KR101058329B1 - Eco-Friendly Oil Degrader for Crude Oil Decomposition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new technology for preventing environmental pollution by decomposing crude oil, and more particularly, since crude oil is a kind of hydrocarbon, it breaks the ring of carbon and hydrogen to decompose the crude oil into water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and the like. It relates to a technology for preventing environmental pollution caused by.

Existing emulsifiers do not decompose crude oil, but mix with sea water and descend to the base of the sea, thereby destroying the underlying ecosystem of the sea. In addition, the decomposition method of the crude oil using the existing microorganisms had a problem of ineffectiveness due to long time and enormous cost.

For this purpose according to the present invention, the present invention is an environmentally friendly oil decomposing agent for crude oil decomposition, which eliminates the problems of existing crude oil processing and prevents environmental pollution of the sea by the decomposition of crude oil more quickly and effectively, and can be mass-produced at low cost. This has the advantage that it can be easily applied to many oil spill sites.

Crude oil, hydrocarbons, environmental pollution, oil decomposition agents

Description

Environmental oil disjointing materials for the petroleum disjointing}

The present invention is a new technology that prevents severe ecosystem destruction and environmental pollution caused by crude oil by rapidly decomposing the crude oil when the oil spill accident occurs due to various factors during large-scale crude oil transfer through the sea. It is about.

In other words, it relates to an environmental pollution prevention technology for preventing marine pollution caused by oil spill accident.

Oil spill refers to the release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbons into the environment as a result of unintentional human activity. Oil may be refined oil, including crude oil, refined petroleum products (gasoline, diesel, etc.), or by-products, ship bunker oil, oily waste.

Oil can also naturally leak from the ocean floor. Oil pollution caused by most humans is caused by activity on the ground.

Environmental damage from oil spills is causing far greater damage than we think. Petroleum-based hydrocarbons can have a major negative impact on marine life, even in tenths of an amount.

Benzene and toluene, which are generated when oil is spilled, are highly toxic, but because they are volatile and evaporate quickly, the damage caused by heavy parts of crude oil is greater than that caused by benzene and toluene. Heavy parts of crude oil, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), are believed to do most of the damage. They are less toxic than those of light volatility, but last much longer. Heavy oil also covers ecosystems, such as estuaries, coastal goats (bogs exposed to seawater), and tidal pools, which prevent gas exchange and block light. The oil can mix up to pebbles, deep into the sand on the beach, and can remain for many years.

Every year, the average oil flows into the oceans is 3.25 million tons, of which 400,000 tons are directly into the sea due to tanker accidents. In the history of major oil pollution, Exxon Valdez, stranded on the Prince William Strait in Alaska on March 24, 1989, spilled 42,000 tons of crude oil, killing 300,000 seabirds and thousands of mammals. Suffered. During the Gulf War in late January 1991, Iraq deliberately leaked about one million tons of oil from Kuwait's oil wells, killing nearly one million seabirds and costing more than $ 1.2 billion in oil removal. In 1992, the oil tanker Izian Sea spilled 72,000 tons of oil off the coast of Spain, polluting the coast, and in 1993, the stranded Brear spilled 8, 4500 tons of oil near the Sedland Islands in Scotland. Large and small oil pollution incidents occur frequently in Korea. According to the Marine Police's data, 13 accidents occurred from 1985 to 1993. A recent example was the oil spill on the Sea of Princes, which was stranded on July 23, 95, due to the impact of typhoon Pei off the coast of the South Sea. The causes of these accidents are ship collisions, pipeline ruptures, stranding, overturning, and sinking of ships. Contamination of ecosystems by oil spills includes short-term damage that directly harms marine life and long-term damage that occurs months or decades after the accident. The extent and duration of damage also varies by region. While tidal flats take 10 to 20 years to recover, coastal goats and wetlands where fish spawn or fry grow are classified as long-term damage. Once spilled, the oil destroys the ecosystem, which is more difficult to estimate as damage because the damage is greater than the visible. For this reason, countries around the world are in a hurry to prepare for an emergency response system, and on May 13, 1995, 19 countries including the United States and Japan signed an international agreement on oil pollution preparedness, response and cooperation. .

The existing solution to oil spills is the use of emulsifying agents, that is, emulsifying agents. An emulsifier is a third substance which makes two kinds of liquids which do not mix with each other into a stable emulsion (emulsion). Often surfactants are used. But emulsifiers do not decompose oil, but mix with seawater and sink under the sea, bringing another secondary cold pollution. For example, it destroys ecosystems at the base of the oceans, destroying algae and marine life in the ocean bases, and causing a reduction in fish species, producing a lot of damage. Therefore, this is an unsolvable solution that simply subsides the oil above the sea at the moment and is not a fundamental solution.

Decomposition of oil using microorganisms is very environmentally friendly in the long run because it breaks down oil into harmless substances.

