 153 are formed in directions opposite to each other at positions spaced apart from both sides of the suction port 152 in the axial direction; The drive shaft 150 is rotatably installed, and a plurality of cylinder bores 131 and 141 are provided at both sides of the swash plate chamber 136, and the refrigerant sucked into the flow path 151 of the drive shaft 150 is driven by the drive shaft 150. ), The suction passages 132 and 142 communicating the shaft support holes 133 and 143 and the respective cylinder bores 131 and 141 so as to be sequentially sucked into each cylinder bore 131 and 141 at the time of rotation. Formed front and rear cylinder blocks (130, 140); A plurality of pistons 170 mounted on an outer circumference of the swash plate 160 and reciprocating in the cylinder bores 131 and 141 in association with a rotational movement of the swash plate 160; In the compressor comprising: the front and rear housings 110 and 120 coupled to both sides of the cylinder block 130, 140, the discharge chamber is formed therein, the second suction port 152 of the drive shaft 150 ) Is connected to the flow path 151 so that the refrigerant introduced through the first suction opening 162 formed in the hub 161 of the swash plate 160 is guided in the directions of the respective cylinder bores 131 and 141. Towards to the outlet 153 is characterized in that the inclined in opposite directions to each other.

Drive shaft, flow path, suction port, overlap, flow resistance, swash plate, compressor

Description

Compressor

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a general compressor.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is an exploded perspective view showing a compressor.

4 is a view showing a drive shaft and a swash plate of a conventional compressor.

5 is a view showing a drive shaft and a swash plate of the compressor according to the present invention.

6 is a view showing the trajectory of the refrigerant in the conventional compressor and the compressor of the present invention.

7 is a diagram showing a refrigerant velocity distribution in a conventional compressor and the compressor of the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

110: front housing 120: rear housing

130: front cylinder block 140: rear cylinder block

131, 141: cylinder bore 132, 142: suction passage

133, 143: shaft support hole 134: discharge passage

146: suction port 147: discharge port

150: drive shaft 151: flow path

152: second inlet 153: exit

160: Saphan 161: The Hub

162: first inlet 170: piston

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compressor for compressing and discharging a refrigerant in an automotive air conditioner, and more particularly, to a compressor including a drive shaft integrated suction rotary valve to directly enter a cylinder bore from the rear of the drive shaft through the inside of the drive shaft.

In general, a vehicle air conditioner is provided with a compressor that is operated by the power of the engine for the circulation of the refrigerant to compress and discharge the refrigerant. There are various types of compressors according to their types. Typically, a swash plate type compressor in which a piston reciprocates with the rotation of an inclined swash plate, and a scroll type compressor and a rotary vane compressed by a rotational motion of two scrolls. And a vane rotary compressor for compressing. The swash plate type compressor is mainly used in the automotive air conditioner, and its structure is as follows.

A typical swash plate type compressor, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is coupled to the front housing 10, the front cylinder block 20 is built, the front housing 10 and the rear cylinder block 20a is built A plurality of pistons 50 reciprocating within the rear housing 10a, the plurality of cylinder bores 21 formed in the front and rear cylinder blocks 20, 20a, and the drive shaft 30, respectively. ) And the swash plate 40 coupled to the piston 50 via the shoe 45 is installed obliquely coupled to the circumference, and the front and rear housings 10 and 10a and the front and rear cylinder blocks 20 Valve unit 60 is installed between the (20a) and the upper side of the outer surface of the rear housing (10a) to supply the refrigerant transferred from the evaporator during the suction stroke of the piston 50 into the compressor (1) During the compression stroke of the piston 50 to discharge the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 1 toward the condenser It consists of a plug (70).

The discharge chambers 12 and the suction chambers are respectively located inside and outside the partition 13 in correspondence with the refrigerant discharge hole and the refrigerant suction hole of the valve unit 60 in the front and rear housings 10 and 10a. 11) is formed. Here, the discharge chamber 12 is formed in the first discharge chamber 12a formed inside the partition 13, and formed outside the partition 13 so as to be partitioned from the suction chamber 11 and the first discharge chamber 12a. ) And a second discharge chamber 12b communicating through the discharge hole 12c. Accordingly, the refrigerant in the first discharge chamber 12a passes through the small diameter discharge hole 12c and moves to the second discharge chamber 12b. As a result, the pulsation pressure caused by the periodic suction of the refrigerant is attenuated. This can reduce vibration and noise.