The petroleum microbe is a microorganism that decomposes and uses petroleum, which is mainly composed of hydrocarbons. Pseudomonas, Nocardia, Corynebacterium, and Candida are widely distributed in the land. (Candida) and the like. When a strain of Candida is cultivated through air in a culture medium containing chain hydrocarbons and inorganic salts, the same amount of bacteria is consumed as the consumed hydrocarbons. Since the cells contain about half of the protein, the bacteria are considered as important for producing proteins from petroleum.

Despite these advantages, however, the degradation takes place over many years to decades, so it takes too much time to restore the ecosystem, and the cost of microbial decomposers is too high to apply to large oil spill sites. It is true.

The present invention solves the problem of the oil decomposition method using an emulsifier or microorganism, which is mainly used as a countermeasure for the existing oil spill accident, converts hydrocarbons to harmless materials more quickly and mass-produced at low cost. Its main purpose is to provide a new "decomposition method of crude oil", which is composed of substances that are harmless to the environment and thus do not cause any secondary environmental pollution problems.

The present invention is composed mainly of "magnesium stearate, sodium lactate, adiponitrile" in order to break the ring of hydrocarbon in crude oil consisting of hydrocarbons.

Crude oil cracking agent according to the present invention by breaking the ring of hydrocarbon of crude oil to break down and resynthesis into "water and carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, other harmless substances" and the like, to prevent the oil damage caused by the oil spill accident have.

The present invention can prevent the environmental damage caused by the oil spill accident by decomposing the hydrocarbon of crude oil and converting to harmless substances. In addition, it can be mass-produced at a low price and can be easily applied to the site. The oil can be disassembled in a few weeks or months, which has the advantage of removing crude oil quickly.

Eco-friendly oil decomposition agent for crude oil decomposition according to the present invention is composed of "magnesium stearate, sodium lactate, adiponitrile (adiponitrile)" as a main component.

Magnesium Stearate is a food additive for increasing the adhesiveness and viscosity of foods, enhancing the emulsion stability, and improving the physical properties and feel of foods. Used in foods as antifreeze agents, binders, emulsifiers and thickeners. Light white powder with a slight characteristic odor. Magnesium stearate is a mixture of magnesium salts of stearic acid and palmitic acid, insoluble in water, alcohol, ether and the like. ADI is not established due to lack of safety or lack of research. The standard of use should be 1% or less in food. Mainly used in food as antifreeze, binder, emulsifier, thickener, etc.

Sodium Lactate is a colorless, clear, syrupy liquid that is a salt food additive with no odor or a slight odor. The chemical formula is C3H5NaO3. Soluble in water, pH of aqueous solution should be 5.0 ~ 9.0. Because of its properties similar to glycerin, it was widely used as a substitute for glycerin in Germany and Australia during World War I and later used in food. Rat intraperitoneal injection LD50 (El 50) is 2,000 mg / kg and used as an emulsifier, flavor enhancer, humectant, pH adjuster.

Adiponitrile is a compound in a colorless oily liquid with a sweet smell. The manufacturing method includes butadiene method and furfural method. Formula NC (CH2) 4CN. Molecular weight 108, boiling point 295 degreeC, melting | fusing point 1 degreeC, specific gravity 0.9976 (20 degreeC). It is soluble in alcohol, benzene, and chloroform, but hardly soluble in water, ether, and cyclohexane. The manufacturing method is as follows. ① Butadiene method: Butadiene is chlorinated, and then reacted with sodium cyanide to form 1,4-diicyanobutene, which is produced by reducing it with hydrogen. ② Furfural method: The tetrafurfuran obtained through furan from furfural obtained from pentosan, which is agricultural waste, is treated with hydrochloric acid to make 1,4-dichlorobutane, which is then reacted with sodium cyanide. Synthesize It is an intermediate produced by 6,6-nylon, and it becomes adipic acid by hydrolysis, and it becomes hexamethylenediamine by pressure-contact reduction.

The composition ratio of the 'environmentally friendly oil decomposition agent for crude oil decomposition' according to the present invention is summarized as follows.

The above composition ratio is the result of finding the most suitable golden ratio through the experiment.

Looking at the principle of operation of 'environmentally friendly oil decomposition agent for crude oil decomposition' according to the present invention.

First, "magnesium stearate and sodium lactate" will "crack" crude oil. Cracking means breaking down heavy petroleum in general and petroleum oil, which is light. It is a petroleum cracking system (cracking system) for preparing a crack, but the cracking process here means "magnesium stearate and sodium lactate" to break the hydrocarbon ring of crude oil.

Adiponitrile performs the function of resynthesizing cracked hydrocarbons to "water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, other synthetics" and the like.

This is a reforming process. In general, reforming is an operation for producing high-quality gasoline having a high octane value by changing the structure of hydrocarbons by heating the heavy gasoline. However, reforming here refers to a process of resynthesizing or converting decomposed hydrocarbons into various materials using oxygen in the air.

Through the above cracking and reforming process, hydrocarbons in crude oil are converted to "water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other environmentally harmful substances".

Claims (1)

"Eco-friendly oil for the decomposition of crude oil, characterized in that the composition consisting of 27-33wt% Magnesium Stearate, 35-45wt% Sodium Lactate, adiponitrile 27-33wt% Disintegrant '