On the other hand, the front and rear cylinder block 20 (20) (so that the refrigerant supplied to the swash plate chamber 24 provided between the front and rear cylinder blocks 20, 20a can flow to each suction chamber 11 ( A plurality of suction passages 22 are formed in 20a, and the second discharge chamber 12b of the front and rear housings 10 and 10a is formed through the front and rear cylinder blocks 20 and 20a. It is communicated with each other by the connecting passage 23. Therefore, the suction and compression of the refrigerant may be simultaneously performed in the bore 21 of the front and rear cylinder blocks 20 and 20a according to the reciprocating motion of the piston 50.

The conventional swash plate compressor configured as described above compresses the refrigerant through the following process.

The refrigerant supplied from the evaporator is sucked into the suction part of the muffler 70 and then supplied to the swash plate chamber 24 between the front and rear cylinder blocks 20 and 20a through the refrigerant suction port 71. The refrigerant supplied to 24 flows into the suction chamber 11 of the front and rear housings 10 and 10a along the suction passage 22 formed in the front and rear cylinder blocks 20 and 20a. .

Since the suction lead valve is opened during the suction stroke of the piston 50, the refrigerant of the suction chamber 11 is sucked into the cylinder bore 21 through the refrigerant suction hole of the valve plate. When the piston 50 is compressed, the refrigerant inside the cylinder bore 21 is compressed. The discharge lead valve opens, and the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant discharge hole of the valve plate. Flows into the first discharge chamber 12a. The refrigerant flowing into the first discharge chamber 12a is discharged to the discharge portion of the muffler 70 through the refrigerant discharge port 72 of the muffler 70 via the second discharge chamber 12b and then flows to the condenser. .

Meanwhile, the refrigerant compressed in the cylinder bore 21 of the front cylinder block 20 is discharged to the first discharge chamber 12a of the front housing 10 and then flows to the second discharge chamber 12b. Along the connecting passage 23 formed in the front and rear cylinder blocks 20 and 20a, the second discharge chamber 12b of the rear housing 10a flows to the refrigerant discharge port 72 together with the refrigerant therein. Through the discharge portion of the muffler 70 is discharged.

However, the conventional compressor (1) is a suction of the refrigerant due to the loss due to the suction resistance caused by the complicated refrigerant flow path inside, the loss due to the elastic resistance of the suction lead valve during the opening and closing action of the valve unit (60). There was a problem that the volumetric efficiency is reduced.

On the other hand, a technique for reducing the loss caused by the elastic resistance of the suction lead valve is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 2003-47729 (name: lubrication structure in a fixed capacity piston type compressor). That is, the above technique applies a suction shaft integrated suction shaft valve without a suction lead valve and allows the refrigerant to directly enter the cylinder bore from the rear of the driving shaft through the inside of the driving shaft in order to reduce the loss caused by the suction resistance. will be.

In the domestic application No. 2005-741853 filed by the applicant, as shown in Figure 3, the swash plate 160 is inclinedly coupled to form a flow path 151 through which the refrigerant flows, the swash plate 160 is coupled The first inlet 162 of the swash plate hub and at least one second inlet 152 communicating the first inlet 162 and the flow path 151 are formed, and both sides of the second inlet 152 in the axial direction. A drive shaft 150 having a pair of outlets 153 formed in opposite directions at positions spaced apart from each other; The drive shaft 150 is rotatably installed, and a plurality of cylinder bores 131 and 141 are provided at both sides of the swash plate chamber 136, and the refrigerant sucked into the flow path 151 of the drive shaft 150 is driven by the drive shaft 150. ), The suction passages 132 and 142 communicating the shaft support holes 133 and 143 and the respective cylinder bores 131 and 141 so as to be sequentially sucked into each cylinder bore 131 and 141 at the time of rotation. Formed front and rear cylinder blocks (130, 140); A plurality of pistons 170 mounted on an outer circumference of the swash plate 160 and reciprocating in the cylinder bores 131 and 141 in association with a rotational movement of the swash plate 160; Disclosed is a compressor including a front and rear housings (110, 120) coupled to both sides of the cylinder block (130) (140), each having a discharge chamber therein.
Reference numeral 121 denotes a discharge chamber formed in the rear housing 120.

In the compressor, the refrigerant introduced through the suction port 146 is introduced into the drive shaft 150 through the second suction opening 152 formed at the hub side of the swash plate 160, and then inside the drive shaft 150. The cylinder bores 131 and 141 are introduced through the flow path 151 formed therein.

Accordingly, direct suction of the refrigerant from the suction port 146 to the driving shaft 150 reduces suction resistance, and improves lubrication of a bearing or a shoe, and also has a structurally reduced weight.

However, in the conventional compressor, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the second suction opening 152 formed in the drive shaft 150 is formed in the flow path 151 inside the drive shaft 150 and the hub 161 of the swash plate 160. One suction port 162 is formed to communicate in the radial direction.

As such, when the first suction opening 162 of the swash plate 160 and the second suction opening 152 of the driving shaft 150 are connected in a straight line, a phenomenon in which the flow rate decreases during the high speed rotation of the driving shaft 150 may occur. That is, when the rotational speed of the drive shaft 150 is low, there is an advantage in that the suction resistance is small when the refrigerant is sucked, but when the drive shaft 150 rotates at a high speed of 4500 rpm or more, the flow resistance increases and the flow rate decreases.

The increase in the flow resistance is due to the formation of low pressure at the center of the flow path due to the high speed rotation of the drive shaft 150 and the increase in flow resistance due to the strong rotational flow generated in the suction flow path. In addition, the refrigerant introduced through the first suction opening 162 formed on both sides of the hub 161 of the swash plate 160 and the second suction opening 152 formed in the driving shaft 151 is rotated according to the rotation of the driving shaft 150. The flow overlaps, that is, the flow overlaps, resulting in a strong vortex, which increases the flow resistance.

In other words, the conventional compressor has a problem that the first suction port of the swash plate and the second suction port of the drive shaft are located in a straight line so that the flow resistance increases when the drive shaft rotates at high speed, resulting in a decrease in suction flow rate.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compressor in which the suction flow rate does not decrease by changing the structure of the suction port formed in the drive shaft so that the flow resistance does not increase even at high speed rotation. .

According to the compressor of the present invention for achieving the above object, the swash plate is inclinedly coupled to form a flow path for the refrigerant flow therein, at least one first suction port formed in the hub of the swash plate and at least one for communicating with each other A driving shaft having a second suction opening and having a pair of outlets in opposite directions at positions spaced apart from both sides of the second suction opening in an axial direction; The drive shaft is rotatably installed and is provided with a plurality of cylinder bores on both sides of the swash plate chamber, and the shaft support hole and each cylinder bore so that the refrigerant sucked into the flow path of the drive shaft can be sucked into each cylinder bore sequentially during the rotation of the drive shaft A front and rear cylinder block having a suction passage communicating therewith; A plurality of pistons mounted on an outer circumference of the swash plate and reciprocating in the cylinder bore in conjunction with a rotational movement of the swash plate; And a front and rear housings coupled to both sides of the cylinder block and having discharge chambers formed therein, wherein the second suction port of the drive shaft includes refrigerant introduced through the first suction port formed at the hub of the swash plate. In order to be guided in the direction of the cylinder bore characterized in that the inclined in the opposite direction toward the outlet toward the connection portion with the flow path.

In addition, according to the compressor of the present invention, the inclination angle of the second suction port is characterized in that 10 ° ~ 40 °.

Hereinafter, the compressor of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

5 is a view showing a drive shaft and a swash plate of the compressor according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a view showing the trajectory of the refrigerant in the conventional compressor and the compressor of the present invention, Figure 7 is a conventional compressor and of the present invention A diagram showing a refrigerant velocity distribution in a compressor.

Compressor according to the present invention, the swash plate 160 is inclinedly coupled to the refrigerant flow path 151 is formed therein, at least one first inlet 162 formed in the hub 161 of the swash plate 160 and At least one second suction port 152 is formed to communicate with the flow path 151, and a pair of outlets 153 are formed at positions spaced apart from both sides of the second suction port 152 in the axial direction. A drive shaft 150; The drive shaft 150 is rotatably installed and a plurality of cylinder bores 131 and 141 are provided at both sides of the swash plate chamber 136, and the refrigerant sucked into the flow path 151 of the drive shaft 150 is driven by the drive shaft 150. Suction passages 132 and 142 communicating the central shaft support holes 133 and 143 and the respective cylinder bores 131 and 141 so as to be sequentially sucked into each cylinder bore 131 and 141 at the time of rotation. A front and rear cylinder blocks (130, 140) formed; A plurality of pistons 170 mounted on an outer circumference of the swash plate 160 and reciprocating in the cylinder bores 131 and 141 in association with a rotational movement of the swash plate 160; And a front and rear housings 110 and 120 coupled to both sides of the cylinder blocks 130 and 140 and having discharge chambers formed therein, respectively.

Here, the second suction opening 152 of the drive shaft 150, the refrigerant flowing through the first suction opening 162 formed in the hub 161 of the swash plate 160, each cylinder bore (131, 141) direction In order to be guided to, the inclined in opposite directions toward the outlet 153 toward the connection with the flow path 151. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6B, the refrigerant flowing through the inlet of the drive shaft is separated in the cylinder bore direction so that the overlap of the refrigerant flow does not occur, and the formation of the vortex is prevented, thereby reducing the flow resistance. Suction flow rate is increased.

At this time, the inclination angle of the second suction port 152 is preferably set to 10 ° ~ 40 °. When the inclination angle of the second inlet 152 is less than 10 °, the effect of increasing the flow rate is small, and when the inclination angle of the second inlet 152 exceeds 40 °, it becomes difficult to process the second inlet 152. It is preferable to set the inclination angle of the second suction opening 152 to 10 ° to 40 °.

In the compressor of the present invention configured as described above, the piston reciprocates in the cylinder bore according to the rotation of the drive shaft, thereby sucking and compressing the refrigerant.

When the drive shaft 150 is rotated by an external drive source, the piston 170 reciprocates in the cylinder bores 131 and 141 by the swash plate 160 coupled to the drive shaft 150. The suction stroke and the compression stroke are repeated in the respective cylinder bores 131 and 141 according to the reciprocating motion of the piston 170.

In the suction stroke of the piston 170, an external refrigerant flows through the suction port 146, and then flows into the cylinder bores 131 and 141 through the flow path 151 of the drive shaft 150. In the compression stroke of the 170, the refrigerant introduced into the cylinder bores 131 and 141 is compressed by the piston 170, and then discharged into the discharge chambers of the front and rear housings 110 and 120, and thus the front and rear sides of the refrigerant. It is discharged to the discharge port 147 through the discharge passage 134 and the muffler 135, 145 of the cylinder block 130, 140.

Meanwhile, the refrigerant introduced into the swash plate chamber 136 through the suction port 146 may include a first suction hole 162 formed in the hub 161 of the swash plate 160 and a second suction hole formed in the driving shaft 150. It flows into the flow path 151 inside the drive shaft 150 through the 152. At this time, the refrigerant introduced through the different first inlet 162 is completely separated by the second inlet 152 of the drive shaft 150 inclined in the opposite direction, the front cylinder bore 131 or the rear cylinder After moving along the flow path 151 toward the bore 141, it is introduced into the cylinder bores 131 and 141 through the outlet 153.

As such, when the refrigerant flowing into the drive shaft 150 is separated and introduced in the opposite direction, the overlap of flow does not occur when the refrigerant is introduced, and the generation of vortices is prevented, thereby reducing the flow resistance. Therefore, if the drive shaft 150 is rotated at the same speed as in the prior art, a larger amount of refrigerant may be sucked in. The effect of increasing the suction flow rate is apparent as the rotational speed of the drive shaft 150 increases.

This will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 which show the trajectory and the speed distribution of the refrigerant when the drive shaft is rotated at 800 rpm. According to the drawing (a) of the conventional compressor, it can be seen that the overlap phenomenon occurs when the refrigerant is introduced, and the inflow resistance is generated thereby resulting in a low inflow rate of the refrigerant. However, looking at part (b) of the drawings of the compressor of the present invention, it can be seen that the overlap phenomenon does not occur when the refrigerant is introduced, and the inflow rate of the refrigerant is also improved. As a result of the experiment, it can be seen that the compressor of the present invention can suck about 60% more refrigerant than the conventional compressor by only a simple shape change.

In addition, the refrigerant introduced into the drive shaft 150 through the suction port 152 of the drive shaft 150 may be rotated by the cylinder bore 131 through the flow path 151 inside the drive shaft 150 in accordance with the rotation of the drive shaft 150. The suction is sequentially performed at 141.

That is, when the drive shaft 150 rotates, the outlet 153 of the flow path 151 formed on the drive shaft 150 also rotates. At this time, the swash plate chamber 136 is the cylinder bore 131 in the process of passing through the suction passage 132, 142, the outlet 153 of the drive shaft 150 is in communication with the cylinder bore (131, 141) ( Since it communicates with 141, the refrigerant in the swash plate chamber 136 is sucked into the cylinder bores 131 and 141 through the flow path 151. Here, while the outlet 153 and the suction passages 132 and 142 of the flow path 151 overlap, the refrigerant in the swash plate chamber 136 is continuously sucked into the cylinder bores 131 and 141.

Meanwhile, even when the refrigerant in the swash plate chamber 136 is sucked into the cylinder bores 131 and 141 through the flow path 151 of the drive shaft 150, the outlet 153 continues to rotate, and as a result, the refrigerant suction When the suction passages 132 and 142 are completely out of the process, communication between the swash plate chamber 136 and the corresponding cylinder bores 131 and 141 is blocked. Therefore, the suction of refrigerant to the cylinder bores 131 and 141 is blocked, and the compression stroke of the piston 170 is started in the cylinder bores 131 and 141 where the refrigerant is blocked.

In other words, the cylinder bores 131 and 141 sequentially communicate with the swash plate chamber 136 through the flow path 151 of the drive shaft 150 while the driving shaft 150 rotates, and thus the refrigerant in the swash plate chamber 136. Is sucked into each cylinder bore (131, 141), and the compression stroke of the piston 170 proceeds sequentially in the cylinder bore (131, 141), the suction is completed.

Of course, the flow path 151 formed on the drive shaft 150 simultaneously connects / communicates with the cylinder bores 131 and 141 formed in the swash plate chamber 136 and the front and rear cylinder blocks 130 and 140, respectively. Since the cylinder bores 131 and 141 of the front and rear cylinder blocks 130 and 140 are simultaneously sucked and compressed.

On the other hand, during the compression stroke of the piston 170, the refrigerant in the cylinder bore (131, 141) is compressed, the refrigerant discharge hole is opened by the discharge valve 190 when the pressure rises in accordance with the compression of the refrigerant. Accordingly, the cylinder bores 131 and 141 and the discharge chambers of the front and rear housings 110 and 120 are in communication with each other, so that the compressed refrigerant in the cylinder bores 131 and 141 is moved to the front and rear housings 110. It moves to the discharge chamber of the 120.

Thereafter, the refrigerant moved to the discharge chambers of the front and rear housings 110 and 120 is moved into the mufflers 135 and 145 along the discharge passages 134 of the front and rear cylinder blocks 110 and 120. Discharged through the discharge port 147.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the scope of the present invention is not limited only to such specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may appropriately change within the scope described in the claims of the present invention. This will be possible.

As described above, according to the compressor of the present invention, the second inlet formed in the driving shaft is inclined so that an overlap phenomenon does not occur inside the driving shaft when the refrigerant is introduced, and the inflow speed of the refrigerant is also improved, thereby improving the suction efficiency of the refrigerant. have.

Claims (2)

A swash plate 160 is inclinedly coupled and a flow path 151 through which a refrigerant flows is formed, and each of the one or more first suction holes 162 and the flow path 151 formed in the hub 161 of the swash plate 160 are respectively formed. At least one second suction hole 152 communicating with the driving shaft 150 having a pair of outlets 153 formed in opposite directions at positions spaced apart from both sides of the second suction hole 152 in the axial direction; The drive shaft 150 is rotatably installed, and a plurality of cylinder bores 131 and 141 are provided at both sides of the swash plate chamber 136, and the refrigerant sucked into the flow path 151 of the drive shaft 150 is driven by the drive shaft 150. ), The suction passages 132 and 142 communicating the shaft support holes 133 and 143 and the respective cylinder bores 131 and 141 so as to be sequentially sucked into each cylinder bore 131 and 141 at the time of rotation. Formed front and rear cylinder blocks (130, 140); A plurality of pistons 170 mounted on an outer circumference of the swash plate 160 and reciprocating in the cylinder bores 131 and 141 in association with a rotational movement of the swash plate 160; In the compressor comprising; front and rear housings (110, 120) coupled to both sides of the cylinder block (130, 140), each discharge chamber is formed therein; The second suction port 152 of the drive shaft 150, the refrigerant introduced through the first suction port 162 formed in the hub 161 of the swash plate 160 is directed to each cylinder bore (131, 141) direction In order to be, the compressor, characterized in that the inclined in the opposite direction toward the outlet toward the outlet (153) toward the connection with the passage (151). The method of claim 1, Compressor, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second suction port 152 is 10 ° ~ 40 °.

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